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Biblical scientific foreknowledge

2024-07-07T21:42:19Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Distance of Oldest Star to Earth */ cleared up ambiguity of implication

[[File:Newton.png|thumb|200px|alt=Isaac Newton, cornerstone of the scientific revolution, based his research on the scientific authority of the [[Bible]].|thumb|[[Portrait]] of [[Isaac Newton]], cornerstone of the [[scientific revolution]], based his research on the scientific authority of the Bible.]]
'''Biblical scientific foreknowledge''' is the assertion that the Bible possessed scientific knowledge beyond that which is believed to exist at the time the Bible was written. The [[Bible]]'s statements about the natural world predated various [[science|scientific]] breakthroughs. The Bible is a superb roadmap to future discoveries. [[Bible denier]]s, including many [[Atheism|atheist]]s and [[evolution]]ists, refuse to read the Bible, and '''''their irrational [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|closed-mindedness]] against the Bible obstructs the advancement of science'''''.

The [[Book of Genesis]] gives [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge#Anesthesia|an example of anesthesia]] long before man discovered it in 1846. And the underlying chaos and [[uncertainty]] in the physical world was explained in the Bible long before [[quantum mechanics]] confirmed it in the 1900s.

Biblical scientific foreknowledge also guides a more precise translation of verses that describe scientific-related events, such as the reference to the wearing out of the universe in [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]], and the [[Essay:Water into Wine|changing of water into wine]] at the wedding feast.<ref>See {{bibleref|John|2|1-9}}.</ref>

In addition to [[Isaac Newton]] and [[Louis Pasteur]], modern thinkers who frequently read the [[Bible]] include [[John von Neumann]], considered the most brilliant of the 20th century, along with the influential mathematician [[Kurt Gödel]]. Many great [[chess]] champions, from [[Bobby Fischer]] to [[Wesley So]], were avid [[Bible]] readers.

==Geology==

===Massive flooding===
Atheist scientists long opposed a [[young earth]] [[creation|created]] by [[God]] where cataclysmic flooding, such as the [[Great Flood]] described in the Bible, shaped the landscape. However, ample [[counterexamples to an old earth]] exist and the discovery in the Northwest of "giant ripple marks, 50 feet high and 200-500 feet apart" proved that a cataclysmic flood in the region had indeed occurred thousands of years ago. As a result, "[a]mong geologists, the concept of a catastrophic flood came to be universally accepted by the late 1950s."<ref>[http://www.iafi.org/floods.html The Ice Age Flood Institute reports on the massive floods in the Northwest.]</ref>

===Continental drift===
[[Continental drift]] was proposed by [[creationist]] Antonio Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 based on [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis 1:9-10]],<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c001.html Christian Answers explains Antonio Snider's divine inspiration</ref> which states, {{cquote|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.}} Because land is no longer all in [[Pangaea|one place]], this implies that the continents have shifted over the six millennia to their current positions. [[Atheists]] and [[scientist]]s who hadn't seen the light of [[creationism]] were in [[liberal denial]] about this concept for a century, until finally accepting its truth. This is just more data that the Bible knew millennia before [[secular]] [[science]] caught up.

The most likely reason for the current position and shape of the land mass is the [[Great Flood]]. Pangea does not work without flipping, shrinking, and sometimes removing countries entirely. Any Biblical statements of continents is in {{bibleref|Genesis|10|25}} when Peleg is mentioned "for in his days was the earth divided," this in particular refers to the separation of what today is [[Russia]], [[Japan]], and [[Alaska]], when the oceans arose, and also to the division of the peoples by languages, who migrated together according to their language after the confusing of tongues at the [[Tower of Babel]], obviously the migration took place before the oceanic divide which led to the natives of the Far West. Everyone laughed at [[Christopher Columbus]], not because they thought the earth was flat, but because they had forgotten the Far West (America) was there, and they thought he didn't have nearly enough supplies or a big enough ship to go to Asia the long way around, and they would have been right if he didn't hit the [[Caribbean]] first by complete accident. Recent findings of biblical stone tablets, in Byzantine script prove that trade between Europe and the Far West was common prior to the [[Dark Ages]] which began in 400 or 500 AD.

===Underwater springs===
Only in modern times have scientists become aware of the enormous underwater springs feeding into the oceans, and the very deep valleys at the bottom of the oceans. However, the Bible repeatedly described this thousands of years earlier in [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 7|Genesis 7:11]], which states, {{cquote|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.}} Again, in 2 Samuel 22:16, the Bible states that {{cquote|And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.}}
And Job 38:16 “Hast thou entered into the springs of the sea? Or hast thou walked in the search of the depths?"

This is ''obvious'' proof to all but [[liberals]] that the Bible had foreknowledge of subcrustal oceans, something the ancient Jews could not have possibly known, and thus proof of the Bible's God-given accuracy and divine nature.

==Agriculture==

===Malthusianism===
Since Thomas [[Robert Malthus|Malthus's]] 1798 work, ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', [[liberal]] intellectuals insisted that the world's population would grow faster than the [[food]] supply and result in mass starvation.

This [[liberal]] falsehood is contrary to the [[Multiplication of the loaves]], as set forth in Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:5-15. Multiple additional examples in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, as well as the example of [[William Bradford]] at Plymouth Colony,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradford|first1=William|title=The History of Plimoth Plantation|date=1669|pages=135–136}}</ref> of the food supply increasing to be far more plentiful than expected, based on [[faith]] in [[God|God's]] powers and use of [[conservative]] [[economics]]. Indeed, in modern times [[obesity]] is far more prevalent and harmful than [[hunger]] worldwide, and food production far exceeds the ability to consume even in impoverished nations. Hunger remains a problem only in places with [[liberal]] and/or [[leftist]] political systems that impede food distribution or destroy the [[free market]].

As predicted by the [[Bible]] there is an abundance of food in the world, although distribution problems sometimes prevent the food from getting to everyone who needs it. Food inflation in the [[United States]] is very low, hovering around only 1% for the last three decades,<ref>https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/food-inflation</ref> which has kept overall inflation low.

=== Corn ===
Passages in the [[Gospel of Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke]] recount disciples eating ears of [[corn]] on the [[Sabbath]]. "Corn" and the [[Greek]] word for it is broader than [[maize]] and could have included grain, but ears of corn can be more attractive than ears of grain. Throughout the 20th century historians taught that maize originated only in [[North America]] and was introduced into [[Europe]] only by explorers such as [[Christopher Columbus]]. “George Beadle wrote in a 1980 Scientific American article, 'the development of corn by the Indians remains man’s more remarkable plant-breeding achievement.'”<ref>https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/11/the-mysterious-origin-of-corn.html</ref>

Really?? Plant-breeding of corn by only [[American Indians]]?? Though not [[politically correct]], modern research reinforces the [[Gospels]] by showing that [[maize]] existed early enough in [[Italy]] (depicted in a fresco by 1517) and [[Germany]] (in a herbal by 1542)<ref>https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/150485/eth-30594-02.pdf</ref> to undermine the implausible [[atheistic]] theory that it originated in [[Europe]] only from [[Christopher Columbus]] bringing it back to [[Spain]] on March 15, 1493.

For hundreds of years corn was considered to be a vegetable, but now botanists classify it as a fruit ... just as the [[Gospel of Mark]] said 2000 years ago at {{bibleref|Mark|4|28|version=KJV}}.

==History==

=== Psychogenic hematidrosis ===

Psychogenic hematidrosis, which is sweat turning into blood, happens very rarely, but in the cases it does happen, it usually happens with death row inmates, as shown in 70% of studies on the condition.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjXMsq6SscA Police Detective Examines the Resurrection of Jesus becomes Christian]</ref> In the garden of Gethsemane, Jesus sweat blood (Luke 22:44). The early church was puzzled by the account of Jesus sweating blood given in Scripture and they didn't know what to make of it.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

=== Pleural effusion ===

The early church was puzzled by the blood and water that came out of Jesus' side when the soldier plunged his spear into him. The blood was not a problem in their understanding, but the water was. Medical science can now explain the water coming out of Jesus' side as being the result of pleural effusion.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

===Great Flood ice mummy===
[[File:The building of the ark.jpg|thumb|The building of the Ark by Bertram of Minden, ancient [[German Painting]].]]
According to the Bible, a [[Great Flood]] occurred around 3300 B.C., or about 5300 years ago. It involved a cataclysmic rainstorm of a magnitude never seen before or since. For centuries [[atheist]]s and [[liberals]] have mocked it, claiming that it was impossible. However, in 1991, an "ice mummy" was discovered in the [[Alps]]. Scientists located a remarkably preserved ancient body, including even the contents of his last meal, which was due to an extraordinary ice storm. By radiometric [[carbon dating]],<ref>http://www.nupecc.org/iai2001/report/B44.pdf Radiocarbon dating of the Iceman Ötzi with
accelerator mass spectrometry</ref> the scientists discovered that this massive ice storm occurred 5300 years ago, which perfectly matches the Biblical Great Flood.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html PBS on the "Iceman" in the Alps</ref> This is obvious proof of the Great Flood, as no natural occurrence could possibly explain how somebody came to be preserved by ice in the [[Alps]].

===Oldest Living Organism===

Bristlecone pine trees in California's White Mountains are the oldest living unitary organism. As predicted by the Bible, they are not as old as 6,000 years but are as old as 5,000 years,<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/US/photos/worlds-oldest-living-things-23385913/image-23386256</ref> roughly the time of the [[Great Flood]].

===False theories===
Jesus' recognition that the truth would remain hidden from arrogant "intellectuals" while simultaneously revealed to humbler, [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|more openminded]] people. This foreshadowed the creation of theories to pull self-centered intellectual wannabes away from [[God]], such as the [[Theory of Evolution]], the [[Theory of Relativity]], the [[homosexual agenda]], the [[secular]] culture of [[abortion]], [[Communism]], and countless other [[liberal]] and atheistic ideas and ideologies.

===Mankind remains extant===
The Bible predicts that the end of [[mankind]] will not occur by chance, but rather at a time known only to God. Despite the extinction of many species each year throughout history, the expectation by scientists that Earth would have been hit by chance by a massive, extinction-causing meteor, and laws of probability that predict other immense catastrophes, mankind continues and Christianity grows just as Jesus predicted.

===Construction of ancient sky-high structures===

The Bible—the [[Book of Genesis]] chapter 11—explains how ancient people arrogantly sought to construct a sky-high "[[Tower of Babel]]" to try to reach [[Heaven]]. Then, in the 1900s, archaeologists discovered the great ziggurat of ancient Ur, located in present-day southern Iraq, having characteristics similar to the biblical description of the Tower of Babel.<ref>http://www.bible-history.com/babylonia/BabyloniaThe_Ziggurat.htm</ref>

===Hometown of Goliath===

1 Samuel 17 of the Bible discusses the giant Goliath from a Philistine city named Gath, located in central Israel. In July 2015, archaeologists discovered its entrance in an excavation that began in 1899. They also uncovered evidence of a massive earthquake that occurred in the eighth century BC, as described in the biblical book of Amos.<ref>http://www.christiantoday.com/article/gates.to.goliaths.city.discovered/61124.htm</ref>

===Effect of Deafness on Speech===

For 2000 years after [[Christ]], scientists overlooked the close connection between hearing and speech, and the brain, and are just starting to discover this now.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/deafness-can-have-unexpected-consequences-on-speech-patterns/</ref> But [[Jesus]] illustrated the connection when he cured a problem with speech primarily by opening someone's ears, after which the man "spoke plainly."<ref>Mark 7:34-35 ([[ESV]])</ref>

===Common DNA===
[[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 1|John 1:3]] explains that "All things were made by Him; not one thing was made without Him." If something had been made without Him then creatures would exist that had completely different DNA from other creatures.

===Psychiatry===

The self-destructive conduct of cutting is described as part of [[demonic]] behavior in {{bibleref|Mark|5|5}}, yet was largely ignored as a psychiatric illness until 2010.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2010/02/10/123529829/cutting-elevated-from-symptom-to-mental-disorder#:~:text=People%20who%20cut%2C%20or%20intentionally,impulsive%20actions%20and%20chaotic%20relationships.</ref> In addition to the nature of cutting as a psychiatric illness, the mere act of cutting as a form of self-harm increases one's risk for suicide.<ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Muehlenkamp JJ | title = Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 324–333 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 15839768 | doi = 10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 }}</ref>

[[Jesus Christ]] and [[Christianity|Christendom]] have emphasized the importance of forgiveness and in the last few decades, mental health specialists have increasingly seen the importance of forgiveness to alleviate anger/depression/bitterness and other emotional problems within individuals.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755173/ Indian J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun; 51(2): 153–156. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.49459, PMCID: PMC2755173, ''Forgiveness: A note for psychiatrists'' by Prakash Gangdev]</ref> Cutt

Modern medicine now realizes that obsessing with one's past is a big cause of psychiatric problems.<ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-flux/201104/5-ways-find-closure-the-past</ref> Jesus had the same insight 2000 years earlier: "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the [[kingdom of God]]."<ref>Luke 9:62 ([[ESV]]).</ref>

[[Anxiety]] today, almost unbearable in some, was predicted in the [[Gospels]]: "Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us,’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us.’" {{bibleref|Luke|23|30}}

See also: [[Atheism and anger]] and [[Atheism and bitterness]]

== The Bible and health practices ==

''See also:'' [[The Bible and health]]

Max Neuberger, writing in his "History of Medicine" states concerning the Mosaic laws:
{{cquote|The commands concern prophylaxis and suppression of epidemics, suppression of venereal disease and prostitution, care of the skin, baths,[17] food, housing and clothing, regulation of labour, sexual life, discipline of the people, etc. Many of these commands, such as Sabbath rest, [[circumcision]], laws concerning food (interdiction of blood and pork), measures concerning menstruating and lying-in women, and those suffering from gonorrhoea, isolation of lepers, and hygiene of the camp, are, in view of the conditions of the climate, surprisingly rational.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref>}}

===Blood clotting on the eighth day===
In Genesis 17:12, God mandated that Abraham circumcise his sons on the 8th day after birth. In 1935, it was discovered that Vitamin K, together with prothrombin, causes blood coagulation, (important in any surgical procedure). On the 8th day, the amount of prothrombin present is elevated above 100% of normal and is therefore the only day in the male's life in which this will be the case (normally). If surgery is to be performed, day 8 is the perfect day to do it as vitamin K and prothrombin levels are at their peak.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462229_Haematological_Basis_of_8th_Day_Male_Child_Circumcision_in_The_Holy_Bible</ref>

===Lifespan===
[[Image:Cerebellum.jpg|right|thumb|240px|Medical research indicates that excess weight impairs brain function.<ref>
*[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/lim2.11 Association between intelligence quotient and obesity in England], Lifestyle Medicine. 20 October 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/lim2.11
*[https://www.nature.com/articles/nutd201527 Relation of intelligence quotient and body mass index in preschool children: a community-based cross-sectional study], Relation of intelligence quotient and body mass index in preschool children: a community-based cross-sectional study
*[https://ufhealth.org/news/2006/study-shows-link-between-morbid-obesity-low-iq-toddlers Study shows link between morbid obesity, low IQ in toddlers], University of Florida College of Medicine, 2006
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36345149/ ''Impact of obesity and diet on brain structure and function: a gut-brain-body crosstalk'']. ''The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society''. 2022 Dec;81(4):306-316. doi: 10.1017/S0029665122002786. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35247658/ Does obesity put your brain at risk?]. ''Diabetes & metabolic syndrome.'' 2022 Mar;16(3):102444. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102444. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33064270/ Cognition, Brain Structure, and Brain Function in Individuals with Obesity and Related Disorders], ''Current Obesity Reports''. 2020 Dec;9(4):544-549. doi: 10.1007/s13679-020-00412-y. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26107577/ Obesity and Aging: Consequences for Cognition, Brain Structure, and Brain Function]. ''Psychosomatic Medicine.'' 2015 Jul-Aug;77(6):697-709. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000212.
*[http://psychnews.psychiatryonline.org/newsarticle.aspx?articleid=110328 Obesity Linked to Changes In Cognitive Patterns, Psychiatric News, Joan Arehart-Treichel, Clinical and Research News, September 15, 2006]
*[http://health.usnews.com/health-news/family-health/brain-and-behavior/articles/2009/08/25/as-waistlines-widen-brains-shrink.html As Waistlines Widen, Brains Shrink: The obese and overweight have less neurological tissue, study finds, U.S News & World Report August 25, 2009]
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21167850 Western diet consumption and cognitive impairment: links to hippocampal dysfunction and obesity, Physiol Behav. 2011 Apr 18;103(1):59-68. Epub 2010 Dec 16.]
*[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100714112832.htm Obesity Harms Women's Memory and Brain Function, Study Finds, Science Daily, July 15, 2010]
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2568718/ Mental health, family function and obesity in African-American women, J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 April; 97(4): 478–482.]</ref>
 
 
See: [[Obesity and its negative impact on intelligence]] ]]
The Bible puts the maximum lifespan for man at 120 years (Genesis 6:3), the typical lifespan at 70 years and the typical for a good-living person at 80 years (Psalm 90:10).

Thousands of years after that was written, despite immense advances in medicine and technology, these figures remain remarkably accurate. The longest modern recorded life of a man is precisely 120 years (Shigechiyo Izumi), the average lifespan for a man is roughly 70 years, and the average for a good-living man is about 80 years.

[[Jeanne Calment]] lived to age 122, only two years past 120. She was said to have never worked and used olive oil on her skin, outliving all of her [[feminist]] counterparts.

=== Gluttony and sloth as negative practices ===

''See also:'' [[Health risks linked to obesity]] and [[Obesity and its negative impact on intelligence]] and [[Obesity]]

According to the [[Bible]], [[gluttony]] and [[sloth]] are [[sin]]s.<ref>[http://www.openbible.info/topics/gluttony Bible verses on gluttony]</ref><ref>[https://www.openbible.info/topics/sloth Bible verses on sloth]</ref>

Most individuals are overweight due to their dietary and exercise [[habit]]s.<ref>
*[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/obesity/DS00314/DSECTION=causes Causes of obesity] - [[Mayo Clinic]]
*[http://www.motleyhealth.com/fitness/how-much-exercise-is-needed-to-get-fit-and-lose-weight How much exercise is needed to get fit and lose weight]
*[http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/obesity-causes/genes-and-obesity/ Genes Are Not Destiny] - [[Harvard University]] School of Public health
*[https://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2013/09/04/the-6-weight-loss-tips-that-science-actually-knows-work/ The 6 Weight-Loss Tips That Science Actually Knows Work] - ''Forbes'', April 9, 2013
*[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16002825 Long-term weight loss maintenance], ''American Journal of Clinical Nutrition'', 2005 July; 82(1 Suppl):222S-225S.
*[http://www.simplefitnesssolutions.com/articles/weight_loss.htm Strength Training For Weight Loss Success] by Deborah L. Mullen, CSCS
*[http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/weight-loss/in-depth/weight-loss/art-20047752 Weight loss strategies for success] - Mayo Clinic
</ref>

There is medical science evidence linking obesity to various health risks (See: [[Health risks linked to obesity]] and [[Obesity and its negative impact on intelligence]]).

===Oldest human ancestor===
The Bible suggests that the oldest maternal ancestor — [[Eve]] — first lived slightly more than 6000 years ago.<ref>http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html</ref> The mutation rate of [[mitochondria]] indicates roughly the same date for the most recent common human ancestor.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Mitochondrial_Eve_lived_only_6500_years_ago_%28Talk.Origins%29</ref> Scientific studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA changes 24 times quicker than originally thought.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380/</ref>

===Anesthesia===
The first surgical operation described in the Bible was the removal of a rib from [[Adam]], which was performed by first putting Adam into an unconscious, "deep sleep-like trance."<ref>[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 2:21]]</ref> This was the equivalent of anesthesia — thousands of years before anesthesia using inhaled ether was developed by William Morton in 1846. Had scientists and physicians been more [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|openminded]] about Genesis 2:21, they may have discovered anesthesia far sooner and saved many more lives.

===Bloodletting hastens death===
At the time of Jesus and for centuries afterward, arteries and veins were thought to be filled with air, and blood was viewed as something to be used up rather than recirculated. Bloodletting—the practice of intentionally draining blood from a patient—was common medical practice through the time of [[George Washington]], hastening his death prematurely for reasons not understood until years later.<ref>http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37212.php</ref>

Most victims of crucifixion in Roman times languished on the cross for days. But the Bible describes how Pilate, who crucified many, was surprised at how quickly Jesus passed away. 2000 years later, scientific knowledge has advanced to understand that this was caused by his prior loss of blood during his scourging (being brutally whipped), a punishment typically given ''instead of'' crucifixion.

===Homosexuality and disease===
The Bible's prohibition against [[homosexuality]] predated knowledge about the [[Homosexuality and health|many diseases and disorders associated with homosexuality]], and thus showed scientific wisdom prescient for its time.

===Eyesight===
The description in the [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Gospel of Mark 8:24]] for the sensation when one's eyesight is restored includes his perception of "trees walking." This perception was first confirmed nearly 2000 years later as physicians developed medical techniques for restoring eyesight.<ref>This newspaper account is not specific but describes the overall sensation of restored sight: [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-138886/Robot-eye-restore-lost-sight-20-years.html]</ref>

===Maximum human height===
Atheists thought the size of [[Goliath]] in the Bible to be absurdly large (over nine feet tall), until [[Robert Wadlow]] grew to nearly 9 feet tall and was still growing when he died at a young age in 1940. If not for an infection that led to his death, Wadlow would have presumably reached, and even surpassed, 9 feet in height.<ref>https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/6/the-tragic-death-of-robert-wadlow-the-tallest-man-ever-708849</ref>

===Leprosy===
Although leprosy is not as contagious as other infectious diseases, and some forms of it (such as tuberculoid or paucibacillary form are not contagious), Leviticus 13 and 14 set forth rules to prevent epidemics of this disease among the people of Israel. Western science did not catch up until, in 1663, such laws were introduced in America in an attempt to curb an outbreak of smallpox.

Centuries ahead of medical science, Jesus subsequently explained that leprosy was not as contagious as people thought.{needs citation}

===Hygiene===
Millennia before germ theory was proposed in the late 19th century, Leviticus 15 mandated hygiene laws that included bathing, washing of clothing, destruction of contaminated pottery, and washing of hands.

In Matthew 15:2, Jesus then curbed compulsive hand-washing by explaining why it was no longer typically necessary (in a non-farming, non-medical context) with respect to man's digestive system.

===Digestive system===
It was common thought throughout history that infections and illnesses resulted from the digestive system, based on unclean hands or food. Jesus rejected that view and declared hand-washing before meals to be typically unnecessary. It took many centuries before science caught up to the Bible on this.

It is part of the Jewish kosher law to not eat milk with meat. In some Jewish homes they have separate refrigerators for meat and milk products. It comes from Deuteronomy 14:21 "...Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk." There is evidence that the body has difficulty digesting both meat and milk at the same time.

Also, as part of the Jewish kosher law pork is on the list of prohibited foods. Undercooked pork can transmit Trichinosis, a parasitic disease that can infect muscle tissue, the brain, and the central nervous system, among other [[parasite]]s and zoonotic diseases. [[Creation denial|Creation deniers]] can counter this point only with such desperate non-arguments as asking why God had to create trichinae at all and then allow them onto the [[Ark]], with them ignoring the fact that perhaps God did not intend for all organic matter to be edible.

=== Dietary ===
====Vegetable diet====
The important health benefits of a vegetable-based diet were not realized until late in the 20th century, but this is explained in the [[Book of Daniel]]:
{{cquote|“Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.
Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”
 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.
 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.<ref>Daniel 1:12-15 [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%201&version=NIV NIV version]</ref>}}

====Fetal Alcohol Syndrome====
Not discovered until 1973 by American physicians, fetal alcohol syndrome results from harm done to the unborn child in pregnancy due to the mother drinking alcohol. The Bible, thousands of years earlier, forbade the mother of [[Samson]] from drinking alcohol while pregnant, so that he could become a powerful leader:

:3The angel of the Lord appeared to her and said, “You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son. 4'''''Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink''''' and that you do not eat anything unclean. 5You will become pregnant and have a son whose head is never to be touched by a razor because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines.”<ref>Judges 13:3-5 (NIV).</ref>

====Disease from Unclean Animals====
The deadly [[coronavirus]], which spread in 2020 from China, likely originated from eating unclean animals as designated in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14 of the Bible.<ref>https://www.ucg.ca/booklets/what-does-bible-teach-about-clean-and-unclean-meats/which-animals-clean-and-unclean</ref> Other diseases, such as [[Ebola]]<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html</ref> and SARS<ref>https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)14121-9/</ref> are also spread by unclean vector animals such as bats and rats. Most deadly plagues throughout history, such as the [[Black Plague]], have been spread by animal-to-human transmission, which can be countered by being careful in dealing with animals warned against in the [[Bible]].

====Animal Toxicity====
[[File:David Macht.jpg|thumbnail|right||200px|Dr. David Macht]]
In 1953 Dr. [http://www.creationwiki.org/David_Macht David Macht], a Johns Hopkins researcher, conducted toxicity tests on many different kinds of animals and fish and concluded that the toxicity of Levitically [[Mosaic law and unclean animals|"unclean" animals]] was higher than that of the [[Mosaic law and clean animals|"clean" animals]], and that the correlation with the description in Leviticus was 100%.<ref name=Macht1>Macht, David I., MD. "[http://members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/Macht1953.pdf An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Levitcus XI and Deuteronomy XIV]." ''Bulletin of the History of Medicine'' 27(5):444-450, September–October, 1953. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Macht's study in terms of classifying kosher and non-kosher animals matched the kosher classification performed by James W. Atz, Ph.D., Curator and Dean Bibliographer in the Department of Ichthyology of the American Museum of Natural History, NY, NY and adjunct professor of biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science on New York University. Dr. Atz's list of kosher and non-kosher animals was published by the Orthodox Union in Kosher Guide and in the Orthodox Union Kosher Consumer Directory.<ref name=Atz>Atz, James W., contrib. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fish/ KASHRUT.COM - Kosher and Non-kosher fish]" Scharf Associates, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> According to a list of kosher and non-kosher fish published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, deciding what fish have scales, in the Orthodox Jewish community, appears to involve semantics as scales which are not visible to the human eye or scales that cannot be removed without tearing the skin are not considered "scales" in terms of the Torah law for determining which fish are kosher. It appears that Jewish religious authorities do appeal to well-known Torah commentators.<ref name=Goldberg>Goldberg, Chaim. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fishfaq/ Consumers’ FAQ’s on Kosher fish]." Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, 2004. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Also, Dr. Macht's classification of swans as kosher is in accordance with the research done at Ohr Somayach Institutions in Jerusalem, Israel.<ref name=ask1>"[http://ohr.edu/ask/ask210.htm Ask the Rabbi - Are swans kosher]?" Ohr Somayach Website, Ohr.edu, October 24, 1998. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Furthermore, Dr. Macht states in the peer-reviewed journal ''Science'' that the toxicology test he used was a reliable method for detecting zoological toxins as it was a toxicology test sensitive to these types of toxins, and therefore one could conclude it was also suitable for testing the toxicity levels of fish, meat, and poultry.<ref name=Macht3>Macht, D.I., Science 1930, 71 :302</ref> (The toxicological method that Dr. Macht used was also cited in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.<ref name=Macht2>Macht, D.I. and Macht, M.B. ''Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine'' 1941, 26: 597</ref>) In addition, Dr. Macht was an expert in cobra venom, which is a zoological toxin. Macht's conclusions, however, were challenged by three of his science community peers in a Seventh Day Adventist publication although one partially affirmed his study.<ref name=Harris>Harris, Lester E., Jr. "[https://archive.is/20070709234205/members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/web/ministry-1954-March-p37.htm This Question of Unclean Meats]." Ministry Magazine, March 1953, p37-38. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> This was partly due to a likely unfamiliarity with what food is kosher and non-kosher. Also, perhaps they were unfamiliar with the toxicity test Dr. Macht used, and its apparent effectiveness in testing zoological toxins.

In the short term, eating non-kosher food often appears to have no dramatic ill effects in general. For example, the Arabs, who do not eat kosher, consider camel to be a delicacy. Clearly, non-kosher Arabs do not fall dead right after eating camel meat. However, the long-term optimality of eating clean versus unclean meat is an unanswered question of science. Also, eating non-kosher foods clearly has some nutritional benefits. For example, shrimp and pork contain protein. The New Testament declares, {{Bible quote|For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is [[Holy|sanctified]] by the word of God and prayer.|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5|version=NKJV}}

In regard to the aforementioned verse, it could be argued that prayer does [[Holy|sanctify]] food. The Bible has plenty of verses regarding God's protection. Also, it could be argued that the benefits outweigh the costs in all foods and thus all food is good. There is some nutritional goodness in foods that the Torah declared unclean (for example, shrimp has protein). What foods are optimal from an empirically tested scientific viewpoint is often controversial. In short, in regard to eating strictly a kosher diet versus a non-kosher diet, science has no definitive answers at the present time. From a Christian theological point of view, it could be argued that food should not be an impediment to anyone making a decision to become a Christian. It should be noted that orthodox Christian believers in Biblical scientific foreknowledge believe that Christians can eat the food that was declared unclean in the Old Testament, and {{Bible ref|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5}} and {{Bible ref|book=Galations|chap=2|verses=7-16}} make this very clear.

In addition to the aforementioned study testing kosher and non-kosher foods for toxicity levels, Macht developed evidence indicating that combining meat and milk tended to be more toxic than either foodstuff alone.<ref name=Macht4>David I. Macht, Medical Leaves 1940; 3:174-184</ref> In addition, he compared conventional animal slaughtering versus kosher slaughtering and determined that kosher slaughtering produced less toxic meat.<ref name=Macht4/>

A 1985 study by Nanji and French found that there was a significant correlation between cirrhosis and pork consumption (Macht claimed that swine was more toxic than the animal meat the Bible called clean).<ref name=Nanji>Nanji AA, and French SW. "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858627&dopt=Abstract Relationship between pork consumption and cirrhosis]." ''Lancet'' 1985 Mar 23, 1(8430):681-3. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Modern pork production methods are different from ancient methods of raising pigs, so the result of this study might be hard to apply to the ancients or those who raise pigs by organic farming methods, without the use of hormones or antibiotics.

Jane Cahill reported in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' that the toilets of a Jewish household in [[Jerusalem]] were examined and no [[parasite]]s or infectious agents were found.<ref name=Cahill>[http://cojs.org/cojswiki/It_Had_to_Happen,_Jane_M._Cahill,_Karl_Reinhard,_David_Tarler_and_Peter_Warnock,_BAR_17:03,_May/Jun_1991. It had to happen, Scientist Examines Ancient Bathrooms of Romans 586 B.C.] by Jane Cahill and Peter Warnock. BAR May/June 1991</ref>

Today, some "alternative medicine" practitioners do not recommend pork to their patients. Their reasons include the possible content of hormones, antibiotics, and pesticides, and also the undiscriminating diet of the pig. Joseph Mercola, DO, who has a private practice in alternative general medicine, writes:{{cquote|Pigs are scavenger animals and will eat just about anything. Their appetite for less-than-wholesome foods makes pigs a breeding ground for potentially dangerous infections. Even cooking pork for long periods is not enough to kill many of the retroviruses and other parasites that many of them harbor.<ref name=Mercola>Mercola, Joseph, DO, ed. "[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/07/12/are-there-deadly-superbugs-in-your-pork.aspx?source=nl Are There Deadly Superbugs In Your Pork]?" <http://www.mercola.com/>, July 12, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>}}

Dr. Mercola does not even recommend pasture-raised pork, because wild boars will often infect herds of pork with [[Trichinella spiralis]] or other parasites.<ref name=Mercola/>

===Feasibility of abiogenesis===
Although scientists dismissed ideas involving [[abiogenesis]], or the process from which life emerges from non-living material, as nothing more than archaic beliefs in [[spontaneous generation]], the Bible very clearly depicts an occurrence of this phenomenon, for beginning in Genesis 1:20, God creates life from nothing. It was not until the early 20th century that science finally began to accept the viability of abiogenesis, a view that the Bible had held for almost 2000 years, except that [[atheists]] falsely claim that abiogenesis is somehow possible without a creator. For additional information, please see [https://creation.com/origin-of-life origin of life]

===Awareness while unborn===
[[Abortion]] advocates argue that it is ok to terminate a baby while dismissing the pain inflicted by ending an innocent life. They argue that a fetus cannot feel pain because its senses are incomplete. There is a heart-beating human in the womb that can feel even though still unborn and developing. In modern times, we now know the baby in the womb is alert, aware of their mother's emotions, recognize voices, and respond to stimuli and music. The Bible tells us the baby feels (1 Luke 44), ''"the babe leaps for joy in Elizabeth’s womb at the sound of Mary’s voice."'' The inwomb developing baby, John the Baptist, notices the presence of the unborn [[Lord]] in [[Mary]], and is excited. In addition (St. Paul to the Galatians 1:15), ''"God… from my mother’s womb had set me apart and called me through his grace."'' Paul's very first thought, feeling of awareness, began while unborn.

===Embalming===
[[Mark 9-16 (Translated)#14:3|Mark 14:3-8]] describes an embalming process to preserve a body after death, which was not discovered in the West until 1867.

===Significance of blood===
The Old Testament teaches that the [[life]] of all flesh is its [[blood]] ({{Bible ref|book=Leviticus|chap=17|verses=13-14|version=KJV}}). Secular science remained ignorant of the properties and circulation of blood until the 17th century A.D.<ref>[http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12_notes.htm Net Bible: Notes] to [http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12.htm#1234 Deuteronomy 12:23] {{dead link}}</ref>

===Menstruation===
The Biblical laws concerning [[menstruation]], including the setting apart of the menstruating woman and the prohibition on intimacy during menstruation, address health concerns that were not known to secular science until the 20th century.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref> Also, modern science has only very recently discovered that following such rules dramatically reduces the rate of illegitimacy.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182027.htm How Religion Promotes Confidence About Paternity]</ref>

===Cloning and a Common X Chromosome===
{{Bible ref|book=Genesis|chap=2|verses=21-22|version=KJV}} records that God made a [[woman]] out of one of [[Adam]]'s [[rib]]s. Secular scientists did not believe that [[cloning]] such a complex organism (apart from plants) was possible until 1997.<ref>[http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml Cloning Fact Sheet] {{dead link}}</ref> It should be noted, however, that this is not strictly 'cloning' as a clone would be identical to its original, most obviously in terms of its sex. Women can be cloned from the genetic material of men, but not the other way around, since women lack a Y chromosome. Women have the same X chromosome as men, but this was not discovered until the late 1800s. The Book of Genesis explained this thousands of years earlier, describing how the first woman was created directly from man.

===Inbreeding===
Leviticus 18:7-11 elaborates in detail the relationships it regards as incestuous unions, to forbid inbreeding. Only in modern times has secular science caught up and been able to scientifically explain the harm to future generations of inbreeding.

==Cosmology==

===Distance of Oldest Star to Earth===

Because the Book of Genesis states the earth to be roughly 6,000 years old, and light can only travel one light year per year, the oldest detectable star should be 6,000 lightyears away. In 2014, a team of researchers discovered that the oldest star is indeed only 6000 light-years away.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140318194104/http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/6012/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe</ref><ref>https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20140218094324908</ref>

===Planet formation===
Theories of an old universe insisted that planet formation did not occur until long after the origin of the universe, contrary to the [[Book of Genesis]]. It was not until 2012 that atheistic scientists recognized and reported that planets formed at the "dawn of the universe," within a small fraction of the universe's age.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0330/Planets-found-at-dawn-of-universe-but-their-existence-is-a-mystery</ref>

===Extraterrestrial life===
For most of the 20th century, scientists typically believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, despite the lack of any reference to it in the Bible. After spending many billions of dollars looking for such life, and investigating countless reports of UFOs, no such life has been found.

===Starlight Problem===
The [[Starlight Problem]] confounds atheistic theories about the universe: light has reached us from stars that are too far away to transmit the light within the age of the universe. But the Book of Genesis explains this easily: "let there be light" means that God created light, not merely stars.

===Number of stars===
The Bible repeatedly refers to the number of stars as being innumerable,<ref>''See'' Genesis 15:5, Jeremiah 33:22 and Hebrews 11:12.</ref> despite scientists insisting throughout most of history that there were only about 6000 stars. In the early 17th century [[Galileo]] turned a telescope to the heavens and discovered a great number of stars that had been previously invisible to the naked eye.<ref>http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/astronomy95/orionpleiades.html</ref>

Not until the 20th century did scientists discover the tremendous number of stars:<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/index.html</ref>

:There are "10 times as many stars as grains of sand on all the world's beaches and deserts," totaling "7 followed by 22 zeros or, more accurately, 70 sextillion.

But even that scientific estimate was much too low. On December 1, 2010, scientists admitted:<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/1201/Universe-might-hold-three-times-more-stars-than-previously-thought</ref>

:"a cosmic embarrassment of riches – ''the universe appears to hold three times the number of stars many [[astronomer]]s might have estimated only a year ago''."

===Uniqueness of stars===
Although the use of telescopes to chart the outer reaches of God's heavenly creation was developed around the 16th century in Europe, the Bible accurately hypothesized that every star is unique.

"There is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory"- 1 Corinthians 15:41 <ref>http://www.clarifyingchristianity.com/science.shtml</ref>

===Spherical Sun and Earth===
The Book of Isaiah establishes that the true shape of the earth is a sphere:
{{cquote|He sits above the sphere of the earth, and its inhabitants look to him like grasshoppers. He stretches out the galaxies like a curtain, spreading them out like a tent to live under: - [[Isaiah 34-42 (Translated)#Chapter 40|Isaiah 40:22 (CBP]])}}

Likewise, with respect to the [[sun]], the Book of Proverbs 8:27 ([[ESV]]) states:
{{cquote|When he established the heavens, ... he drew a circle on the face of the deep}}

The Book of Isaiah was written circa the 8th century BC, and the Book of Proverbs even earlier. This was centuries before Greek philosophers, beginning with [[Pythagoras]], theorized the earth was round, and it was not discovered until 2012 that the sun is perfectly spherical. Astronomers were not able to conclude until well into the second millennium of [[Christ]] that the Earth is also a sphere.

===Earth free floating in space===
The book of Job states that God "hangs the [[Earth]] on nothing." It also contrasts with Greek Mythology's belief that [[Atlas]] holds up the Earth, or ancient Hindu and Native American myths that the Earth was on top of a gigantic turtle.

The Bible presaged the modern view that space is in fact empty, which wasn't known until the dawn of the 20th century when ether theories became disfavored.

===Cosmic Background Radiation===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis Chapter 1]] explains that God created light first, rather than merely stars. A "big bang" would result in light everywhere, without darkness, and without ripples in cosmic background radiation. Yet in the 21st century ripples were discovered in cosmic background radiation, which can only be plausibly explained by recognizing that light was created first.

===Meteoroids===
The Revelation of Saint John notes,
{{cquote|And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. Revelation 8:8-9 (KJV)}}
This accurately describes meteoroids, essentially large chunks of rock lit on fire by the shock of entering the earth's atmosphere. They were not discovered until 1801, and their composition was not otherwise known until the 20th century.

===Stellar proper movement===
In [[Job]], a list of challenges is constructed in the form of questions, with the idea that man can't do it, but God can. Among these challenges, two are remarkable: one mentions the ''untying'' of Orion's belt, and the other is the ''binding'' of the Pleiades. Only recently, astronomers could measure the proper movement of those stars; Orion's belt is moving apart, with each star going in a different direction, while the Pleiades are moving together.

===Space flight===
Many theorize that the book of [[Ezekiel]] contains descriptions of spaceships and rockets, as they would have been described by someone thousands of years ago. [http://www.spaceshipsofezekiel.com/ Author Blumrich] has even published an entire book about this.

===Expanding universe===
The Bible explains, in 17 different verses, that God "stretched out" the heavens,<ref>http://www.creationists.org/God-streched-out-the-universe-bible-verses.html</ref> in other words, expanding the fabric of space-time from a smaller size to a much larger one. Scientists have discovered only in the last 100 years that, by studying the red shift of galaxies, the universe indeed appears to be expanding, or "stretching out."

==Meteorology==

===Water cycle, and the Six days of Creation Week===
The existence of the water cycle was widely unknown to pagan people until imperial Roman times. But the Bible described the water cycle over a thousand years before that. In general, see [[Ecclesiastes]] 11:3, [[Job]] 26:8 and [[Amos]] 9:6.

There may be a more Biblically central reference to the water cycle: The reports in Genesis 1 of five things that God names (v. 5=two, v. 8=one, v. 10=two) seem to be consistent with five basic features of the geophysical half of Earth's life-support cycle. In Earth sciences, it is known that the total life-support cycle is irreducibly complex in relation to Earth's distance to the Sun, and this complexity maintained on an order of mere days' reserve: flora and fauna are interdependent, their interaction is necessary for the maintenance of the atmosphere, and if any one of those five features suddenly ceased, Earth would fail to support life in a matter of days.

==Physics==

=== Infinite entropy ===
According to [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]], "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state."—i.e., one of [[infinite]] [[entropy]].

In 2004, physicists at the [[University of Chicago]] solved a long-standing dilemma about the ever-increasing entropy in the universe by postulating that there has always been infinite entropy from the very beginning, which is as Genesis explained.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/816176</ref>

=== Immense power within atoms alluded to in 2 Peter chapter 3 ===
[[Image:Abomb.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|The [[atomic bomb]] that was dropped on [[Hiroshima]] unleashed the equivalent of about 15 kilotons of TNT.]]
The immense power within atoms is alluded to in the Bible in 2 Peter chapter 3.<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>

Daniel White III declares:
{{Cquote|John Phillips notes that Peter’s prophecy of a great, end-times conflagration of the earth and its atmosphere uses precise terminology that accurately describes a nuclear explosion. Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon define the “elements” as “the components into which matter is divided” (or atoms), and the term “dissolved” comes from the basic Greek word meaning to “loose” that which is bound (as in nuclear fission). The term “great noise” is found nowhere else in the New Testament and signifies “a rushing sound of roaring flames.” The term “fervent heat” is derived from a Greek medical term denoting a fever. But Peter’s use of it in application to inanimate objects is the only such known usage anywhere in Greek literature. Thus, Phillips observes, “Peter describes in accurate terms the untying of the atom and the resulting rushing, fiery destruction which follows it.”<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>}}

===Impossibility of a Grand Unified Theory===
Billions of dollars and millions of hours have been wasted by scientists in futile pursuit of a "grand unified theory" for physics. But [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis]] explains that the creation of light was done in a separate, initial creation, free of darkness or entropy, and thus incapable of theoretical unification with matter.

===Light and color===
Prior to the work of [[Isaac Newton]], white was considered to be the fundamental color of light, and other colors (such as red, green and blue) were formed by adding to white light. Under that traditional theory, the fullness of all light (a combination of all colors of light) would result in something other than pure white.

The transfiguration of Jesus is described with remarkable consistency in all three synoptic [[Gospel]]s: in the fullness of light Jesus and his clothing display an intense white, whiter than any bleach could produce. This illustrates what was not discovered and accepted until nearly 1700 years later: that white is the combination of other fundamental colors, and the purest white light is formed by a perfectly full combination (see [[Prism]]).

===Action-at-a-distance===
[[Jesus]] demonstrated [[action-at-a-distance]], as recounted in [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]]. Scientists, particularly [[atheists]], denied the possibility of this phenomenon for thousands of years. When Newton proposed action-at-a-distance as the basis of gravity, scientists continued to reject it, but eventually accepted it as being true.

Later the [[Theory of Relativity]] again denied the possibility of action-at-a-distance, but [[quantum mechanics]] subsequently proved that it does occur.<ref>See also [[Counterexamples to Relativity]].</ref>

===Quantum mechanics===
The fundamental principle of [[quantum mechanics]] is that the underlying reality is in random fluctuation, or chaos, until there is intelligent observation of it. This is precisely what [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#Luke 4:6|Luke 4:6]] reveals when it quotes the [[devil]] in saying that he has dominion over this world.

The world was an abyss of chaos at the moment of creation, as explained in the [[Book of Genesis]]. The order created by God is on a foundation of uncertainty. The discovery of this in subatomic particles in the 1900s, known as quantum mechanics, confirms the nature of the world as described in Genesis.

The Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff, Matthew 13:24-30, describes a fundamental uncertainty that does not resolve itself until there is observation over time, and [[The Parable of the Sower]] likewise foreshadows this insight. The authenticity of a simpler explanation of this parable at Matthew 13:36-43 has been challenged. The parable may refer to a profound and pervasive chaotic struggle between good and evil, or in quantum mechanics the uncertainty in position and energy.

====Resurrection====
Quantum mechanics discovered that particles can change their status in ways prohibited by intuition and traditional laws of physics, as in [[quantum tunneling]]. The logic of quantum mechanics even allows a living being, such as [[Schrödinger's Cat]], to exist in an uncertain state of life and death. The [[Resurrection]] denied by [[atheistic]] scientists is fully allowed by modern quantum mechanics.
====Observation of the wave function====
The second chapter of the [[Gospel of John]] describes the conversion of water into wine by [[Jesus]] at a wedding reception. [[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 2|John 2:9]] states: "When the host of the wedding feast tasted the water, it had been made into wine." This passage implies that the drink was not wine until it had been tasted, or observed. The drink was a superposition of the state of wine and the state of water until it was observed as wine.

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus draws a then-unusual distinction between what is fixed and what is uncertain by declaring, "Whatever you make binding on earth will be binding in heaven, and whatever you set loose on earth will be set loose in heaven."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Matthew_10-19_%28Translated%29&oldid=870778#Chapter_16</ref> This may describe the fundamental uncertainty that continues unless and until there is human observation that then causes the wave function to collapse into a particular ("bound") state.

====Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle====
Both the Old and New Testaments refer to a fundamental [[uncertainty]] that requires observation to resolve, akin to the [[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]] discovered in the 1920s:

* "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state." -- [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]].
* "The master refusing to order the removal of the weeds sowed among the wheat because of the uncertainty in distinguishing between the two until later." -- [[Matthew 10-19 (Translated)|Matthew 13:24-30]].

====Wave-particle duality====
Wave-particle duality, not discovered by scientists until the 20th century, is when something is sometimes a wave and sometimes a particle. Subatomic particles have wave-particle duality; so does light.

This is the same as God being a "wave" as the [[Holy Spirit]], and also being matter in the form of [[Jesus]]. An open-minded appreciation of the wave-particle duality of the [[Trinity]] could have opened the eyes of scientists nearly 2000 years sooner to the fundamental wave-particle duality of nature discovered in the 1900s.

Wave-particle duality is also evident in the [[Gospel]] account of Jesus walking on water: [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:45-54]]. A close reading of the passage reveals the wave-like (or light-like) characteristic of walking on water:<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:48-49]] (italics added).</ref>
{{cquote|he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the boat, ''nearly passing it''. But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been ''a ghost'', and cried out.}}
Even today a more open-minded recognition of the truth of the [[Trinity]] would help scientists understand the reality of wave-duality.

====Quantum tunneling====
[[Quantum tunneling]] is the ability of particles to move through energy barriers even though ostensibly impossible based on classical laws of mechanical physics. This was not discovered by scientists until the 20th century.

Jesus proved this was possible in [[John 15-21 (Translated)#Chapter 20|John 20:26]], when he suddenly appeared before the [[Apostles]] in a closed room with completely shut doors. In addition, the explanation of the need for a "great chasm" between [[heaven]] and [[hell]] reinforces the possibility of quantum tunneling, in {{bible ref|Luke|16|26}}.

===Classical relativity===
Romans 10:6-7: But the righteousness that is by faith says: "Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'" (that is, to bring Christ down) 7"or 'Who will descend into the deep?'" (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).

Equating ascending into heaven to bringing Christ down is an example of the fact that there is no universal reference frame, and only relative speeds matter.

===Modern relativity===
The [[Theory of Relativity]] denies the possibility of action-at-a-distance. But several passages in the Bible, such as [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]] and [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)|Matthew 27:51]], describe simultaneous actions from afar.

The list of [[Counterexamples to Relativity]] has grown recently, and modern experiments in quantum mechanics have confirmed action-at-a-distance.

===Second Law of Thermodynamics===
The [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Book of Genesis]] states that the darkness or chaos in the universe can never overcome the light, or order. This same concept was not discovered in physics until the development of the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]], which holds that heat (or order or light) always travels in the direction of cold (or disorder or darkness), and never in the opposite direction.

[[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]] explains that the universe shall "wear out" like a "garment", centuries before the discovery of the physical law that [[entropy]] is always increasing.

===Nature of air===
Until about 300 years ago, common knowledge believed that the air was "empty" and didn't weigh anything. But [[Job]] 28:25 states, "To establish a '''weight''' for the wind, And apportion the waters by measure" indicating that the divinely inspired author knew the air had substance and weight.

===Conservative forces===
James 1:17 describes the electromagnetic forces (light) as having no "shadow of turning." Not understood for nearly 2000 years, this predicts that electromagnetic forces are [[conservative]] such that their [[line integrals]] over a closed loop are zero.

===Conservation of mass-energy===
[[Conservation of Energy|Conservation of mass-energy]] is one of the most fundamental laws of [[physics]] and is described in the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-universe-confirms-the-bible/|title=The Universe Confirms the Bible|accessdate=December 24, 2019|publisher=Answersingenesis.org|date=March 6, 2008|author=Dr. Jason Lisle}}</ref> It states that [[energy]] be neither created nor destroyed and instead the amount of energy remains constant. John 1:3 states that all things were created by [[God]] and that nothing has come into existence apart from Him. Moreover, in Genesis 2:2 it states that God ended His work of creation by the seventh day of the [[creation week]]. These passages imply no new material or energy can come into existence.

Secondly, God upholds all things by His sustaining power (Hebrews 1:3) and by Him all things consist (Colossians 1:17). Since neither matter nor energy will cease to exist, this implies that nothing new will come into existence. Together, these four passages imply that nothing new may be created nor anything destroyed: exactly what is described by the law of conservation of energy. There is the possibility of [[miracle]]s, but as supernatural interventions by God, they by definition do not conform to the laws of physics and are exceptions.

==Mathematics==
''See main article: [[Math and the Bible]]''

===Zero===
Mathematicians in Western Europe did not discover [[zero]] until many centuries after the Bible was written. But there are hundreds of references to the concept of zero throughout the Bible.

=== Set theory ===

Set theory was unknown until the devout [[Christian]] [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in the late 1800s to understand [[God]] better. But [[Jesus]] taught, “So the last will be first, and the first last” (Matthew 20:16 [[ESV]]), a concept that is paradoxical ''except'' in set theory. This set-theory concept is also echoed by the repeated references to [[Jesus]] as the "Alpha and the Omega" in the [[Book of Revelation]]. (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13)

=== Uncountable Sets ===

The existence of an uncountable set was not known in mathematics until [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in a paper published in 1891. But the so-called (and misnamed) [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#12:22|Epistle to the Hebrews]], which was possibly written by [[Jesus]], explains that the number of angels is uncountable.

===Banach-Tarski Paradox===
The only miracle described in all four [[Gospels]] is the multiplication of loaves and fish by Jesus, thought for thousands of years to be a mathematical and physical impossibility. But the 20th-century discovery of the so-called [[Banach-Tarski Paradox]] proved a mathematical basis for creating identical copies of an object out of no extra material.

===Axiomatization of Arithmetic===
The full set of axioms for integer arithmetic may be found in the Bible. For example, [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)|Luke 12:52]] is a striking statement of the commutative law for addition: "For from this point forward there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three." This understanding presaged both later attempts at the axiomatization of arithmetic by Peano and the development of [[abstract algebra]] in the 19th and 20th centuries.

===Infinity===
Most thinkers scoffed at the concept of [[infinity]] for thousands of years, despite it being referenced in the Bible in many ways. See, e.g., Psalm 147:4-6 (God's "understanding is infinite"); [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)#20:1|Matthew 20:1-14]] ([[parable]] of the wages for the workers in the vineyard); Matthew 16:26 (one's soul has an infinite value to him, and nothing else can be worth more).

But [[Georg Cantor]], inspired profoundly by [[Christianity]], established a logical foundation for infinity that revolutionized all of mathematics as a result, with his development of [[set theory]] to accomplish his goal.

The [[New Testament]] contains many references to infinite opportunity. Though denied by [[economics|economists]] and others, infinite opportunity was confirmed by the [[Coase theorem]] as being available to all.

===Calculus===
The Bible emphasizes the importance of limits as a key distinction between this world and God; Calculus consists of relying on limits to derive useful results.<ref>[http://www.aiias.edu/ict/vol_27/27cc_225-239.htm Norie Grace Rivera-Poblete: "''God and Calculus''"], Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department of [[Seventh-day Adventist]], Prepared for the 27th International Faith and Learning Seminar held at Mission, Muak Lek Saraburi, Thailand December 3 – 15, 2000</ref>

James 1:17 states that the first and second derivatives of God's light (truth) is zero, more than 1600 years before calculus was discovered: "with [God] there is no variation or shadow of turning."<ref name="Shadow%252525252525252520of%252525252525252520Turning">[http://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/no-variation-or-shadow-of-turning-calculus-in-the-bible/ Nathan Albright: ''"No Variation Or Shadow Of Turning: Calculus In The Bible"''], Blog-Entry, Feb 24, 2011</ref>

===Arithmetic with Negative Numbers===

Negative numbers were not fully accepted by mathematicians until the 1800s,<ref>http://nrich.maths.org/5961</ref> including how a negative number dominates the result in multiplication with a positive number, to yield a negative outcome. Yet Jesus' [[The Parable of the Sower|parable of the sower and the seed]], in Matthew 13:1-23, Mark 4:1-8, and Luke 8:4-8, explained the same effect nearly 2000 years earlier.

=== Indeterminacy ===

The Bible repeatedly emphasizes that God is "unsearchable". See Job 5:9 (God "does great things and unsearchable"); Job 26:1 ("God's Majesty Is Unsearchable"); Job 36:26 ("Behold, God is great, and we know him not; the number of his years is unsearchable.") Psalm 145:3 ("Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable."); Proverbs 25:3 ("As the heavens for height, and the earth for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable."); Isaiah 40:28 ("Have you not known? Have you not heard? The Lord is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary; his understanding is unsearchable."); Romans 11:33 ("Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!")' Ephesians 3:8 ("to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ").<ref>All quotations are to the ESV of the Bible.</ref>

John 1:1 teaches that logic is part of God, and thus logic itself must also be "unsearchable". For many decades the finest mathematicians thought that the consistency of logic could be proven, until [[Kurt Godel]] (himself a frequent reader of the Bible) proved the indeterminacy, or "unsearchability", of mathematics.

==Sociology==

===Trolls===

The existence of malicious trolls on the internet is difficult to understand until one reads Matthew 13:24-30 - the Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff.

===Crime===
Mark 4:22 says that nothing can be hidden, and neither can anything be kept secret. Empirical statistics show that the vast majority of crimes worldwide are solved.

==Sports==

The value of physical exercise was not discovered by secularists until late in the 20th century, but 1 Timothy 4:8 explained this nearly 2000 years earlier: "Physical exercise has some value ...."<ref>Good News Translation</ref>

==Zoology==
===Eyesight of Eagles===
Eagles have the finest eyesight in the entire animal kingdom: "they are able to see and focus in on prey as small as a mouse from up to 3 miles away."<ref>https://advancedfamilyeyecare.com/best-animal-eyes/</ref> This was predicted by the [[Book of Job]]: "its eyes penetrate the distance."<ref>Job 39:29 ([[HCSB]]).</ref>
===Morality of animals===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 3:1-10]] explains that only humans understand good and evil, and clothe themselves because of it. Repeatedly scientists have attempted to demonstrate that animals can understand morality also, but every attempt has failed. No animal (other than humans) has ever been found that clothes itself.

===Existence of dinosaurs===
[[Dinosaur]] fossils were not discovered until the 19th century, but the Book of Job describes enormous creatures called behemoth and leviathan, the descriptions being similar to dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. It may also have referred to another similarly giant now-extinct species. Other dinosaur-like creatures mentioned are the cockatrice and satyr <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v15/i2/behemoth.asp</ref>

===Killing methods of lions===
Until the 1970s naturalists believed that lions killed their prey by biting through the neck or by breaking the neck with a swat of a paw, while the Bible says that lions suffocated their prey. (Nahum 2:12) It was not until the 1970s that it was discovered that the [[Bible]] was correct.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BLions87.htm</ref> Lions fit their mouth over the mouth and nose of their prey and hold it while it suffocates, in addition to other killing methods.

===Giant sea creatures and Jonah===
The [[Jonah (Translated)|Book of Jonah]] describes his survival in the belly of a giant sea creature for 2.5 to 3 days. Scientists declared this to be impossible due to powerful stomach acids that quickly break down any material and the lack of breathable air inside marine animals.

In 2010, scientists found the following materials intact in the belly of a gray whale that had died after being stranded on a Northwest beach:<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/19/pair-sweat-pants-garbage-beached-whales-stomach/</ref>

*a pair of sweatpants
*a golf ball
*over 20 plastic bags
*small towels
*duct tape
*surgical gloves

Of course, many sea creatures have gone extinct in the thousands of years since Jonah lived.

===Gender of worker ants===
Proverbs 6:6-8 correctly states the sex of worker [[ant]]s (female), using the correct one of the two [[Grammar#Gender|grammatical genders]] available in Biblical [[Hebrew]]. Secular entomologists would not discover that fact until the 19th century.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rzwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&dq=ant+undeveloped+female+worker+date:1700-1850&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#v=onepage&q&f=false The study of medicine, Volume 5 By John Mason Good]</ref>

=== Harvester ants ===

19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior - namely the issue of ants/harvesting (Harvester ants). The Bible was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>

=== Hearing and snakes ===

The scientific consensus and the ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' both indicated that snakes can't hear.<ref>[https://creation.com/snake-charming-and-bible-accuracy Charmed, I’m sure!] by Calvin Smith</ref><ref>[http://ed5015.tripod.com/BCobra94.htm The Cobra and the Bible]</ref> The Bible said that snakes can hear. 21st-century research showed that snakes can hear.

=== Vegetarian lion ===

''See also:'' [[Christian/Jewish vegetarianism]] and [[Religion and vegetarianism]] and [[Atheism and veganism]]

The prophet Isaiah says that there will be a time when the [[lion]] will lay down with the lamb and the lion will eat straw like the ox (Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25). There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>
[[File:8790lion-wont-eat-meat.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>]]
David Catchpoole wrote at the website of [[Creation Ministries International]]:
{{Cquote|From 1946 to 1955, A female African lion, born and raised in America, lived her entire lifetime of nine years without ever eating meat.1 In fact, her owners, Georges and Margaret Westbeau, alarmed by scientists’ reports that carnivorous animals cannot live without meat, went to great lengths to try to coax their unusual pet (‘Little Tyke’) to develop a taste for it. They even advertised a cash reward for anyone who could devise a meat-containing formula that the lioness would like. The curator of a New York zoo advised the Westbeaus that putting a few drops of blood in Little Tyke’s milk bottle would help in weaning her, but the lioness cub refused to touch it—even when only a single drop of blood had been added.

The more knowledgeable animal experts among the many visitors to the Westbeaus’ 100-acre (40-hectare) ranch also proffered advice, but nothing worked. Meanwhile, Little Tyke continued to do extremely well on a daily diet of cooked grain, raw eggs, and milk. By four years of age, she was fully grown and weighed 352 pounds (160 kg)...

Mr. Westbeau’s observation of the lioness that ‘To condition her stomach she would spend an hour at a time eating the succulent tall grass in the fields’, is also a vivid reminder of the prophecies of Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25, ‘ … the lion will eat straw like the ox.’<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat], footnote omitted.</ref>}}

==Linguistics==
[[File:The Tower of Babel by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1563.jpg|thumb|350px|The Tower of Babel by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]
===Common descent theory===
The [[theory of evolution]] suggests that all languages are descended from a common ancestral language, and for a century (1860 to about 1960) scientists clung to that view. But now most linguists identify many different families of languages that have no common ancestor, just as described in Genesis 11 with the [[Tower of Babel]].

===Earliest Hebrew writings===
Skeptics have claimed that [[Hebrew]] writing did not exist before the 6th century B.C. But a recent Israeli archaeological dig dated four centuries earlier, in the 10th century B.C., included an artifact found at Khirbet Qeiyafa in the Elah Valley. This artifact contained a written inscription in Hebrew relating to "slaves, widows and orphans." Haifa University Professor Gershon Galil noted that this disproves the theory that the Bible could not have been written before the 6th century.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref> Furthermore, a curse tablet at [[Mount Ebal]] was discovered that contains Hebrew writing that may date as early as 1400 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Metcalfe |first=Tom |date=29 March 2022 |title=Ancient 'curse tablet' may show earliest Hebrew name of God |url=https://www.livescience.com/ancient-curse-tablet-early-hebrew |accessdate=8 June 2023 |website=livescience.com}}</ref> The tablet is even old enough to push back the date that secular scholars proposed for the [[Exodus]] of Jews from Egypt.

==Economics==
===Poverty===
Jesus stated that there will always be poverty,<ref>See Mark 14:7, Matthew 26:11, and John 12.8.</ref> yet [[liberals]] repeatedly insist that poverty can be eliminated with more government spending. Every attempt to eliminate poverty has failed just as Jesus predicted. In 1991 [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]] for the [[Coase Theorem]], which implies that government attempts to reduced poverty will interfere with efficient operation of the economy, and thereby reduce wealth.

===Socialism and Capitalism===
Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 says that [[capitalism]] is a gift from God:

"Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God give the him: for it is his portion. Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour; this is the gift of God."

Similarly, Ecclesiastes 6:1-2 condemns [[socialism]]:

"There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease."
===Invisible hand===
The "[[invisible hand]]" was not discovered until 1776 by [[Adam Smith]] in his magnum opus ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]''; the invisible hand can be understood as the [[Holy Spirit]] guiding people to productive activity.
===Opportunity cost===
The concept of [[opportunity cost]] is in [[Jesus]]'s teachings, at [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#6:9|Luke 6:9]] when he observes that it would be [[evil]] not to cure a man's withered hand on the [[Sabbath]], when it is possible to cure it then. Yet in economics, the insight of opportunity cost did not develop until 1911.

==Government and Politics==
''See also [[Biblical political foreknowledge]]''

===Nation-state===
Ancient Israel, as described in the [[Old Testament]], was a [[nation-state]] and that model was not utilized again until thousands of years later, well after the Renaissance in Western Europe. This model of a nation-state has become the modern standard worldwide.

===Separation of Powers===
The separation of powers adopted successfully by the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787, with the legislative, executive, and judicial branches having separate authority and jurisdiction, was first described in the Old Testament.<ref>''See'' {{bibleref|Isaiah|33|22}}.</ref>

===Liberal influence on the media===
The Third [[Three Temptations of Christ|Temptation of Christ]] is to bow down and worship the [[Satan]] in exchange for becoming ruler of the world. The media plays that role and its influence is predictably liberal and anti-[[Christian]].

==Engineering==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge about these engineering developments has been proposed:<ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2191</ref>
{{cquote|automobiles (Joel 2:3-4); airplanes (Isaiah 31:5, also 40:31); submarines (Revelation 9:1-11); radio (Ecclesiastes 10:20); and television (Revelation 11:3-12)}}
Classical photography, using negative imaging, was predated by the [[Shroud of Turin]] with respect to the imaging on the Shroud likely due to the light of the [[Resurrection]]. The Shroud ([[Greek]]: σινδών - sindón) is mentioned in three Gospels: Matthew 27:59, Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, while John 20:5-7 talks about a face cloth or napkin ([[Greek]]: σουδάριον - soudárion - perhaps the [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]), and a piece of fine linen ([[Greek]]: ὀθόνιον - othonion). The description by the eyewitness John implies that his sighting of the Shroud may have confirmed his [[faith]], though he doesn't mention its photograph-like image.<ref>John Calvin, who opposed the Catholic Church, wrote a book in 1543 criticizing all material evidence of Jesus and the martyrs. In it, he claimed that because the negative image on the Shroud is not described in the Gospels, it must not be authentic. [[John Calvin]]: ''Traité des Reliques'', Geneve 1543, translated by Valerian Krasinski: ''A treatise on Relics'', Edingburgh 1854</ref>

==Alleged "contradictions"==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge is an underpinning of creation science and is widely credited by Christian scientists and apologists, including the organizations [[Creation Ministries International]],<ref>https://creation.com/modern-medicine Creation Ministries International on "Modern" Medicine</ref> [[Answers in Genesis]],<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp Answers in Genesis on "Modern" Medicine</ref> and [[CreationWiki]].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref>

Atheists and liberals unsuccessfully attempt to discredit the Bible based on science. Here are some examples:

===Value of Pi===
Two sections of the Bible (1 Kings 7, 23–26, 2 Chronicles, 4, 2–5) appear to indicate that the correct value of [[Pi]] is 3, whereas Pi is, in fact, an irrational number, equalling approximately 3.14159. Atheists, including [[Sam Harris]] and [[Richard Dawkins]], allege that this value indicates the fallacious nature of scripture.<ref>[http://richarddawkins.net/articles/139 The Richard Dawkins Foundation, ''Reply to a Christian'', Sam Harris -]</ref> However, a simple explanation of the claimed "contradiction" is that the Bible records the ratio of the actual object which Hiram created, not that of a mathematical [[sphere]]. The claim that it was round all about does not equate to a claim that it was a perfect sphere, as atheists have claimed.<ref>''Theology'', Volume 59, Issues 427-438, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain), London, 1956, p. 23</ref>

Additionally, Pi to one significant digit is 3. Just because the measurement is given to only one significant digit, that does not mean it was precisely that amount.<ref>There are no instances in the Bible where fractions are used.</ref> Of course, since Pi is an irrational number, it would be impossible to give a truly precise measurement. Since decimal notation was not in use in Biblical times, there was no way to express Pi to greater accuracy in the language of the day.

===Bat as a bird===
A favorite [[evolutionist]] canard is that [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:13-19]] labels the [[bat]], a [[mammal]], as a [[bird]]. The [[KJV]] translation of "fowl" is simply incorrect, as the Hebrew term '' 'owph'' did not entail the "clade" of birds, but was a non-scientific category simply referring to ''any'' winged creature. A popular Jewish translation, used to explain the laws of keeping kosher, translates the term as "winged flying things."

===Rabbits, coneys, and cud===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:5-6]], the Bible states, {{cquote|And the coney ''(or hyrax)'', because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.}} Although the term 'chewing the cud' usually means rumination (as seen in cows, for example), skeptics have claimed this is wrong in regards to rabbits and coney behavior. However, these animals do in fact use a similar process called refection. The underlying Hebrew words which are translated as 'chewing the cud' in the King James bible are actually much broader in scope and mean simply 'to bring up' which is something both rumination and refection do.<ref>https://creation.com/do-rabbits-chew-their-cud</ref><ref>http://carm.org/bible-difficulties/genesis-deuteronomy/do-badger-and-rabbit-chew-cud</ref> This issue in translation is similar to the bats and fowl problem mentioned above.

===Number of legs of insects===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:20-23]], the Bible states, {{cquote|All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.
Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;

Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the
grasshopper after his kind.

But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you.}}While this may appear to indicate that insects have four legs (they have six), the passage is in fact referring to the manner in which the grasshopper moves. Grasshoppers have large back legs mainly used for jumping, and not for walking, which is when it uses its smaller four front legs. Thus, the ancient Hebrews were just describing things as they saw them, not according to scientific nomenclature.

==See also==
*[[Essay:Rebuttal to Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]
*[[Biblical political foreknowledge]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[The Bible]]
*[[Evolution]]
*[[Atheism]]
*[[Prodigal Son]]

==External links==
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Biblical scientific foreknowledge] by [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/scientific-consensus-and-evolutionary.html Jesus vs. the scientific consensus and evolution. Jesus wins!]
*"Ten of the Top Scientific Facts in the Bible", Living Waters Films with Ray Comfort. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2sMJMXDiH4]
*[https://www.drjbloom.com/public%20files/Science%20in%20the%20Bible.pdf Is there Science in the Bible?] by Dr. John A. Bloom

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Conservative Bible|*]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

{{Creation vs. evolution}}

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2024-03-17T19:59:40Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Exodus */ clarification of sinai

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
* Modern geneticists scoffed at the idea that the Bible was correct in that all of the [[Kohanim]] are descendants of [[Aaron]], as stated in [https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0228.htm#1 [Exodus 28:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Ostrer H |title=Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-537961-7 |pages=97, 96–101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT69 |quote=This finding generated considerable excitement, because it was taken as evidence of the fidelity of an oral tradition extending over millennia... it has been discovered this Y-chromosomal set of markers is not unique to Jewish men... this record refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times... Y-chromosomal analysis of Levites has demonstrated multiple origins that depend on the Diaspora community from which they came—they are not all the descendants of tribal founder Levi.}}
</ref> In more recent times, evidence has shown that Kohanim share close genetic links that do not exist in non-Kohanim Jewish or non-Jewish populations.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Behar DM, Saag L, Karmin M, Gover MG, Wexler JD, Sanchez LF, Greenspan E, Kushniarevich A, Davydenko O, Sahakyan H, Yepiskoposyan L, Boattini A, Sarno S, Pagani L, Carmi S, Tzur S, Metspalu E, Bormans C, Skorecki K, Metspalu M, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' Y chromosome | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 14969 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 29097670 | pmc = 5668307 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7 | quote = Remarkably, the five Ashkenazi Cohen samples formed the tight cluster J1b-B877, shared only with one Yemenite, one Bulgarian and one Moroccan Cohen coalescing ~2,570 ybp (Table 1). | bibcode = 2017NatSR...714969B }}
</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sahakyan H, Margaryan A, Saag L, Karmin M, Flores R, Haber M, Kushniarevich A, Khachatryan Z, Bahmanimehr A, Parik J, Karafet T, Yunusbayev B, Reisberg T, Solnik A, Metspalu E, Hovhannisyan A, Khusnutdinova EK, Behar DM, Metspalu M, Yepiskoposyan L, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = Origin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267 | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 6659 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33758277 | pmc = 7987999 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-021-85883-2 | bibcode = 2021NatSR..11.6659S | quote = Another sub-branch—J1a1a1a1a1a1a2-B877—is specific to the Jewish Cohens [...] Its TMRCA of ~ 3.2 kya (95% HPD = 2.4–4.0 kya) overlaps with the previous estimate.}}</ref>
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the [[Yom Kippur War]] was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand in the Sinai desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3,000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*The "black and beautiful" as described in [[Song of Songs]] at [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16445/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v5 [Song of Songs 1:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] was ambiguous to Western and Middle Eastern thinkers for a long time, but following restablishment of contact with the Ethiopian Beta Israel, it has been theorized that the "black and beautiful" is a reference to the [[Queen of Sheba]], who visited [[King Solomon]] according to Ethiopian historical accounts.<ref>{{cite book |title=The complete guide to the Bible |last=Miller |first=Stephan M. |page=175}}</ref> In the [[2 Chronicles 1-9 (Translated)|second book of Chronicles]], it is stated that she shared royal gifts with Solomon. The 14th century Ethiopic work ''Kebra Nagast'', it is stated that her son, the offspring of Solomon, visited him as an adult and Solomon acknowledged him as his rightful son.
*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
* A specific part of the Book of Esther discusses how Esther sentenced men to death who attempted to kill the Jews of the Persian Empire. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16482/showrashi/true/jewish/Chapter-9.htm#v13 [Esther 9:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>] This lines up remarkably closely with [[Herodotus|Herodotus]]'s account of Amestris (pronounced am-ESTR-IS), wife of Xerxes, who had been recorded to have the power to give the death penalty to enemies of her family.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther, Mordecai & Ahasuerus in Archaeology |url=https://www.biblehistory.net/newsletter/Esther-Mordecai.htm |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.biblehistory.net}}</ref> Admittedly, there is no written historical records of Persian history about the set period until after Herodotus's time, which may explain the lack of a more concrete outside evidence of the events that took place in the Book.<ref>{{Cite web |title=If Achashverosh is Xerxes, is Esther his Wife Amestris? - TheTorah.com |url=https://www.thetorah.com/article/if-achashverosh-is-xerxes-is-esther-his-wife-amestris |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=www.thetorah.com}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Failed climate change predictions

2024-01-20T21:15:15Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Droughts */ vermont getting dryer? no.

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of August 30th, 2023, 2024 is a few months away and there is no sign that the Maldives will be submerged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1940, The Knoxville News-Sentinel suggested that the idea than sunspots were not a good theory for a warming climate, and did not even discuss the topic of human activity. In its place, the paper suggests that volcanoes are the likely culprit for global warming. Despite the fact that scientists already know that volcanic eruptions can cause drops in temperature, there is a stark lack of modern volcanic eruptions to correspond with modern day climate claims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-02 |title='Why' of the Weather |pages=16 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/89558430/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
* In 1941, [[Stanford University]] predicted that the [[Humboldt current]] would cause Pacific hurricanes to shift 10 degrees south of where they used to be, generally around [[Acapulco]] in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1941-11-26 |title=Climate Change Due to Shift of Current |pages=1 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times/89605373/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> Far from the case, the 2020 Pacific hurricane season still hit around the middle of Mexico.<ref>{{Citation |last=Supportstorm |title=English: This map shows the tracks of all tropical cyclones in the 2020 Pacific hurricane season. The points show the location of each storm at 6-hour intervals. The colour represents the storm's maximum sustained wind speeds as classified in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (see below), and the shape of the data points represent the type of the storm. |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2020_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> If anything, major storms are travelling further north, as Hurricane Hillary, a Category 4 storm, hit Southern California in August of 2023, making landfall north of Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web |title=POST-TROPICAL CYCLONE HILARY |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/refresh/graphics_ep4+shtml/030420.shtml?gm_track |access-date=2023-08-30 |website=www.nhc.noaa.gov}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
* In 1944, the Rutland Daily Herald expressed concern that Vermont's summer climate was unusually dry, and that it may indicate signs of climate change and a drying world.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Climate Change|work=Rutland Daily Herald|date=4 Sep 1944|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/89605849/|page=8|language=en}}</ref> Local Vermont news reports in 2023 showed that the state then experienced the most intense summer rainfall on record that year.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Huntley|first=Katharine|date=1 Aug 2023|title=Vermont breaks records for rainfall|work=WCAX-3|url=https://www.wcax.com/2023/08/01/vermont-breaks-records/}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Talk:Counterexamples to the Bible

2024-01-20T21:00:40Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Most recent edit */

==A mathematical counterexample to the Bible==
In 1 Kings 7:23

"And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other: it was round all about, and his height was five cubits: and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about."

"Round all about" shows us that the molten sea was a circle. The circumference of a circle is: Circumference = pi x diameter. And rearranging to get pi: pi = circumference/diameter

In this passage, the circumference is 30 cubits and the diameter is 10 cubits. Therefore pi = 30/10 = 3.0

Mathematics has shown us that pi = 3.14 to three significant figures, NOT 3.0. Therefore, this is a mistake in the Bible. A concession to the times, where little was known about mathematics. --[[User:Samsonnn|Samsonnn]] 09:34, 13 November 2011 (EST)

:This proposed counterexample is disproved in [[Biblical_Scientific_Foreknowledge#Incorrect_value_of_Pi]].--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:14, 13 November 2011 (EST)

== No counterexamples to the Bible? ==

Doesn't this become tautological if you are unwilling to consider counterexamples? [[User:TylerGD|TylerGD]] 10:17, 11 August 2010 (EDT)
:The "counterexamples" you posted were repeatedly brought up over the years by atheists, agnostics, and the generally dimwitted over the course of thousands of years; and these "counterexamples" were repeatedly proven wrong. That's "Proven" with a capitol "P". [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 10:27, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::Sorry, I must have missed something. Which counterexamples did TylerGD post? If they have all been Proven wrong with a capital P, shouldn't this article address them and state why they are wrong, as with every other counterexample here, instead of just not considering them? --[[User:MarcoT2|MarcoT2]] 11:48, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

:::The page history contains the edits [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_the_Bible&diff=803692&oldid=803632 here]. I found the alleged "counterexamples" to be remarkably trivial and non-substantive. Our entries here are substantive, and will remain so.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 11:59, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::::Ok, I understand this necessity. I agree that only the MAJOR counterexamples should be addressed! Thank you, anyway, for posting the link to the edits. --[[User:MarcoT2|MarcoT2]] 12:01, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

:::::What should happen is a separate article titled [[Alleged Biblical contradictions]], detailing the passages, what liberals have against them, and why the contradictions don't exist in the first place. [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 12:05, 11 August 2010 (EDT

How about the First Law of Thermodynamics? This states that energy may not be created or destroyed, which contradicts Genesis.
Also, the creation story says that light was created first. Light is not possible without a spacetime manifold, which was not created at that time.
The population of the earth is much too large too soon after the flood. Assuming 8 humans survived the flood, every woman over 15 years old would have to have 50 children to produce a large enough population by the time of the Exodus from Egypt. (Assuming: the flood was in the year 3000 BC, and the Exodus was in 2500 BC). And, even assuming this is possible, it does nothing to address the sudden rise of different races.

: I have an open mind about it. Let's take a look at your arguments:

:: The First Law of Thermodynamics says that energy may be transformed from one type to another, and it is all the time. That's what creation presumably was.

:: See [[Counterexamples to Relativity]], which is a far longer list than [[Counterexamples to the Bible]]. Perhaps the goofy "spacetime manifold" never really existed. Are you open-minded about that?

:: I'm surprised by your population argument, because I've seen analysis that says the population levels today are just what one would expect from having just a few people in 3000 BC.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 20:20, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

:::Now I'm confused. Our critic here is claiming that the First Law (it's a law, mind you) of Thermodynamics states that energy may not be created or destroyed. It contradicts Genesis. Okay...got that. Thermodynamics One contradicts Genesis. But at the same time, how did his big bang theory happen? You can't create or destroy energy, that's what he said. But there had to have been energy created (from nothing, I might add) in order to get a great big bang for his big bang theory, and that's a lot of energy created ''and'' destroyed of which he says can't be created or destroyed. And, while he's defending that little law in science, I'll bet he's ''denying'' Thermodynamics Two because its statements about entropy and energy left to itself seem to contradict evolution. In short, he's stating something came from nothing, leading to things getting better, both of which contradict each of those laws of Thermodynamics.
:::Makes the case for "In the beginning, God created..." even stronger, doesn't it? [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 20:33, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::::I'm not claiming that "something came from nothing" in the Big Bang. The sum of the energy contained in the mass of the universe equals the sum of gravitational potential energy in the universe. This is quite an easily calculable conclusion which suggests that the net energy in the universe is zero. So, while I agree with the "came from nothing" statement, I disagree with the "something". If you are going to throw out unscientific phrases, you should say "A net nothing came from nothing". The zero-energy universe is becoming more and more studied, and may well be a plausible explanation for cosmogenesis.

::::This explanation is in contradiction to the Creation story, in which light was created with no negative energy counterpart.

::::A caveat; the zero-energy universe is still in the preliminary phases of study, and may turn out to be false. However, in 20 years, I can guarantee scientists will have a clearer understanding of the beginning of the universe, while theists will respond with "*shrug* God did it".

::::In response to the statement about how "goofy spacetime manifold never existed", are you saying that there is no spacetime currently?

::::Also, I fully support the Second Law of Thermodynamics, and there is no contradiction with regards to evolution; the entropy of the sun is increasing more than entropy due to life on earth is decreasing.

:::::I apologize for not being clear on my population calculations. Please allow me to restate:

:::::Let's assume the following:
:::::Eight people survived the flood (the year 3000 BC).
:::::1,000,000 people lived around the time of the Exodus (a highly conservative number) in the year 2500 BC
:::::To achieve this population, the population needs to increase by 2.5% each year. (4 woman * 1.025^500 ~= 1,000,0000)
:::::Assume the average person lives to 1000, and there are no deaths (which seems like a BIG assumption)
:::::In 900 years, this comes to an average of 50 children (1000 * .025 = 25. Multiply by two, since only woman reproduce and increase population, in practice, to get 50).

:::::That strains credulity a bit.

:::::: You're right, it does. And the mistake is your time estimate for [[Exodus]]. As taught in my class, it is widely accepted that Exodus occurred either in the 1200s or 1400s B.C. See [[World_History_Lecture_One#Egypt]]. A doubling in population every 30 years for a 1000 years would be roughly 2^30, or a billion, far more than is needed.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:29, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

:::::::Point taken, Andy, you are indeed correct. The population at the time of the Exodus was within the limits of possibilities assuming a flood. I withdraw my point.

Jeremiah 8:8 (NIV) "How can you say, "We are wise, for we have the law of the LORD," when actually the lying pen of the scribes has handled it falsely?" While not a counterexample in the normal sense of the word, the Bible itself does attempt to warn against its own future inaccuracies at the hand of man being involved in its transcribing and interpretation. This is particularly of note as it is a self-contained disclaimer that must be held true if the rest is to be. [[User:Lopsidedidol|Lopsidedidol]] 10:37, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

Lopsidedidol, please address the information below and please especially address the Jeruaalem prophecy in particular:

'''Analysis of Bible prophecy from Christian scholars/apologists'''

*[http://sciencespeaks.dstoner.net/Prophetic_Accuracy.html#c8 Science speaks - Prophetic accuracy] by Dr. Peter Stoner
*[http://www.drjbloom.com/public%20files/PubTheoData.pdf Public Theology and Prophecy Data - Factual Evidence that Counts for a Worldview] by Dr. John Bloom, Robert C. Newman, and Hugh G. Gouch, Jr.
*[http://www.ankerberg.com/Articles/ATRJ/proof/ATRJ1103PDF/ATRJ1103-16.pdf The Case for Jesus the Messiah — Incredible Prophecies that Prove God Exist] by Dr. John Ankerberg, Dr. John Weldon and Dr. Walter Kaiser Jr.
*[http://www.johnankerberg.com/Articles/_PDFArchives/apologetics/AP1W1299.pdf The Case for Jesus the Messiah — Incredible Prophecies that Prove God Exist - Part Two] by Dr. John Ankerberg, Dr. John Weldon and Dr. Walter Kaiser Jr.
*[http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/ AboutBibleprophecy]
*[http://www.allaboutthejourney.org/prophecy-about-jesus.htm Prophecy about Jesus]

'''Rebuttal to atheist Steven Carr concerning Bible prophecy:'''

*[http://www.tektonics.org/af/carrs01.html Steven Carr's The Jury Is In Chapter 11: Rebuttal] by [[JP Holding]][[User:Conservative|conservative]] 11:07, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

:Give me a few hours to take in those links, my response will follow. [[User:Lopsidedidol|Lopsidedidol]] 11:54, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

:::It's been more than a few hours. Should I assume you have repented and become a Christian? [[User:Conservative|conservative]] 21:00, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

== Adam and Eve, Abel and Cain ==

Sorry to ask this, but the "population" argument brought to mind an old thought which I am sure has been answered many times. I am not saying that it is a "counterexample" to the Bible, mind you, I am just curious as to what the official refutation of this argument is... sorry to bother with such a silly question :) Now, God created Adam and Eve, and then Adam and Eve generated Abel and Cain, two males. So, where did the rest of the human population come from? Thanks for clearing this up for me :) --[[User:MarcoT2|MarcoT2]] 21:35, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

:I'm an atheist, but this argument is not very solid. While it is never addressed in the Bible, its possible Adam and Eve had more children. Why this is not addressed, since the Bible loves listing lineages, is anyone's guess...

:: I've never heard anyone claim that the Bible identifies ''everyone'' who ever existed. As the unsigned comment above states, perhaps there were other children, or other miracles.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:41, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::: The "Adam and Eve had other children" option would imply that people from the same bloodline, actually brothers and sisters, generated children, which I am sure is not an acceptable option. Perhaps other people were directly created by God to populate the Earth? --[[User:MarcoT2|MarcoT2]] 21:44, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::It has been addressed in the Bible:
:::This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him;
:::Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.
:::And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, and after his image; and called his name Seth:
:::And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: '''''and he begat sons and daughters''''':
:::And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died. (Genesis 5:1-5) [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 21:45, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

::::That option, however, raises other questions, as I said. There must be something we are missing perhaps. --[[User:MarcoT2|MarcoT2]] 21:50, 11 August 2010 (EDT)

== Opinion from talk page ==

*that there are extreme inconsistencies in the lineage of Jesus, as given by the Apostles Matthew and Luke in their respective gospels. Also, the prophecy that Jesus would be descended from David was unfulfilled because of his so-called virgin birth. Lineages could only be traced through male parents in ancient Judea and Jesus did not have one.

:Reply: your conclusion is unjustified and your statement about the lineages unspecific and inconsequential. Jesus was significant because of his divine nature.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 16:08, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

:: Allow me to jump in on this one:

::Luke 3:23 (tracing the lineage of Jesus)
::And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,
::3:24 Which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Janna, which was the son of Joseph

::AND

::Matthew 1:15 And Eliud begat Eleazar; and Eleazar begat Matthan; and Matthan begat Jacob;
::Matthew 1:16 And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.

::So, we can all agree that the lineage of Jesus, as listed by Matt and Luke, are inconsistant. Is that specific enough? We can now say that the Bible contains contradictions, and is therefore not entirely inerrant, correct? Please note, the lineages diverege further, I just chose not to list them completely. [[User:Pete5383|Paul]] 15:51, 18 August 2010 (EDT)
:::Pete, you're the only one here who claims contradictions in the Bible where there are none, and it is clear that you're here to push that side of the fence once again. We're not going to agree with you at all; we will never agree with anything that's false. [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 18:00, 18 August 2010 (EDT)

::::So...no contradiction in Matthew saying Jacob is the father of Joseph and Luke saying that Heli is the father of Joseph? Those can both be true? [[User:Pete5383|Paul]] 18:58, 18 August 2010 (EDT)
:::::Are you insisting that one man cannot possibly have two different names? [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 19:07, 18 August 2010 (EDT)

*that we have a non-existant prophecy in verse 23 (as seen above). Of course, Isaiah was speaking of events of his time, not of the future, as evidenced in Isaiah 9:6 with the use of, “For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given…” Not withstanding, the verse presented is transcribed incorrectly anayway. It was translated from the Greek text, and there the word “parthenos” is used, which does mean a virgin. However, the word in the original Hebrew, from which the Greek was taken, did not mean “virgin.” The word there is “almah,” which means simply a young woman. In the later Greek translation, the error was corrected, the proper Greek equivalent “neanis” being substituted. But it suited the purpose of the Church to leave in its “virgin” Greek, and so it has come down to us.

:This has been long debated but not resolved on one side as you suggest. Feel free to discuss further here.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 16:08, 14 August 2010 (EDT)

==A suggestion==
As you know, there are already 3 articles for countering atheist stupidity: [[Counterexamples to Evolution]], [[counterexamples to Relativity]], and [[counterexamples to an Old Earth]]. I suggest the creation of 2 more counterexample articles called [[counterexamples to the big bang]] and [[counterexamples to atheism]]. That would be great in my opinion. [[User: Willminator|Willminator]] 17:51, 19 September 2010 (EDT)

: Willminator, you're free to start any entries if and when you have good material (comporting with [[Conservapedia:Commandments]]) to include in them!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 22:35, 19 September 2010 (EDT)

== Most recent edit ==

I most recently changed some of the citations for this article due to the original citation leading to a 404 page. When sticking [https://web.archive.org/web/20240000000000*/http://www.bible-history.com/pontius_pilate/pilateArchaeology.htm the url in the wayback machine], the wayback machine spews "This URL has been excluded from the Wayback Machine." After clicking "edit" to fix this, I found that the citation seemed to be using an archiving [[Template:Cite_web | template]]. Inside this template was an archive url that did lead to a functional archive page, however, again, clicking the reference itself led to a 404. I don't use this template and therefor did not know how to fix the template properly. I did my best by adding additional citations. [[User:Cazle|Cazle]] ([[User talk:Cazle|talk]]) 18:47, January 3, 2024 (EST)
: Additionally, turns out that [[Template:Cite_web]] is a copy pasted wikipedia template (as seen by it citing WP:CITE), hmm... [[User:Cazle|Cazle]] ([[User talk:Cazle|talk]]) 16:01, January 11, 2024 (EST)
:: Additionally, the template is locked for editing, and the last two users to edit the template both quit Conservapedia in [[Special:Contributions/TK | 2010]] and [[Special:Contributions/Iduan | 2014]], respectively. [[User:Cazle|Cazle]] ([[User talk:Cazle|talk]]) 16:13, January 11, 2024 (EST)
::: Sorry about that. I could've sworn when I originally added that link, it was definitely archivable then. Wayback machine has excluded a lot in recent times. [[User:Ethan Parmet|Ethan Parmet]] ([[User talk:Ethan Parmet|talk]]) 16:00, January 20, 2024 (EST)

Counterexamples to Evolution

2023-11-21T22:40:09Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Logical examples */ argument from the abcc11 gene

[[File:Question-Evolution-Campaign.jpg|thumbnail|250px|right|The [[Question evolution! campaign]] by [[Creation Ministries International]] is a worldwide campaign which poses 15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer.<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign] by [[Creation Ministries International]]</ref> The 15 questions posed to evolutionists can be found [https://creation.com/15-questions HERE] ]]
The [[theory of evolution]] does not permit the existence of any counterexamples. '''If any one of the 54 counterexamples listed below is correct, then the theory of evolution fails'''. Moreover, even if there is merely a 10% chance that each of these counterexamples is correct (and the odds are far higher than that<ref>Many of the counterexamples are indisputable, rendering each of their probabilities of being correct nearly 100%.</ref>), then the '''''probability that the theory of evolution is false is more than 99%'''''.
==Counterexamples==
===Logical examples===
# Evolution cannot explain artistic beauty, such as brilliant autumn foliage and the staggering array of beautiful marine fish, which originated before any human to view them. "[[Natural selection]] has no reason to produce beauty," Ann Gauger says in ''Metamorphosis'' about a principle that applies to flowers as well as butterflies. "Beauty is a sign of the transcendent. It's purely gratuitous. We all recognize it. We just have to acknowledge what it points to."<ref>[http://www.evolutionnews.org/2016/03/baroque_botany102711.html Baroque Botany: Elaborate but Functional]</ref> See: [[Argument from beauty]].
# The current annual rate of extinction of species far exceeds any plausible rate of generation of species. Expanding the amount of time for evolution to occur makes evolution even ''less'' likely.
# The [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]] establishes that everything in the world becomes more disordered over time, in the absence of intelligent intervention. The theory of evolution falsely claims that some systems can become more ordered over time, like an impossible [[perpetual motion machine]]. See: [[Creation Ministries International on the second law of thermodynamics|Evolution and the second law of thermodynamics]] and [[Genetic entropy]]
# Royal Truman and Peter Borger wrote concerning optimization and the genetic code: "The distribution of ‘code quality’ would roughly follow a Gaussian distribution, based on the [[law of large numbers]]. This means that as coding conventions are improved, it would be ever more difficult for natural selection to generate yet better codes."<ref>[https://creation.com/images/pdfs/tj/j21_3/j21_3_84-92.pdf Genetic code optimisation: Part 2] by Royal Truman and Peter Borger</ref>
# More than 70% of Earth is covered with water, devastating flooding is frequent, and a massive ancient flood is historically recorded by every culture. Limestone and fossils exist at the highest peaks of altitude. Yet mammals cannot survive large floods. It is impossible to increase the period of time to permit evolution without also increasing the likelihood of extinction of mammals due to large flooding.
# Evolution cannot explain the lack of genetic diversity among the Homo sapiens species. Were evolution and the Old Earth theory true, the human population would show a much larger genetic variance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-02-15 |title=Descent of Man Theory: Disproved by Molecular Biology |url=http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7 |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106001429/http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7 |archive-date=2019-11-06 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=godandscience.org}}</ref> Some scientists have stated that a troop of 55 chimpanzees contains more genetic diversity than the entire human race; this would support the idea that all chimps are descended from a relatively large initial population while all humans are descended from a much smaller initial population (two people, perhaps). 80% of all human diversity is found on the African continent, which accords with a human population growing from a small group in the post-Flood Middle East.[[File:Ara macao -on a small bicycle-8.jpg|thumbnail|300px|right|[[Parrot]] feathers are a problem for evolutionists. For more information, please see [https://creation.com/parrot-fashion parrot feathers].]]
# Parsimonious repetition of design elements throughout Creation, e.g. the eye's appearance in remarkably different species. For such complex structures to [[convergent evolution|arise repeatedly via evolution]] is [[statistical impossibility|impossible]], as evolution is an inherently random and historically contingent process.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Does Homology Provide Evidence of Evolutionary Naturalism? |url=https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/evidence/does-homology-provide-evidence-of-evolutionary-naturalism/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Answers in Genesis |language=en}}</ref>
# ''Pleiotropy'', the fact that a change of a single gene can have several different effects, renders the "improvement" of animals by random mutation impossible, as any mutation with a potentially beneficial effect will be coupled with one or more other potentially lethal effects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Creationist Perspective of Beneficial Mutations in Bacteria |url=https://answersingenesis.org/genetics/mutations/a-creationist-perspective-of-beneficial-mutations-in-bacteria/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Answers in Genesis |language=en}}</ref>
# The development of feathers, which could not have conceivably "grown" from the scales of reptiles<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Martin |first=Larry D. |last2=Czerkas |first2=Stephan A. |date=2000-08 |title=The Fossil Record of Feather Evolution in the Mesozoic |url=https://academic.oup.com/icb/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/icb/40.4.687 |journal=American Zoologist |language=en |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=687–694 |doi=10.1093/icb/40.4.687 |issn=0003-1569}}</ref><ref>[http://palaeoblog.blogspot.com/2008/02/early-evolution-of-feathers.html]</ref>
# For evolution to be true, every male dog, cat, horse, elephant, giraffe, fish and bird had to have coincidentally evolved with a female alongside it (over billions of years) with fully evolved compatible reproductive parts and a desire to mate, otherwise the species couldn't keep going.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-03-04 |title=Atheists strategize against book on God |url=https://www.wnd.com/2009/03/90743/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=WND |language=en-US}}</ref>
# There are no historical records of anyone directly observing one major kind of animal evolving into another, which would certainly be something worth writing about. Also, "Why are the (expected) countless millions of transitional fossils missing?"<ref>[https://creation.com/15-questions 15 questions for evolutionists]</ref>
# If evolution were to explain where human beings come from, then every personality type should benefit human life. This is clearly untrue because the world is filled with liars, psychopaths, and murderers. These traits clearly do not benefit humanity.
# If [[homosexuality]] were a result of genetics as many [[liberals]] claim and not [[Homosexuality and choice|a sinful choice]], then evolution should lead to the extinction of [[homosexuality]], yet to this day homosexuality exists among humans. See: [[Causes of Homosexuality|Causes of homosexuality]]
# The Theory of Evolution dictates that all organisms descended from single-celled bacteria. Considering that bacteria are, and always have been, the most successful group of organisms, covering all areas of the globe in some of the most extreme environments, why would it have been advantageous to evolve into organisms that are so much more limited to the environments they can inhabit? Surely, staying as bacteria would be far more advantageous, due to their tolerance of extreme conditions, quick reproduction time, etc.
# Evolution cannot explain why tapeworms exist since parasitism is worse than mutual cooperation. This is because parasitism would mean they will have to destroy their host and have less opportunity to evolve while those that cooperate with other organism will evolve in much faster speed and overtake their cousins.
# Body odor, especially during long periods of not washing in nature, can become very pungent and easily detectable by predators. At the same time, over 80% of East Asians have the ABCC11 gene, which causes the body to not produce body odor from armpits.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuo |first=Kaiser |date=2019-07-08 |title=Why Chinese people don't need deodorant |url=https://thechinaproject.com/2019/07/08/kuora-why-chinese-people-dont-need-deodorant/ |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=The China Project |language=en-US}}</ref> There is no reason that this trait would not have been advantageous to evolve from the get-go by the first humans, or at least have spread to the other races tens of thousands of years ago in an evolutionary scenario.

===Lack of mechanism===
[[Image:Feather image.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[Harvard]] biologist [[Ernst Mayr]] wrote: "It must be admitted, however, that it is a considerable strain on one’s credulity to assume that finely balanced systems such as certain sense organs (the eye of vertebrates, or the bird’s feather) could be improved by random [[mutation]]s."<ref>[http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes9.html Ernst Mayr, Systematics and the Origin of Species (New York: Dover Publications, 1942), p. 296]</ref>]]
# The extraordinary [[animal migration|migration]] patterns of butterflies and birds cannot be explained through naturalistic development, and lack any plausible materialistic explanation.<ref>[[Animal migration]]</ref>
# Evolutionists falsely asserted for centuries that [[corn]] evolved from teosinte, when in fact they have many fundamentally irreconcilable differences;<ref>https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1820997116</ref> there is no plausible evolutionary path of development for [[corn]].
# Evolution does not account for the immense amount of [[information]] in the genome. While there are various definitions of information, and many types have been observed to occur naturally, DNA contains information that is processed to lead to a result predetermined by the content of that information. Strictly speaking it is inaccurate to refer to DNA as a "code" or "language," as many scientists are prone to doing. In fact DNA is more like a template, which produces messenger RNA (mRNA,) a new template with more appropriate bases for protein production. The mRNA essentially acts as a scaffold to which the appropriate amino acids attach to form a protein molecule. Rather than being a language containing words which each have a meaning, DNA is more like a jig or framework which allows a specific molecule of mRNA, and subsequently a specific protein sequence, to be assembled on it. In effect the information is the sequence of chemical reactions which that length of DNA will catalyse. Given the huge number of useless protein molecules which could be formed and the complexity of even a simple protein such as haemoglobin, this sequence could not have evolved by natural selection as the odds against the initial organism having a functional protein are too great.
# The development of feathers, which could not have conceivably "grown" from the scales of reptiles or any other known structure.<ref>http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/40/4/687.pdf</ref><ref>[http://palaeoblog.blogspot.com/2008/02/early-evolution-of-feathers.html]</ref>[[File:Autumn.jpg|292px|right|thumbnail|The beauty of [[God]]'s [[creation]], such as [[autumn]] foliage, cannot adequately be explained through the evolutionary [[paradigm]]. See: [[Argument from beauty]]

([https://www.flickr.com/photos/universalpops/5236103680/ Flickr] picture, see:'' [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en license agreement])]]
# Humans exhibit behaviors such as performing [[science]], creating [[art]] and [[music]], [[dance|dancing]], and a number of other intellectual and artistic behaviors which could not have been produced by random mutations. There is no known evolutionary reason why these should be favored.
# Trematode parasites, like many other kinds, lack a plausible evolutionary phylogeny, though they can easily be explained by a teleological design.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/36/36_4/trematodes.html</ref>
# Evolution cannot explain the many complex sex-determining systems. For example, in most mammals, females have two identical sex chromosomes (XX in this case) whereas males two different ones (XY.) However in birds, reptiles, many insects, and other organisms, the situation is reversed to where the male has two identical sex chromosomes and the female has two different ones; for example male birds have a ZZ chromosome pair and females ZW. No evolutionist has proposed a mechanism by which mammals could have a different sex chromosome system from the reptile ancestors they allegedly share with birds. In fact, many evolutionists admit that the XY and ZW chromosomal systems could not have shared a common origin.<ref>Ellegren, Hans (2011-03-01). "Sex-chromosome evolution: recent progress and the influence of male and female heterogamety". Nature Reviews Genetics. 12 (3): 157–166. doi:10.1038/nrg2948. ISSN 1471-0056. PMID 21301475. S2CID 21098648</ref>
# As alluded to above, evolution requires that random mutations cause one [[kind]] to change into another, but this has never been observed.
# The existence of two symmetrical kidneys, which are unnecessary in most people, lacks a plausible evolutionary explanation based on functionality alone. Because evolution falsehoods mislead most people into thinking they need their second kidney, "the average waiting time for the organs from a deceased donor in the United States is five years" and "3,916 patients waiting for a kidney in 2006 died before one became available."<ref>[http://www.scienceline.org/2009/03/04/levitan-health-living-kidney-donor-transplant/] This article observes, "As a recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found, living kidney donors live as long or longer and enjoy better quality of life than the general population."</ref>
#Thousands of years of intense selective breeding should have produced a new wolf species from domesticated dogs, yet dogs and wolves remain the same species.

===Maladaptation===

# Inability to account for widely observed altruism among animals, as it ''reduces'' an animal's ability to survive. “The existence of altruism between different species — which is not uncommon — remains an obstinate enigma.”<ref>[http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes12.html ''In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood'']</ref> Not surprisingly, many atheist evolutionists have done their utmost to ''deny'' animal altruism.
# The gradual buildup of deleterious mutations in an organism's genome as the species grows older limits the maximum lifespan of a species well under what would be required for evolution. Each generation of humans has far more negative mutations than the posited natural selection can remove. Evolution is thus impossible as species would become nonviable long before they could diverge.<ref>http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7</ref>

===Wrong predictions===
[[Image:Harvester-ants.jpg|thumb|205px|right|Ant behavior is the result of [[intelligent design]]. 19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior. The [[Bible]] was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>]]
# Lack of any demonstrable vestigial parts of the human [[genome]]. While evolutionists often claim that regions of the genome are "[[junk DNA]]" and would not have been placed there by a designer, none have actually shown this to be true, and much so-called "junk DNA" has been shown to be useful.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200302062329/http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/junkdna.html</ref>
# While evolutionists argue that there are examples of "[[argument from poor design|bad design]]" in the bodies of many organisms, such as "flaws" in the human spine and sinus system, evolutionists fail to realize that, by their own theory, natural selection should have removed these things! The simpler explanation, that these represent degeneration from an original, created perfect form, is the superior one. In other words, as [[CreationWiki]] notes, such "flaws" are actually "a result of deterioration, resulting from Man's Fall."<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/Functional_integration_indicates_design_(Talk.Origins) Functional integration indicates design], from [[CreationWiki]]</ref>
# We have the perfect number of [[teeth]] to fit in our [[mouth]]s. While creationism perfectly accounts for that result, evolutionism predicts a contrary result: As our [[face]]s evolved from chimpanzee-like faces to human faces, the shortening of the muzzle would have caused the teeth to become badly overcrowded in the front of the mouth.
# Human fertility is rapidly declining, disproving evolutionary improvement in humans and also suggesting a brief timeline for human existence.
# Evolutionist theory predicts that in the case of [[convergent evolution]], a particular structure such as an eye that evolves in an optimal form in one species can later evolve in a suboptimal form in a different species. No such result has ever been observed.
# Constantly mutating, drug-resistant [[pathogen]]s such as [[MRSA]] have been demonstrated to be the result of devolution rather than evolution.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/PublicStore/product/Genesis-of-Germs-The,5181,224.aspx Genesis of Germs], from [[Answers in Genesis]]</ref> This is the exact opposite of what evolutionary theory predicts.

===Missing fossils===
[[Image:800px-Baleen Whale Physical Characteristics svg.png|right|300px|thumbnail|The remarkable [[whale]], which is a [[mammal]], has no plausible evolutionary ancestor.]]
# "There’s a frustrating lack of fossil evidence from the period when insect flight [supposedly] evolved," which was "long before birds, bats or pterosaurs."<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/insects-wings-how-beetles-evolution-cockroaches-biology-a8309581.html</ref>
# No transitional forms appear for horses, instead different and distinct horse-like animals appear in the fossil record.<ref>[[Ray Comfort]], in the Forward to the 150th anniversary edition of "On the Origin of Species"</ref>
# The enormous gaps and lack of intermediate forms in the [[fossils|fossil]] record, once all the frauds are removed.
# Mammalian fur and body hair. There is no known evolutionary pathway for the development of fur, and no fossil evidence of hair evolving from scales, even though it survives very well.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/40/40_4/Bergman.htm</ref>

=== Irreducible Complexity===
# The extraordinarily long neck of the [[giraffe]]. The giraffe's heart creates immense pressure to drive blood up the neck to the brain. Because of this there are valves in the neck which automatically restrict the blood flow when the giraffe lowers its head to drink. Without these valves the sudden increase in blood pressure as the heart no longer needs to overcome gravity would rupture the arteries in the brain and kill the giraffe. However the giraffe could not have evolved a long neck without the valves and had no need to evolve the valves unless it had a long neck. The okapi, which evolutionists claim is the closest relative of the giraffe, has no such valves. Evolutionary theory cannot explain this.<ref>[http://www1.pacific.edu/~e-buhals/GIRAFFE2.htm]</ref>[[Image:BacterialFlagellum.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[flagellum|Bacterial Flagellum]] with rotary motor, courtesy of Access Research Network (Art Battson)]]
# The development of wings in birds, as intermediary wing stubs would have no use, and be a competitive disadvantage.
# The [[flagellum]] of certain bacteria contain a multi-part cellular motor which fails to function if a single part is removed. This is the classic example of [[irreducible complexity]] as publicised by Professor [[Michael Behe]].<ref>[http://www.millerandlevine.com/km/evol/design2/article.html]</ref> Because the flagellum must have all its parts to function it could not have evolved and therefore must have been designed by an intelligent being. At the [[Kitzmiller vs. Dover Area School District]] trial, Professor [[Ken Miller]] attempted to rebut this argument by pointing out that if 42 parts of the flagellum are removed what remains is a fully functional Type III Secretory System, used by some bacteria to inject toxins into target cells. While Miller's claim is factually accurate, it fails to explain how the T3SS could simultaneously add 42 parts to create a working flagellum.
# The organ and brain development required for retinal imagery require a base level of complexity, making a primitive form useless and impossible under evolution.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/43/43_1/retinal_imagery.htm</ref>
# The [[ear]] contains three tiny [[bone]]s that transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the cochlea.<ref>[http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/bigear.html Neuroscience for Kids: The Ear]</ref> Because of the complicated arrangement of those bones, transitional forms (which have never been found) would have served no purpose. Evolutionists claim that these bones used to form part of the reptilian jaw joint, but no intermediate fossil with half jaw/half ear has ever been found, and there is no way evolutionism can explain how a jaw becomes an ear.
# Bony skeletons represent an example of irreducible complexity, since only a fully formed, complete skeleton is of any use whatsoever, while having only one or some few number of bones in an otherwise invertebrate creature is hardly advantageous. It is inconceivable to think that some random mutation could have resulted in the formation of an entire bone system in a creature which was previously invertebrate.
# "Social insects" such as bees, ants, and termites, which have extremely complex caste systems. Where an insect fits into the system is determined by its diet when young. Evolution requires that the genes for the various castes and the genes for caste-specific behavior all appeared simultaneously. Akin to the concept of [[irreducible complexity]], but on a higher (social) order, this is impossible given random chance. The complex social structure of these insects is evidence of [[intelligent design]]; also, since the overwhelming majority of individuals are workers and do not reproduce, they do not perpetuate their genetic material, as evolutionism claims all living things must do.
#Lungs never would have had to develop unless the animal was already on land, in which case, they would die before reproducing.
#There is no explanation within the theory of evolution through natural selection for the mechanism in which a catapillar turns into a butterfly. Essentially the original animal is broken down and rearranged into a totally different animal, with no similar physical characteristics. This process cannot be explained within the theory, and points to a designer's involvement.
#The [[whale]] is an extraordinarily unique sea-based mammal (see diagram above right), which has no plausible evolutionary ancestor.

===Uncategorized===
# Evolution would result in modern languages having one common ancestral language, and for nearly a century linguists insisted that there must be one. There is not, and linguists now accept that there are completely independent families of languages.
# No other animal exhibits [[religion]]. A far better explanation than random mutations is that humans were given the capacity to be religious by a loving God who wants a relationship with His creations.
# Circadian phenomena—internal 24-hour clock mechanisms of humans and other living beings—defy material explanation. Examples include how some people are unable to change the timing of their need for sleep for each day, and how plants exhibit clock-like behavior regardless of their exposure to sunlight. In addition, there is a weekly clock cycle for many phenomena, which has a clear biblical basis but defies any materialistic explanation.<ref>http://www.biblestudy.org/godsrest/mysterious-seven-day-cycle-in-plants-animals-man-2.html</ref>
# Scientists have found proof that the first chicken came before the first egg,<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/38238685/ns/technology_and_science-science/</ref> consistent with a special creation of chickens but not with a gradual descent with modifications from a proto-chicken and proto-egg.
# Despite the large (and ever increasing) number of breeds of [[dog]]s, and the fact that some purebred lineages of dogs are reproductively isolated from other dogs, no new species of dog has evolved.<ref>https://creation.com/dogs-breeding-dogs</ref>
# Even evolutionist studies have shown (despite the dating errors) that the vast majority of species on Earth arose around the same time and that genetic boundaries exist between the various animal kinds.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hood, Marlowe (May 28, 2018). [https://phys.org/news/2018-05-gene-survey-reveals-facets-evolution.html Sweeping gene survey reveals new facets of evolution]. ''Phys.org''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Ham, Ken (June 7, 2018). [https://answersingenesis.org/natural-selection/speciation/study-90-percent-of-species-have-recent-origin/ Study: 90% of Species Have a Recent Origin]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Davis, Billy; Jordahl, Steve (May 31, 2018). [https://www.onenewsnow.com/science-tech/2018/05/31/when-your-dna-research-pokes-holes-in-darwin When your DNA research pokes holes in Darwin]. ''OneNewsNow''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.</ref>
# Evolutionist studies have found that all male humans have the same Y-[[chromosome]] while females have greater chromosomal diversity.<ref>Stanford University. "Wars and clan structure may explain a strange biological event 7,000 years ago." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 29 May 2018. < https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180529185356.htm >.</ref> This is in line with the Genesis account, which shows that only Noah's Y-chromosome lineage survived the flood, being passed along to his sons and beyond, while seven or eight x-chromosome lineages survived.<ref>Cater, Robert W. (May 11, 2010). [https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics Adam, Eve and Noah vs Modern Genetics]. ''Creation Ministries International'. Retrieved June 16, 2018.</ref>

== Question evolution! campaign ==
[[Image:Carl weiland.jpg|thumbnail|150px|right|Dr. [[Carl Wieland]] was the founder of [[Creation Ministries International]] ]]
''See also:'' [[Question evolution! campaign]]

Since [[World War II]] a majority of the most prominent and vocal defenders of the [[evolution|theory of evolution]] which employs [[methodological naturalism]] have been atheists.<ref>
* Dr. Don Batten,[http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/737/ A ''Who’s Who'' of evolutionists] ''Creation'' 20(1):32, December 1997.
* [[Jonathan Sarfati]], Ph.D.,F.M., [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3830 ''Refuting Evolution'', Chapter 1, Facts and Bias]
</ref> In 2011, a campaign called the [[Question evolution! campaign]] was launched by the [[Bible|biblical]] [[creation]] organization [[Creation Ministries International]] which is a worldwide "[[grassroots|grass-roots]] movement to challenge the anti-[[Christianity|Christian]] [[dogma]] of [[evolution]]".<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign]</ref> The focus of the Question evolution! campaign is on "15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer."<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign]</ref> The 15 questions posed to evolutionists (and undecided individuals) can be found [https://creation.com/15-questions HERE]

== Logical Conclusion ==
As scientific theories require that their laws be immutable, the existence of merely one counterexample disproves the truth of the rule. Thus, if evolution fails to account for any one of these items (or countless others), it must be discarded.
{{evolution}}
{{Counterexamples}}

== See also ==

*[[Atheism]]
*[[Evolution and atheism]]
*[[Creation vs. Evolution Videos]]
*[[Logic of possibility]]
*[[Postmodern science]]
*[[Counterexamples to Materialism]]

== External links ==
*[https://creation.com/ Creation Ministries International]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Counterexamples]]
[[Category:Evolution]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-11-21T22:35:41Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Ketuvim */ elaboration on amestris

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
* Modern geneticists scoffed at the idea that the Bible was correct in that all of the [[Kohanim]] are descendants of [[Aaron]], as stated in [https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0228.htm#1 [Exodus 28:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Ostrer H |title=Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-537961-7 |pages=97, 96–101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT69 |quote=This finding generated considerable excitement, because it was taken as evidence of the fidelity of an oral tradition extending over millennia... it has been discovered this Y-chromosomal set of markers is not unique to Jewish men... this record refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times... Y-chromosomal analysis of Levites has demonstrated multiple origins that depend on the Diaspora community from which they came—they are not all the descendants of tribal founder Levi.}}
</ref> In more recent times, evidence has shown that Kohanim share close genetic links that do not exist in non-Kohanim Jewish or non-Jewish populations.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Behar DM, Saag L, Karmin M, Gover MG, Wexler JD, Sanchez LF, Greenspan E, Kushniarevich A, Davydenko O, Sahakyan H, Yepiskoposyan L, Boattini A, Sarno S, Pagani L, Carmi S, Tzur S, Metspalu E, Bormans C, Skorecki K, Metspalu M, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' Y chromosome | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 14969 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 29097670 | pmc = 5668307 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7 | quote = Remarkably, the five Ashkenazi Cohen samples formed the tight cluster J1b-B877, shared only with one Yemenite, one Bulgarian and one Moroccan Cohen coalescing ~2,570 ybp (Table 1). | bibcode = 2017NatSR...714969B }}
</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sahakyan H, Margaryan A, Saag L, Karmin M, Flores R, Haber M, Kushniarevich A, Khachatryan Z, Bahmanimehr A, Parik J, Karafet T, Yunusbayev B, Reisberg T, Solnik A, Metspalu E, Hovhannisyan A, Khusnutdinova EK, Behar DM, Metspalu M, Yepiskoposyan L, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = Origin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267 | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 6659 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33758277 | pmc = 7987999 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-021-85883-2 | bibcode = 2021NatSR..11.6659S | quote = Another sub-branch—J1a1a1a1a1a1a2-B877—is specific to the Jewish Cohens [...] Its TMRCA of ~ 3.2 kya (95% HPD = 2.4–4.0 kya) overlaps with the previous estimate.}}</ref>
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*The "black and beautiful" as described in [[Song of Songs]] at [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16445/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v5 [Song of Songs 1:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] was ambiguous to Western and Middle Eastern thinkers for a long time, but following restablishment of contact with the Ethiopian Beta Israel, it has been theorized that the "black and beautiful" is a reference to the [[Queen of Sheba]], who visited [[King Solomon]] according to Ethiopian historical accounts.<ref>{{cite book |title=The complete guide to the Bible |last=Miller |first=Stephan M. |page=175}}</ref> In the [[2 Chronicles 1-9 (Translated)|second book of Chronicles]], it is stated that she shared royal gifts with Solomon. The 14th century Ethiopic work ''Kebra Nagast'', it is stated that her son, the offspring of Solomon, visited him as an adult and Solomon acknowledged him as his rightful son.
*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
* A specific part of the Book of Esther discusses how Esther sentenced men to death who attempted to kill the Jews of the Persian Empire. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16482/showrashi/true/jewish/Chapter-9.htm#v13 [Esther 9:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>] This lines up remarkably closely with [[Herodotus|Herodotus]]'s account of Amestris (pronounced am-ESTR-IS), wife of Xerxes, who had been recorded to have the power to give the death penalty to enemies of her family.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther, Mordecai & Ahasuerus in Archaeology |url=https://www.biblehistory.net/newsletter/Esther-Mordecai.htm |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.biblehistory.net}}</ref> Admittedly, there is no written historical records of Persian history about the set period until after Herodotus's time, which may explain the lack of a more concrete outside evidence of the events that took place in the Book.<ref>{{Cite web |title=If Achashverosh is Xerxes, is Esther his Wife Amestris? - TheTorah.com |url=https://www.thetorah.com/article/if-achashverosh-is-xerxes-is-esther-his-wife-amestris |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=www.thetorah.com}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Tower of Babel

2023-11-09T19:52:20Z

Ethan Parmet:

[[Image:Brueghel-tower-of-babel.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The Tower of Babel'' by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]

The '''Tower of Babel''' (Hebrew: מגדל, ''mighdal'', 'tower'; בָּבֶל, ''bāḇel'', Babel), located in ancient [[Babylon]],<ref>[[Berossus the Chaldean]], ''Babylonika'' see entirety of fragment above in section '"in Berossus' ''Babylonika'' Fragment"
</ref> was the tallest brick building ever constructed in recorded history; which according to [[Josephus]] was initiated by [[Nimrod]].<ref>Josephus, ''Antiquities of the Jews'', 1.4.2</ref> Built in the [[ziggurat]] style, it was later repurposed to be the Temple of Bel [[Marduk]], the father of the gods in [[Babylon]]. Multiple religious persuasions teach that the tower was built by the descendants of [[Noah]] relatively shortly after the [[Great Flood|Flood]] as in {{bible ref|Genesis|11|1-9}}, so that its "top may reach unto heaven."

It is commonly asserted by adherents to both the [[Genesis|Biblical]] account and by adherents to the ancient [[pagan]] historians<ref>[[Berossus the Chaldean]]</ref>, that the ''Tower of Babel'' story provides an explanation to fundamental mysteries that [[atheistic]] science has been unable to solve, namely:
* the different languages today that lack a common origin, and
* the immense diversity in ethnicity.

=Etymology=
==in Hebrew==
In the Hebrew, בָּבֶל, '''''bāḇel''''' which occurs in {{bible ref|Genesis|11|1-9}} is ''transliterated'' directly as "'''Babel'''", but while the word occurs many times thereafter in the [[Old Testament]], it is always ''translated'' in every other successive account as "'''Babylon'''". The question that now remains is if the place name came to take a reduplicate form of the word for 'confusion' (בָּלַל, '''''bālal''''', “'''to confuse''',” "'''mix'''", "'''mingle''',”) or if 'confusion' took on a reduplicated derivative of 'Babylon'? In answer to this question, Genesis 11:9<ref>Genesis 11:9, https://www.blueletterbible.org/kjv/gen/11/1/t_conc_11009</ref> does indicate that the place was named after the existing vocabulary for 'mixing', בָּלַל, ''bālal'' as a play on the existing place name.

It must also be noted that the common English term of 'The Tower of Babel' does not ever appear as such in the [[Genesis|Book of Genesis]]. ''But if it did'', the term of '''''Tower''''', in [[Hebrew]] of מגדל, ''mighdal'', translates most directly as '''''Watchtower'''''. If one adds ''the definite article'' of ''the'' in front of ''mighdal'' (without context), the most natural translation would be a reference to the most significant occurrence: namely that of the '''Tower of Babel'''.

==in Babylonian==
It must be noted that in Babylonia the folk-etymology knew the place as '''''Bâb-îli''''' (''-îlāni''), ''''gate of god'''' or ''''of the gods''''; sharing the same meaning as the Sumero-Akkadian form ''Ka-dingira''. It is however noteworthy, that one of the forms used by [[Nebuchadrezzar II]] is ''Babilam'', which manifests the classic Babylonian linguistic mimmation of placing an 'm' sound at the end of words. Moreover, a place-name ''Babalam'' also occurs, which may be a still earlier, and possibly the original, form. Notwithstanding that one would like to see in ''Babalam'', “the place of bringing together,” and in ''Babilam'', “the bringer together,” the termination ''-am'' would seem to be an insurmountable difficulty.

=Location=
[[Image:Fotobabiloniaa.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Archaeological reconstruction of the ziggurat ''Etemenanki'' at Babylon.]]
There has been much difference of opinion as to the geographical position of the Tower of Babel. Most writers upon the subject, following the tradition handed down by the Jews and Arabs, have identified it with the great Temple of Nebo in the city of [[Borsippa]], now called the ''Birs-Nimroud'' (explained as a corruption of ''Birj Nimroud'', “Tower of Nimrod”). Although an important religious structure to the Babylonians, it was never regarded by them as the actual tower. The great tower they referred to was located within Babylon and called ''Ê-temen-ana-ki'', “the Temple of the foundation of heaven and earth,” called by [[Nabopolassar]] and Nebuchadrezzar ''ziqqurat Bâbîli'', “the Tower of Babylon” - the world-renowned temple dedicated to Merodach and his consort Zēr-panîtum, Babylon's chief deities.

==Its Position at Babylon==
This structure was situated in the southern portion of the city, not far from the right bank of the Euphrates, and is now represented by a depression within which is the original rectangular core of unbaked brick. From its shape the Arabs have called this site Sahan, “the dish,” as the bricks of the structure (unlike other ziggurats which were built of dried mud-brick, Etemenanki was built of fired brick) were stripped in favor of other structures or to repair the banks of the Hindiyeh canal.
=As Seen in Different Sources=
==in the Bible==
The Tower of Babel is first mentioned in the Book of Genesis as the first great rebellion by mankind after the Flood; instead of spreading across the earth, they settled together in the land of Shinar and built a city and a great tower out of baked bricks in order to make a name for themselves:<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Tower_of_Babel</ref>
:''And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.''
:''And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.''
:''And they said one to another, Come, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and bitumen had they for mortar.''
:''And they said, Come, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.''
:''And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men built.''
:''And the LORD said, Behold, the people are one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.''
:''Come, let us go down, and there confuse their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.''
:''So the LORD scattered them abroad from there upon the face of all the earth: and they left off building the city.''
:''Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confuse the language of all the earth: and from there did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth. (Genesis 11:1-9, King James Version)''

==Berossus' ''Babylonika'' Fragment==
"They say that the first inhabitants of the earth, glorying in their own strength and size, and despising the gods, undertook to raise a tower whose top should reach the sky, where Babylon now stands: but when it approached the heaven, the winds assisted the gods, and overturned the work upon its contrivers: and its ruins are said to be at Babylon: and the gods introduced a diversity of tongues among men, who till that time had all spoken the same language: and a war arose between Cronus and Titan: but the place in which they built the tower is now called Babylon, on account of the confusion of the tongues; for confusion is by the Hebrews called Babel."
(taken from the public domain and as recorded in I.P. Cory's ''The Ancient Fragments'', William Pickering, 1828)

=General Form of Babylonian Temple-Towers=
[[Image:ZigguratUrreconstr.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Fanciful reconstruction of the ziggurat at Ur, based on archaeological evidence around 1900.]]
There was a great difference, however, between the ''mighdōl'' or watchtower, and the great Tower at [[Babylon]]. The watchtower was simply a high structure, probably without any special shape or form, which depended upon the will of the architect and the nature of the ground upon which it was erected. The Tower of Babel or Babylon was a structure peculiar to Babylonia and [[Assyria]]. According to ancient accounts as well as judging from the ruins of the various remains extant in those countries, Babylonian temple towers were square or rectangular in shape; they were built upward in stages, and provided with a stairway along each side to the top. These structures were finished with a small temple at its peak for religious ceremonies.

These buildings were called by the Babylonians ''ziqqurātu'' (Modern English: "ziggurat"), apparently meaning “peak,” or the highest point of a mountain; this word being applied to the mountain-height upon which Ut-napishtim, the Babylonian Noah of the Gilgamesh saga, offered sacrifices on coming forth from the ark (or ship) when the waters of the great Flood had sufficiently subsided. It has also been conjectured that they were used as observatories when the Babylonians studied the starry heavens. While the ziggurats were of no great height, sufficient height would be needed to surmount the evening smoke that would linger over the city as the nights cooking, light and heating needs filled the air with smoke that was pressed near the ground by the evening's cool air. Doubtless rising above the evening's dull warm glow of light pollution (partially shrouded in smoke) also gave a clearer view of the stellar heavens as they practiced simultaneously the art of Astronomy and the imposition of Astrology thereon.

==Babylonian Description of the Tower==
Etemenanki consisted of six stages built upon a platform, and provided with a sanctuary at the top. A tablet seemingly giving a detailed description of this building was for a time in the hands of archaeologist George Smith in 1876; however he had not time to give a translation of the document or to publish the text, but his detailed account of it (''Athenaeum'', February 12, 1876) is exceedingly interesting.

First there was the outer court called the “grand court,” measuring, according to Smith's estimate, 1,156 ft. by 900 ft., and a smaller one, called “the court of Ishtar and Zagaga,” 1,056 ft. by 450 ft. Round the court were six gates admitting to the temples: (1) The grand gate; (2) The gate of the rising sun (east); (3) The great gate; (4) The gate of the colossi; (5) The gate of the canal; and (6) The gate of the tower-view.

==Platform==
After this came a space or platform apparently walled - a ''ki-gallu'' square in form, and measuring 3 ku each way. Its size is doubtful, as the value of the ku is unknown. The sides of this enclosure faced the cardinal points. In its walls were four gates, one on each side, and named from the points toward which they looked. Within this enclosure stood a large building measuring 10 ''gar'' (according to Smith, a ''gar'' is 20 feet; 10 ''gar'' = 200 ft.) each way. Unfortunately, the name of this structure was damaged, so that its nature and use are uncertain.

==Chapels and Shrines==
Round the base of the Tower were small temples or chapels dedicated to the various gods of the Babylonians. On the East were 16 shrines, the principal of them being dedicated to Nebo and Tašmêtu, his spouse; on the North were two temples dedicated to Êa. (Aê) and Nusku respectively; on the South was a single temple to the two great gods, Anu and Bel (Enlil?). It was on the West, however, that the principal buildings lay - a double house with a court between the wings 35 cubits (Smith: 58 ft.) wide. These two wings were not alike in dimensions, the structure on one side being 100 cubits by 20 (166 ft. by 34 ft.) and on the other 100 cubits by 65 (166 ft. by 108 ft.). In these western chambers stood the couch of the god, and the golden throne mentioned by [[Herodotus]], with other objects of great value. The couch was stated to have measured 9 cubits by 4 (15 ft. by 6 feet 8 inches).

==The First Stage==
In the center of these groups of buildings stood the great Tower in stages, called by the Babylonians “the Tower of Babel” (''ziqqurat Bâbîli''). The stages decreased from the lowest upward, but each was square in plan. The first or foundation-stage was 15 gar each way by 5 1/2 gar high (300 ft. by 110 ft. high), and seems to have been decorated with the usual double recesses which are a characteristic of Assyr-Bab architecture.

==The Remaining Stages==
The second stage was 13 gar square and 3 gar high (260 ft. by 60 ft.). A term was applied to it which Smith did not understand, but he notes that it probably had sloping sides. The stages from the 3rd to the 5th were all of equal height, namely, 1 gar (20 ft.), and were respectively 10 gar (200 ft.), 8 1/3 gar (170 ft.) and 7 gar (140 ft.) square. The dimensions of the 6th stage were omitted, but may be restored in accordance with the others, namely, 5 1/2 gar square (110 ft.) by 1 gar (20 ft.) high.

==The Chapel at the Top==
On this was raised the 7th stage or the upper temple or sanctuary of the god Bel-Merodach, 4 gar long, 3 1/2 gar broad and 2 1/2 gar high (80 ft., 60 ft., and 50 ft., respectively). Smith did not mention the statue of the god, but it was conjectured that the chapel did contain one. The total height of the tower from foundation to chapel was 15 gar (300 ft.), the same as the breadth of its base. It cannot be said that it was by any means a beautiful building, but there was probably some symbolism in its measurements, and in appearance it probably resembled (except the decoration) the temple tower of Calah as restored in the frontispiece to Layard's Monuments of [[Nineveh]], 1st series, in which a step-pyramid with a similarly highbasement stage is shown.

==Herodotus' Description==
The description of the tower as given by [[Herodotus]] agrees. He states that it was a temple square in form, two furlongs (1, 213 ft.) each way, in the midst of which was built a solid tower a furlong square (nearly 607 ft.). This, however, must have been the platform, which, with the six stages and the chapel on the top, would make up the total of eight stages of which Herodotus speaks. The ascent by which the top was reached he describes as running “outside round about all the towers” - wording which suggests, although not necessarily, that it was spiral in design - i.e. one had to walk round the structure 7 times to reach the top. Representations on Babylonian boundary-stones suggest that this view would be correct, though a symmetrical arrangement of inclined paths might have been constructed which would have greatly improved the design. At the middle of the ascent, Herodotus says, there was a stopping-place with seats to rest upon, which rather favors this idea. At the top of the last tower there was a large cell, and in the cell a large couch was laid, well covered; and by it a golden table. There was no image there, nor did any human being spend the night there, except only a woman of the natives of the place chosen by the god, “as say the Chaldeans who are the priests of this god.” These men told Herodotus that the god often came to the cell, and rested upon the couch, “but,” he adds, “I do not believe them.” After mentioning parallels to this at Egyptian Thebes and Patam in Lycia, he goes on to speak of another cell below (that referred to in G. Smith's tablet) wherein was a great image of Zeus (Bel-Merodach) sitting, with a footstool and a large table, all of gold, and weighing no less than 800 talents. Outside of this cell was an altar to the god, made of gold; and also another altar, whereon full-grown animals were sacrificed, the golden altar being for sucklings only. The Chaldeans also told him that there was, in the precincts of the building, a statue 12 cubits high, and of solid gold. Darius Hystaspis desired to take possession of this valuable object, but did not venture. His son Xerxes, however, was not so considerate of the feelings of the people and the priesthood, for he also killed the priest when he forbade him to meddle with it.

=The Builders of the Tower=
[[Image:Etemenanki.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Remains of Etemenanki today.]]
The Bible record does not state who the people were who journeyed in the East and built the city and the Tower. The indefinite “they” might be taken to mean whatever people were there at the time the record was written, and probably presupposes that the reader would certainly know. As the Tower of Babel bears, in the native inscriptions, a Sumero-Akkadian name, it may be supposed that the builders referred to belonged to that race.

=Traditions Concerning Its Destruction=
It is noteworthy that nothing is said in Genesis concerning the stopping of work on the tower, though they ceased to build the city. A Jewish tradition tells of the tower to have been split through to its foundation by fire which fell from heaven - suggested probably by the condition of the tower at “the second Babylon,” i.e. the ''Birs Nimroud''. Another tradition, recorded by [[Eusebius]] (Prep. Evang., ix; Chronicon, 13; Syncel. Chron., 44) makes it to have been blown down by the winds; “but when it approached the heavens, the winds assisted the gods, and overturned the work upon its contrivers: and the gods introduced a diversity of tongues among men, who, until that time, had all spoken the same language.”

==The Ultimate Destruction of the Tower==
That the building of the city would have been stopped when the confusion of tongues took place is natural - the departure of the greater part of the inhabitants made this inevitable. When the population increased again, the building of the city was continued, with the result that Babylon ultimately became the greatest city of then known world. The Tower remained on the site unfinished until the completion of the city; when its condition became ruinous several times, some energetic Babylonian king would restore it. Alexander the Great began clearing away the rubbish to rebuild the great temple of “bclus” (Bel-Merodach) connected with it and there is hardly any doubt that the Tower would have been restored likewise, but the untimely death of Alexander and the deficient mental caliber of his successors put an end to the work. The Tower therefore remained unrepaired - “The tower was exceedingly tall. The third part of it sank down into the ground, a second third was burned down, and the remaining third was standing until the time of the destruction of Babylon” (Rabbi Yēhānān, Sanhedhrīn, 109, 1).

==Other Non-Biblical references==

The Tower of Babel is mentioned in a number of other [[Apocrypha]]l and [[Pseudepigrapha|Pseudepigraphical]] texts, notably the [[Ethiopia]]n Book of Jubilees, and also in Rabbinic literature. A similar tale appears in the [[Koran]], and a number of other cultures have similar stories.<ref name="christiananswers">http://www.christiananswers.net/q-abr/confusionoflanguages.html</ref>

Today one can visit the [[Cahokia Mounds]] in Southern [[Illinois]], as built by [[Native Americans]] long before [[Christopher Columbus]]'s voyages. They appear to have some similarities to the Tower of Babel.

== Brick and Stone significance ==

Several authors have interpreted the repeated use of brick and stone as a metaphor for the evils of socialism<ref>[https://tammybruce.com/2007/03/europe_versus_god.html Europe Versus God]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=BkX2BgAAQBAJ&pg=PT62 Was Jesus a Socialist or a Capitalist?]</ref><ref>[https://rabbidaniellapin.com/is-the-word-bricks-a-code-word-in-the-bible/ Is the word ‘bricks’ a code word in the Bible?]</ref> and thus, the story of the Tower of Babel also serves as a warning against collectivism. In centralized planned economies, everybody is to be treated exactly the same, which makes everybody into bricks instead of being unique stones and having an individual place in God's plan.

Rabbi Daniel Lapin argues that [[Nimrod]] was the first socialist and attempted to set up the first socialist utopia.<ref>[http://acahnman.blogspot.com/2012/12/rabbi-daniel-lapin-moral-goodness-of.html Rabbi Daniel Lapin: The Moral Goodness of Free Enterprise]</ref>

=Linguistic evidence=
Some Christian sources<ref name="christiananswers"/> cite 18th and 19th century observations from the field of comparative historical linguistics showing belief that all languages originated in a single language spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. Some modern linguists now trace a number of language families to languages believed to be reconstructed at the time of the earliest known human civilizations or possibly before.<ref name="mcwhorter">John McWhorter. The Power of Babel.</ref> The Tower of Babel would have predated all known human civilizations outside of the area around modern Iraq. Linguists today are aware it is difficult to reconstruct the mother language for which there is no direct evidence apart from working with daughter tongues that have come down over time.<ref name="mcwhorter"/><ref>[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/003036.html Language Log.]</ref>

To support the Biblical account, the [[Creation Museum]] in Kentucky reports the following:
<blockquote>The Bible claims that God created a number of human languages at the Tower of Babel "according to their families." Nineteenth-century linguists argued that languages evolved slowly, one by one. Today, linguists recognize languages fall into distinct "families" of recent origin.<ref name="langlog2">[http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/004667.html#more Language Log.]</ref></blockquote>

Since the 1950s in the field of linguistics based upon an evolutionary worldview, there has been a belief that human language has a partially biological origin.<ref name="mcwhorter"/><ref>Steven Pinker. The Language Instinct.</ref><ref>Ronald Wardaugh. Investigating Language: Central Problems in Linguistics.</ref><ref>Frederick J. Newmeyer. Linguistic Theory in America.</ref> If this hypothesis is correct, from the evolutionary perspective, then the original language (or languages) may have been spoken about 150,000 years ago.

''Text based in part on the 1913 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, a work in the public domain.''

= References =
<references/>

== External links ==
*[http://www.christiananswers.net/q-abr/confusionoflanguages.html Is there any reference to the confusion of languages at Babel in early Mesopotamian literature?]
*[http://www.christiananswers.net/q-abr/abr-a021.html Is there archaeological evidence of the Tower of Babel?]
*[http://www.christiancourier.com/archives/babel.htm The Tower of Babel – Legend or History?]
*[http://www.towerofbabel.info The Encyclopedia of Babel]

==Further reading==
*Hodge, Bodie (2013). ''Tower of Babel: The Cultural History of Our Ancestors''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890517154.

==See also==
* [[Tallest buildings in the world]]
* [[Nimrod]]
* [[Semiramis]]

[[Category:Biblical Places]]

Counterexamples to the Bible

2023-11-09T19:50:56Z

Ethan Parmet: formalized citations

There are '''''no''''' Counterexamples to the Bible. This is in contrast with:

*65 [[Counterexamples to an Old Earth]]
*54 [[Counterexamples to Evolution]]
*52 [[Counterexamples to Relativity]]
*5 [[Counterexamples to an Ice Age]]
*3 [[Counterexamples to String Theory]]
*Numerous [[Counterexamples to Global Warming]] (article not organized the same way)

Opponents of the teachings of the [[Bible]] have tried mightily to prove statements in it to be false, but every attempt has failed. In a highly quoted passage Professor Bernard Ramm wrote in his work ''[[Protestant]] evidences'' concerning the Bible:
{{Cquote|Jews preserved it as no other manuscript has ever been preserved. With their massora they kept tabs on every letter, syllable, word and paragraph. They had special classes of men within their culture whose sole duty was to preserve and transmit these documents with practically perfect fidelity – scribes, [[lawyer]]s, masoretes.

In regard to the New Testament, there are about 13,000 manuscripts, complete and incomplete, in [[Greek language|Greek]] and other languages, that have survived from antiquity.

A thousand times over, the death knell of the Bible has been sounded, the funeral procession formed, the inscription cut on the tombstone, and committal read. But somehow the corpse never stays put. No other book has been so chopped, knifed, sifted, scrutinized, and vilified. What book on philosophy or religion or psychology or belles lettres of classical or modern times has been subject to such a mass attack as the Bible? With such venom and skepticism? With such thoroughness and erudition? Upon every chapter, line and tenet?

The Bible is still loved by millions, read by millions, and studied by millions."<ref>Bernard Ramm, Protestant evidences</ref>}}

Here is a growing list of disproved counterexamples:

*that the wall of [[Jericho]] described in the Bible never existed and that people did not live there as described in the [[Old Testament]]; 19th century archaeologists could not find evidence of that civilization in the biblical time period.
::''Disproof'': archaeologist John Garstang discovered an intricate (collapsed) wall of Jericho during digging in 1930-36.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*that [[Pontius Pilate]], described in the Bible as a Judean Roman Prefect who ordered the [[Crucifixion]] of [[Jesus]], never held that powerful position.
::''Disproof'': archeologists excavating an ancient amphitheater in Palestine discovered in 1961 a massive limestone having the inscription, "Pontius Pilate, Prefect of Judea."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeology and Pontius Pilate |url=http://www.bible-history.com/pontius_pilate/pilateArchaeology.htm |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://archive.li/N8dgc |archive-date=2013-06-21 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=bible-history.com}}</ref>
*that there was only weak evidence for the existence of the high priest Caiaphas, who according to the [[New Testament]] turned Jesus over to Pilate for [[Crucifixion]]
::''Disproof'': in 1990, archaeologists discovered a burial cave dating from around 50 A.D., only 20 years after the Crucifixion, which contained a stone ossuary engraved with his formal name "Jehosaph son of Caiapha."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-14 |title=Caiaphas Ossuary |url=https://dannythedigger.com/caiaphas-ossuary/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Danny The Digger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*that the Hittites—mentioned more than 50 times in the Old Testament, did not exist because no trace of this ancient civilization could be found for many years.
::''Disproof'': Archeological discoveries in the 19th and 20th centuries proved that the Hittites existed as the Bible describes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref>
*that theories of modern physics proved there was no creation, and thus the [[Genesis]] account could not possibly be correct.
::''Disproof'': the Catholic priest [[Georges-Henri Lemaitre]] proved, against the resistance of anti-[[Bible]] scientists, that modern theories of physics themselves required the occurrence of a singular creation; this was first ridiculed with the term [[Big Bang]] but then later accepted by the [[atheists]].
*that the pool of Siloam described in John 9:7, where Jesus restored sight to a blind man and told him to wash the mud from his eyes, and the pool of Bethesda with five covered colonnades, also described in John, did not exist because no one had previously found them.
::''Disproof'': the pool of Bethesda was discovered in 1957-62, just as described in the Gospel of John with the five covered colonnades, and the pool of Siloam was also discovered, in 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dickson |first=John |title=Why is there so little evidence for Jesus? |url=http://www.publicchristianity.org/jesusevidence.html |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827215744/http://www.publicchristianity.org/jesusevidence.html |archive-date=2008-08-27 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=publicchristianity.org}}</ref>
*that a census could not have occurred around 6 B.C., shortly after Jesus's birth, as described in the [[Gospel of Luke]].
::''Disproof'': In 1912, W.M. Ramsey discovered a fragment proving that a new seat of government was established in Syria, which included Palestine, between 10 and 7 B.C., which would have necessitated one or more censuses shortly thereafter. There is additional evidence of a census in Palestine at this time in the writings of Tertullian.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY AND THE NEW TESTAMENT |url=http://www.historian.net/NTHX.html |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=www.historian.net}}</ref>
*that [[genetics]] disproves the 30th chapter of [[Genesis]]
::''Disproof'': There is no inconsistency.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160525085455/http://www.tektonics.org/lp/oddgenes.php Does Genesis 30:9 teach "magical genetics"?] from [[Tektonics]]</ref>
*that the Bible incorrectly states the number of feet on an insect
::''Disproof'': Once the meaning of "leg" is correctly understood, it is seen that the Bible is right.<ref>[http://www.tektonics.org/af/buglegs.html Is the Bible wrong about insects having "four feet"?] from [[Tektonics]]</ref>
*that [[biblical inerrancy]] does not hold true because in James 5:12, as well as during Jesus's [[Sermon on the Mount]] in Matthew 5:33-37, swearing oaths are forbidden, but elsewhere in the Bible prominent figures take such oaths (Paul in 2 Cor. 1:23 and Gal. 1:20, and Jesus himself in Matthew 26:63)
::''Disproof'': The passages in James and in Jesus's Sermon on the Mount refer to a different kind of swearing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Wayne |title=Is Taking an Oath in Court or Reciting the Pledge of Allegiance Forbidden? |url=https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/270-is-taking-an-oath-in-court-forbidden |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210822183513/https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/270-is-taking-an-oath-in-court-forbidden |archive-date=2021-08-22 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=christiancourier.com}}</ref>

(add to list)

== See also ==
*[[Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]

== References ==
<references/>

{{Counterexamples}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Counterexamples]]

Counterexamples to Evolution

2023-11-09T01:55:35Z

Ethan Parmet: converted bare urls

[[File:Question-Evolution-Campaign.jpg|thumbnail|250px|right|The [[Question evolution! campaign]] by [[Creation Ministries International]] is a worldwide campaign which poses 15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer.<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign] by [[Creation Ministries International]]</ref> The 15 questions posed to evolutionists can be found [https://creation.com/15-questions HERE] ]]
The [[theory of evolution]] does not permit the existence of any counterexamples. '''If any one of the 54 counterexamples listed below is correct, then the theory of evolution fails'''. Moreover, even if there is merely a 10% chance that each of these counterexamples is correct (and the odds are far higher than that<ref>Many of the counterexamples are indisputable, rendering each of their probabilities of being correct nearly 100%.</ref>), then the '''''probability that the theory of evolution is false is more than 99%'''''.
==Counterexamples==
===Logical examples===
# Evolution cannot explain artistic beauty, such as brilliant autumn foliage and the staggering array of beautiful marine fish, which originated before any human to view them. "[[Natural selection]] has no reason to produce beauty," Ann Gauger says in ''Metamorphosis'' about a principle that applies to flowers as well as butterflies. "Beauty is a sign of the transcendent. It's purely gratuitous. We all recognize it. We just have to acknowledge what it points to."<ref>[http://www.evolutionnews.org/2016/03/baroque_botany102711.html Baroque Botany: Elaborate but Functional]</ref> See: [[Argument from beauty]].
# The current annual rate of extinction of species far exceeds any plausible rate of generation of species. Expanding the amount of time for evolution to occur makes evolution even ''less'' likely.
# The [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]] establishes that everything in the world becomes more disordered over time, in the absence of intelligent intervention. The theory of evolution falsely claims that some systems can become more ordered over time, like an impossible [[perpetual motion machine]]. See: [[Creation Ministries International on the second law of thermodynamics|Evolution and the second law of thermodynamics]] and [[Genetic entropy]]
# Royal Truman and Peter Borger wrote concerning optimization and the genetic code: "The distribution of ‘code quality’ would roughly follow a Gaussian distribution, based on the [[law of large numbers]]. This means that as coding conventions are improved, it would be ever more difficult for natural selection to generate yet better codes."<ref>[https://creation.com/images/pdfs/tj/j21_3/j21_3_84-92.pdf Genetic code optimisation: Part 2] by Royal Truman and Peter Borger</ref>
# More than 70% of Earth is covered with water, devastating flooding is frequent, and a massive ancient flood is historically recorded by every culture. Limestone and fossils exist at the highest peaks of altitude. Yet mammals cannot survive large floods. It is impossible to increase the period of time to permit evolution without also increasing the likelihood of extinction of mammals due to large flooding.
# Evolution cannot explain the lack of genetic diversity among the Homo sapiens species. Were evolution and the Old Earth theory true, the human population would show a much larger genetic variance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-02-15 |title=Descent of Man Theory: Disproved by Molecular Biology |url=http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7 |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106001429/http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7 |archive-date=2019-11-06 |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=godandscience.org}}</ref> Some scientists have stated that a troop of 55 chimpanzees contains more genetic diversity than the entire human race; this would support the idea that all chimps are descended from a relatively large initial population while all humans are descended from a much smaller initial population (two people, perhaps). 80% of all human diversity is found on the African continent, which accords with a human population growing from a small group in the post-Flood Middle East.[[File:Ara macao -on a small bicycle-8.jpg|thumbnail|300px|right|[[Parrot]] feathers are a problem for evolutionists. For more information, please see [https://creation.com/parrot-fashion parrot feathers].]]
# Parsimonious repetition of design elements throughout Creation, e.g. the eye's appearance in remarkably different species. For such complex structures to [[convergent evolution|arise repeatedly via evolution]] is [[statistical impossibility|impossible]], as evolution is an inherently random and historically contingent process.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Does Homology Provide Evidence of Evolutionary Naturalism? |url=https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/evidence/does-homology-provide-evidence-of-evolutionary-naturalism/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Answers in Genesis |language=en}}</ref>
# ''Pleiotropy'', the fact that a change of a single gene can have several different effects, renders the "improvement" of animals by random mutation impossible, as any mutation with a potentially beneficial effect will be coupled with one or more other potentially lethal effects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Creationist Perspective of Beneficial Mutations in Bacteria |url=https://answersingenesis.org/genetics/mutations/a-creationist-perspective-of-beneficial-mutations-in-bacteria/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Answers in Genesis |language=en}}</ref>
# The development of feathers, which could not have conceivably "grown" from the scales of reptiles<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Martin |first=Larry D. |last2=Czerkas |first2=Stephan A. |date=2000-08 |title=The Fossil Record of Feather Evolution in the Mesozoic |url=https://academic.oup.com/icb/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/icb/40.4.687 |journal=American Zoologist |language=en |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=687–694 |doi=10.1093/icb/40.4.687 |issn=0003-1569}}</ref><ref>[http://palaeoblog.blogspot.com/2008/02/early-evolution-of-feathers.html]</ref>
# For evolution to be true, every male dog, cat, horse, elephant, giraffe, fish and bird had to have coincidentally evolved with a female alongside it (over billions of years) with fully evolved compatible reproductive parts and a desire to mate, otherwise the species couldn't keep going.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-03-04 |title=Atheists strategize against book on God |url=https://www.wnd.com/2009/03/90743/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=WND |language=en-US}}</ref>
# There are no historical records of anyone directly observing one major kind of animal evolving into another, which would certainly be something worth writing about. Also, "Why are the (expected) countless millions of transitional fossils missing?"<ref>[https://creation.com/15-questions 15 questions for evolutionists]</ref>
# If evolution were to explain where human beings come from, then every personality type should benefit human life. This is clearly untrue because the world is filled with liars, psychopaths, and murderers. These traits clearly do not benefit humanity.
# If [[homosexuality]] were a result of genetics as many [[liberals]] claim and not [[Homosexuality and choice|a sinful choice]], then evolution should lead to the extinction of [[homosexuality]], yet to this day homosexuality exists among humans. See: [[Causes of Homosexuality|Causes of homosexuality]]
# The Theory of Evolution dictates that all organisms descended from single-celled bacteria. Considering that bacteria are, and always have been, the most successful group of organisms, covering all areas of the globe in some of the most extreme environments, why would it have been advantageous to evolve into organisms that are so much more limited to the environments they can inhabit? Surely, staying as bacteria would be far more advantageous, due to their tolerance of extreme conditions, quick reproduction time, etc.
# Evolution cannot explain why tapeworms exist since parasitism is worse than mutual cooperation. This is because parasitism would mean they will have to destroy their host and have less opportunity to evolve while those that cooperate with other organism will evolve in much faster speed and overtake their cousins.

===Lack of mechanism===
[[Image:Feather image.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[Harvard]] biologist [[Ernst Mayr]] wrote: "It must be admitted, however, that it is a considerable strain on one’s credulity to assume that finely balanced systems such as certain sense organs (the eye of vertebrates, or the bird’s feather) could be improved by random [[mutation]]s."<ref>[http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes9.html Ernst Mayr, Systematics and the Origin of Species (New York: Dover Publications, 1942), p. 296]</ref>]]
# The extraordinary [[animal migration|migration]] patterns of butterflies and birds cannot be explained through naturalistic development, and lack any plausible materialistic explanation.<ref>[[Animal migration]]</ref>
# Evolutionists falsely asserted for centuries that [[corn]] evolved from teosinte, when in fact they have many fundamentally irreconcilable differences;<ref>https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1820997116</ref> there is no plausible evolutionary path of development for [[corn]].
# Evolution does not account for the immense amount of [[information]] in the genome. While there are various definitions of information, and many types have been observed to occur naturally, DNA contains information that is processed to lead to a result predetermined by the content of that information. Strictly speaking it is inaccurate to refer to DNA as a "code" or "language," as many scientists are prone to doing. In fact DNA is more like a template, which produces messenger RNA (mRNA,) a new template with more appropriate bases for protein production. The mRNA essentially acts as a scaffold to which the appropriate amino acids attach to form a protein molecule. Rather than being a language containing words which each have a meaning, DNA is more like a jig or framework which allows a specific molecule of mRNA, and subsequently a specific protein sequence, to be assembled on it. In effect the information is the sequence of chemical reactions which that length of DNA will catalyse. Given the huge number of useless protein molecules which could be formed and the complexity of even a simple protein such as haemoglobin, this sequence could not have evolved by natural selection as the odds against the initial organism having a functional protein are too great.
# The development of feathers, which could not have conceivably "grown" from the scales of reptiles or any other known structure.<ref>http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/40/4/687.pdf</ref><ref>[http://palaeoblog.blogspot.com/2008/02/early-evolution-of-feathers.html]</ref>[[File:Autumn.jpg|292px|right|thumbnail|The beauty of [[God]]'s [[creation]], such as [[autumn]] foliage, cannot adequately be explained through the evolutionary [[paradigm]]. See: [[Argument from beauty]]

([https://www.flickr.com/photos/universalpops/5236103680/ Flickr] picture, see:'' [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en license agreement])]]
# Humans exhibit behaviors such as performing [[science]], creating [[art]] and [[music]], [[dance|dancing]], and a number of other intellectual and artistic behaviors which could not have been produced by random mutations. There is no known evolutionary reason why these should be favored.
# Trematode parasites, like many other kinds, lack a plausible evolutionary phylogeny, though they can easily be explained by a teleological design.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/36/36_4/trematodes.html</ref>
# Evolution cannot explain the many complex sex-determining systems. For example, in most mammals, females have two identical sex chromosomes (XX in this case) whereas males two different ones (XY.) However in birds, reptiles, many insects, and other organisms, the situation is reversed to where the male has two identical sex chromosomes and the female has two different ones; for example male birds have a ZZ chromosome pair and females ZW. No evolutionist has proposed a mechanism by which mammals could have a different sex chromosome system from the reptile ancestors they allegedly share with birds. In fact, many evolutionists admit that the XY and ZW chromosomal systems could not have shared a common origin.<ref>Ellegren, Hans (2011-03-01). "Sex-chromosome evolution: recent progress and the influence of male and female heterogamety". Nature Reviews Genetics. 12 (3): 157–166. doi:10.1038/nrg2948. ISSN 1471-0056. PMID 21301475. S2CID 21098648</ref>
# As alluded to above, evolution requires that random mutations cause one [[kind]] to change into another, but this has never been observed.
# The existence of two symmetrical kidneys, which are unnecessary in most people, lacks a plausible evolutionary explanation based on functionality alone. Because evolution falsehoods mislead most people into thinking they need their second kidney, "the average waiting time for the organs from a deceased donor in the United States is five years" and "3,916 patients waiting for a kidney in 2006 died before one became available."<ref>[http://www.scienceline.org/2009/03/04/levitan-health-living-kidney-donor-transplant/] This article observes, "As a recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found, living kidney donors live as long or longer and enjoy better quality of life than the general population."</ref>
#Thousands of years of intense selective breeding should have produced a new wolf species from domesticated dogs, yet dogs and wolves remain the same species.

===Maladaptation===

# Inability to account for widely observed altruism among animals, as it ''reduces'' an animal's ability to survive. “The existence of altruism between different species — which is not uncommon — remains an obstinate enigma.”<ref>[http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes12.html ''In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood'']</ref> Not surprisingly, many atheist evolutionists have done their utmost to ''deny'' animal altruism.
# The gradual buildup of deleterious mutations in an organism's genome as the species grows older limits the maximum lifespan of a species well under what would be required for evolution. Each generation of humans has far more negative mutations than the posited natural selection can remove. Evolution is thus impossible as species would become nonviable long before they could diverge.<ref>http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7</ref>

===Wrong predictions===
[[Image:Harvester-ants.jpg|thumb|205px|right|Ant behavior is the result of [[intelligent design]]. 19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior. The [[Bible]] was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>]]
# Lack of any demonstrable vestigial parts of the human [[genome]]. While evolutionists often claim that regions of the genome are "[[junk DNA]]" and would not have been placed there by a designer, none have actually shown this to be true, and much so-called "junk DNA" has been shown to be useful.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200302062329/http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/junkdna.html</ref>
# While evolutionists argue that there are examples of "[[argument from poor design|bad design]]" in the bodies of many organisms, such as "flaws" in the human spine and sinus system, evolutionists fail to realize that, by their own theory, natural selection should have removed these things! The simpler explanation, that these represent degeneration from an original, created perfect form, is the superior one. In other words, as [[CreationWiki]] notes, such "flaws" are actually "a result of deterioration, resulting from Man's Fall."<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/Functional_integration_indicates_design_(Talk.Origins) Functional integration indicates design], from [[CreationWiki]]</ref>
# We have the perfect number of [[teeth]] to fit in our [[mouth]]s. While creationism perfectly accounts for that result, evolutionism predicts a contrary result: As our [[face]]s evolved from chimpanzee-like faces to human faces, the shortening of the muzzle would have caused the teeth to become badly overcrowded in the front of the mouth.
# Human fertility is rapidly declining, disproving evolutionary improvement in humans and also suggesting a brief timeline for human existence.
# Evolutionist theory predicts that in the case of [[convergent evolution]], a particular structure such as an eye that evolves in an optimal form in one species can later evolve in a suboptimal form in a different species. No such result has ever been observed.
# Constantly mutating, drug-resistant [[pathogen]]s such as [[MRSA]] have been demonstrated to be the result of devolution rather than evolution.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/PublicStore/product/Genesis-of-Germs-The,5181,224.aspx Genesis of Germs], from [[Answers in Genesis]]</ref> This is the exact opposite of what evolutionary theory predicts.

===Missing fossils===
[[Image:800px-Baleen Whale Physical Characteristics svg.png|right|300px|thumbnail|The remarkable [[whale]], which is a [[mammal]], has no plausible evolutionary ancestor.]]
# "There’s a frustrating lack of fossil evidence from the period when insect flight [supposedly] evolved," which was "long before birds, bats or pterosaurs."<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/insects-wings-how-beetles-evolution-cockroaches-biology-a8309581.html</ref>
# No transitional forms appear for horses, instead different and distinct horse-like animals appear in the fossil record.<ref>[[Ray Comfort]], in the Forward to the 150th anniversary edition of "On the Origin of Species"</ref>
# The enormous gaps and lack of intermediate forms in the [[fossils|fossil]] record, once all the frauds are removed.
# Mammalian fur and body hair. There is no known evolutionary pathway for the development of fur, and no fossil evidence of hair evolving from scales, even though it survives very well.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/40/40_4/Bergman.htm</ref>

=== Irreducible Complexity===
# The extraordinarily long neck of the [[giraffe]]. The giraffe's heart creates immense pressure to drive blood up the neck to the brain. Because of this there are valves in the neck which automatically restrict the blood flow when the giraffe lowers its head to drink. Without these valves the sudden increase in blood pressure as the heart no longer needs to overcome gravity would rupture the arteries in the brain and kill the giraffe. However the giraffe could not have evolved a long neck without the valves and had no need to evolve the valves unless it had a long neck. The okapi, which evolutionists claim is the closest relative of the giraffe, has no such valves. Evolutionary theory cannot explain this.<ref>[http://www1.pacific.edu/~e-buhals/GIRAFFE2.htm]</ref>[[Image:BacterialFlagellum.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[flagellum|Bacterial Flagellum]] with rotary motor, courtesy of Access Research Network (Art Battson)]]
# The development of wings in birds, as intermediary wing stubs would have no use, and be a competitive disadvantage.
# The [[flagellum]] of certain bacteria contain a multi-part cellular motor which fails to function if a single part is removed. This is the classic example of [[irreducible complexity]] as publicised by Professor [[Michael Behe]].<ref>[http://www.millerandlevine.com/km/evol/design2/article.html]</ref> Because the flagellum must have all its parts to function it could not have evolved and therefore must have been designed by an intelligent being. At the [[Kitzmiller vs. Dover Area School District]] trial, Professor [[Ken Miller]] attempted to rebut this argument by pointing out that if 42 parts of the flagellum are removed what remains is a fully functional Type III Secretory System, used by some bacteria to inject toxins into target cells. While Miller's claim is factually accurate, it fails to explain how the T3SS could simultaneously add 42 parts to create a working flagellum.
# The organ and brain development required for retinal imagery require a base level of complexity, making a primitive form useless and impossible under evolution.<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/43/43_1/retinal_imagery.htm</ref>
# The [[ear]] contains three tiny [[bone]]s that transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the cochlea.<ref>[http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/bigear.html Neuroscience for Kids: The Ear]</ref> Because of the complicated arrangement of those bones, transitional forms (which have never been found) would have served no purpose. Evolutionists claim that these bones used to form part of the reptilian jaw joint, but no intermediate fossil with half jaw/half ear has ever been found, and there is no way evolutionism can explain how a jaw becomes an ear.
# Bony skeletons represent an example of irreducible complexity, since only a fully formed, complete skeleton is of any use whatsoever, while having only one or some few number of bones in an otherwise invertebrate creature is hardly advantageous. It is inconceivable to think that some random mutation could have resulted in the formation of an entire bone system in a creature which was previously invertebrate.
# "Social insects" such as bees, ants, and termites, which have extremely complex caste systems. Where an insect fits into the system is determined by its diet when young. Evolution requires that the genes for the various castes and the genes for caste-specific behavior all appeared simultaneously. Akin to the concept of [[irreducible complexity]], but on a higher (social) order, this is impossible given random chance. The complex social structure of these insects is evidence of [[intelligent design]]; also, since the overwhelming majority of individuals are workers and do not reproduce, they do not perpetuate their genetic material, as evolutionism claims all living things must do.
#Lungs never would have had to develop unless the animal was already on land, in which case, they would die before reproducing.
#There is no explanation within the theory of evolution through natural selection for the mechanism in which a catapillar turns into a butterfly. Essentially the original animal is broken down and rearranged into a totally different animal, with no similar physical characteristics. This process cannot be explained within the theory, and points to a designer's involvement.
#The [[whale]] is an extraordinarily unique sea-based mammal (see diagram above right), which has no plausible evolutionary ancestor.

===Uncategorized===
# Evolution would result in modern languages having one common ancestral language, and for nearly a century linguists insisted that there must be one. There is not, and linguists now accept that there are completely independent families of languages.
# No other animal exhibits [[religion]]. A far better explanation than random mutations is that humans were given the capacity to be religious by a loving God who wants a relationship with His creations.
# Circadian phenomena—internal 24-hour clock mechanisms of humans and other living beings—defy material explanation. Examples include how some people are unable to change the timing of their need for sleep for each day, and how plants exhibit clock-like behavior regardless of their exposure to sunlight. In addition, there is a weekly clock cycle for many phenomena, which has a clear biblical basis but defies any materialistic explanation.<ref>http://www.biblestudy.org/godsrest/mysterious-seven-day-cycle-in-plants-animals-man-2.html</ref>
# Scientists have found proof that the first chicken came before the first egg,<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/38238685/ns/technology_and_science-science/</ref> consistent with a special creation of chickens but not with a gradual descent with modifications from a proto-chicken and proto-egg.
# Despite the large (and ever increasing) number of breeds of [[dog]]s, and the fact that some purebred lineages of dogs are reproductively isolated from other dogs, no new species of dog has evolved.<ref>https://creation.com/dogs-breeding-dogs</ref>
# Even evolutionist studies have shown (despite the dating errors) that the vast majority of species on Earth arose around the same time and that genetic boundaries exist between the various animal kinds.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hood, Marlowe (May 28, 2018). [https://phys.org/news/2018-05-gene-survey-reveals-facets-evolution.html Sweeping gene survey reveals new facets of evolution]. ''Phys.org''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Ham, Ken (June 7, 2018). [https://answersingenesis.org/natural-selection/speciation/study-90-percent-of-species-have-recent-origin/ Study: 90% of Species Have a Recent Origin]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Davis, Billy; Jordahl, Steve (May 31, 2018). [https://www.onenewsnow.com/science-tech/2018/05/31/when-your-dna-research-pokes-holes-in-darwin When your DNA research pokes holes in Darwin]. ''OneNewsNow''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.</ref>
# Evolutionist studies have found that all male humans have the same Y-[[chromosome]] while females have greater chromosomal diversity.<ref>Stanford University. "Wars and clan structure may explain a strange biological event 7,000 years ago." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 29 May 2018. < https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180529185356.htm >.</ref> This is in line with the Genesis account, which shows that only Noah's Y-chromosome lineage survived the flood, being passed along to his sons and beyond, while seven or eight x-chromosome lineages survived.<ref>Cater, Robert W. (May 11, 2010). [https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics Adam, Eve and Noah vs Modern Genetics]. ''Creation Ministries International'. Retrieved June 16, 2018.</ref>

== Question evolution! campaign ==
[[Image:Carl weiland.jpg|thumbnail|150px|right|Dr. [[Carl Wieland]] was the founder of [[Creation Ministries International]] ]]
''See also:'' [[Question evolution! campaign]]

Since [[World War II]] a majority of the most prominent and vocal defenders of the [[evolution|theory of evolution]] which employs [[methodological naturalism]] have been atheists.<ref>
* Dr. Don Batten,[http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/737/ A ''Who’s Who'' of evolutionists] ''Creation'' 20(1):32, December 1997.
* [[Jonathan Sarfati]], Ph.D.,F.M., [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3830 ''Refuting Evolution'', Chapter 1, Facts and Bias]
</ref> In 2011, a campaign called the [[Question evolution! campaign]] was launched by the [[Bible|biblical]] [[creation]] organization [[Creation Ministries International]] which is a worldwide "[[grassroots|grass-roots]] movement to challenge the anti-[[Christianity|Christian]] [[dogma]] of [[evolution]]".<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign]</ref> The focus of the Question evolution! campaign is on "15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer."<ref>[https://creation.com/question-evolution Question evolution! campaign]</ref> The 15 questions posed to evolutionists (and undecided individuals) can be found [https://creation.com/15-questions HERE]

== Logical Conclusion ==
As scientific theories require that their laws be immutable, the existence of merely one counterexample disproves the truth of the rule. Thus, if evolution fails to account for any one of these items (or countless others), it must be discarded.
{{evolution}}
{{Counterexamples}}

== See also ==

*[[Atheism]]
*[[Evolution and atheism]]
*[[Creation vs. Evolution Videos]]
*[[Logic of possibility]]
*[[Postmodern science]]
*[[Counterexamples to Materialism]]

== External links ==
*[https://creation.com/ Creation Ministries International]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Counterexamples]]
[[Category:Evolution]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-11-05T19:46:22Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Ketuvim */ amestris and biblehistory's account of herodotus esther

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
* Modern geneticists scoffed at the idea that the Bible was correct in that all of the [[Kohanim]] are descendants of [[Aaron]], as stated in [https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0228.htm#1 [Exodus 28:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Ostrer H |title=Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-537961-7 |pages=97, 96–101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT69 |quote=This finding generated considerable excitement, because it was taken as evidence of the fidelity of an oral tradition extending over millennia... it has been discovered this Y-chromosomal set of markers is not unique to Jewish men... this record refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times... Y-chromosomal analysis of Levites has demonstrated multiple origins that depend on the Diaspora community from which they came—they are not all the descendants of tribal founder Levi.}}
</ref> In more recent times, evidence has shown that Kohanim share close genetic links that do not exist in non-Kohanim Jewish or non-Jewish populations.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Behar DM, Saag L, Karmin M, Gover MG, Wexler JD, Sanchez LF, Greenspan E, Kushniarevich A, Davydenko O, Sahakyan H, Yepiskoposyan L, Boattini A, Sarno S, Pagani L, Carmi S, Tzur S, Metspalu E, Bormans C, Skorecki K, Metspalu M, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' Y chromosome | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 14969 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 29097670 | pmc = 5668307 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7 | quote = Remarkably, the five Ashkenazi Cohen samples formed the tight cluster J1b-B877, shared only with one Yemenite, one Bulgarian and one Moroccan Cohen coalescing ~2,570 ybp (Table 1). | bibcode = 2017NatSR...714969B }}
</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sahakyan H, Margaryan A, Saag L, Karmin M, Flores R, Haber M, Kushniarevich A, Khachatryan Z, Bahmanimehr A, Parik J, Karafet T, Yunusbayev B, Reisberg T, Solnik A, Metspalu E, Hovhannisyan A, Khusnutdinova EK, Behar DM, Metspalu M, Yepiskoposyan L, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = Origin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267 | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 6659 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33758277 | pmc = 7987999 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-021-85883-2 | bibcode = 2021NatSR..11.6659S | quote = Another sub-branch—J1a1a1a1a1a1a2-B877—is specific to the Jewish Cohens [...] Its TMRCA of ~ 3.2 kya (95% HPD = 2.4–4.0 kya) overlaps with the previous estimate.}}</ref>
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*The "black and beautiful" as described in [[Song of Songs]] at [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16445/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v5 [Song of Songs 1:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] was ambiguous to Western and Middle Eastern thinkers for a long time, but following restablishment of contact with the Ethiopian Beta Israel, it has been theorized that the "black and beautiful" is a reference to the [[Queen of Sheba]], who visited [[King Solomon]] according to Ethiopian historical accounts.<ref>{{cite book |title=The complete guide to the Bible |last=Miller |first=Stephan M. |page=175}}</ref> In the [[2 Chronicles 1-9 (Translated)|second book of Chronicles]], it is stated that she shared royal gifts with Solomon. The 14th century Ethiopic work ''Kebra Nagast'', it is stated that her son, the offspring of Solomon, visited him as an adult and Solomon acknowledged him as his rightful son.
*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
* A specific part of the Book of Esther discusses how Esther sentenced men to death who attempted to kill the Jews of the Persian Empire. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16482/showrashi/true/jewish/Chapter-9.htm#v13 [Esther 9:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>] This lines up remarkably closely with [[Herodotus|Herodotus]]'s account of Amestris (pronounced am-ESTR-IS), wife of Xerxes, who had been recorded to have the power to give the death penalty to enemies of her family.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther, Mordecai & Ahasuerus in Archaeology |url=https://www.biblehistory.net/newsletter/Esther-Mordecai.htm |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.biblehistory.net}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Biblical scientific foreknowledge

2023-09-04T15:04:05Z

Ethan Parmet: /* History */

[[File:Newton.png|thumb|200px|alt=Isaac Newton, cornerstone of the scientific revolution, based his research on the scientific authority of the [[Bible]].|thumb|[[Portrait]] of [[Isaac Newton]], cornerstone of the [[scientific revolution]], based his research on the scientific authority of the Bible.]]
'''Biblical scientific foreknowledge''' consists of the [[Bible]]'s many correct predictions of [[science|scientific]] breakthroughs. The Bible is a superb roadmap to future discoveries. [[Bible denier]]s, including many [[Atheism|atheist]]s and [[evolution]]ists, refuse to read the Bible, and '''''their irrational [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|closed-mindedness]] against the Bible obstructs the advancement of science'''''.

The [[Book of Genesis]] gives [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge#Anesthesia|an example of anesthesia]] long before man discovered it in 1846. And the underlying chaos and [[uncertainty]] in the physical world was explained in the Bible long before [[quantum mechanics]] confirmed it in the 1900s.

Biblical scientific foreknowledge also guides a more precise translation of verses that describe scientific-related events, such as the reference to the wearing out of the universe in [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]], and the [[Essay:Water into Wine|changing of water into wine]] at the wedding feast.<ref>See {{bibleref|John|2|1-9}}.</ref>

Modern thinkers who frequently read the [[Bible]] include [[John von Neumann]], considered the most brilliant of the 20th century, along with the influential mathematician [[Kurt Gödel]].

==Geology==

===Massive flooding===
Atheist scientists long opposed a [[young earth]] [[creation|created]] by [[God]] where cataclysmic flooding, such as the [[Great Flood]] described in the Bible, shaped the landscape. However, ample [[counterexamples to an old earth]] exist and the discovery in the Northwest of "giant ripple marks, 50 feet high and 200-500 feet apart" proved that a cataclysmic flood in the region had indeed occurred thousands of years ago. As a result, "[a]mong geologists, the concept of a catastrophic flood came to be universally accepted by the late 1950s."<ref>[http://www.iafi.org/floods.html The Ice Age Flood Institute reports on the massive floods in the Northwest.]</ref>

===Continental drift===
[[Continental drift]] was proposed by [[creationist]] Antonio Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 based on [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis 1:9-10]],<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c001.html Christian Answers explains Antonio Snider's divine inspiration</ref> which states, {{cquote|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.}} Because land is no longer all in [[Pangaea|one place]], this implies that the continents have shifted over the six millennia to their current positions. [[Atheists]] and [[scientist]]s who hadn't seen the light of [[creationism]] were in [[liberal denial]] about this concept for a century, until finally accepting its truth. This is just more data that the Bible knew millennia before [[secular]] [[science]] caught up.

The most likely reason for the current position and shape of the land mass is the [[Great Flood]]. Pangea does not work without flipping, shrinking, and sometimes removing countries entirely. Any Biblical statements of continents is in {{bibleref|Genesis|10|25}} when Peleg is mentioned "for in his days was the earth divided" this in particular refers to the separation of what today is [[Russia]], [[Japan]], and [[Alaska]], when the oceans arose, and also to the division of the peoples by languages, who migrated together according to their language after the confusing of tongues at the [[Tower of Babel]], obviously the migration took place before the oceanic divide which led to the natives of the Far West. Everyone laughed at [[Christopher Columbus]], not because they thought earth was flat, but because they had forgotten the Far West (America) was there, and they thought he didn't have nearly enough supplies or a big enough ship to go to Asia the long way around, and they would have been right if he didn't hit the [[Caribbean]] first by complete accident. Recent findings of biblical stone tablets, in Byzantine script prove that trade between Europe and the Far West was common prior to the Dark Age which began in 400 or 500 AD.

===Underwater springs===
Only in modern times have scientists become aware of the enormous underwater springs feeding into the oceans, and the very deep valleys at the bottom of the oceans. However, the Bible repeatedly described this thousands of years earlier in [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 7|Genesis 7:11]], which states, {{cquote|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.}} Again, in 2 Samuel 22:16, the Bible states that, {{cquote|And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.}}
And Job 38:16 “Hast thou entered into the springs of the sea? Or hast thou walked in the search of the depths?"

This is ''obvious'' proof to all but [[liberals]] that the Bible had foreknowledge of subcrustal oceans, something the ancient Jews could not have possibly known, and thus proof of the Bible's God-given accuracy and divine nature.

==Agriculture==

===Malthusianism===
Since Thomas [[Robert Malthus|Malthus's]] 1798 work, ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', [[liberal]] intellectuals insisted that the world's population would grow faster than the [[food]] supply and result in mass starvation.

This [[liberal]] falsehood is contrary to the [[Multiplication of the loaves]], as set forth in Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:5-15. Multiple additional examples in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, as well as the example of [[William Bradford]] at Plymouth Colony,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradford|first1=William|title=The History of Plimoth Plantation|date=1669|pages=135–136}}</ref> of the food supply increasing to be more far plentiful than expected, based on [[faith]] in [[God|God's]] powers and use of [[conservative]] [[economics]]. Indeed, in modern times [[obesity]] is far more prevalent and harmful than [[hunger]] worldwide, and food production far exceeds the ability to consume even in impoverished nations. Hunger remains a problem only in places with [[liberal]] and/or [[leftist]] political systems that impede food distribution or destroy the [[free market]].

As predicted by the [[Bible]] there is an abundance of food in the world, although distribution problems sometimes prevent the food from getting to everyone who needs it. Food inflation in the [[United States]] is very low, hovering around only 1% for the last three decades,<ref>https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/food-inflation</ref> which has kept overall inflation low.

=== Corn ===
Passages in the [[Gospel of Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke]] recount disciples eating ears of [[corn]] on the [[Sabbath]]. "Corn" and the [[Greek]] word for it is broader than [[maize]] and could have included grain, but ears of corn can be more attractive than ears of grain. Throughout the 20th century historians taught that maize originated only in [[North America]] and was introduced into [[Europe]] only by explorers such as [[Christopher Columbus]]. “George Beadle wrote in a 1980 Scientific American article, 'the development of corn by the Indians remains man’s more remarkable plant-breeding achievement.'”<ref>https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/11/the-mysterious-origin-of-corn.html</ref>

Really?? Plant-breeding of corn by only [[American Indians]]?? Though not [[politically correct]], modern research reinforces the [[Gospels]] by showing that [[maize]] existed early enough in [[Italy]] (depicted in a fresco by 1517) and [[Germany]] (in a herbal by 1542)<ref>https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/150485/eth-30594-02.pdf</ref> to undermine the implausible [[atheistic]] theory that it originated in [[Europe]] only from [[Christopher Columbus]] bringing it back to [[Spain]] on March 15, 1493.

For hundreds of years corn was considered to be a vegetable, but now botanists classify it as a fruit ... just as the [[Gospel of Mark]] said 2000 years ago at {{bibleref|Mark|4|28|version=KJV}}.

==History==

=== Psychogenic hematidrosis ===

Psychogenic hematidrosis, which is sweat turning into blood, happens very rarely, but in the cases it does happen, it usually happens with death row inmates, as shown in 70% of studies on the condition.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjXMsq6SscA Police Detective Examines the Resurrection of Jesus becomes Christian]</ref> In the garden of Gethsemane, Jesus sweat blood (Luke 22:44). The early church was puzzled by the account of Jesus sweating blood given in Scripture and they didn't know what to make of it.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

=== Pleural effusion ===

The early church was puzzled by the blood and water that came out of Jesus' side when the soldier plunged his spear into him. The blood was not a problem in their understanding, but the water was. Medical science can now explain the water coming out of Jesus' side as being the result of pleural effusion.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

===Great Flood ice mummy===
[[File:The building of the ark.jpg|thumb|The building of the Ark by Bertram of Minden, ancient [[German Painting]].]]
According to the Bible, a [[Great Flood]] occurred around 3300 B.C., or about 5300 years ago. It involved a cataclysmic rainstorm of a magnitude never seen before or since. For centuries [[atheist]]s and [[liberals]] have mocked it, claiming that it was impossible. However, in 1991, an "ice mummy" was discovered in the [[Alps]]. Scientists located a remarkably preserved ancient body, including even the contents of his last meal, which was due to an extraordinary ice storm. By radiometric [[carbon dating]],<ref>http://www.nupecc.org/iai2001/report/B44.pdf Radiocarbon dating of the Iceman Ötzi with
accelerator mass spectrometry</ref> the scientists discovered that this massive ice storm occurred 5300 years ago, which perfectly matches the Biblical Great Flood.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html PBS on the "Iceman" in the Alps</ref> This is obvious proof of the Great Flood, as no natural occurrence could possibly explain how somebody came to be preserved by ice in the [[Alps]].

===Oldest Living Organism===

Bristlecone pine trees in California's White Mountains are the oldest living unitary organism. As predicted by the Bible, they are not as old as 6,000 years but are as old as 5,000 years,<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/US/photos/worlds-oldest-living-things-23385913/image-23386256</ref> roughly the time of the [[Great Flood]].

===False theories===
Jesus' recognition that the truth would remain hidden from arrogant "intellectuals" while simultaneously revealed to humbler, [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|more openminded]] people. This foreshadowed the creation of theories to pull self-centered intellectual wannabes away from [[God]], such as the [[Theory of Evolution]], the [[Theory of Relativity]], the [[homosexual agenda]], the [[secular]] culture of [[abortion]], [[Communism]], and countless other [[liberal]] and atheistic ideas and ideologies.

===Mankind remains extant===
The Bible predicts that the end of [[mankind]] will not occur by chance, but rather at a time known only to God. Despite the extinction of many species each year throughout history, the expectation by scientists that Earth would have been hit by chance by a massive, extinction-causing meteor, and laws of probability that predict other immense catastrophes, mankind continues and Christianity grows just as Jesus predicted.

===Construction of ancient sky-high structures===

The Bible—the [[Book of Genesis]] chapter 11—explains how ancient people arrogantly sought to construct a sky-high "[[Tower of Babel]]" to try to reach [[Heaven]]. Then, in the 1900s, archaeologists discovered the great ziggurat of ancient Ur, located in present-day southern Iraq, having characteristics similar to the biblical description of the Tower of Babel.<ref>http://www.bible-history.com/babylonia/BabyloniaThe_Ziggurat.htm</ref>

===Hometown of Goliath===

1 Samuel 17 of the Bible discusses the giant Goliath from a Philistine city named Gath, located in central Israel. In July 2015, archaeologists discovered its entrance in an excavation that began in 1899. They also uncovered evidence of a massive earthquake that occurred in the eighth century BC, as described in the biblical book of Amos.<ref>http://www.christiantoday.com/article/gates.to.goliaths.city.discovered/61124.htm</ref>

===Effect of Deafness on Speech===

For 2000 years after [[Christ]], scientists overlooked the close connection between hearing and speech, and the brain, and are just starting to discover this now.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/deafness-can-have-unexpected-consequences-on-speech-patterns/</ref> But [[Jesus]] illustrated the connection when he cured a problem with speech primarily by opening someone's ears, after which the man "spoke plainly."<ref>Mark 7:34-35 ([[ESV]])</ref>

===Common DNA===
[[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 1|John 1:3]] explains that "All things were made by Him; not one thing was made without Him." If something had been made without Him then creatures would exist that had completely different DNA from other creatures.

===Psychiatry===

The self-destructive conduct of cutting is described as part of [[demonic]] behavior in {{bibleref|Mark|5|5}}, yet was largely ignored as a psychiatric illness until 2010.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2010/02/10/123529829/cutting-elevated-from-symptom-to-mental-disorder#:~:text=People%20who%20cut%2C%20or%20intentionally,impulsive%20actions%20and%20chaotic%20relationships.</ref> In addition to the nature of cutting as a psychiatric illness, the mere act of cutting as a form of self harm increases one's risk for suicide.<ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Muehlenkamp JJ | title = Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 324–333 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 15839768 | doi = 10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 }}</ref>

[[Jesus Christ]] and [[Christianity|Christendom]] have emphasized the important of forgiveness and in the last few decades mental health specialists have increasingly seen the importance of forgiveness to alleviate anger/depression/bitterness and other emotional problems within individuals.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755173/ Indian J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun; 51(2): 153–156. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.49459, PMCID: PMC2755173, ''Forgiveness: A note for psychiatrists'' by Prakash Gangdev]</ref> Cutt

Modern medicine now realizes that obsessing with one's past is a big cause of psychiatric problems.<ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-flux/201104/5-ways-find-closure-the-past</ref> Jesus had the same insight 2000 years earlier: "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the [[kingdom of God]]."<ref>Luke 9:62 ([[ESV]]).</ref>

[[Anxiety]] today, almost unbearable in some, was predicted in the [[Gospels]]: "Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us,’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us.’" {{bibleref|Luke|23|30}}

See also: [[Atheism and anger]] and [[Atheism and bitterness]]

== The Bible and health practices ==

''See also:'' [[The Bible and health]]

Max Neuberger, writing in his "History of Medicine" states concerning the Mosaic laws:
{{cquote|The commands concern prophylaxis and suppression of epidemics, suppression of venereal disease and prostitution, care of the skin, baths,[17] food, housing and clothing, regulation of labour, sexual life, discipline of the people, etc. Many of these commands, such as Sabbath rest, [[circumcision]], laws concerning food (interdiction of blood and pork), measures concerning menstruating and lying-in women, and those suffering from gonorrhoea, isolation of lepers, and hygiene of the camp, are, in view of the conditions of the climate, surprisingly rational.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref>}}

===Blood clotting on the eighth day===
In Genesis 17:12, God mandated that Abraham circumcise his sons on the 8th day after birth. In 1935, it was discovered that Vitamin K, together with prothrombin, causes blood coagulation, (important in any surgical procedure). On the 8th day, the amount of prothrombin present is elevated above 100% of normal and is therefore the only day in the male's life in which this will be the case (normally). If surgery is to be performed, day 8 is the perfect day to do it as vitamin K and prothrombin levels are at their peak.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462229_Haematological_Basis_of_8th_Day_Male_Child_Circumcision_in_The_Holy_Bible</ref>

===Lifespan===
The Bible puts the maximum lifespan for man at 120 years (Genesis 6:3), the typical lifespan at 70 years and the typical for a good-living person at 80 years (Psalm 90:10).

Thousands of years after that was written, despite immense advances in medicine and technology, these figures remain remarkably accurate. The longest modern recorded life of a man is precisely 120 years (Shigechiyo Izumi), the average lifespan for a man is roughly 70 years, and the average for a good-living man is about 80 years.

[[Jeanne Calment]] lived to age 122, only two years past 120. She was said to have never worked and used olive oil on her skin, outliving all of her [[feminist]] counterparts.

===Oldest human ancestor===
The Bible suggests that the oldest maternal ancestor — [[Eve]] — first lived slightly more than 6000 years ago.<ref>http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html</ref> The mutation rate of [[mitochondria]] indicates roughly the same date for the most recent common human ancestor.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Mitochondrial_Eve_lived_only_6500_years_ago_%28Talk.Origins%29</ref> Scientific studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA changes 24 times quicker than originally thought.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380/</ref>

===Anesthesia===
The first surgical operation described in the Bible was the removal of a rib from [[Adam]], which was performed by first putting Adam into an unconscious, "deep sleep-like trance."<ref>[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 2:21]]</ref> This was the equivalent of anesthesia — thousands of years before anesthesia using inhaled ether was developed by William Morton in 1846. Had scientists and physicians been more [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|openminded]] about Genesis 2:21, they may have discovered anesthesia far sooner, and saved many more lives.

===Bloodletting hastens death===
At the time of Jesus and for centuries afterward, arteries and veins were thought to be filled with air, and blood was viewed as something to be used up rather than recirculate. Bloodletting—the practice of intentionally draining blood from a patient—was common medical practice through the time of [[George Washington]], hastening his death prematurely for reasons not understood until years later.<ref>http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37212.php</ref>

Most victims of crucifixion in Roman times languished on the cross for days. But the Bible describes how Pilate, who crucified many, was surprised at how quickly Jesus passed away. 2000 years later, scientific knowledge has advanced to understand that this was caused by his prior loss of blood during his scourging (being brutally whipped), a punishment typically given ''instead of'' crucifixion.

===Homosexuality and disease===
The Bible's prohibition against [[homosexuality]] predated knowledge about the [[Homosexuality and health|many diseases and disorders associated with homosexuality]], and thus showed scientific wisdom prescient for its time.

===Eyesight===
The description in the [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Gospel of Mark 8:24]] for the sensation when one's eyesight is restored includes his perception of "trees walking." This perception was first confirmed nearly 2000 years later as physicians developed medical techniques for restoring eyesight.<ref>This newspaper account is not specific but describes the overall sensation of restored sight: [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-138886/Robot-eye-restore-lost-sight-20-years.html]</ref>

===Maximum human height===
Atheists thought the size of [[Goliath]] in the Bible to be absurdly large (over nine feet tall), until [[Robert Wadlow]] grew to nearly 9 feet tall and was still growing when he died at a young age in 1940. If not for an infection that led to his death, Wadlow would have presumably reached, and even surpassed, 9 feet in height.<ref>https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/6/the-tragic-death-of-robert-wadlow-the-tallest-man-ever-708849</ref>

===Leprosy===
Although leprosy is not as contagious as other infectious diseases, and some forms of it (such as tuberculoid or paucibacillary form are not contagious), Leviticus 13 and 14 set forth rules to prevent epidemics of this disease among the people of Israel. Western science did not catch up until, in 1663, such laws were introduced in America in an attempt to curb an outbreak of smallpox.

Centuries ahead of medical science, Jesus subsequently explained that leprosy was not as contagious as people thought.{needs citation}

===Hygiene===
Millennia before germ theory was proposed in the late 19th century, Leviticus 15 mandated hygiene laws that included bathing, washing of clothing, destruction of contaminated pottery and washing of hands.

In Matthew 15:2, Jesus then curbed compulsive hand-washing by explaining why it was no longer typically necessary (in a non-farming, non-medical context) with respect to man's digestive system.

===Digestive system===
It was common thought throughout history that infections and illness resulted from the digestive system, based on unclean hands or food. Jesus rejected that view, and declared hand-washing before meals to be typically unnecessary. It took many centuries before science caught up to the Bible on this.

It is part of the Jewish kosher law to not eat milk with meat. In some Jewish homes they have separate refrigerators for meat and milk products. It comes from Deuteronomy 14:21 "...Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk." There is evidence that the body has difficulty digesting both meat and milk at the same time.

Also, as part of the Jewish kosher law a pork is on the list of prohibited foods. Under cooked pork can transmit Trichinosis, a parasitic disease that can infect muscle tissue, the brain, and the central nervous system, among other [[parasite]]s and zoonotic diseases. [[Creation denial|Creation deniers]] can counter this point only with such desperate non-arguments as asking why God had to create trichinae at all and then allow them onto the [[Ark]], with them ignoring the fact that perhaps God did not intend for all organic matter to be edible.

=== Dietary ===
====Vegetable diet====
The important health benefits of a vegetable-based diet were not realized until late in the 20th century, but this is explained in the [[Book of Daniel]]:
{{cquote|“Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.
Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”
 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.
 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.<ref>Daniel 1:12-15 [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%201&version=NIV NIV version]</ref>}}

====Fetal Alcohol Syndrome====
Not discovered until 1973 by American physicians, fetal alcohol syndrome results from harm done to the unborn child in pregnancy due to the mother drinking alcohol. The Bible, thousands of years earlier, forbade the mother of [[Samson]] from drinking alcohol while pregnant, so that he could become a powerful leader:

:3The angel of the Lord appeared to her and said, “You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son. 4'''''Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink''''' and that you do not eat anything unclean. 5You will become pregnant and have a son whose head is never to be touched by a razor because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines.”<ref>Judges 13:3-5 (NIV).</ref>

====Disease from Unclean Animals====
The deadly [[coronavirus]], which spread in 2020 from China, likely originated from eating unclean animals as designated in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14 of the Bible.<ref>https://www.ucg.ca/booklets/what-does-bible-teach-about-clean-and-unclean-meats/which-animals-clean-and-unclean</ref> Other diseases, such as [[Ebola]]<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html</ref> and SARS<ref>https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)14121-9/</ref> are also spread by unclean vector animals such as bats and rats. Most deadly plagues throughout history, such as the [[Black Plague]], have been spread by animal-to-human transmission, which can be countered by stressed distancing of activities such as eating said animals stated in the Bible.

====Animal Toxicity====
[[File:David Macht.jpg|thumbnail|right||200px|Dr. David Macht]]
In 1953 Dr. [http://www.creationwiki.org/David_Macht David Macht], a Johns Hopkins researcher, conducted toxicity tests on many different kinds of animals and fish and concluded that the toxicity of Levitically [[Mosaic law and unclean animals|"unclean" animals]] was higher than that of the [[Mosaic law and clean animals|"clean" animals]], and that the correlation with the description in Leviticus was 100%.<ref name=Macht1>Macht, David I., MD. "[http://members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/Macht1953.pdf An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Levitcus XI and Deuteronomy XIV]." ''Bulletin of the History of Medicine'' 27(5):444-450, September–October, 1953. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Macht's study in terms of classifying kosher and non-kosher animals matched the kosher classification performed by James W. Atz, Ph.D., Curator and Dean Bibliographer in the Department of Ichthyology of the American Museum of Natural History, NY, NY and adjunct professor of biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science on New York University. Dr. Atz's list of kosher and non-kosher animals was published by the Orthodox Union in Kosher Guide and in the Orthodox Union Kosher Consumer Directory.<ref name=Atz>Atz, James W., contrib. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fish/ KASHRUT.COM - Kosher and Non-kosher fish]" Scharf Associates, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> According to a list of kosher and non-kosher fish published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, deciding what fish have scales, in the Orthodox Jewish community, appears to involve semantics as scales which are not visible to the human eye or scales that cannot be removed without tearing the skin are not considered "scales" in terms of the Torah law for determining which fish are kosher. It appears that Jewish religious authorities do appeal to well known Torah commentators.<ref name=Goldberg>Goldberg, Chaim. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fishfaq/ Consumers’ FAQ’s on Kosher fish]." Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, 2004. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Also, Dr. Macht's classification of swans as kosher is in accordance with the research done at Ohr Somayach Institutions in Jerusalem, Israel.<ref name=ask1>"[http://ohr.edu/ask/ask210.htm Ask the Rabbi - Are swans kosher]?" Ohr Somayach Website, Ohr.edu, October 24, 1998. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Furthermore, Dr. Macht states in the peer-reviewed journal ''Science'' that the toxicology test he used was a reliable method for detecting zoological toxins as it was a toxicology test sensitive to these type of toxins, and therefore one could conclude it was also suitable for testing the toxicity levels of fish, meat, and poultry.<ref name=Macht3>Macht, D.I. , Science 1930, 71 :302</ref> (The toxicological method that Dr. Macht used was also cited in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.<ref name=Macht2>Macht, D.I. and Macht, M.B. ''Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine'' 1941, 26: 597</ref>) In addition, Dr. Macht was an expert in cobra venom, which is a zoological toxin. Macht's conclusions, however, were challenged by three of his science community peers in a Seventh Day Adventist publication although one partially affirmed his study.<ref name=Harris>Harris, Lester E., Jr. "[https://archive.is/20070709234205/members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/web/ministry-1954-March-p37.htm This Question of Unclean Meats]." Ministry Magazine, March 1953, p37-38. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> This was partly due to a likely unfamiliarity with what food is kosher and non-kosher. Also, perhaps they were unfamiliar with the toxicity test Dr. Macht used, and its apparent effectiveness in testing zoological toxins.

In the short term, eating non-kosher food often appears to have no dramatic ill effects in general. For example, the Arabs, who do not eat kosher, consider camel to be a delicacy. Clearly, non-kosher Arabs do not fall dead right after eating camel meat. However, the long term optimality of eating clean versus unclean meat is an unanswered question of science. Also, eating non-kosher foods clearly has some nutritional benefit. For example, shrimp and pork contain protein. The New Testament declares, {{Bible quote|For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is [[Holy|sanctified]] by the word of God and prayer.|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5|version=NKJV}}

In regard to the aforementioned verse, it could be argued that prayer does [[Holy|sanctify]] food. The Bible has plenty of verses regarding God's protection. Also, it could be argued that the benefits outweigh the costs in all foods and thus all food is good. Clearly there is some nutritional goodness in foods that the Torah declared unclean (for example, shrimp has protein). What foods are optimal from an empirically tested science viewpoint is often controversial. In short, in regard to eating strictly a kosher diet versus a non-kosher diet, science has no definitive answers at the present time. From a Christian theological point of view, it could be argued that food should not be an impediment to anyone making a decision to become a Christian. It should be noted that orthodox Christian believers in Biblical scientific foreknowledge believe that Christians can eat the food that was declared unclean in the Old Testament, and {{Bible ref|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5}} and {{Bible ref|book=Galations|chap=2|verses=7-16}} make this very clear.

In addition to the aforementioned study testing kosher and non-kosher foods for toxicity levels, Macht developed evidence indicating that combining meat and milk tended to be more toxic than either foodstuff alone.<ref name=Macht4>David I. Macht, Medical Leaves 1940; 3:174-184</ref> In addition, he compared conventional animal slaughtering versus kosher slaughtering and determined that kosher slaughtering produced less toxic meat.<ref name=Macht4/>

A 1985 study by Nanji and French found that there was a significant correlation between cirrhosis and pork consumption (Macht claimed that swine was more toxic than the animal meat the Bible called clean).<ref name=Nanji>Nanji AA, and French SW. "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858627&dopt=Abstract Relationship between pork consumption and cirrhosis]." ''Lancet'' 1985 Mar 23, 1(8430):681-3. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Modern pork production methods are different from ancient methods of raising pigs, so the result of this study might be hard to apply to the ancients or those who raise pigs by organic farming methods, without the use of hormones or antibiotics.

Jane Cahill reported in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' that the toilets of a Jewish household in [[Jerusalem]] were examined and no [[parasite]]s or infectious agents were found.<ref name=Cahill>[http://cojs.org/cojswiki/It_Had_to_Happen,_Jane_M._Cahill,_Karl_Reinhard,_David_Tarler_and_Peter_Warnock,_BAR_17:03,_May/Jun_1991. It had to happen, Scientist Examines Ancient Bathrooms of Romans 586 B.C.] by Jane Cahill and Peter Warnock. BAR May/June 1991</ref>

Today, some "alternative medicine" practitioners do not recommend pork to their patients. Their reasons include the possible content of hormones, antibiotics, and pesticides, and also the undiscriminating diet of the pig. Joseph Mercola, DO, who has a private practice in alternative general medicine, writes:{{cquote|Pigs are scavenger animals and will eat just about anything. Their appetite for less-than-wholesome foods makes pigs a breeding ground for potentially dangerous infections. Even cooking pork for long periods is not enough to kill many of the retroviruses and other parasites that many of them harbor.<ref name=Mercola>Mercola, Joseph, DO, ed. "[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/07/12/are-there-deadly-superbugs-in-your-pork.aspx?source=nl Are There Deadly Superbugs In Your Pork]?" <http://www.mercola.com/>, July 12, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>}}

Dr. Mercola does not even recommend pasture-raised pork, because wild boars will often infect herds of pork with [[Trichinella spiralis]] or other parasites.<ref name=Mercola/>

===Feasibility of abiogenesis===
Although scientists dismissed ideas involving [[abiogenesis]], or the process from which life emerges from non-living material, as nothing more than archaic beliefs in [[spontaneous generation]], the Bible very clearly depicts an occurrence of this phenomenon, for beginning in Genesis 1:20, God creates life from nothing. It was not until the early 20th century that science finally began to accept the viability of abiogenesis, a view that the Bible had held for almost 2000 years, except that [[atheists]] falsely claim that abiogenesis is somehow possible without a creator. For addition information, please see [https://creation.com/origin-of-life origin of life]

===Awareness while unborn===
[[Abortion]] advocates argue that it is ok to terminate a baby while dismissing the pain inflicted by ending an innocent life. They argue that a fetus cannot feel pain because senses are incomplete. There is a heart-beating human in the womb that can feel even though still unborn and developing. In modern times, we now know the baby in the womb is alert, aware of their mother's emotions, recognizes voices, responds to stimuli and music. The Bible tells us the baby feels (1 Luke 44), ''"the babe leaps for joy in Elizabeth’s womb at the sound of Mary’s voice."'' The inwomb developing baby, John the Baptist, notices the presence of the unborn [[Lord]] in [[Mary]], and is excited. In addition (St. Paul to the Galatians 1:15), ''"God… from my mother’s womb had set me apart and called me through his grace."'' Paul's very first thought, feeling awareness, began while unborn.

===Embalming===
[[Mark 9-16 (Translated)#14:3|Mark 14:3-8]] describes an embalming process to preserve a body after death, which was not discovered in the West until 1867.

===Significance of blood===
The Old Testament teaches that the [[life]] of all flesh is its [[blood]] ({{Bible ref|book=Leviticus|chap=17|verses=13-14|version=KJV}}). Secular science remained ignorant of the properties and circulation of blood until the 17th century A.D.<ref>[http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12_notes.htm Net Bible: Notes] to [http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12.htm#1234 Deuteronomy 12:23] {{dead link}}</ref>

===Menstruation===
The Biblical laws concerning [[menstruation]], including the setting apart of the menstruating woman and the prohibition on intimacy during menstruation, address health concerns that were not known to secular science until the 20th century.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref> Also, modern science has only very recently discovered that following such rules dramatically reduces the rate of illegitimacy.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182027.htm How Religion Promotes Confidence About Paternity]</ref>

===Cloning and a Common X Chromosome===
{{Bible ref|book=Genesis|chap=2|verses=21-22|version=KJV}} records that God made a [[woman]] out of one of [[Adam]]'s [[rib]]s. Secular scientists did not believe that [[cloning]] such a complex organism (apart from plants) was possible until 1997.<ref>[http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml Cloning Fact Sheet] {{dead link}}</ref> It should be noted, however, that this is not strictly 'cloning' as a clone would be identical to its original, most obviously in terms of its sex. Women can be cloned from the genetic material of men, but not the other way around, since women lack a Y chromosome. Women have the same X chromosome as men, but this was not discovered until the late 1800s. The Book of Genesis explained this thousands years earlier, describing how the first woman was created directly from man.

===Inbreeding===
Leviticus 18:7-11 elaborates in detail the relationships it regards as incestuous unions, to forbid inbreeding. Only in modern times has secular science caught up and been able to scientifically explain the harm to future generations of inbreeding.

==Cosmology==

===Distance of Oldest Star to Earth===

The Book of Genesis implies that the distance of the oldest star to Earth is how far light would travel during the age of mankind: about 6000 light-years. In 2014, a team of researchers discovered that the oldest star is indeed only 6000 light-years away.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140318194104/http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/6012/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe</ref><ref>https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20140218094324908</ref>

===Planet formation===
Theories of an old universe insisted that planet formation did not occur until long after the origin of the universe, contrary to the [[Book of Genesis]]. It was not until 2012 that atheistic scientists recognized and reported that planets formed at the "dawn of the universe," within a small fraction of the universe's age.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0330/Planets-found-at-dawn-of-universe-but-their-existence-is-a-mystery</ref>

===Extraterrestrial life===
For most of the 20th century, scientists typically believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, despite the lack of any reference to it in the Bible. After spending many billions of dollars looking for such life, and investigating countless reports of UFOs, no such life has been found.

===Starlight Problem===
The [[Starlight Problem]] confounds atheistic theories about the universe: light has reached us from stars that are too far away to transmit the light within the age of the universe. But the Book of Genesis explains this easily: "let there be light" means that God created light, not merely stars.

===Number of stars===
The Bible repeatedly refers to the number of stars as being innumerable,<ref>''See'' Genesis 15:5, Jeremiah 33:22 and Hebrews 11:12.</ref> despite scientists insisting throughout most of history that there were only about 6000 stars. In the early 17th century [[Galileo]] turned a telescope to the heavens and discovered a great number of stars that had been previously invisible to the naked eye.<ref>http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/astronomy95/orionpleiades.html</ref>

Not until the 20th century did scientists discover the tremendous number of stars:<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/index.html</ref>

:There are "10 times as many stars as grains of sand on all the world's beaches and deserts," totaling "7 followed by 22 zeros or, more accurately, 70 sextillion.

But even that scientific estimate was much too low. On December 1, 2010, scientists admitted:<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/1201/Universe-might-hold-three-times-more-stars-than-previously-thought</ref>

:"a cosmic embarrassment of riches – ''the universe appears to hold three times the number of stars many [[astronomer]]s might have estimated only a year ago''."

===Uniqueness of stars===
Although the use of telescopes to chart the outer-reaches of God's heavenly creation was developed around the 16th century in Europe, the Bible accurately hypothesized that every star is unique.

"There is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory"- 1 Corinthians 15:41 <ref>http://www.clarifyingchristianity.com/science.shtml</ref>

===Spherical Sun and Earth===
The Book of Isaiah establishes that the true shape of the earth is a sphere:
{{cquote|He sits above the sphere of the earth, and its inhabitants look to him like grasshoppers. He stretches out the galaxies like a curtain, spreading them out like a tent to live under: - [[Isaiah 34-42 (Translated)#Chapter 40|Isaiah 40:22 (CBP]])}}

Likewise, with respect to the [[sun]], the Book of Proverbs 8:27 ([[ESV]]) states:
{{cquote|When he established the heavens, ... he drew a circle on the face of the deep}}

The Book of Isaiah was written circa the 8th century BC, and the Book of Proverbs even earlier. This was centuries before Greek philosophers, beginning with [[Pythagoras]], theorized the earth was round, and it was not discovered until 2012 that the sun is perfectly spherical. Astronomers were not able to conclude until well into the second millennium of [[Christ]] that the Earth is also a sphere.

===Earth free floating in space===
The book of Job states that God "hangs the [[Earth]] on nothing." It also contrasts with Greek Mythology's belief that [[Atlas]] holds up the Earth, or ancient Hindu and Native American myths that the Earth was on top of a gigantic turtle.

The Bible presaged the modern view that space is in fact empty, which wasn't known until the dawn of the 20th century when ether theories became disfavored.

===Cosmic Background Radiation===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis Chapter 1]] explains that God created light first, rather than merely stars. A "big bang" would result in light everywhere, without darkness, and without ripples in cosmic background radiation. Yet in the 21st century ripples were discovered in cosmic background radiation, which can only be plausibly explained by recognizing that light was created first.

===Meteoroids===
The Revelation of Saint John notes,
{{cquote|And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. Revelation 8:8-9 (KJV)}}
This accurately describes meteoroids, essentially large chunks of rock lit on fire by the shock of entering the earth's atmosphere. They were not discovered until 1801, and their composition was not otherwise known until the 20th century.

===Stellar proper movement===
In [[Job]], a list of challenges are constructed in the form of questions, with the idea that man can't do it, but God can. Among these challenges, two are remarkable: one mentions the ''untying'' of Orion's belt, and the other is the ''binding'' of the Pleiades. Only recently, astronomers could measure the proper movement of those stars; Orion's belt is moving apart, with each star going in a different direction, while the Pleiades are moving together.

===Space flight===
Many theorize that the book of [[Ezekiel]] contains descriptions of spaceships and rockets, as they would have been described by someone thousands of years ago. [http://www.spaceshipsofezekiel.com/ Author Blumrich] has even published an entire book about this.

===Expanding universe===
The Bible explains, in 17 different verses, that God "stretched out" the heavens,<ref>http://www.creationists.org/God-streched-out-the-universe-bible-verses.html</ref> in other words, expanding the fabric of space-time from a smaller size to a much larger one. Scientists have discovered only in the last 100 years that, by studying the red shift of galaxies, the universe indeed appears to be expanding, or "stretching out."

==Meteorology==

===Water cycle, and the Six days of Creation Week===
The existence of the water cycle was widely unknown to pagan people's until imperial Roman times. But the Bible described the water cycle over a thousand years before that. In general, see [[Ecclesiastes]] 11:3, [[Job]] 26:8 and [[Amos]] 9:6.

There may be a more Biblically central reference to the water cycle: The reports in Genesis 1 of five things that God names (v. 5=two, v. 8=one, v. 10=two) seem to be consistent with five basic features of the geophysical half of Earth's life-support cycle. In Earth sciences, it is known that the total life-support cycle is irreducibly complex in relation to Earth's distance to the Sun, and this complexity maintained on an order of mere days' reserve: flora and fauna are interdependent, their interaction is necessary for the maintenance of the atmosphere, and if any one of those five features suddenly ceased, Earth would fail to support life in a matter of days.

==Physics==

=== Infinite entropy ===
According to [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]], "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state."—i.e., one of [[infinite]] [[entropy]].

In 2004, physicists at the [[University of Chicago]] solved a long-standing dilemma about the ever-increasing entropy in the universe by postulating that there has always been infinite entropy from the very beginning, which is as Genesis explained.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/816176</ref>

=== Immense power within atoms alluded to in 2 Peter chapter 3 ===
[[Image:Abomb.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|The [[atomic bomb]] that was dropped on [[Hiroshima]] unleashed the equivalent of about 15 kilotons of TNT.]]
The immense power within atoms is alluded to in the Bible in 2 Peter chapter 3.<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>

Daniel White III declares:
{{Cquote|John Phillips notes that Peter’s prophecy of a great, end-times conflagration of the earth and its atmosphere uses precise terminology that accurately describes a nuclear explosion. Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon define the “elements” as “the components into which matter is divided” (or atoms), and the term “dissolved” comes from the basic Greek word meaning to “loose” that which is bound (as in nuclear fission). The term “great noise” is found nowhere else in the New Testament and signifies “a rushing sound of roaring flames.” The term “fervent heat” is derived from a Greek medical term denoting a fever. But Peter’s use of it in application to inanimate objects is the only such known usage anywhere in Greek literature. Thus, Phillips observes, “Peter describes in accurate terms the untying of the atom and the resulting rushing, fiery destruction which follows it.”<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>}}

===Impossibility of a Grand Unified Theory===
Billions of dollars and millions of hours have been wasted by scientists in futile pursuit of a "grand unified theory" for physics. But [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis]] explains that the creation of light was done in a separate, initial creation, free of darkness or entropy, and thus incapable of theoretical unification with matter.

===Light and color===
Prior to the work of [[Isaac Newton]], white was considered to be the fundamental color of light, and other colors (such as red, green and blue) were formed by adding to white light. Under that traditional theory, the fullness of all light (a combination of all colors of light) would result in something other than pure white.

The transfiguration of Jesus is described with remarkable consistency in all three synoptic [[Gospel]]s: in the fullness of light Jesus and his clothing display an intense white, whiter than any bleach could produce. This illustrates what was not discovered and accepted until nearly 1700 years later: that white is the combination of other fundamental colors, and the purest white light is formed by a perfectly full combination (see [[Prism]]).

===Action-at-a-distance===
[[Jesus]] demonstrated [[action-at-a-distance]], as recounted in [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]]. Scientists, particularly [[atheists]], denied the possibility of this phenomenon for thousands of years. When Newton proposed action-at-a-distance as the basis of gravity, scientists continued to reject it, but eventually accepted it as being true.

Later the [[Theory of Relativity]] again denied the possibility of action-at-a-distance, but [[quantum mechanics]] subsequently proved that it does occur.<ref>See also [[Counterexamples to Relativity]].</ref>

===Quantum mechanics===
The fundamental principle of [[quantum mechanics]] is that the underlying reality is in random fluctuation, or chaos, until there is intelligent observation of it. This is precisely what [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#Luke 4:6|Luke 4:6]] reveals when it quotes the [[devil]] in saying that he has dominion over this world.

The world was an abyss of chaos at the moment of creation, as explained in the [[Book of Genesis]]. The order created by God is on a foundation of uncertainty. The discovery of this in subatomic particles in the 1900s, known as quantum mechanics, confirms the nature of the world as described in Genesis.

The Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff, Matthew 13:24-30, describes a fundamental uncertainty that does not resolve itself until there is observation over time, and [[The Parable of the Sower]] likewise foreshadows this insight. The authenticity of a simpler explanation of this parable at Matthew 13:36-43 has been challenged. The parable may refer to a profound and pervasive chaotic struggle between good and evil, or in quantum mechanics the uncertainty in position and energy.

====Resurrection====
Quantum mechanics discovered that particles can change their status in ways prohibited by intuition and traditional laws of physics, as in [[quantum tunneling]]. The logic of quantum mechanics even allows a living being, such as [[Schrödinger's Cat]], to exist in an uncertain state of life and death. The [[Resurrection]] denied by [[atheistic]] scientists is fully allowed by modern quantum mechanics.
====Observation of the wave function====
The second chapter of the [[Gospel of John]] describes the conversion of water into wine by [[Jesus]] at a wedding reception. [[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 2|John 2:9]] states: "When the host of the wedding feast tasted the water, it had been made into wine." This passage implies that the drink was not wine until it had been tasted, or observed. The drink was a superposition of the state of wine and the state of water until it was observed as wine.

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus draws a then-unusual distinction between what is fixed and what is uncertain by declaring, "Whatever you make binding on earth will be binding in heaven, and whatever you set loose on earth will be set loose in heaven."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Matthew_10-19_%28Translated%29&oldid=870778#Chapter_16</ref> This may describe the fundamental uncertainty that continues unless and until there is human observation that then causes the wave function to collapse into a particular ("bound") state.

====Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle====
Both the Old and New Testaments refer to a fundamental [[uncertainty]] that requires observation to resolve, akin to the [[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]] discovered in the 1920s:

* "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state." -- [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]].
* "The master refusing to order the removal of the weeds sowed among the wheat because of the uncertainty in distinguishing between the two until later." -- [[Matthew 10-19 (Translated)|Matthew 13:24-30]].

====Wave-particle duality====
Wave-particle duality, not discovered by scientists until the 20th century, is when something is sometimes a wave and sometimes a particle. Subatomic particles have wave-particle duality; so does light.

This is the same as God being a "wave" as the [[Holy Spirit]], and also being matter in the form of [[Jesus]]. An open-minded appreciation of the wave-particle duality of the [[Trinity]] could have opened the eyes of scientists nearly 2000 years sooner to the fundamental wave-particle duality of nature discovered in the 1900s.

Wave-particle duality is also evident in the [[Gospel]] account of Jesus walking on water: [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:45-54]]. A close reading of the passage reveals the wave-like (or light-like) characteristic of the walking on water:<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:48-49]] (italics added).</ref>
{{cquote|he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the boat, ''nearly passing it''. But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been ''a ghost'', and cried out.}}
Even today a more open-minded recognition of the truth of the [[Trinity]] would help scientists understand the reality of wave-duality.

====Quantum tunneling====
[[Quantum tunneling]] is the ability of particles to move through energy barriers even though ostensibly impossible based on classical laws of mechanical physics. This was not discovered by scientists until the 20th century.

Jesus proved this was possible in [[John 15-21 (Translated)#Chapter 20|John 20:26]], when he suddenly appeared before the [[Apostles]] in a closed room with completely shut doors. In addition, the explanation of the need for a "great chasm" between [[heaven]] and [[hell]] reinforces the possibility of quantum tunneling, in {{bible ref|Luke|16|26}}.

===Classical relativity===
Romans 10:6-7: But the righteousness that is by faith says: "Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'" (that is, to bring Christ down) 7"or 'Who will descend into the deep?'" (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).

Equating ascending into heaven to bringing Christ down is an example of the fact that there is no universal reference frame, and only relative speeds matter.

===Modern relativity===
The [[Theory of Relativity]] denies the possibility of action-at-a-distance. But several passages in the Bible, such as [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]] and [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)|Matthew 27:51]], describe simultaneous actions from afar.

The list of [[Counterexamples to Relativity]] has grown recently, and modern experiments in quantum mechanics have confirmed action-at-a-distance.

===Second Law of Thermodynamics===
The [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Book of Genesis]] states that the darkness or chaos in the universe can never overcome the light, or order. This same concept was not discovered in physics until the development of the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]], which holds that heat (or order or light) always travels in the direction of cold (or disorder or darkness), and never in the opposite direction.

[[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]] explains that the universe shall "wear out" like a "garment", centuries before the discovery of the physical law that [[entropy]] is always increasing.

===Nature of air===
Until about 300 years ago, common knowledge believe that the air was "empty" and didn't weigh anything. But [[Job]] 28:25 states, "To establish a '''weight''' for the wind, And apportion the waters by measure" indicating that the divinely inspired author knew the air had substance and weight.

===Conservative forces===
James 1:17 describes the electromagnetic forces (light) as having no "shadow of turning." Not understood for nearly 2000 years, this predicts that electromagnetic forces are [[conservative]] such that their [[line integrals]] over a closed loop are zero.

===Conservation of mass-energy===
[[Conservation of Energy|Conservation of mass-energy]] is one of the most fundamental laws of [[physics]] and is described in the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-universe-confirms-the-bible/|title=The Universe Confirms the Bible|accessdate=December 24, 2019|publisher=Answersingenesis.org|date=March 6, 2008|author=Dr. Jason Lisle}}</ref> It states that [[energy]] be neither created nor destroyed and instead the amount of energy remains constant. John 1:3 states that all things were created by [[God]] and that nothing has come into existence apart from Him. Moreover, in Genesis 2:2 it states that God ended His work of creation by the seventh day of the [[creation week]]. These passages imply no new material or energy can come into existence.

Secondly, God upholds all things by His sustaining power (Hebrews 1:3) and by Him all things consist (Colossians 1:17). Since neither matter nor energy will cease to exist, this implies that nothing new will come into existence. Together, these four passages imply that nothing new may be created nor anything destroyed: exactly what is described by the law of conservation of energy. There is the possibility of [[miracle]]s, but as supernatural interventions by God, they by definition do not conform to the laws of physics and are exceptions.

==Mathematics==
''See main article: [[Math and the Bible]]''

===Zero===
Mathematicians in Western Europe did not discover [[zero]] until many centuries after the Bible was written. But there are hundreds of references to the concept of zero throughout the Bible.

=== Set theory ===

Set theory was unknown until the devout [[Christian]] [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in the late 1800s to understand [[God]] better. But [[Jesus]] taught, “So the last will be first, and the first last” (Matthew 20:16 [[ESV]]), a concept that is paradoxical ''except'' in set theory. This set-theory concept is also echoed by the repeated references to [[Jesus]] as the "Alpha and the Omega" in the [[Book of Revelation]]. (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13)

=== Uncountable Sets ===

The existence of an uncountable set was not known in mathematics until [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in a paper published in 1891. But the so-called (and misnamed) [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#12:22|Epistle to the Hebrews]], which was possibly written by [[Jesus]], explains that the number of angels is uncountable.

===Banach-Tarski Paradox===
The only miracle described in all four [[Gospels]] is the multiplication of loaves and fish by Jesus, thought for thousands of years to be a mathematical and physical impossibility. But the 20th century discovery of the so-called [[Banach-Tarski Paradox]] proved a mathematical basis for creating identical copies of an object out of no extra material.

===Axiomatization of Arithmetic===
The full set of axioms for integer arithmetic may be found in the Bible. For example, [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)|Luke 12:52]] is a striking statement of the commutative law for addition: "For from this point forward there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three." This understanding presaged both later attempts at the axiomatization of arithmetic by Peano and the development of [[abstract algebra]] in the 19th and 20th centuries.

===Infinity===
Most thinkers scoffed at the concept of [[infinity]] for thousands of years, despite it being referenced in the Bible in many ways. See, e.g., Psalm 147:4-6 (God's "understanding is infinte"); [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)#20:1|Matthew 20:1-14]] ([[parable]] of the wages for the workers in the vineyard); Matthew 16:26 (one's soul has an infinite value to him, and nothing else can be worth more).

But [[Georg Cantor]], inspired profoundly by [[Christianity]], established a logical foundation for infinity that revolutionized all of mathematics as a result, with his development of [[set theory]] to accomplish his goal.

The [[New Testament]] contains many references to infinite opportunity. Though denied by [[economics|economists]] and others, infinite opportunity was confirmed by the [[Coase theorem]] as being available to all.

===Calculus===
The Bible emphasizes the importance of limits as a key distinction between this world and God; Calculus consists of relying on limits to derive useful results.<ref>[http://www.aiias.edu/ict/vol_27/27cc_225-239.htm Norie Grace Rivera-Poblete: "''God and Calculus''"], Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department of [[Seventh-day Adventist]], Prepared for the 27th International Faith and Learning Seminar held at Mission, Muak Lek Saraburi, Thailand December 3 – 15, 2000</ref>

James 1:17 states that the first and second derivatives of God's light (truth) is zero, more than 1600 years before calculus was discovered: "with [God] there is no variation or shadow of turning."<ref name="Shadow%252525252525252520of%252525252525252520Turning">[http://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/no-variation-or-shadow-of-turning-calculus-in-the-bible/ Nathan Albright: ''"No Variation Or Shadow Of Turning: Calculus In The Bible"''], Blog-Entry, Feb 24, 2011</ref>

===Arithmetic with Negative Numbers===

Negative numbers were not fully accepted by mathematicians until the 1800s,<ref>http://nrich.maths.org/5961</ref> including how a negative number dominates the result in multiplication with a positive number, to yield a negative outcome. Yet Jesus' [[The Parable of the Sower|parable of the sower and the seed]], in Matthew 13:1-23, Mark 4:1-8, and Luke 8:4-8, explained the same effect nearly 2000 years earlier.

=== Indeterminacy ===

The Bible repeatedly emphasizes that God is "unsearchable". See Job 5:9 (God "does great things and unsearchable"); Job 26:1 ("God's Majesty Is Unsearchable"); Job 36:26 ("Behold, God is great, and we know him not; the number of his years is unsearchable.") Psalm 145:3 ("Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable."); Proverbs 25:3 ("As the heavens for height, and the earth for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable."); Isaiah 40:28 ("Have you not known? Have you not heard? The Lord is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary; his understanding is unsearchable."); Romans 11:33 ("Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!")' Ephesians 3:8 ("to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ").<ref>All quotations are to the ESV of the Bible.</ref>

John 1:1 teaches that logic is part of God, and thus logic itself must also be "unsearchable". For many decades the finest mathematicians thought that the consistency of logic could be proven, until [[Kurt Godel]] (himself a frequent reader of the Bible) proved the indeterminacy, or "unsearchability", of mathematics.

==Sociology==

===Trolls===

The existence of malicious trolls on the internet is difficult to understand, until one reads Matthew 13:24-30 - the Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff.

===Crime===
Mark 4:22 says how nothing can be hid, neither can anything be kept secret. Empirical statistics show that the vast majority of crimes worldwide are solved.

==Sports==

The value of physical exercise was not discovered by secularists until late in the 20th century, but 1 Timothy 4:8 explained this nearly 2000 years earlier: "Physical exercise has some value ...."<ref>Good News Translation</ref>

==Zoology==
===Eyesight of Eagles===
Eagles have the finest eyesight in the entire animal kingdom: "they are able to see and focus in on prey as small as a mouse from up to 3 miles away."<ref>https://advancedfamilyeyecare.com/best-animal-eyes/</ref> This was predicted by the [[Book of Job]]: "its eyes penetrate the distance."<ref>Job 39:29 ([[HCSB]]).</ref>
===Morality of animals===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 3:1-10]] explains that only humans understand good and evil, and clothe themselves because of it. Repeatedly scientists have attempted to demonstrate that animals can understand morality also, but every attempt has failed. No animal (other than humans) has ever been found that clothes itself.

===Existence of dinosaurs===
[[Dinosaur]] fossils were not discovered until the 19th century, but the book of Job describes enormous creatures called behemoth and leviathan, the descriptions being similar to dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. It may also have referred to another similarly giant now-extinct species. Other dinosaur like creatures mentioned are the cockatrice and satyr <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v15/i2/behemoth.asp</ref>

===Killing methods of lions===
Until the 1970s naturalists believed that lions killed their prey by biting through the neck or by breaking the neck with a swat of a paw, while the Bible says that lions suffocated their prey. (Nahum 2:12) It was not until the 1970s that it was discovered that the [[Bible]] was correct.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BLions87.htm</ref> Lions fit their mouth over the mouth and nose of their prey and hold it while it suffocates, in addition to other killing methods.

===Giant sea creatures and Jonah===
The [[Jonah (Translated)|Book of Jonah]] describes his survival in the belly of a giant sea creature for 2.5 to 3 days. Scientists declared this to be impossible due to powerful stomach acids that quickly break down any material and the lack of breathable air inside marine animals.

In 2010, scientists found the following materials intact in the belly of a gray whale that had died after being stranded on a Northwest beach:<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/19/pair-sweat-pants-garbage-beached-whales-stomach/</ref>

*a pair of sweat pants
*a golf ball
*over 20 plastic bags
*small towels
*duct tape
*surgical gloves

Of course, many sea creatures have gone extinct in the thousands of years since Jonah lived.

===Gender of worker ants===
Proverbs 6:6-8 correctly states the sex of worker [[ant]]s (female), using the correct one of the two [[Grammar#Gender|grammatical genders]] available in Biblical [[Hebrew]]. Secular entomologists would not discover that fact until the 19th century.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rzwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&dq=ant+undeveloped+female+worker+date:1700-1850&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#v=onepage&q&f=false The study of medicine, Volume 5 By John Mason Good]</ref>

=== Harvester ants ===

19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior - namely the issue of ants/harvesting (Harvester ants). The Bible was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>

=== Hearing and snakes ===

The scientific consensus and the ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' both indicated that snakes can't hear.<ref>[https://creation.com/snake-charming-and-bible-accuracy Charmed, I’m sure!] by Calvin Smith</ref><ref>[http://ed5015.tripod.com/BCobra94.htm The Cobra and the Bible]</ref> The Bible said that snakes can hear. 21st century research showed that snakes can hear.

=== Vegetarian lion ===

''See also:'' [[Christian/Jewish vegetarianism]] and [[Religion and vegetarianism]] and [[Atheism and veganism]]

The prophet Isaiah says that there will be a time when the [[lion]] will lay down with the lamb and the lion will eat straw like the ox (Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25). There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>
[[File:8790lion-wont-eat-meat.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>]]
David Catchpoole wrote at the website of [[Creation Ministries International]]:
{{Cquote|From 1946 to 1955, A female African lion, born and raised in America, lived her entire lifetime of nine years without ever eating meat.1 In fact, her owners, Georges and Margaret Westbeau,2 alarmed by scientists’ reports that carnivorous animals cannot live without meat, went to great lengths to try to coax their unusual pet (‘Little Tyke’) to develop a taste for it. They even advertised a cash reward for anyone who could devise a meat-containing formula that the lioness would like. The curator of a New York zoo advised the Westbeaus that putting a few drops of blood in Little Tyke’s milk bottle would help in weaning her, but the lioness cub refused to touch it—even when only a single drop of blood had been added.

The more knowledgeable animal experts among the many visitors to the Westbeaus’ 100 acre (40 hectare) ranch also proffered advice, but nothing worked. Meanwhile, Little Tyke continued to do extremely well on a daily diet of cooked grain, raw eggs and milk. By four years of age she was fully grown and weighed 352 pounds (160 kg)...

Mr Westbeau’s observation of the lioness that ‘To condition her stomach she would spend an hour at a time eating the succulent tall grass in the fields’, is also a vivid reminder of the prophecies of Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25, ‘ … the lion will eat straw like the ox.’<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>}}

==Linguistics==
[[File:The Tower of Babel by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1563.jpg|thumb|350px|The Tower of Babel by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]
===Common descent theory===
The [[theory of evolution]] suggests that all languages are descended from a common ancestral language, and for a century (1860 to about 1960) scientists clung to that view. But now most linguists identify many different families of languages that have no common ancestor, just as described in Genesis 11 with the [[Tower of Babel]].

===Earliest Hebrew writings===
Skeptics have claimed that [[Hebrew]] writing did not exist before the 6th century B.C. But a recent Israeli archaeological dig dated four centuries earlier, in the 10th century B.C., included an artifact found at Khirbet Qeiyafa in the Elah Valley. This artifact contained a written inscription in Hebrew relating to "slaves, widows and orphans." Haifa University Professor Gershon Galil noted that this disproves the theory that the Bible could not have been written before the 6th century.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref> Furthermore, a curse tablet at [[Mount Ebal]] was discovered that contains Hebrew writing that may date as early as 1400 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Metcalfe |first=Tom |date=29 March 2022 |title=Ancient 'curse tablet' may show earliest Hebrew name of God |url=https://www.livescience.com/ancient-curse-tablet-early-hebrew |accessdate=8 June 2023 |website=livescience.com}}</ref> The tablet is even old enough to push back the date that secular scholars proposed for the [[Exodus]] of Jews from Egypt.

==Economics==
===Poverty===
Jesus stated that there will always be poverty,<ref>See Mark 14:7, Matthew 26:11 and John 12.8.</ref> yet [[liberals]] repeatedly insist that poverty can be eliminated with more government spending. Every attempt to eliminate poverty has failed just as Jesus predicted. In 1991 [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]] for the [[Coase Theorem]], which implies that government attempts to reduced poverty will interfere with efficient operation of the economy, and thereby reduce wealth.

===Socialism and Capitalism===
Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 says that [[capitalism]] is a gift from God:

"Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God give the him: for it is his portion. Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour; this is the gift of God."

Similarly, Ecclesiastes 6:1-2 condemns [[socialism]]:

"There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease."
===Invisible hand===
The "[[invisible hand]]" was not discovered until 1776 by [[Adam Smith]] in his magnum opus ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]''; the invisible hand can be understood as the [[Holy Spirit]] guiding people to productive activity.
===Opportunity cost===
The concept of [[opportunity cost]] is in [[Jesus]]'s teachings, at [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#6:9|Luke 6:9]] when he observes that it would be [[evil]] not to cure a man's withered hand on the [[Sabbath]], when it is possible to cure it then. Yet in economics the insight of opportunity cost did not develop until 1911.

==Government and Politics==
''See also [[Biblical political foreknowledge]]''

===Nation-state===
Ancient Israel, as described in the [[Old Testament]], was a [[nation-state]] and that model was not utilized again until thousands of years later, well after the Renaissance in Western Europe. This model of a nation-state has become the modern standard worldwide.

===Separation of Powers===
The separation of powers adopted successfully by the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787, with the legislative, executive, and judicial branches having separate authority and jurisdiction, was first described in the Old Testament.<ref>See Jeremiah 17:19 and Isaiah 33:22.</ref>

===Liberal influence on the media===
The Third [[Three Temptations of Christ|Temptation of Christ]] is to bow down and worship the [[Satan]] in exchange for becoming ruler of the world. The media plays that role and its influence is predictably liberal and anti-[[Christian]].

==Engineering==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge about these engineering developments has been proposed:<ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2191</ref>
{{cquote|automobiles (Joel 2:3-4); airplanes (Isaiah 31:5, also 40:31); submarines (Revelation 9:1-11); radio (Ecclesiastes 10:20); and television (Revelation 11:3-12)}}
Classical photography, using negative imaging, was predated by the [[Shroud of Turin]] with respect to the imaging on the Shroud likely due to the light of the [[Resurrection]]. The Shroud ([[Greek]]: σινδών - sindón) is mentioned in three Gospels: Matthew 27:59, Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, while John 20:5-7 talks about a face cloth or napkin ([[Greek]]: σουδάριον - soudárion - perhaps the [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]), and a piece of fine linen ([[Greek]]: ὀθόνιον - othonion). The description by the eyewitness John implies that his sighting of the Shroud may have confirmed his [[faith]], though he doesn't mention its photograph-like image.<ref>John Calvin, who opposed the Catholic Church, wrote a book in 1543 criticizing all material evidence of Jesus and the martyrs. In it he claimed that because the negative image on the Shroud is not described in the Gospels, it must not be authentic. [[John Calvin]]: ''Traité des Reliques'', Geneve 1543, translated by Valerian Krasinski: ''A treatise on Relics'', Edingburgh 1854</ref>

==Alleged "contradictions"==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge is an underpinning of creation science, and is widely credited by Christian scientists and apologists, including the organizations [[Creation Ministries International]],<ref>https://creation.com/modern-medicine Creation Ministries International on "Modern" Medicine</ref> [[Answers in Genesis]],<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp Answers in Genesis on "Modern" Medicine</ref> and [[CreationWiki]].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref>

Atheists and liberals unsuccessfully attempt to discredit the Bible based on science. Here are some examples:

===Value of Pi===
Two sections of the Bible (1 Kings 7, 23–26, 2 Chronicles, 4, 2–5) appear to indicate that the correct value of [[Pi]] is 3, whereas Pi is, in fact, an irrational number, equalling approximately 3.14159. Atheists, including [[Sam Harris]] and [[Richard Dawkins]], allege that this value indicates the fallacious nature of scripture.<ref>[http://richarddawkins.net/articles/139 The Richard Dawkins Foundation, ''Reply to a Christian'', Sam Harris -]</ref> However, a simple explanation of the claimed "contradiction" is that the Bible records the ratio of the actual object which Hiram created, not that of a mathematical [[sphere]]. The claim that it was round all about does not equate to a claim that it was a perfect sphere, as atheists have claimed.<ref>''Theology'', Volume 59, Issues 427-438, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain), London, 1956, p. 23</ref>

Additionally, Pi to one significant digit is 3. Just because the measurement is given to only one significant digit, that does not mean it was precisely that amount.<ref>There are no instances in the Bible where fractions are used.</ref> Of course, since Pi is an irrational number, it would be impossible to give a truly precise measurement. Since decimal notation was not in use in Biblical times, there was no way to express Pi to greater accuracy in the language of the day.

===Bat as a bird===
A favorite [[evolutionist]] canard is that [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:13-19]] labels the [[bat]], a [[mammal]], as a [[bird]]. The [[KJV]] translation of "fowl" is simply incorrect, as the Hebrew term '' 'owph'' did not entail the "clade" of birds, but was a non-scientific category simply referring to ''any'' winged creature. A popular Jewish translation, used to explain the laws of keeping kosher, translates the term as "winged flying things."

===Rabbits, coneys, and cud===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:5-6]], the Bible states, {{cquote|And the coney ''(or hyrax)'', because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.}} Although the term 'chewing the cud' usually means rumination (as seen in cows, for example), skeptics have claimed this is wrong in regards to rabbits and coney behavior. However, these animals do in fact use a similar process called refection. The underlying Hebrew words which are translated as 'chewing the cud' in the King James bible are actually much broader in scope, and mean simply 'to bring up' which is something both rumination and refection do.<ref>https://creation.com/do-rabbits-chew-their-cud</ref><ref>http://carm.org/bible-difficulties/genesis-deuteronomy/do-badger-and-rabbit-chew-cud</ref> This issue in translation is similar to the bats and fowl problem mentioned above.

===Number of legs of insects===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:20-23]], the Bible states, {{cquote|All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.
Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;

Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the
grasshopper after his kind.

But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you.}}While this may appear to indicate that insects have four legs (they have six), the passage is in fact referring to the manner in which the grasshopper moves. Grasshoppers have large back legs mainly used for jumping, and not for walking, which is when it uses its smaller four front legs. Thus, the ancient Hebrews were just describing things as they saw them, not according to scientific nomenclature.

==See also==
*[[Essay:Rebuttal to Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]
*[[Biblical political foreknowledge]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[The Bible]]
*[[Evolution]]
*[[Atheism]]
*[[Prodigal Son]]

==External links==
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Biblical scientific foreknowledge] by [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/scientific-consensus-and-evolutionary.html Jesus vs. the scientific consensus and evolution. Jesus wins!]
*"Ten of the Top Scientific Facts in the Bible", Living Waters Films with Ray Comfort. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2sMJMXDiH4]
*[https://www.drjbloom.com/public%20files/Science%20in%20the%20Bible.pdf Is there Science in the Bible?] by Dr. John A. Bloom

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Conservative Bible|*]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

{{Creation vs. evolution}}

Biblical scientific foreknowledge

2023-09-04T15:03:51Z

Ethan Parmet: /* History */ fixed unicode pasting error, or some issue like that?

[[File:Newton.png|thumb|200px|alt=Isaac Newton, cornerstone of the scientific revolution, based his research on the scientific authority of the [[Bible]].|thumb|[[Portrait]] of [[Isaac Newton]], cornerstone of the [[scientific revolution]], based his research on the scientific authority of the Bible.]]
'''Biblical scientific foreknowledge''' consists of the [[Bible]]'s many correct predictions of [[science|scientific]] breakthroughs. The Bible is a superb roadmap to future discoveries. [[Bible denier]]s, including many [[Atheism|atheist]]s and [[evolution]]ists, refuse to read the Bible, and '''''their irrational [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|closed-mindedness]] against the Bible obstructs the advancement of science'''''.

The [[Book of Genesis]] gives [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge#Anesthesia|an example of anesthesia]] long before man discovered it in 1846. And the underlying chaos and [[uncertainty]] in the physical world was explained in the Bible long before [[quantum mechanics]] confirmed it in the 1900s.

Biblical scientific foreknowledge also guides a more precise translation of verses that describe scientific-related events, such as the reference to the wearing out of the universe in [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]], and the [[Essay:Water into Wine|changing of water into wine]] at the wedding feast.<ref>See {{bibleref|John|2|1-9}}.</ref>

Modern thinkers who frequently read the [[Bible]] include [[John von Neumann]], considered the most brilliant of the 20th century, along with the influential mathematician [[Kurt Gödel]].

==Geology==

===Massive flooding===
Atheist scientists long opposed a [[young earth]] [[creation|created]] by [[God]] where cataclysmic flooding, such as the [[Great Flood]] described in the Bible, shaped the landscape. However, ample [[counterexamples to an old earth]] exist and the discovery in the Northwest of "giant ripple marks, 50 feet high and 200-500 feet apart" proved that a cataclysmic flood in the region had indeed occurred thousands of years ago. As a result, "[a]mong geologists, the concept of a catastrophic flood came to be universally accepted by the late 1950s."<ref>[http://www.iafi.org/floods.html The Ice Age Flood Institute reports on the massive floods in the Northwest.]</ref>

===Continental drift===
[[Continental drift]] was proposed by [[creationist]] Antonio Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 based on [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis 1:9-10]],<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c001.html Christian Answers explains Antonio Snider's divine inspiration</ref> which states, {{cquote|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.}} Because land is no longer all in [[Pangaea|one place]], this implies that the continents have shifted over the six millennia to their current positions. [[Atheists]] and [[scientist]]s who hadn't seen the light of [[creationism]] were in [[liberal denial]] about this concept for a century, until finally accepting its truth. This is just more data that the Bible knew millennia before [[secular]] [[science]] caught up.

The most likely reason for the current position and shape of the land mass is the [[Great Flood]]. Pangea does not work without flipping, shrinking, and sometimes removing countries entirely. Any Biblical statements of continents is in {{bibleref|Genesis|10|25}} when Peleg is mentioned "for in his days was the earth divided" this in particular refers to the separation of what today is [[Russia]], [[Japan]], and [[Alaska]], when the oceans arose, and also to the division of the peoples by languages, who migrated together according to their language after the confusing of tongues at the [[Tower of Babel]], obviously the migration took place before the oceanic divide which led to the natives of the Far West. Everyone laughed at [[Christopher Columbus]], not because they thought earth was flat, but because they had forgotten the Far West (America) was there, and they thought he didn't have nearly enough supplies or a big enough ship to go to Asia the long way around, and they would have been right if he didn't hit the [[Caribbean]] first by complete accident. Recent findings of biblical stone tablets, in Byzantine script prove that trade between Europe and the Far West was common prior to the Dark Age which began in 400 or 500 AD.

===Underwater springs===
Only in modern times have scientists become aware of the enormous underwater springs feeding into the oceans, and the very deep valleys at the bottom of the oceans. However, the Bible repeatedly described this thousands of years earlier in [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 7|Genesis 7:11]], which states, {{cquote|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.}} Again, in 2 Samuel 22:16, the Bible states that, {{cquote|And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.}}
And Job 38:16 “Hast thou entered into the springs of the sea? Or hast thou walked in the search of the depths?"

This is ''obvious'' proof to all but [[liberals]] that the Bible had foreknowledge of subcrustal oceans, something the ancient Jews could not have possibly known, and thus proof of the Bible's God-given accuracy and divine nature.

==Agriculture==

===Malthusianism===
Since Thomas [[Robert Malthus|Malthus's]] 1798 work, ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', [[liberal]] intellectuals insisted that the world's population would grow faster than the [[food]] supply and result in mass starvation.

This [[liberal]] falsehood is contrary to the [[Multiplication of the loaves]], as set forth in Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:5-15. Multiple additional examples in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, as well as the example of [[William Bradford]] at Plymouth Colony,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradford|first1=William|title=The History of Plimoth Plantation|date=1669|pages=135–136}}</ref> of the food supply increasing to be more far plentiful than expected, based on [[faith]] in [[God|God's]] powers and use of [[conservative]] [[economics]]. Indeed, in modern times [[obesity]] is far more prevalent and harmful than [[hunger]] worldwide, and food production far exceeds the ability to consume even in impoverished nations. Hunger remains a problem only in places with [[liberal]] and/or [[leftist]] political systems that impede food distribution or destroy the [[free market]].

As predicted by the [[Bible]] there is an abundance of food in the world, although distribution problems sometimes prevent the food from getting to everyone who needs it. Food inflation in the [[United States]] is very low, hovering around only 1% for the last three decades,<ref>https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/food-inflation</ref> which has kept overall inflation low.

=== Corn ===
Passages in the [[Gospel of Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke]] recount disciples eating ears of [[corn]] on the [[Sabbath]]. "Corn" and the [[Greek]] word for it is broader than [[maize]] and could have included grain, but ears of corn can be more attractive than ears of grain. Throughout the 20th century historians taught that maize originated only in [[North America]] and was introduced into [[Europe]] only by explorers such as [[Christopher Columbus]]. “George Beadle wrote in a 1980 Scientific American article, 'the development of corn by the Indians remains man’s more remarkable plant-breeding achievement.'”<ref>https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/11/the-mysterious-origin-of-corn.html</ref>

Really?? Plant-breeding of corn by only [[American Indians]]?? Though not [[politically correct]], modern research reinforces the [[Gospels]] by showing that [[maize]] existed early enough in [[Italy]] (depicted in a fresco by 1517) and [[Germany]] (in a herbal by 1542)<ref>https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/150485/eth-30594-02.pdf</ref> to undermine the implausible [[atheistic]] theory that it originated in [[Europe]] only from [[Christopher Columbus]] bringing it back to [[Spain]] on March 15, 1493.

For hundreds of years corn was considered to be a vegetable, but now botanists classify it as a fruit ... just as the [[Gospel of Mark]] said 2000 years ago at {{bibleref|Mark|4|28|version=KJV}}.

==History==

=== Psychogenic hematidrosis ===

Psychogenic hematidrosis, which is sweat turning into blood, happens very rare. but in the cases it does happen, it usually happens with death row inmates, as shown in 70% of studies on the condition.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjXMsq6SscA Police Detective Examines the Resurrection of Jesus becomes Christian]</ref> In the garden of Gethsemane, Jesus sweat blood (Luke 22:44). The early church was puzzled by the account of Jesus sweating blood given in Scripture and they didn't know what to make of it.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

=== Pleural effusion ===

The early church was puzzled by the blood and water that came out of Jesus' side when the soldier plunged his spear into him. The blood was not a problem in their understanding, but the water was. Medical science can now explain the water coming out of Jesus' side as being the result of pleural effusion.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

===Great Flood ice mummy===
[[File:The building of the ark.jpg|thumb|The building of the Ark by Bertram of Minden, ancient [[German Painting]].]]
According to the Bible, a [[Great Flood]] occurred around 3300 B.C., or about 5300 years ago. It involved a cataclysmic rainstorm of a magnitude never seen before or since. For centuries [[atheist]]s and [[liberals]] have mocked it, claiming that it was impossible. However, in 1991, an "ice mummy" was discovered in the [[Alps]]. Scientists located a remarkably preserved ancient body, including even the contents of his last meal, which was due to an extraordinary ice storm. By radiometric [[carbon dating]],<ref>http://www.nupecc.org/iai2001/report/B44.pdf Radiocarbon dating of the Iceman Ötzi with
accelerator mass spectrometry</ref> the scientists discovered that this massive ice storm occurred 5300 years ago, which perfectly matches the Biblical Great Flood.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html PBS on the "Iceman" in the Alps</ref> This is obvious proof of the Great Flood, as no natural occurrence could possibly explain how somebody came to be preserved by ice in the [[Alps]].

===Oldest Living Organism===

Bristlecone pine trees in California's White Mountains are the oldest living unitary organism. As predicted by the Bible, they are not as old as 6,000 years but are as old as 5,000 years,<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/US/photos/worlds-oldest-living-things-23385913/image-23386256</ref> roughly the time of the [[Great Flood]].

===False theories===
Jesus' recognition that the truth would remain hidden from arrogant "intellectuals" while simultaneously revealed to humbler, [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|more openminded]] people. This foreshadowed the creation of theories to pull self-centered intellectual wannabes away from [[God]], such as the [[Theory of Evolution]], the [[Theory of Relativity]], the [[homosexual agenda]], the [[secular]] culture of [[abortion]], [[Communism]], and countless other [[liberal]] and atheistic ideas and ideologies.

===Mankind remains extant===
The Bible predicts that the end of [[mankind]] will not occur by chance, but rather at a time known only to God. Despite the extinction of many species each year throughout history, the expectation by scientists that Earth would have been hit by chance by a massive, extinction-causing meteor, and laws of probability that predict other immense catastrophes, mankind continues and Christianity grows just as Jesus predicted.

===Construction of ancient sky-high structures===

The Bible—the [[Book of Genesis]] chapter 11—explains how ancient people arrogantly sought to construct a sky-high "[[Tower of Babel]]" to try to reach [[Heaven]]. Then, in the 1900s, archaeologists discovered the great ziggurat of ancient Ur, located in present-day southern Iraq, having characteristics similar to the biblical description of the Tower of Babel.<ref>http://www.bible-history.com/babylonia/BabyloniaThe_Ziggurat.htm</ref>

===Hometown of Goliath===

1 Samuel 17 of the Bible discusses the giant Goliath from a Philistine city named Gath, located in central Israel. In July 2015, archaeologists discovered its entrance in an excavation that began in 1899. They also uncovered evidence of a massive earthquake that occurred in the eighth century BC, as described in the biblical book of Amos.<ref>http://www.christiantoday.com/article/gates.to.goliaths.city.discovered/61124.htm</ref>

===Effect of Deafness on Speech===

For 2000 years after [[Christ]], scientists overlooked the close connection between hearing and speech, and the brain, and are just starting to discover this now.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/deafness-can-have-unexpected-consequences-on-speech-patterns/</ref> But [[Jesus]] illustrated the connection when he cured a problem with speech primarily by opening someone's ears, after which the man "spoke plainly."<ref>Mark 7:34-35 ([[ESV]])</ref>

===Common DNA===
[[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 1|John 1:3]] explains that "All things were made by Him; not one thing was made without Him." If something had been made without Him then creatures would exist that had completely different DNA from other creatures.

===Psychiatry===

The self-destructive conduct of cutting is described as part of [[demonic]] behavior in {{bibleref|Mark|5|5}}, yet was largely ignored as a psychiatric illness until 2010.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2010/02/10/123529829/cutting-elevated-from-symptom-to-mental-disorder#:~:text=People%20who%20cut%2C%20or%20intentionally,impulsive%20actions%20and%20chaotic%20relationships.</ref> In addition to the nature of cutting as a psychiatric illness, the mere act of cutting as a form of self harm increases one's risk for suicide.<ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Muehlenkamp JJ | title = Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 324–333 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 15839768 | doi = 10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 }}</ref>

[[Jesus Christ]] and [[Christianity|Christendom]] have emphasized the important of forgiveness and in the last few decades mental health specialists have increasingly seen the importance of forgiveness to alleviate anger/depression/bitterness and other emotional problems within individuals.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755173/ Indian J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun; 51(2): 153–156. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.49459, PMCID: PMC2755173, ''Forgiveness: A note for psychiatrists'' by Prakash Gangdev]</ref> Cutt

Modern medicine now realizes that obsessing with one's past is a big cause of psychiatric problems.<ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-flux/201104/5-ways-find-closure-the-past</ref> Jesus had the same insight 2000 years earlier: "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the [[kingdom of God]]."<ref>Luke 9:62 ([[ESV]]).</ref>

[[Anxiety]] today, almost unbearable in some, was predicted in the [[Gospels]]: "Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us,’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us.’" {{bibleref|Luke|23|30}}

See also: [[Atheism and anger]] and [[Atheism and bitterness]]

== The Bible and health practices ==

''See also:'' [[The Bible and health]]

Max Neuberger, writing in his "History of Medicine" states concerning the Mosaic laws:
{{cquote|The commands concern prophylaxis and suppression of epidemics, suppression of venereal disease and prostitution, care of the skin, baths,[17] food, housing and clothing, regulation of labour, sexual life, discipline of the people, etc. Many of these commands, such as Sabbath rest, [[circumcision]], laws concerning food (interdiction of blood and pork), measures concerning menstruating and lying-in women, and those suffering from gonorrhoea, isolation of lepers, and hygiene of the camp, are, in view of the conditions of the climate, surprisingly rational.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref>}}

===Blood clotting on the eighth day===
In Genesis 17:12, God mandated that Abraham circumcise his sons on the 8th day after birth. In 1935, it was discovered that Vitamin K, together with prothrombin, causes blood coagulation, (important in any surgical procedure). On the 8th day, the amount of prothrombin present is elevated above 100% of normal and is therefore the only day in the male's life in which this will be the case (normally). If surgery is to be performed, day 8 is the perfect day to do it as vitamin K and prothrombin levels are at their peak.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462229_Haematological_Basis_of_8th_Day_Male_Child_Circumcision_in_The_Holy_Bible</ref>

===Lifespan===
The Bible puts the maximum lifespan for man at 120 years (Genesis 6:3), the typical lifespan at 70 years and the typical for a good-living person at 80 years (Psalm 90:10).

Thousands of years after that was written, despite immense advances in medicine and technology, these figures remain remarkably accurate. The longest modern recorded life of a man is precisely 120 years (Shigechiyo Izumi), the average lifespan for a man is roughly 70 years, and the average for a good-living man is about 80 years.

[[Jeanne Calment]] lived to age 122, only two years past 120. She was said to have never worked and used olive oil on her skin, outliving all of her [[feminist]] counterparts.

===Oldest human ancestor===
The Bible suggests that the oldest maternal ancestor — [[Eve]] — first lived slightly more than 6000 years ago.<ref>http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html</ref> The mutation rate of [[mitochondria]] indicates roughly the same date for the most recent common human ancestor.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Mitochondrial_Eve_lived_only_6500_years_ago_%28Talk.Origins%29</ref> Scientific studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA changes 24 times quicker than originally thought.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380/</ref>

===Anesthesia===
The first surgical operation described in the Bible was the removal of a rib from [[Adam]], which was performed by first putting Adam into an unconscious, "deep sleep-like trance."<ref>[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 2:21]]</ref> This was the equivalent of anesthesia — thousands of years before anesthesia using inhaled ether was developed by William Morton in 1846. Had scientists and physicians been more [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|openminded]] about Genesis 2:21, they may have discovered anesthesia far sooner, and saved many more lives.

===Bloodletting hastens death===
At the time of Jesus and for centuries afterward, arteries and veins were thought to be filled with air, and blood was viewed as something to be used up rather than recirculate. Bloodletting—the practice of intentionally draining blood from a patient—was common medical practice through the time of [[George Washington]], hastening his death prematurely for reasons not understood until years later.<ref>http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37212.php</ref>

Most victims of crucifixion in Roman times languished on the cross for days. But the Bible describes how Pilate, who crucified many, was surprised at how quickly Jesus passed away. 2000 years later, scientific knowledge has advanced to understand that this was caused by his prior loss of blood during his scourging (being brutally whipped), a punishment typically given ''instead of'' crucifixion.

===Homosexuality and disease===
The Bible's prohibition against [[homosexuality]] predated knowledge about the [[Homosexuality and health|many diseases and disorders associated with homosexuality]], and thus showed scientific wisdom prescient for its time.

===Eyesight===
The description in the [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Gospel of Mark 8:24]] for the sensation when one's eyesight is restored includes his perception of "trees walking." This perception was first confirmed nearly 2000 years later as physicians developed medical techniques for restoring eyesight.<ref>This newspaper account is not specific but describes the overall sensation of restored sight: [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-138886/Robot-eye-restore-lost-sight-20-years.html]</ref>

===Maximum human height===
Atheists thought the size of [[Goliath]] in the Bible to be absurdly large (over nine feet tall), until [[Robert Wadlow]] grew to nearly 9 feet tall and was still growing when he died at a young age in 1940. If not for an infection that led to his death, Wadlow would have presumably reached, and even surpassed, 9 feet in height.<ref>https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/6/the-tragic-death-of-robert-wadlow-the-tallest-man-ever-708849</ref>

===Leprosy===
Although leprosy is not as contagious as other infectious diseases, and some forms of it (such as tuberculoid or paucibacillary form are not contagious), Leviticus 13 and 14 set forth rules to prevent epidemics of this disease among the people of Israel. Western science did not catch up until, in 1663, such laws were introduced in America in an attempt to curb an outbreak of smallpox.

Centuries ahead of medical science, Jesus subsequently explained that leprosy was not as contagious as people thought.{needs citation}

===Hygiene===
Millennia before germ theory was proposed in the late 19th century, Leviticus 15 mandated hygiene laws that included bathing, washing of clothing, destruction of contaminated pottery and washing of hands.

In Matthew 15:2, Jesus then curbed compulsive hand-washing by explaining why it was no longer typically necessary (in a non-farming, non-medical context) with respect to man's digestive system.

===Digestive system===
It was common thought throughout history that infections and illness resulted from the digestive system, based on unclean hands or food. Jesus rejected that view, and declared hand-washing before meals to be typically unnecessary. It took many centuries before science caught up to the Bible on this.

It is part of the Jewish kosher law to not eat milk with meat. In some Jewish homes they have separate refrigerators for meat and milk products. It comes from Deuteronomy 14:21 "...Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk." There is evidence that the body has difficulty digesting both meat and milk at the same time.

Also, as part of the Jewish kosher law a pork is on the list of prohibited foods. Under cooked pork can transmit Trichinosis, a parasitic disease that can infect muscle tissue, the brain, and the central nervous system, among other [[parasite]]s and zoonotic diseases. [[Creation denial|Creation deniers]] can counter this point only with such desperate non-arguments as asking why God had to create trichinae at all and then allow them onto the [[Ark]], with them ignoring the fact that perhaps God did not intend for all organic matter to be edible.

=== Dietary ===
====Vegetable diet====
The important health benefits of a vegetable-based diet were not realized until late in the 20th century, but this is explained in the [[Book of Daniel]]:
{{cquote|“Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.
Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”
 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.
 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.<ref>Daniel 1:12-15 [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%201&version=NIV NIV version]</ref>}}

====Fetal Alcohol Syndrome====
Not discovered until 1973 by American physicians, fetal alcohol syndrome results from harm done to the unborn child in pregnancy due to the mother drinking alcohol. The Bible, thousands of years earlier, forbade the mother of [[Samson]] from drinking alcohol while pregnant, so that he could become a powerful leader:

:3The angel of the Lord appeared to her and said, “You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son. 4'''''Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink''''' and that you do not eat anything unclean. 5You will become pregnant and have a son whose head is never to be touched by a razor because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines.”<ref>Judges 13:3-5 (NIV).</ref>

====Disease from Unclean Animals====
The deadly [[coronavirus]], which spread in 2020 from China, likely originated from eating unclean animals as designated in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14 of the Bible.<ref>https://www.ucg.ca/booklets/what-does-bible-teach-about-clean-and-unclean-meats/which-animals-clean-and-unclean</ref> Other diseases, such as [[Ebola]]<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html</ref> and SARS<ref>https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)14121-9/</ref> are also spread by unclean vector animals such as bats and rats. Most deadly plagues throughout history, such as the [[Black Plague]], have been spread by animal-to-human transmission, which can be countered by stressed distancing of activities such as eating said animals stated in the Bible.

====Animal Toxicity====
[[File:David Macht.jpg|thumbnail|right||200px|Dr. David Macht]]
In 1953 Dr. [http://www.creationwiki.org/David_Macht David Macht], a Johns Hopkins researcher, conducted toxicity tests on many different kinds of animals and fish and concluded that the toxicity of Levitically [[Mosaic law and unclean animals|"unclean" animals]] was higher than that of the [[Mosaic law and clean animals|"clean" animals]], and that the correlation with the description in Leviticus was 100%.<ref name=Macht1>Macht, David I., MD. "[http://members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/Macht1953.pdf An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Levitcus XI and Deuteronomy XIV]." ''Bulletin of the History of Medicine'' 27(5):444-450, September–October, 1953. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Macht's study in terms of classifying kosher and non-kosher animals matched the kosher classification performed by James W. Atz, Ph.D., Curator and Dean Bibliographer in the Department of Ichthyology of the American Museum of Natural History, NY, NY and adjunct professor of biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science on New York University. Dr. Atz's list of kosher and non-kosher animals was published by the Orthodox Union in Kosher Guide and in the Orthodox Union Kosher Consumer Directory.<ref name=Atz>Atz, James W., contrib. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fish/ KASHRUT.COM - Kosher and Non-kosher fish]" Scharf Associates, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> According to a list of kosher and non-kosher fish published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, deciding what fish have scales, in the Orthodox Jewish community, appears to involve semantics as scales which are not visible to the human eye or scales that cannot be removed without tearing the skin are not considered "scales" in terms of the Torah law for determining which fish are kosher. It appears that Jewish religious authorities do appeal to well known Torah commentators.<ref name=Goldberg>Goldberg, Chaim. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fishfaq/ Consumers’ FAQ’s on Kosher fish]." Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, 2004. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Also, Dr. Macht's classification of swans as kosher is in accordance with the research done at Ohr Somayach Institutions in Jerusalem, Israel.<ref name=ask1>"[http://ohr.edu/ask/ask210.htm Ask the Rabbi - Are swans kosher]?" Ohr Somayach Website, Ohr.edu, October 24, 1998. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Furthermore, Dr. Macht states in the peer-reviewed journal ''Science'' that the toxicology test he used was a reliable method for detecting zoological toxins as it was a toxicology test sensitive to these type of toxins, and therefore one could conclude it was also suitable for testing the toxicity levels of fish, meat, and poultry.<ref name=Macht3>Macht, D.I. , Science 1930, 71 :302</ref> (The toxicological method that Dr. Macht used was also cited in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.<ref name=Macht2>Macht, D.I. and Macht, M.B. ''Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine'' 1941, 26: 597</ref>) In addition, Dr. Macht was an expert in cobra venom, which is a zoological toxin. Macht's conclusions, however, were challenged by three of his science community peers in a Seventh Day Adventist publication although one partially affirmed his study.<ref name=Harris>Harris, Lester E., Jr. "[https://archive.is/20070709234205/members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/web/ministry-1954-March-p37.htm This Question of Unclean Meats]." Ministry Magazine, March 1953, p37-38. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> This was partly due to a likely unfamiliarity with what food is kosher and non-kosher. Also, perhaps they were unfamiliar with the toxicity test Dr. Macht used, and its apparent effectiveness in testing zoological toxins.

In the short term, eating non-kosher food often appears to have no dramatic ill effects in general. For example, the Arabs, who do not eat kosher, consider camel to be a delicacy. Clearly, non-kosher Arabs do not fall dead right after eating camel meat. However, the long term optimality of eating clean versus unclean meat is an unanswered question of science. Also, eating non-kosher foods clearly has some nutritional benefit. For example, shrimp and pork contain protein. The New Testament declares, {{Bible quote|For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is [[Holy|sanctified]] by the word of God and prayer.|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5|version=NKJV}}

In regard to the aforementioned verse, it could be argued that prayer does [[Holy|sanctify]] food. The Bible has plenty of verses regarding God's protection. Also, it could be argued that the benefits outweigh the costs in all foods and thus all food is good. Clearly there is some nutritional goodness in foods that the Torah declared unclean (for example, shrimp has protein). What foods are optimal from an empirically tested science viewpoint is often controversial. In short, in regard to eating strictly a kosher diet versus a non-kosher diet, science has no definitive answers at the present time. From a Christian theological point of view, it could be argued that food should not be an impediment to anyone making a decision to become a Christian. It should be noted that orthodox Christian believers in Biblical scientific foreknowledge believe that Christians can eat the food that was declared unclean in the Old Testament, and {{Bible ref|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5}} and {{Bible ref|book=Galations|chap=2|verses=7-16}} make this very clear.

In addition to the aforementioned study testing kosher and non-kosher foods for toxicity levels, Macht developed evidence indicating that combining meat and milk tended to be more toxic than either foodstuff alone.<ref name=Macht4>David I. Macht, Medical Leaves 1940; 3:174-184</ref> In addition, he compared conventional animal slaughtering versus kosher slaughtering and determined that kosher slaughtering produced less toxic meat.<ref name=Macht4/>

A 1985 study by Nanji and French found that there was a significant correlation between cirrhosis and pork consumption (Macht claimed that swine was more toxic than the animal meat the Bible called clean).<ref name=Nanji>Nanji AA, and French SW. "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858627&dopt=Abstract Relationship between pork consumption and cirrhosis]." ''Lancet'' 1985 Mar 23, 1(8430):681-3. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Modern pork production methods are different from ancient methods of raising pigs, so the result of this study might be hard to apply to the ancients or those who raise pigs by organic farming methods, without the use of hormones or antibiotics.

Jane Cahill reported in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' that the toilets of a Jewish household in [[Jerusalem]] were examined and no [[parasite]]s or infectious agents were found.<ref name=Cahill>[http://cojs.org/cojswiki/It_Had_to_Happen,_Jane_M._Cahill,_Karl_Reinhard,_David_Tarler_and_Peter_Warnock,_BAR_17:03,_May/Jun_1991. It had to happen, Scientist Examines Ancient Bathrooms of Romans 586 B.C.] by Jane Cahill and Peter Warnock. BAR May/June 1991</ref>

Today, some "alternative medicine" practitioners do not recommend pork to their patients. Their reasons include the possible content of hormones, antibiotics, and pesticides, and also the undiscriminating diet of the pig. Joseph Mercola, DO, who has a private practice in alternative general medicine, writes:{{cquote|Pigs are scavenger animals and will eat just about anything. Their appetite for less-than-wholesome foods makes pigs a breeding ground for potentially dangerous infections. Even cooking pork for long periods is not enough to kill many of the retroviruses and other parasites that many of them harbor.<ref name=Mercola>Mercola, Joseph, DO, ed. "[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/07/12/are-there-deadly-superbugs-in-your-pork.aspx?source=nl Are There Deadly Superbugs In Your Pork]?" <http://www.mercola.com/>, July 12, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>}}

Dr. Mercola does not even recommend pasture-raised pork, because wild boars will often infect herds of pork with [[Trichinella spiralis]] or other parasites.<ref name=Mercola/>

===Feasibility of abiogenesis===
Although scientists dismissed ideas involving [[abiogenesis]], or the process from which life emerges from non-living material, as nothing more than archaic beliefs in [[spontaneous generation]], the Bible very clearly depicts an occurrence of this phenomenon, for beginning in Genesis 1:20, God creates life from nothing. It was not until the early 20th century that science finally began to accept the viability of abiogenesis, a view that the Bible had held for almost 2000 years, except that [[atheists]] falsely claim that abiogenesis is somehow possible without a creator. For addition information, please see [https://creation.com/origin-of-life origin of life]

===Awareness while unborn===
[[Abortion]] advocates argue that it is ok to terminate a baby while dismissing the pain inflicted by ending an innocent life. They argue that a fetus cannot feel pain because senses are incomplete. There is a heart-beating human in the womb that can feel even though still unborn and developing. In modern times, we now know the baby in the womb is alert, aware of their mother's emotions, recognizes voices, responds to stimuli and music. The Bible tells us the baby feels (1 Luke 44), ''"the babe leaps for joy in Elizabeth’s womb at the sound of Mary’s voice."'' The inwomb developing baby, John the Baptist, notices the presence of the unborn [[Lord]] in [[Mary]], and is excited. In addition (St. Paul to the Galatians 1:15), ''"God… from my mother’s womb had set me apart and called me through his grace."'' Paul's very first thought, feeling awareness, began while unborn.

===Embalming===
[[Mark 9-16 (Translated)#14:3|Mark 14:3-8]] describes an embalming process to preserve a body after death, which was not discovered in the West until 1867.

===Significance of blood===
The Old Testament teaches that the [[life]] of all flesh is its [[blood]] ({{Bible ref|book=Leviticus|chap=17|verses=13-14|version=KJV}}). Secular science remained ignorant of the properties and circulation of blood until the 17th century A.D.<ref>[http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12_notes.htm Net Bible: Notes] to [http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12.htm#1234 Deuteronomy 12:23] {{dead link}}</ref>

===Menstruation===
The Biblical laws concerning [[menstruation]], including the setting apart of the menstruating woman and the prohibition on intimacy during menstruation, address health concerns that were not known to secular science until the 20th century.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref> Also, modern science has only very recently discovered that following such rules dramatically reduces the rate of illegitimacy.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182027.htm How Religion Promotes Confidence About Paternity]</ref>

===Cloning and a Common X Chromosome===
{{Bible ref|book=Genesis|chap=2|verses=21-22|version=KJV}} records that God made a [[woman]] out of one of [[Adam]]'s [[rib]]s. Secular scientists did not believe that [[cloning]] such a complex organism (apart from plants) was possible until 1997.<ref>[http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml Cloning Fact Sheet] {{dead link}}</ref> It should be noted, however, that this is not strictly 'cloning' as a clone would be identical to its original, most obviously in terms of its sex. Women can be cloned from the genetic material of men, but not the other way around, since women lack a Y chromosome. Women have the same X chromosome as men, but this was not discovered until the late 1800s. The Book of Genesis explained this thousands years earlier, describing how the first woman was created directly from man.

===Inbreeding===
Leviticus 18:7-11 elaborates in detail the relationships it regards as incestuous unions, to forbid inbreeding. Only in modern times has secular science caught up and been able to scientifically explain the harm to future generations of inbreeding.

==Cosmology==

===Distance of Oldest Star to Earth===

The Book of Genesis implies that the distance of the oldest star to Earth is how far light would travel during the age of mankind: about 6000 light-years. In 2014, a team of researchers discovered that the oldest star is indeed only 6000 light-years away.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140318194104/http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/6012/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe</ref><ref>https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20140218094324908</ref>

===Planet formation===
Theories of an old universe insisted that planet formation did not occur until long after the origin of the universe, contrary to the [[Book of Genesis]]. It was not until 2012 that atheistic scientists recognized and reported that planets formed at the "dawn of the universe," within a small fraction of the universe's age.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0330/Planets-found-at-dawn-of-universe-but-their-existence-is-a-mystery</ref>

===Extraterrestrial life===
For most of the 20th century, scientists typically believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, despite the lack of any reference to it in the Bible. After spending many billions of dollars looking for such life, and investigating countless reports of UFOs, no such life has been found.

===Starlight Problem===
The [[Starlight Problem]] confounds atheistic theories about the universe: light has reached us from stars that are too far away to transmit the light within the age of the universe. But the Book of Genesis explains this easily: "let there be light" means that God created light, not merely stars.

===Number of stars===
The Bible repeatedly refers to the number of stars as being innumerable,<ref>''See'' Genesis 15:5, Jeremiah 33:22 and Hebrews 11:12.</ref> despite scientists insisting throughout most of history that there were only about 6000 stars. In the early 17th century [[Galileo]] turned a telescope to the heavens and discovered a great number of stars that had been previously invisible to the naked eye.<ref>http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/astronomy95/orionpleiades.html</ref>

Not until the 20th century did scientists discover the tremendous number of stars:<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/index.html</ref>

:There are "10 times as many stars as grains of sand on all the world's beaches and deserts," totaling "7 followed by 22 zeros or, more accurately, 70 sextillion.

But even that scientific estimate was much too low. On December 1, 2010, scientists admitted:<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/1201/Universe-might-hold-three-times-more-stars-than-previously-thought</ref>

:"a cosmic embarrassment of riches – ''the universe appears to hold three times the number of stars many [[astronomer]]s might have estimated only a year ago''."

===Uniqueness of stars===
Although the use of telescopes to chart the outer-reaches of God's heavenly creation was developed around the 16th century in Europe, the Bible accurately hypothesized that every star is unique.

"There is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory"- 1 Corinthians 15:41 <ref>http://www.clarifyingchristianity.com/science.shtml</ref>

===Spherical Sun and Earth===
The Book of Isaiah establishes that the true shape of the earth is a sphere:
{{cquote|He sits above the sphere of the earth, and its inhabitants look to him like grasshoppers. He stretches out the galaxies like a curtain, spreading them out like a tent to live under: - [[Isaiah 34-42 (Translated)#Chapter 40|Isaiah 40:22 (CBP]])}}

Likewise, with respect to the [[sun]], the Book of Proverbs 8:27 ([[ESV]]) states:
{{cquote|When he established the heavens, ... he drew a circle on the face of the deep}}

The Book of Isaiah was written circa the 8th century BC, and the Book of Proverbs even earlier. This was centuries before Greek philosophers, beginning with [[Pythagoras]], theorized the earth was round, and it was not discovered until 2012 that the sun is perfectly spherical. Astronomers were not able to conclude until well into the second millennium of [[Christ]] that the Earth is also a sphere.

===Earth free floating in space===
The book of Job states that God "hangs the [[Earth]] on nothing." It also contrasts with Greek Mythology's belief that [[Atlas]] holds up the Earth, or ancient Hindu and Native American myths that the Earth was on top of a gigantic turtle.

The Bible presaged the modern view that space is in fact empty, which wasn't known until the dawn of the 20th century when ether theories became disfavored.

===Cosmic Background Radiation===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis Chapter 1]] explains that God created light first, rather than merely stars. A "big bang" would result in light everywhere, without darkness, and without ripples in cosmic background radiation. Yet in the 21st century ripples were discovered in cosmic background radiation, which can only be plausibly explained by recognizing that light was created first.

===Meteoroids===
The Revelation of Saint John notes,
{{cquote|And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. Revelation 8:8-9 (KJV)}}
This accurately describes meteoroids, essentially large chunks of rock lit on fire by the shock of entering the earth's atmosphere. They were not discovered until 1801, and their composition was not otherwise known until the 20th century.

===Stellar proper movement===
In [[Job]], a list of challenges are constructed in the form of questions, with the idea that man can't do it, but God can. Among these challenges, two are remarkable: one mentions the ''untying'' of Orion's belt, and the other is the ''binding'' of the Pleiades. Only recently, astronomers could measure the proper movement of those stars; Orion's belt is moving apart, with each star going in a different direction, while the Pleiades are moving together.

===Space flight===
Many theorize that the book of [[Ezekiel]] contains descriptions of spaceships and rockets, as they would have been described by someone thousands of years ago. [http://www.spaceshipsofezekiel.com/ Author Blumrich] has even published an entire book about this.

===Expanding universe===
The Bible explains, in 17 different verses, that God "stretched out" the heavens,<ref>http://www.creationists.org/God-streched-out-the-universe-bible-verses.html</ref> in other words, expanding the fabric of space-time from a smaller size to a much larger one. Scientists have discovered only in the last 100 years that, by studying the red shift of galaxies, the universe indeed appears to be expanding, or "stretching out."

==Meteorology==

===Water cycle, and the Six days of Creation Week===
The existence of the water cycle was widely unknown to pagan people's until imperial Roman times. But the Bible described the water cycle over a thousand years before that. In general, see [[Ecclesiastes]] 11:3, [[Job]] 26:8 and [[Amos]] 9:6.

There may be a more Biblically central reference to the water cycle: The reports in Genesis 1 of five things that God names (v. 5=two, v. 8=one, v. 10=two) seem to be consistent with five basic features of the geophysical half of Earth's life-support cycle. In Earth sciences, it is known that the total life-support cycle is irreducibly complex in relation to Earth's distance to the Sun, and this complexity maintained on an order of mere days' reserve: flora and fauna are interdependent, their interaction is necessary for the maintenance of the atmosphere, and if any one of those five features suddenly ceased, Earth would fail to support life in a matter of days.

==Physics==

=== Infinite entropy ===
According to [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]], "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state."—i.e., one of [[infinite]] [[entropy]].

In 2004, physicists at the [[University of Chicago]] solved a long-standing dilemma about the ever-increasing entropy in the universe by postulating that there has always been infinite entropy from the very beginning, which is as Genesis explained.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/816176</ref>

=== Immense power within atoms alluded to in 2 Peter chapter 3 ===
[[Image:Abomb.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|The [[atomic bomb]] that was dropped on [[Hiroshima]] unleashed the equivalent of about 15 kilotons of TNT.]]
The immense power within atoms is alluded to in the Bible in 2 Peter chapter 3.<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>

Daniel White III declares:
{{Cquote|John Phillips notes that Peter’s prophecy of a great, end-times conflagration of the earth and its atmosphere uses precise terminology that accurately describes a nuclear explosion. Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon define the “elements” as “the components into which matter is divided” (or atoms), and the term “dissolved” comes from the basic Greek word meaning to “loose” that which is bound (as in nuclear fission). The term “great noise” is found nowhere else in the New Testament and signifies “a rushing sound of roaring flames.” The term “fervent heat” is derived from a Greek medical term denoting a fever. But Peter’s use of it in application to inanimate objects is the only such known usage anywhere in Greek literature. Thus, Phillips observes, “Peter describes in accurate terms the untying of the atom and the resulting rushing, fiery destruction which follows it.”<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>}}

===Impossibility of a Grand Unified Theory===
Billions of dollars and millions of hours have been wasted by scientists in futile pursuit of a "grand unified theory" for physics. But [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis]] explains that the creation of light was done in a separate, initial creation, free of darkness or entropy, and thus incapable of theoretical unification with matter.

===Light and color===
Prior to the work of [[Isaac Newton]], white was considered to be the fundamental color of light, and other colors (such as red, green and blue) were formed by adding to white light. Under that traditional theory, the fullness of all light (a combination of all colors of light) would result in something other than pure white.

The transfiguration of Jesus is described with remarkable consistency in all three synoptic [[Gospel]]s: in the fullness of light Jesus and his clothing display an intense white, whiter than any bleach could produce. This illustrates what was not discovered and accepted until nearly 1700 years later: that white is the combination of other fundamental colors, and the purest white light is formed by a perfectly full combination (see [[Prism]]).

===Action-at-a-distance===
[[Jesus]] demonstrated [[action-at-a-distance]], as recounted in [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]]. Scientists, particularly [[atheists]], denied the possibility of this phenomenon for thousands of years. When Newton proposed action-at-a-distance as the basis of gravity, scientists continued to reject it, but eventually accepted it as being true.

Later the [[Theory of Relativity]] again denied the possibility of action-at-a-distance, but [[quantum mechanics]] subsequently proved that it does occur.<ref>See also [[Counterexamples to Relativity]].</ref>

===Quantum mechanics===
The fundamental principle of [[quantum mechanics]] is that the underlying reality is in random fluctuation, or chaos, until there is intelligent observation of it. This is precisely what [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#Luke 4:6|Luke 4:6]] reveals when it quotes the [[devil]] in saying that he has dominion over this world.

The world was an abyss of chaos at the moment of creation, as explained in the [[Book of Genesis]]. The order created by God is on a foundation of uncertainty. The discovery of this in subatomic particles in the 1900s, known as quantum mechanics, confirms the nature of the world as described in Genesis.

The Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff, Matthew 13:24-30, describes a fundamental uncertainty that does not resolve itself until there is observation over time, and [[The Parable of the Sower]] likewise foreshadows this insight. The authenticity of a simpler explanation of this parable at Matthew 13:36-43 has been challenged. The parable may refer to a profound and pervasive chaotic struggle between good and evil, or in quantum mechanics the uncertainty in position and energy.

====Resurrection====
Quantum mechanics discovered that particles can change their status in ways prohibited by intuition and traditional laws of physics, as in [[quantum tunneling]]. The logic of quantum mechanics even allows a living being, such as [[Schrödinger's Cat]], to exist in an uncertain state of life and death. The [[Resurrection]] denied by [[atheistic]] scientists is fully allowed by modern quantum mechanics.
====Observation of the wave function====
The second chapter of the [[Gospel of John]] describes the conversion of water into wine by [[Jesus]] at a wedding reception. [[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 2|John 2:9]] states: "When the host of the wedding feast tasted the water, it had been made into wine." This passage implies that the drink was not wine until it had been tasted, or observed. The drink was a superposition of the state of wine and the state of water until it was observed as wine.

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus draws a then-unusual distinction between what is fixed and what is uncertain by declaring, "Whatever you make binding on earth will be binding in heaven, and whatever you set loose on earth will be set loose in heaven."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Matthew_10-19_%28Translated%29&oldid=870778#Chapter_16</ref> This may describe the fundamental uncertainty that continues unless and until there is human observation that then causes the wave function to collapse into a particular ("bound") state.

====Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle====
Both the Old and New Testaments refer to a fundamental [[uncertainty]] that requires observation to resolve, akin to the [[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]] discovered in the 1920s:

* "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state." -- [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]].
* "The master refusing to order the removal of the weeds sowed among the wheat because of the uncertainty in distinguishing between the two until later." -- [[Matthew 10-19 (Translated)|Matthew 13:24-30]].

====Wave-particle duality====
Wave-particle duality, not discovered by scientists until the 20th century, is when something is sometimes a wave and sometimes a particle. Subatomic particles have wave-particle duality; so does light.

This is the same as God being a "wave" as the [[Holy Spirit]], and also being matter in the form of [[Jesus]]. An open-minded appreciation of the wave-particle duality of the [[Trinity]] could have opened the eyes of scientists nearly 2000 years sooner to the fundamental wave-particle duality of nature discovered in the 1900s.

Wave-particle duality is also evident in the [[Gospel]] account of Jesus walking on water: [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:45-54]]. A close reading of the passage reveals the wave-like (or light-like) characteristic of the walking on water:<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:48-49]] (italics added).</ref>
{{cquote|he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the boat, ''nearly passing it''. But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been ''a ghost'', and cried out.}}
Even today a more open-minded recognition of the truth of the [[Trinity]] would help scientists understand the reality of wave-duality.

====Quantum tunneling====
[[Quantum tunneling]] is the ability of particles to move through energy barriers even though ostensibly impossible based on classical laws of mechanical physics. This was not discovered by scientists until the 20th century.

Jesus proved this was possible in [[John 15-21 (Translated)#Chapter 20|John 20:26]], when he suddenly appeared before the [[Apostles]] in a closed room with completely shut doors. In addition, the explanation of the need for a "great chasm" between [[heaven]] and [[hell]] reinforces the possibility of quantum tunneling, in {{bible ref|Luke|16|26}}.

===Classical relativity===
Romans 10:6-7: But the righteousness that is by faith says: "Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'" (that is, to bring Christ down) 7"or 'Who will descend into the deep?'" (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).

Equating ascending into heaven to bringing Christ down is an example of the fact that there is no universal reference frame, and only relative speeds matter.

===Modern relativity===
The [[Theory of Relativity]] denies the possibility of action-at-a-distance. But several passages in the Bible, such as [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]] and [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)|Matthew 27:51]], describe simultaneous actions from afar.

The list of [[Counterexamples to Relativity]] has grown recently, and modern experiments in quantum mechanics have confirmed action-at-a-distance.

===Second Law of Thermodynamics===
The [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Book of Genesis]] states that the darkness or chaos in the universe can never overcome the light, or order. This same concept was not discovered in physics until the development of the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]], which holds that heat (or order or light) always travels in the direction of cold (or disorder or darkness), and never in the opposite direction.

[[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]] explains that the universe shall "wear out" like a "garment", centuries before the discovery of the physical law that [[entropy]] is always increasing.

===Nature of air===
Until about 300 years ago, common knowledge believe that the air was "empty" and didn't weigh anything. But [[Job]] 28:25 states, "To establish a '''weight''' for the wind, And apportion the waters by measure" indicating that the divinely inspired author knew the air had substance and weight.

===Conservative forces===
James 1:17 describes the electromagnetic forces (light) as having no "shadow of turning." Not understood for nearly 2000 years, this predicts that electromagnetic forces are [[conservative]] such that their [[line integrals]] over a closed loop are zero.

===Conservation of mass-energy===
[[Conservation of Energy|Conservation of mass-energy]] is one of the most fundamental laws of [[physics]] and is described in the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-universe-confirms-the-bible/|title=The Universe Confirms the Bible|accessdate=December 24, 2019|publisher=Answersingenesis.org|date=March 6, 2008|author=Dr. Jason Lisle}}</ref> It states that [[energy]] be neither created nor destroyed and instead the amount of energy remains constant. John 1:3 states that all things were created by [[God]] and that nothing has come into existence apart from Him. Moreover, in Genesis 2:2 it states that God ended His work of creation by the seventh day of the [[creation week]]. These passages imply no new material or energy can come into existence.

Secondly, God upholds all things by His sustaining power (Hebrews 1:3) and by Him all things consist (Colossians 1:17). Since neither matter nor energy will cease to exist, this implies that nothing new will come into existence. Together, these four passages imply that nothing new may be created nor anything destroyed: exactly what is described by the law of conservation of energy. There is the possibility of [[miracle]]s, but as supernatural interventions by God, they by definition do not conform to the laws of physics and are exceptions.

==Mathematics==
''See main article: [[Math and the Bible]]''

===Zero===
Mathematicians in Western Europe did not discover [[zero]] until many centuries after the Bible was written. But there are hundreds of references to the concept of zero throughout the Bible.

=== Set theory ===

Set theory was unknown until the devout [[Christian]] [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in the late 1800s to understand [[God]] better. But [[Jesus]] taught, “So the last will be first, and the first last” (Matthew 20:16 [[ESV]]), a concept that is paradoxical ''except'' in set theory. This set-theory concept is also echoed by the repeated references to [[Jesus]] as the "Alpha and the Omega" in the [[Book of Revelation]]. (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13)

=== Uncountable Sets ===

The existence of an uncountable set was not known in mathematics until [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in a paper published in 1891. But the so-called (and misnamed) [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#12:22|Epistle to the Hebrews]], which was possibly written by [[Jesus]], explains that the number of angels is uncountable.

===Banach-Tarski Paradox===
The only miracle described in all four [[Gospels]] is the multiplication of loaves and fish by Jesus, thought for thousands of years to be a mathematical and physical impossibility. But the 20th century discovery of the so-called [[Banach-Tarski Paradox]] proved a mathematical basis for creating identical copies of an object out of no extra material.

===Axiomatization of Arithmetic===
The full set of axioms for integer arithmetic may be found in the Bible. For example, [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)|Luke 12:52]] is a striking statement of the commutative law for addition: "For from this point forward there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three." This understanding presaged both later attempts at the axiomatization of arithmetic by Peano and the development of [[abstract algebra]] in the 19th and 20th centuries.

===Infinity===
Most thinkers scoffed at the concept of [[infinity]] for thousands of years, despite it being referenced in the Bible in many ways. See, e.g., Psalm 147:4-6 (God's "understanding is infinte"); [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)#20:1|Matthew 20:1-14]] ([[parable]] of the wages for the workers in the vineyard); Matthew 16:26 (one's soul has an infinite value to him, and nothing else can be worth more).

But [[Georg Cantor]], inspired profoundly by [[Christianity]], established a logical foundation for infinity that revolutionized all of mathematics as a result, with his development of [[set theory]] to accomplish his goal.

The [[New Testament]] contains many references to infinite opportunity. Though denied by [[economics|economists]] and others, infinite opportunity was confirmed by the [[Coase theorem]] as being available to all.

===Calculus===
The Bible emphasizes the importance of limits as a key distinction between this world and God; Calculus consists of relying on limits to derive useful results.<ref>[http://www.aiias.edu/ict/vol_27/27cc_225-239.htm Norie Grace Rivera-Poblete: "''God and Calculus''"], Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department of [[Seventh-day Adventist]], Prepared for the 27th International Faith and Learning Seminar held at Mission, Muak Lek Saraburi, Thailand December 3 – 15, 2000</ref>

James 1:17 states that the first and second derivatives of God's light (truth) is zero, more than 1600 years before calculus was discovered: "with [God] there is no variation or shadow of turning."<ref name="Shadow%252525252525252520of%252525252525252520Turning">[http://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/no-variation-or-shadow-of-turning-calculus-in-the-bible/ Nathan Albright: ''"No Variation Or Shadow Of Turning: Calculus In The Bible"''], Blog-Entry, Feb 24, 2011</ref>

===Arithmetic with Negative Numbers===

Negative numbers were not fully accepted by mathematicians until the 1800s,<ref>http://nrich.maths.org/5961</ref> including how a negative number dominates the result in multiplication with a positive number, to yield a negative outcome. Yet Jesus' [[The Parable of the Sower|parable of the sower and the seed]], in Matthew 13:1-23, Mark 4:1-8, and Luke 8:4-8, explained the same effect nearly 2000 years earlier.

=== Indeterminacy ===

The Bible repeatedly emphasizes that God is "unsearchable". See Job 5:9 (God "does great things and unsearchable"); Job 26:1 ("God's Majesty Is Unsearchable"); Job 36:26 ("Behold, God is great, and we know him not; the number of his years is unsearchable.") Psalm 145:3 ("Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable."); Proverbs 25:3 ("As the heavens for height, and the earth for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable."); Isaiah 40:28 ("Have you not known? Have you not heard? The Lord is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary; his understanding is unsearchable."); Romans 11:33 ("Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!")' Ephesians 3:8 ("to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ").<ref>All quotations are to the ESV of the Bible.</ref>

John 1:1 teaches that logic is part of God, and thus logic itself must also be "unsearchable". For many decades the finest mathematicians thought that the consistency of logic could be proven, until [[Kurt Godel]] (himself a frequent reader of the Bible) proved the indeterminacy, or "unsearchability", of mathematics.

==Sociology==

===Trolls===

The existence of malicious trolls on the internet is difficult to understand, until one reads Matthew 13:24-30 - the Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff.

===Crime===
Mark 4:22 says how nothing can be hid, neither can anything be kept secret. Empirical statistics show that the vast majority of crimes worldwide are solved.

==Sports==

The value of physical exercise was not discovered by secularists until late in the 20th century, but 1 Timothy 4:8 explained this nearly 2000 years earlier: "Physical exercise has some value ...."<ref>Good News Translation</ref>

==Zoology==
===Eyesight of Eagles===
Eagles have the finest eyesight in the entire animal kingdom: "they are able to see and focus in on prey as small as a mouse from up to 3 miles away."<ref>https://advancedfamilyeyecare.com/best-animal-eyes/</ref> This was predicted by the [[Book of Job]]: "its eyes penetrate the distance."<ref>Job 39:29 ([[HCSB]]).</ref>
===Morality of animals===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 3:1-10]] explains that only humans understand good and evil, and clothe themselves because of it. Repeatedly scientists have attempted to demonstrate that animals can understand morality also, but every attempt has failed. No animal (other than humans) has ever been found that clothes itself.

===Existence of dinosaurs===
[[Dinosaur]] fossils were not discovered until the 19th century, but the book of Job describes enormous creatures called behemoth and leviathan, the descriptions being similar to dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. It may also have referred to another similarly giant now-extinct species. Other dinosaur like creatures mentioned are the cockatrice and satyr <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v15/i2/behemoth.asp</ref>

===Killing methods of lions===
Until the 1970s naturalists believed that lions killed their prey by biting through the neck or by breaking the neck with a swat of a paw, while the Bible says that lions suffocated their prey. (Nahum 2:12) It was not until the 1970s that it was discovered that the [[Bible]] was correct.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BLions87.htm</ref> Lions fit their mouth over the mouth and nose of their prey and hold it while it suffocates, in addition to other killing methods.

===Giant sea creatures and Jonah===
The [[Jonah (Translated)|Book of Jonah]] describes his survival in the belly of a giant sea creature for 2.5 to 3 days. Scientists declared this to be impossible due to powerful stomach acids that quickly break down any material and the lack of breathable air inside marine animals.

In 2010, scientists found the following materials intact in the belly of a gray whale that had died after being stranded on a Northwest beach:<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/19/pair-sweat-pants-garbage-beached-whales-stomach/</ref>

*a pair of sweat pants
*a golf ball
*over 20 plastic bags
*small towels
*duct tape
*surgical gloves

Of course, many sea creatures have gone extinct in the thousands of years since Jonah lived.

===Gender of worker ants===
Proverbs 6:6-8 correctly states the sex of worker [[ant]]s (female), using the correct one of the two [[Grammar#Gender|grammatical genders]] available in Biblical [[Hebrew]]. Secular entomologists would not discover that fact until the 19th century.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rzwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&dq=ant+undeveloped+female+worker+date:1700-1850&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#v=onepage&q&f=false The study of medicine, Volume 5 By John Mason Good]</ref>

=== Harvester ants ===

19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior - namely the issue of ants/harvesting (Harvester ants). The Bible was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>

=== Hearing and snakes ===

The scientific consensus and the ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' both indicated that snakes can't hear.<ref>[https://creation.com/snake-charming-and-bible-accuracy Charmed, I’m sure!] by Calvin Smith</ref><ref>[http://ed5015.tripod.com/BCobra94.htm The Cobra and the Bible]</ref> The Bible said that snakes can hear. 21st century research showed that snakes can hear.

=== Vegetarian lion ===

''See also:'' [[Christian/Jewish vegetarianism]] and [[Religion and vegetarianism]] and [[Atheism and veganism]]

The prophet Isaiah says that there will be a time when the [[lion]] will lay down with the lamb and the lion will eat straw like the ox (Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25). There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>
[[File:8790lion-wont-eat-meat.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>]]
David Catchpoole wrote at the website of [[Creation Ministries International]]:
{{Cquote|From 1946 to 1955, A female African lion, born and raised in America, lived her entire lifetime of nine years without ever eating meat.1 In fact, her owners, Georges and Margaret Westbeau,2 alarmed by scientists’ reports that carnivorous animals cannot live without meat, went to great lengths to try to coax their unusual pet (‘Little Tyke’) to develop a taste for it. They even advertised a cash reward for anyone who could devise a meat-containing formula that the lioness would like. The curator of a New York zoo advised the Westbeaus that putting a few drops of blood in Little Tyke’s milk bottle would help in weaning her, but the lioness cub refused to touch it—even when only a single drop of blood had been added.

The more knowledgeable animal experts among the many visitors to the Westbeaus’ 100 acre (40 hectare) ranch also proffered advice, but nothing worked. Meanwhile, Little Tyke continued to do extremely well on a daily diet of cooked grain, raw eggs and milk. By four years of age she was fully grown and weighed 352 pounds (160 kg)...

Mr Westbeau’s observation of the lioness that ‘To condition her stomach she would spend an hour at a time eating the succulent tall grass in the fields’, is also a vivid reminder of the prophecies of Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25, ‘ … the lion will eat straw like the ox.’<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>}}

==Linguistics==
[[File:The Tower of Babel by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1563.jpg|thumb|350px|The Tower of Babel by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]
===Common descent theory===
The [[theory of evolution]] suggests that all languages are descended from a common ancestral language, and for a century (1860 to about 1960) scientists clung to that view. But now most linguists identify many different families of languages that have no common ancestor, just as described in Genesis 11 with the [[Tower of Babel]].

===Earliest Hebrew writings===
Skeptics have claimed that [[Hebrew]] writing did not exist before the 6th century B.C. But a recent Israeli archaeological dig dated four centuries earlier, in the 10th century B.C., included an artifact found at Khirbet Qeiyafa in the Elah Valley. This artifact contained a written inscription in Hebrew relating to "slaves, widows and orphans." Haifa University Professor Gershon Galil noted that this disproves the theory that the Bible could not have been written before the 6th century.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref> Furthermore, a curse tablet at [[Mount Ebal]] was discovered that contains Hebrew writing that may date as early as 1400 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Metcalfe |first=Tom |date=29 March 2022 |title=Ancient 'curse tablet' may show earliest Hebrew name of God |url=https://www.livescience.com/ancient-curse-tablet-early-hebrew |accessdate=8 June 2023 |website=livescience.com}}</ref> The tablet is even old enough to push back the date that secular scholars proposed for the [[Exodus]] of Jews from Egypt.

==Economics==
===Poverty===
Jesus stated that there will always be poverty,<ref>See Mark 14:7, Matthew 26:11 and John 12.8.</ref> yet [[liberals]] repeatedly insist that poverty can be eliminated with more government spending. Every attempt to eliminate poverty has failed just as Jesus predicted. In 1991 [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]] for the [[Coase Theorem]], which implies that government attempts to reduced poverty will interfere with efficient operation of the economy, and thereby reduce wealth.

===Socialism and Capitalism===
Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 says that [[capitalism]] is a gift from God:

"Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God give the him: for it is his portion. Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour; this is the gift of God."

Similarly, Ecclesiastes 6:1-2 condemns [[socialism]]:

"There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease."
===Invisible hand===
The "[[invisible hand]]" was not discovered until 1776 by [[Adam Smith]] in his magnum opus ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]''; the invisible hand can be understood as the [[Holy Spirit]] guiding people to productive activity.
===Opportunity cost===
The concept of [[opportunity cost]] is in [[Jesus]]'s teachings, at [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#6:9|Luke 6:9]] when he observes that it would be [[evil]] not to cure a man's withered hand on the [[Sabbath]], when it is possible to cure it then. Yet in economics the insight of opportunity cost did not develop until 1911.

==Government and Politics==
''See also [[Biblical political foreknowledge]]''

===Nation-state===
Ancient Israel, as described in the [[Old Testament]], was a [[nation-state]] and that model was not utilized again until thousands of years later, well after the Renaissance in Western Europe. This model of a nation-state has become the modern standard worldwide.

===Separation of Powers===
The separation of powers adopted successfully by the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787, with the legislative, executive, and judicial branches having separate authority and jurisdiction, was first described in the Old Testament.<ref>See Jeremiah 17:19 and Isaiah 33:22.</ref>

===Liberal influence on the media===
The Third [[Three Temptations of Christ|Temptation of Christ]] is to bow down and worship the [[Satan]] in exchange for becoming ruler of the world. The media plays that role and its influence is predictably liberal and anti-[[Christian]].

==Engineering==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge about these engineering developments has been proposed:<ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2191</ref>
{{cquote|automobiles (Joel 2:3-4); airplanes (Isaiah 31:5, also 40:31); submarines (Revelation 9:1-11); radio (Ecclesiastes 10:20); and television (Revelation 11:3-12)}}
Classical photography, using negative imaging, was predated by the [[Shroud of Turin]] with respect to the imaging on the Shroud likely due to the light of the [[Resurrection]]. The Shroud ([[Greek]]: σινδών - sindón) is mentioned in three Gospels: Matthew 27:59, Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, while John 20:5-7 talks about a face cloth or napkin ([[Greek]]: σουδάριον - soudárion - perhaps the [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]), and a piece of fine linen ([[Greek]]: ὀθόνιον - othonion). The description by the eyewitness John implies that his sighting of the Shroud may have confirmed his [[faith]], though he doesn't mention its photograph-like image.<ref>John Calvin, who opposed the Catholic Church, wrote a book in 1543 criticizing all material evidence of Jesus and the martyrs. In it he claimed that because the negative image on the Shroud is not described in the Gospels, it must not be authentic. [[John Calvin]]: ''Traité des Reliques'', Geneve 1543, translated by Valerian Krasinski: ''A treatise on Relics'', Edingburgh 1854</ref>

==Alleged "contradictions"==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge is an underpinning of creation science, and is widely credited by Christian scientists and apologists, including the organizations [[Creation Ministries International]],<ref>https://creation.com/modern-medicine Creation Ministries International on "Modern" Medicine</ref> [[Answers in Genesis]],<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp Answers in Genesis on "Modern" Medicine</ref> and [[CreationWiki]].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref>

Atheists and liberals unsuccessfully attempt to discredit the Bible based on science. Here are some examples:

===Value of Pi===
Two sections of the Bible (1 Kings 7, 23–26, 2 Chronicles, 4, 2–5) appear to indicate that the correct value of [[Pi]] is 3, whereas Pi is, in fact, an irrational number, equalling approximately 3.14159. Atheists, including [[Sam Harris]] and [[Richard Dawkins]], allege that this value indicates the fallacious nature of scripture.<ref>[http://richarddawkins.net/articles/139 The Richard Dawkins Foundation, ''Reply to a Christian'', Sam Harris -]</ref> However, a simple explanation of the claimed "contradiction" is that the Bible records the ratio of the actual object which Hiram created, not that of a mathematical [[sphere]]. The claim that it was round all about does not equate to a claim that it was a perfect sphere, as atheists have claimed.<ref>''Theology'', Volume 59, Issues 427-438, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain), London, 1956, p. 23</ref>

Additionally, Pi to one significant digit is 3. Just because the measurement is given to only one significant digit, that does not mean it was precisely that amount.<ref>There are no instances in the Bible where fractions are used.</ref> Of course, since Pi is an irrational number, it would be impossible to give a truly precise measurement. Since decimal notation was not in use in Biblical times, there was no way to express Pi to greater accuracy in the language of the day.

===Bat as a bird===
A favorite [[evolutionist]] canard is that [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:13-19]] labels the [[bat]], a [[mammal]], as a [[bird]]. The [[KJV]] translation of "fowl" is simply incorrect, as the Hebrew term '' 'owph'' did not entail the "clade" of birds, but was a non-scientific category simply referring to ''any'' winged creature. A popular Jewish translation, used to explain the laws of keeping kosher, translates the term as "winged flying things."

===Rabbits, coneys, and cud===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:5-6]], the Bible states, {{cquote|And the coney ''(or hyrax)'', because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.}} Although the term 'chewing the cud' usually means rumination (as seen in cows, for example), skeptics have claimed this is wrong in regards to rabbits and coney behavior. However, these animals do in fact use a similar process called refection. The underlying Hebrew words which are translated as 'chewing the cud' in the King James bible are actually much broader in scope, and mean simply 'to bring up' which is something both rumination and refection do.<ref>https://creation.com/do-rabbits-chew-their-cud</ref><ref>http://carm.org/bible-difficulties/genesis-deuteronomy/do-badger-and-rabbit-chew-cud</ref> This issue in translation is similar to the bats and fowl problem mentioned above.

===Number of legs of insects===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:20-23]], the Bible states, {{cquote|All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.
Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;

Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the
grasshopper after his kind.

But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you.}}While this may appear to indicate that insects have four legs (they have six), the passage is in fact referring to the manner in which the grasshopper moves. Grasshoppers have large back legs mainly used for jumping, and not for walking, which is when it uses its smaller four front legs. Thus, the ancient Hebrews were just describing things as they saw them, not according to scientific nomenclature.

==See also==
*[[Essay:Rebuttal to Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]
*[[Biblical political foreknowledge]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[The Bible]]
*[[Evolution]]
*[[Atheism]]
*[[Prodigal Son]]

==External links==
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Biblical scientific foreknowledge] by [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/scientific-consensus-and-evolutionary.html Jesus vs. the scientific consensus and evolution. Jesus wins!]
*"Ten of the Top Scientific Facts in the Bible", Living Waters Films with Ray Comfort. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2sMJMXDiH4]
*[https://www.drjbloom.com/public%20files/Science%20in%20the%20Bible.pdf Is there Science in the Bible?] by Dr. John A. Bloom

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Conservative Bible|*]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

{{Creation vs. evolution}}

User talk:Ethan Parmet

2023-09-04T15:02:52Z

Ethan Parmet:

== Removal of CAPTCHA ==

Ask [[User:Aschlafly]] to remove the CAPTCHA from your account. Tell him [[User: Conservative]] recommend him doing so. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:41, 26 May 2020 (EDT)

:Removed CAPTCHA as requested!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 18:31, 27 May 2020 (EDT)
::Thank you so much! [[User:Ethan Parmet|Ethan Parmet]] ([[User talk:Ethan Parmet|talk]]) 21:44, 27 May 2020 (EDT)

== Counterexample Entry ==

Good correction of that typo in the Counterexamples entry! Well done!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 19:43, October 16, 2022 (EDT)
:Thank you very much, Andy! [[User:Ethan Parmet|Ethan Parmet]] ([[User talk:Ethan Parmet|talk]]) 10:54, October 17, 2022 (EDT)

== Your Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events article ==

I just read your [[Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events]] article. Great article. Keep up the good work. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 14:18, August 31, 2023 (EDT)
:Thank you! I appreciate the feedback. [[User:Ethan Parmet|Ethan Parmet]] ([[User talk:Ethan Parmet|talk]]) 11:02, September 4, 2023 (EDT)

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-08-31T18:11:36Z

Ethan Parmet: y-chromosomal aaron sources from wikipedia for kohanim

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
* Modern geneticists scoffed at the idea that the Bible was correct in that all of the [[Kohanim]] are descendants of [[Aaron]], as stated in [https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0228.htm#1 [Exodus 28:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Ostrer H |title=Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-537961-7 |pages=97, 96–101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT69 |quote=This finding generated considerable excitement, because it was taken as evidence of the fidelity of an oral tradition extending over millennia... it has been discovered this Y-chromosomal set of markers is not unique to Jewish men... this record refutes the idea of a single founder for Jewish Cohanim who lived in Biblical times... Y-chromosomal analysis of Levites has demonstrated multiple origins that depend on the Diaspora community from which they came—they are not all the descendants of tribal founder Levi.}}
</ref> In more recent times, evidence has shown that Kohanim share close genetic links that do not exist in non-Kohanim Jewish or non-Jewish populations.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Behar DM, Saag L, Karmin M, Gover MG, Wexler JD, Sanchez LF, Greenspan E, Kushniarevich A, Davydenko O, Sahakyan H, Yepiskoposyan L, Boattini A, Sarno S, Pagani L, Carmi S, Tzur S, Metspalu E, Bormans C, Skorecki K, Metspalu M, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = The genetic variation in the R1a clade among the Ashkenazi Levites' Y chromosome | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 14969 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 29097670 | pmc = 5668307 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-017-14761-7 | quote = Remarkably, the five Ashkenazi Cohen samples formed the tight cluster J1b-B877, shared only with one Yemenite, one Bulgarian and one Moroccan Cohen coalescing ~2,570 ybp (Table 1). | bibcode = 2017NatSR...714969B }}
</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sahakyan H, Margaryan A, Saag L, Karmin M, Flores R, Haber M, Kushniarevich A, Khachatryan Z, Bahmanimehr A, Parik J, Karafet T, Yunusbayev B, Reisberg T, Solnik A, Metspalu E, Hovhannisyan A, Khusnutdinova EK, Behar DM, Metspalu M, Yepiskoposyan L, Rootsi S, Villems R | display-authors = 6 | title = Origin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267 | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 6659 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33758277 | pmc = 7987999 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-021-85883-2 | bibcode = 2021NatSR..11.6659S | quote = Another sub-branch—J1a1a1a1a1a1a2-B877—is specific to the Jewish Cohens [...] Its TMRCA of ~ 3.2 kya (95% HPD = 2.4–4.0 kya) overlaps with the previous estimate.}}</ref>
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*The "black and beautiful" as described in [[Song of Songs]] at [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16445/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v5 [Song of Songs 1:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] was ambiguous to Western and Middle Eastern thinkers for a long time, but following restablishment of contact with the Ethiopian Beta Israel, it has been theorized that the "black and beautiful" is a reference to the [[Queen of Sheba]], who visited [[King Solomon]] according to Ethiopian historical accounts.<ref>{{cite book |title=The complete guide to the Bible |last=Miller |first=Stephan M. |page=175}}</ref> In the [[2 Chronicles 1-9 (Translated)|second book of Chronicles]], it is stated that she shared royal gifts with Solomon. The 14th century Ethiopic work ''Kebra Nagast'', it is stated that her son, the offspring of Solomon, visited him as an adult and Solomon acknowledged him as his rightful son.
*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-08-30T14:48:11Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Rising sea levels */ maldives update

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of August 30th, 2023, 2024 is a few months away and there is no sign that the Maldives will be submerged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1940, The Knoxville News-Sentinel suggested that the idea than sunspots were not a good theory for a warming climate, and did not even discuss the topic of human activity. In its place, the paper suggests that volcanoes are the likely culprit for global warming. Despite the fact that scientists already know that volcanic eruptions can cause drops in temperature, there is a stark lack of modern volcanic eruptions to correspond with modern day climate claims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-02 |title='Why' of the Weather |pages=16 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/89558430/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
* In 1941, [[Stanford University]] predicted that the [[Humboldt current]] would cause Pacific hurricanes to shift 10 degrees south of where they used to be, generally around [[Acapulco]] in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1941-11-26 |title=Climate Change Due to Shift of Current |pages=1 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times/89605373/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> Far from the case, the 2020 Pacific hurricane season still hit around the middle of Mexico.<ref>{{Citation |last=Supportstorm |title=English: This map shows the tracks of all tropical cyclones in the 2020 Pacific hurricane season. The points show the location of each storm at 6-hour intervals. The colour represents the storm's maximum sustained wind speeds as classified in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (see below), and the shape of the data points represent the type of the storm. |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2020_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> If anything, major storms are travelling further north, as Hurricane Hillary, a Category 4 storm, hit Southern California in August of 2023, making landfall north of Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web |title=POST-TROPICAL CYCLONE HILARY |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/refresh/graphics_ep4+shtml/030420.shtml?gm_track |access-date=2023-08-30 |website=www.nhc.noaa.gov}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-08-30T14:45:28Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Season shifting/Hurricane & tornado season */

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1940, The Knoxville News-Sentinel suggested that the idea than sunspots were not a good theory for a warming climate, and did not even discuss the topic of human activity. In its place, the paper suggests that volcanoes are the likely culprit for global warming. Despite the fact that scientists already know that volcanic eruptions can cause drops in temperature, there is a stark lack of modern volcanic eruptions to correspond with modern day climate claims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-02 |title='Why' of the Weather |pages=16 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/89558430/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
* In 1941, [[Stanford University]] predicted that the [[Humboldt current]] would cause Pacific hurricanes to shift 10 degrees south of where they used to be, generally around [[Acapulco]] in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1941-11-26 |title=Climate Change Due to Shift of Current |pages=1 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times/89605373/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> Far from the case, the 2020 Pacific hurricane season still hit around the middle of Mexico.<ref>{{Citation |last=Supportstorm |title=English: This map shows the tracks of all tropical cyclones in the 2020 Pacific hurricane season. The points show the location of each storm at 6-hour intervals. The colour represents the storm's maximum sustained wind speeds as classified in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (see below), and the shape of the data points represent the type of the storm. |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2020_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> If anything, major storms are travelling further north, as Hurricane Hillary, a Category 4 storm, hit Southern California in August of 2023, making landfall north of Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web |title=POST-TROPICAL CYCLONE HILARY |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/refresh/graphics_ep4+shtml/030420.shtml?gm_track |access-date=2023-08-30 |website=www.nhc.noaa.gov}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-08-30T14:44:51Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season */ santa maria times stanford university predicted shift of the humboldt current

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1940, The Knoxville News-Sentinel suggested that the idea than sunspots were not a good theory for a warming climate, and did not even discuss the topic of human activity. In its place, the paper suggests that volcanoes are the likely culprit for global warming. Despite the fact that scientists already know that volcanic eruptions can cause drops in temperature, there is a stark lack of modern volcanic eruptions to correspond with modern day climate claims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-02 |title='Why' of the Weather |pages=16 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/89558430/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
* In 1941, [[Stanford University]] predicted that the [[Humboldt current]] would cause Pacific hurricanes to shift 10 degrees south of where they used to be, generally around [[Acapulco]] in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1941-11-26 |title=Climate Change Due to Shift of Current |pages=1 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times/89605373/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> Far from the case, the 2020 Pacific hurricane season still hit around the middle of Mexico.<ref>{{Citation |last=Supportstorm |title=English: This map shows the tracks of all tropical cyclones in the 2020 Pacific hurricane season. The points show the location of each storm at 6-hour intervals. The colour represents the storm's maximum sustained wind speeds as classified in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (see below), and the shape of the data points represent the type of the storm. |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2020_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref> If anything, major storms are travelling further north, as Hurricane Hillary, a Category 4 storm, hit Southern California, making landfall north of Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web |title=POST-TROPICAL CYCLONE HILARY |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/refresh/graphics_ep4+shtml/030420.shtml?gm_track |access-date=2023-08-30 |website=www.nhc.noaa.gov}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-08-30T13:21:06Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Warming climate */ volcanoes responsible for global warming - knoxville news sentinel

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1940, The Knoxville News-Sentinel suggested that the idea than sunspots were not a good theory for a warming climate, and did not even discuss the topic of human activity. In its place, the paper suggests that volcanoes are the likely culprit for global warming. Despite the fact that scientists already know that volcanic eruptions can cause drops in temperature, there is a stark lack of modern volcanic eruptions to correspond with modern day climate claims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-02 |title='Why' of the Weather |pages=16 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/89558430/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-08-30T13:15:57Z

Ethan Parmet: bureau 1940 daily notes

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Following the same trend, the Bureau stated in 1940 that the climate changing was simply a cyclical event. There would be a period of hot, dry years with harsher summers and milder winters followed by some years of cooler, wetter seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1940-02-09 |title=Weather Men Say Wet, Cold Cycle is Next |pages=16 |work=The Daily Notes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-notes-climate-change/107505424/ |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

User talk:Aschlafly

2023-08-21T21:58:03Z

Ethan Parmet: /* An Admin is vandalizing other users Talk pages, again, in violation of the Castle rule, to hide his embarrassing arguments */

==Re:User talk pages==
[[File:Clandestine.PNG|right|500px|thumb|Despite User:Cons incessant trolling and globalist views, Citizen Journalists have defeated the mainstream globalist narrative and saved the planet from Chernobyl 2.0.]]
::::(ec) Ok. I apologize, and I will adhere to that policy. I only ask User:Conservative cease his relentless trolling of me with pure nonsense. We have just gone through probably the most difficult week of the [[Ukraine war]], and I must have wasted more than two whole days of that week with his uninformed, unconstructive, redundant, incessant trolling on other talk pages. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 03:02, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:::::None of this is good faith editing. He apparently [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User:Conservative/mail&diff=1960864&oldid=1960856 just moments ago forged User:Elijahandskip's signature] to his user talk page (without a date and time stamp) and there is [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?limit=500&tagfilter=&title=Special%3AContributions&contribs=user&target=Elijahandskip&namespace=3&tagfilter=&year=2023&month=-1 no record of User:Elijahandskip ever posting to his talk page.] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 03:16, July 7, 2023 (EDT)
::::::Andy, I replaced Elijahskip's post [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special:Undelete&target=User%3AConservative%2Fmail&diff=prev&timestamp=20210331163215 HERE], with a more recent response I made to my [[User:Conservative/mail]] page which came from [[User: NishantXavier]]. But I am guessing you are not obsessing over any minutiae related to my posts. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 03:46, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:::::::Bad faith editing is bad faith editing. The question is, why was a polite and cordial invitation from a good faith editor 2 and half years ago ever ignored and summarily deleted in the first place? And why is it resurrected now, after the good faith editor was treated rudely and ignored? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 03:51, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:::::::Pardon me, but I don't believe when we passed the "Castle" rule, it gave Admins the right to treat good faith editors rudely and ignore their requests and inquiries. If you wanted to ignore him, that is one thing; to delete his posting completely as if his time and effort is just garbage and beneath you, is another. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:00, July 7, 2023 (EDT)
I am not having any further discussions with RobS due to him: rudely using templates covering my texts in civil discussions; reverting cordial posts in civil discussions; falsely calling me a Nazi; screaming over the phone, etc.

I read an interesting article entitled [https://medium.com/the-mission/youre-not-the-average-of-the-five-people-you-surround-yourself-with-f21b817f6e69 You’re NOT The Average Of The Five People You Surround Yourself With] which essentially echos the American basketball coach John Wooden who said “You show me your friends, and I’ll show you your future.” I also recently read the classic assertiveness training book entitled "Your Perfect Right" which is a fantastic book - especially when it comes to dealing with difficult people.

Needless to say, my days of having unnecessary discussions with RobS are over. And I am not reading his content. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 04:05, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:"Rudely using templates", huh? From now on, what if I just delete the whole talk page you post to, as you have done for 15 years? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:10, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:Andy, above is a prime example of one if his trolling techniques: to [[spam]] the discussion with extraneous and irrelevant material. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:12, July 7, 2023 (EDT)
::Andy, as I am sure you are aware, I have actively attempted to avoid interacting with RobS. And you kindly asking RobS to stop posting to my user talk page should temper his recent obsessive behavior towards me. I suggest that RobS fill his schedule chock-full of meaningful activities rather than obsessively posting to my talk page messages that he knows that I am not interested in. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 04:18, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

:::More spam and more bad faith editing. You invited yourself here to Andy's talk page to interrupt my comments to Andy. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:24, July 7, 2023 (EDT)
::::RobS, I have nothing further to say to you. I am going to go back to doing more productive things. I suggest you do the same and move on. Life is too short to engage in pointless obsessions and petty bickering. But by all means, feel free to engage in [[last wordism]]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 04:32, July 7, 2023 (EDT)
:::::I do not believe, as you told me on the phone, that Andy agrees with you that conservativism means being stubborn and ignorant. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:36, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

===More bad faith editing===
After being called out for dishonesty and fraud by altering an editor's good faith posting, [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User:Conservative/mail&diff=1960864&oldid=1960856 he again misuses the Deletion log] to cover his tracks. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 04:55, July 7, 2023 (EDT)

*[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Essay:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F&curid=178063&action=history 3+ hours and 65 edits] on an [https://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Essay:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F Attack page]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 15:12, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
:I have been [[troll]]ed now [https://www.conservapedia.com/Special:RecentChanges for 5 hours with specious editing and an attack page], wasting an entire day. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 17:37, July 8, 2023 (EDT)

*Ever since User:Conservative made his [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:NishantXavier&diff=prev&oldid=1967969#Did_a_final_post "final post" to a Debate page] this morning, he has turned it into another [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:_Luther,_Protestantism_vs._Catholicism:_Which_is_better%3F&curid=178495&action=history spamfest with nearly 40,000 bytes of anti-Catholic bigotry.] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:15, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
::NishantXavier is the person debating me RobS - not you. And NishantXavier has criticized various Protestants and Protestantism in our Protestantism vs. Catholicism debate and of course I am going to criticize Catholicism and various Catholics in our debate.

::In addition, the User: Conservative account has had a Catholic editor use the account. I haven't had problems with the Catholic editor who shared the User: Conservative account for entire time he has used the account (And Andy doesn't have any issues with him either and allowed me to share the account with him). Also, Andy Schlafly is a Catholic and we have a cordial relationship. And unlike you, RobS, I have never been desysoped by Andy due to uncivil behavior. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 20:27, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
:::Go on, just keep venting your spleen against Roman Catholicism for 12 hours after you said you made your final post. That, by any definition is [[trolling]] and being incourteous to other users' time. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:38, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
::::I have an inclination that our debate is winding down. I know I have touched upon the most relevant points I wished to make. It's been a while since I was a Catholic so it took a while for me to recall some of the points about Catholicism that I neglected to mention in the first 90% of our debate. In addition, I was mainly responding to User: NishantXavier throughout most of the debate. But in the latter portion of the debate, I initiated some of my own points. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:14, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
:::::The Debate was supposed to be about you responding to criticism of the writings of Martin Luther, not attacking Catholicism. Nice venture into [[whataboutism]]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:27, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
I disagree. The title of the debate is: [[Debate: Luther, Protestantism vs. Catholicism: Which is better?]] and User: NishantXavier has made many posts to it. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:45, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
:Why would I agree to a "boxing match" where I could merely block my opponent's jabs, but I couldn't make any counter jabs? I would never agree to such a debate. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:49, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
::You're trolling now. All anyone needs to do is read the "debate" from the top line. It began with you calling the Body of Christ "a corrupt joke" two years ago, and standing by your statement now. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:38, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
:::RobS, you called Catholicism "a false gospel" as can be seen [https://www.conservapedia.com/Debate:Does_the_Catholic_Church_have_the_biblical_authority_of_Christ_Himself_to_preach_and_to_teach_the_truth_forever%3F#User:RobSmith HERE]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:42, August 4, 2023 (EDT)
::::I said the Roman Church teaches a false gospel (as many, many churches do). That's a far cry from calling the church members "a corrupt joke", which you've had three years to ponder over and doubled down on. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 23:24, August 4, 2023 (EDT)

*He has dozens of times to myself and to other users, in CP, on the phone, and in emails, said he has no interest in politics and is withdrawing from discussions, yet continues creating trolling Essays in support of [[globalism]] and [[Ukrainian Nazi]]ism. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:54, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

===Trolling===
*This pledge here [https://www.conservapedia.com/File:I_am_not_going_to_comment_on_the_war_in_Ukraine_further_on_the_website_or_about_Russia_or_Ukraine._Conservative,_August_14,_2023.PNG (8:14, 8-14-23)] did not take long to violate, at all. [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User:Conservative&diff=next&oldid=1971403 (11:43, 8-16-23)] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 16:32, August 16, 2023 (EDT)
:*[https://www.conservapedia.com/Special:Contributions/Conservative (23:12)] Returned to troll some more. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 23:46, August 16, 2023 (EDT)
:*[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User:Conservative&curid=178644&diff=1971951&oldid=1971691 Again].[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:23, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
:*[[Conservapedia:Inappropriate/trolling behavior - Examples]]:
::* Monopolizing discussions by '''repeatedly talking more than the other side despite saying little to nothing relevant/coherent;''' [bolden added]
::* '''Employing redundant arguments intended to occupy and waste the time, efforts, or energies of other users or to distract them from productive editing''' and making mainspace article contributions. [bolden added]
::* '''Intentionally engaging in behavior designed to irritate others''' [bolden added]
::[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:31, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
*After posting [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:_Will_the_Russo-Ukraine/NATO_War_and_Western_sanctions_hurt_the_Russian_economy%3F&diff=prev&oldid=1972109 "Do not put user names in subheadings"] in Debate format, he [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate%3A_Will_the_Russo-Ukraine%2FNATO_War_and_Western_sanctions_hurt_the_Russian_economy%3F&diff=1972160&oldid=1972151 edit wars over putting user names in subheadings.] This is trolling. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:53, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:*[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate%3A_Who_will_win_the_Russo-Ukraine%2FNATO_War%3F&diff=1972193&oldid=1972191 More trolling]. He violates [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:_Who_will_win_the_Russo-Ukraine/NATO_War%3F&diff=prev&oldid=1972110 the parameters of Debate he himself laid out.] This is done '''"intentionally to irritate other editors."''' [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:18, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:*[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Debate:_Will_the_Russo-Ukraine/NATO_War_and_Western_sanctions_hurt_the_Russian_economy%3F&action=edit&redlink=1 He has Deleted the Debate page he himself created, invited several editors to participate, of which several responded]. This is '''distracting and inhibiting the productive editing of others from making mainspace article contributions.''' [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:33, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

*[https://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Essay:_The_United_States_will_be_the_leading_power_in_the_world_for_the_foreseeable_future#What_a_joke Ad hominmem attacks when asked a specific question about the nature of conservativism] and his boasting about America's "great strength" based on the economic theories of the "incompetent pedophile [[John Maynard Keynes]]." [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:08, August 21, 2023 (EDT)
::RobSmith, please look at the Conservapedia logo Andy picked. It features the USA flag. USA! USA! USA! See: [[Essay: The United States will be the leading power in the world for the foreseeable future]]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 12:16, August 21, 2023 (EDT)
:::Hey, you're the one who said America's great strength is adhering to economic policies of an incompetent pedophile (and will continue to be for the foreseeable future). [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:19, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

*More stalking [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&diff=prev&oldid=1972706][https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Essay:_The_biggest_problems_with_idiocracy_in_the_East&action=edit&redlink=1 and trolling 9 minutes later]. He's obsessed. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:35, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

==Essay space used to create incivil attack pages on other editors==
Andy, [https://www.conservapedia.com/Essay:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F doesn't this violate a basic precept you asked editors not to engage in] some time ago? Please intervene. Thank you. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 19:28, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
:RobS, just because someone disagrees with you and defends a post he made about Ukraine (which you posted on your user page) by giving the context and historical context, that does not violate Conservapedia's civility rules in any way.

:Civility not equal alway agreeing with RobS or not defending one's position when it is unfairly attacked in a way that does not give adequate context. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:33, July 8, 2023 (EDT)

::[[Essay:Nonsensical postings made by a certain Admin]] (Please add to the list). [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 19:40, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
:::Bottom line: RobS, You keep wanting to bait me (In this case with an out-of-context quote of mine that you put atop your user page without the context of the material I said around it nor the historical context) and then insist that I do not give a rebuttal. Well, I am going to give a rebuttal. And it is very unreasonable of you to not think that I will not give a rebuttal or do not have the right to do so. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:42, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
::::If Andy doesn't respond, I guess it's open season. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 19:44, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
:::::Folks, let's stick with the substantive editing to encyclopedic entries. It's far more beneficial to all. We do have a [[90/10 Rule]] against talk. Thanks!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 21:21, July 8, 2023 (EDT)
I agree Andy. Have you looked at RobSmith's user page? He's obsessed with me. I must have struck a nerve with some of my essays. I encouraged RobSmith to post counter essays that argued the opposite of some of my essays, but apparently, he knew he couldn't marshall the evidence and sound arguments to do so. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 13:52, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:My advice: Watch [[Gerald Celente]]'s latest video [https://youtu.be/quUaPmPIVPE?t=432] and post up some [[Conservapedia proven right]] rather than climbing in bed with [[globalist]]s; after all, you [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Main_Page&limit=500 used him at least 22 times on MPR.] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:22, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::RobSmith, in the past you argued that the USA should have the big military budgets it had in the past and currently has. I have always argued for a much smaller USA military budget and balanced budgets for the USA. Who is the globalist?

::Also, Conservapedia's [[globalism]] article states: "Globalism is anti-American in encouraging Americans to adopt a "world view" rather than an "American view." The ultimate goal of globalism is the eventual unification of humanity under a one-world government. Communists and Marxists are using globalization to advance their political aims."

::RobS, did you not write this statement: "IOWs, if you don't have anything positive to say about socialists and communists, just shut up, at least for the duration of the war. Read the bios of [[Bill Donovan]], [[Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Relationship_with_Stalin|Frank Knox]], and [[Henry Stimson]]. And if you don't know what I'm talking about, you especially need to just shut up. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 17:54, January 21, 2023 (EST)".

::And RobS, who most bitterly hates my essay [[Essay: The United States will be the leading power in the world for the foreseeable future|The United States will be the leading power in the world for the foreseeable future]]? Is it not you? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 14:32, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::I'm just looking at your sources, like the [https://www.conservapedia.com/Essay:_The_United_States_will_be_the_leading_power_in_the_world_for_the_foreseeable_future#The_myth_of_multipolarity:_American_power.E2.80.99s_staying_power._What_do_the_terms_unipolar.2C_bipolar_and_multipolar_mean_as_far_as_international_relations.3F Council on Foreign Relations], for example.
:::If you wish to side with [[Nazi]]s, that's your business. I can only warn you. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:38, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::You should have stuck with Celente, rather than [[NeverTrumpers]], like [https://www.conservapedia.com/Trump_Derangement_Syndrome#cite_note-77 Ian Bremmer.] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:40, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
{{quotebox-float|"The relevant metric now isn't left versus right. It's [[anti-establishment]] versus [[pro-establishment]].

Namely, do you think the loss of trust that these institutions of authority have suffered is valid or not? Do you think that they deserve the contempt in which they are held by a large portion of the population?

I believe it's absolutely justified to hold them in contempt.

That's the fundamental distinction that defines our [[political spectrum]] more than old definitions of left versus right." [https://www.zerohedge.com/political/greenwald-its-not-left-vs-right-anymore-its-anti-establishment-versus-pro-establshment]}}
:::And no, I'm not in bed with your pro-establishment views from the [[Atlantic Council]], the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], the [[Open Society Foundations]], the [[London School of Economics]], etc. etc. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:11, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
::::RobS, you are just angry that the evidence suggests that in terms of international relations, the evidence indicates that the world is largely bipolar and not multipolar. See: [[Essay: The myth of multipolarity. What do the terms unipolar, bipolar and multipolar mean as far as international relations?]]

::::I quote [[John Joseph Mearsheimer]] who said in 2023: "The Americans have a vested interest in pivoting full force to East Asia, to contain China. The Americans view China as a more serious threat than Russia. It’s very important to understand that China is a peer competitor to the United States. China is a rising great power and is a threat to the US in ways that Russia is not. So the Americans have a vested interest in not getting bogged down in a war in eastern Europe, more specifically in Ukraine. Furthermore, they have a vested interest in doing everything they can to make sure that Russia and China are not close allies. What happens as a result of the Ukraine war is that it’s almost impossible for the US to fully pivot in Asia." [https://archive.md/uitA3#selection-1007.0-1007.126] See also: [[Essay: Why I am not bullish on Russia's future]].

::::Also, Ian Bremmer agrees more with you about China's ability for growth in the future (for the next 10 years at least) and I merely cite him as a counterargument to my belief that China's future does not look good. Once gain, you are using the [[genetic fallacy]]. Just because I cite Iam Bremmer about one matter, it does not mean that I agree with him on that matter or on all matters. Please stop being illogical. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:03, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::P.S. [[User: RobSmith]], just look at your user page. As I have said several times, "The cat that gets hit by the shoe, yelps the loudest". [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:10, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Look, you never heard the terms "unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar" until I introduced them to you. You are in way over your head. Go find some other living human being on social media to latch on to and harass other than myself, since you've been kicked out of Rationalwiki and have been told not to use CP to harass Ratwikians. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:08, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
RobS, evidence? Show me one instance of you using the word "bipolar" on this website as far as "international relations". I have a fairly good memory and I cannot recall you using the word "bipolar" in terms of international relations.

I am getting the feeling that your high degree of narcissism is kicking in as far as you being the one who introduced the word bipolar to me in terms of internationalism. But prove me wrong. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:19, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:[[RobSmith/Esaay:Hillary%27s_Inner_Goldwater_girl#The_past_is_present]]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:19, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::RobS, as I just did a search for the word "bipolar" on the page [[RobSmith/Esaay:Hillary%27s_Inner_Goldwater_girl#The_past_is_present]] as can be seen [https://www.conservapedia.com/File:Bipolar.png HERE] and there are no instances of the word "bipolar" being on that page.

::It looks like you just struck out, Mr. High Degree of Narcissism. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:25, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::Uh duh, try hyphenating it. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:27, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::I just found it using a hypen. Regardless, your essay only received 232 page views. Like most people, I certainly didn't read it. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:30, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
:::::The essay was originally written for Rationalwiki in the 2016 presidential election; I moved a copy to user space here sometime afterward. I've used research material from it in several articles here since. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:32, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
:::Given that essay was written in 2015-2016, I used the term "tri-polar" rather than multipolar. The issue of [[India]] joining the permanent members of the UN Security Council, if I recall, was dealt with in another piece elsewhere. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:30, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsMIShagjH4&t=18s You're in over your head. Let's stick with what we know here]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:42, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
RobS, look at my user page at: [[User:Conservative]]. It doesn't mention you a single time which is very fitting. On the other hand, looking at [[User: RobSmith]], you are certainly obsessed with me. I am the bee that is in your bonnet. As a famous boxer once said, "Fly like a butterfly and sting like a bee!". I certainly stung your views on St. Putin, Russia and the future of Russia and multipolarism. It's driving you mad and your obsessed with me. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:00, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
:Breaks my heart. Delete [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F this garbage and I'll be happy to make a revision]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 16:06, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::I will delete the material that is a bee under your bonnet. Now if means your user page doesn't mention me that would certainly show that you are moving in the right direction and are no longer obsessed with me. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:15, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
:::There I deleted it. Now it's time to show that have ended your obsession with me or that it is at least winding down. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:17, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::I made a gesture of good faith and deleted my user space essay which partly responded to your commentary on your user page which I believe quoted me out of context and made it appear as if I meant something I clearly did not mean. But I see you made some main page edits, but did not reciprocate by removing your nonsense relating to me on your user page.

::::Your lack of reciprocity was not surprising. Why do I say that?

::::RobSmith you wrote: "You are and I'll put it in the Acknowledgements. If everything goes right, hopefully it'll stand next to the Dialogues of Plato, Socratic method, and Machiavelli Discourses in classrooms someday. [[User:RobSmith|nobs]] 00:20, 29 January 2017 (UTC)"[https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RobSmith/Essay:the_nobsian_method&diff=1789870&oldid=1789833]

::::Robs, putting yourself on the same plane of Plato shows that you have a gargantuan amount of narcissism. And Machiavelli is known for his duplicitous and cynical hunger for power so it does not surprise me that you hold him in high esteem.

::::When I see that you are ending your ending your obsession with me on your user page, which I believe in malevolent in nature and unprincipled, then I will delete my user space essay response to it.

::::But it is rather humorous that you are obsessed with me on your user page because I tipped over some false, golden, pet hypotheses calves of yours. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:39, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::::What are you rattling on about now? I can't keep up with your convoluted logic and reasoning.

:::::I'm still trying to make sense out of how you link me to the views of Ian Bremmer. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:47, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
The three [[Dark Triad personality traits|Dark Triad personality subtypes]] are [[narcissism]], [[Machiavellianism]] and [[psychopath]]. Overall, the Dark Triad personality traits share certain features, such as emotional coldness, duplicity, and aggressiveness.[https://www.britannica.com/science/dark-triad]

Health.com states concerning people with dark triad personality traits and one of the best ways to deal with them: "...people with dark triad personality traits may be able to change, but the likelihood of that happening is "minuscule," noted Hokemeyer. "The personality traits that make up a dark triad are deeply ingrained in their psyche and highly resistant to any sort of challenge that would manifest a change. The best strategy is to move away from them as quickly as possible."[https://archive.md/ElEdd#selection-245.0-245.56]

RobSmith, again you wrote: "You are and I'll put it in the Acknowledgements. If everything goes right, hopefully it'll stand next to the Dialogues of Plato, Socratic method, and Machiavelli Discourses in classrooms someday. [[User:RobSmith|nobs]] 00:20, 29 January 2017 (UTC)"[https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RobSmith/Essay:the_nobsian_method&diff=1789870&oldid=1789833]

Is it surprising you put yourself on the same plane as Plato and Socrates given your narcissism? Is surprising you love the work of Machiavelli and practice Machiavellianism so you are duplicitous and show no remorse? None of this is surprising.

But I laugh at your obsessive, futile and aggressive quest for power over me that overflows on your user page. It's so desperate. If only you could create counter-essays that refute my essays. I certainly have invited you to do so.

And my user page at [[User: Conservative]] is certainly is not going to mention someone as inconsequential as you. At this point, I am taking Health.com's advice and totally ignoring you. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:27, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:Okay, clean up all that garbage and I'll be happy to revise my Castle page. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:34, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::Keep it up. Let it be a memorial to your [[Dark Triad personality traits]] and your love and [https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RobSmith/Essay:the_nobsian_method&diff=1789870&oldid=1789833 admiration of Machiavellianism]. But know this: I laugh at your obsessiveness and your desperation.

::Put that your Machiavelli Discourses pipe and smoke it! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:42, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::You should go to work for the [[Biden DOJ|Biden Justice Department]]; it's pretty sad when a reader can't discern between a joke and reality. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:46, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:And you should be proud of yourself: you found a way to maliciously attack your imaginary enemies in Mainspace articles rather than trying to educate the public with encyclopedia articles, or using Essay space to attack other editors. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:39, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
Get a girlfriend RobSmith. Maybe that will help you with being so obsessed with me on your user page. While I do laugh it, it is rather pathetic and desperate.

“...to the last I grapple with thee; from hell's heart I stab at thee; for hate's sake I spit my last breath at thee.” - Captain Ahab, [[Herman Melville]]'s book ''[[Moby Dick]]''.

Ahab longed to find the White Whale and get revenge for the leg he lost. RobSmith longs to have his pet hypotheses that I put through my meatgrinder essays. RobSmith, write counter-essays to my essays - unless of course you lack evidence and sound arguments. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 20:13, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:I'd guess, since April 2022 when you stepped in doggie doo-doo talking about geopolitics - a subject the more you speak about reveals the less you understand - you've expended well over 150,000 bytes on nonsense (some of which you actually deleted) and probably over 300 hours; my problem is you probably wasted well over 30 hours of my time with your [[trolling]]. And '''you got your underwear in a knot cause you said on April 17, 2022, "The next month will not determine global politics for the next 30 years" after [[NATO]] quashed a peace agreement between Ukraine and Russia and went peddle-to-the-metal with all out war.''' [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:21, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
{{Cquote|Rule 1, on page 1 of the book of [[war]], is: "Do not march on [[Moscow]]".|||Field Marshall [[Bernard Montgomery]] [https://www.azquotes.com/quote/698796]}}
:::RobS, I explained why that tentative peace agreement between Russia and Ukraine in April of 2022 was more fragile than most vases and inconsequential [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F#Further_analysis:_Boris_Johnson.27s_visit_to_Ukraine_in_April_of_2022 HERE]. You never provided a counterargument. You merely ranted.

:::And Putin's decision to launch his special invasion in February of 2022 into Ukraine didn't stop Russia's demographic decline. It accelerated Russia's demographic decline. See: [[Russia's fertility rate]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Russia#:~:text=Demographic%20crisis,-See%20also%3A%20Demographic&text=Russia%20has%20become%20increasingly%20reliant,decline%20in%20over%20a%20decade. Demographics of Russia] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aging_of_Russia Aging of Russia]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:17, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::You thought it was just another far away war against goat herders that could last 2 weeks or 20 years and wouldn't affect you; you swallowed [[MSM]] BS hook, line, and sinker. And you still do. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:21, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::[https://youtu.be/vjfuHcV-7No You're missing a good live update on the war right now]. You ought to be trying to educate yourself, rather than get into these stupid arguments with me. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:28, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::::[https://youtu.be/n5K5qglnnm4 And Mearsheimer has a new vid, too] (even though everything you write contradicts what he says). [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:32, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
RobSmith, Dr. Al Siebert who was a former paratrooper wrote the book ''The Survivor Personality: Why Some People are Stronger, Smarter, and More Skillful at Handling Life’s Difficulties…and How You Can Be, Too.'' Siebert offers his findings from autobiographies and hundreds of interviews. He interviewed survivors of adversity such as war, cancer, abuse, job loss, and addictions.

A book summary of his book can be found [https://www.solutionsforresilience.com/the-survivor-personality/ HERE].

Consider buying the book. Perhaps then, you wouldn't have such a cupcake view of how this war is going to very much negatively effect you. As far me, I am quite confident that I will have a wonderful remainder of my life that is full of glorious victories!

"Not that I am referring to being in need, for I have learned to be content with whatever I have. I know what it is to have little, and I know what it is to have plenty. In any and all circumstances I have learned the secret of being well-fed and of going hungry, of having plenty and of being in need. I can do all things through Him who strengthens me." - The Apostle Paul, Philippians 4:11-13. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:56, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:Good. Ignorance is bliss.

:Do you have the same [[racist]] attitude toward the people of [[Niger]] that you have against the <s>[https://www.bitchute.com/video/woWM6llhchKY/ Asiatic hordes]</s> people of the [[Russian Federation]]? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:02, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
::There you go with your Machiavellian duplicitousness again. You know darn well, I listen to Russian/Slavic music, Russian Orthodox music and Russian classical music as can be seen [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative/Music_from_around_the_world#Russian_and_Slavic_Music HERE], [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative/Christian_songs_from_around_the_world#Orthodox_Songs HERE] and [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative/Classical_and_related_music#Russian_classical_music HERE].

::I know [[Dark Triad personality traits]] are deeply ingrained in your psyche, but I suggest repenting so they can be "degrained" in your psyche. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:11, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:::Meaningless. Your only argument is, "They all are going to die anyway cause of a low birthrate and demographics, so who cares?" [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:16, August 12, 2023 (EDT)
Health.com states concerning people with dark triad personality traits and one of the best ways to deal with them: "...people with dark triad personality traits may be able to change, but the likelihood of that happening is "minuscule," noted Hokemeyer. "The personality traits that make up a dark triad are deeply ingrained in their psyche and highly resistant to any sort of challenge that would manifest a change. The best strategy is to move away from them as quickly as possible."[https://archive.md/ElEdd#selection-245.0-245.56]

Bye RobS. I hope you get over your obsession with me for your sake. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:24, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:I'll pray for you, that your mental health recovers. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:28, August 12, 2023 (EDT)

:''"the one who introduced the word bipolar to me in terms of internationalism."''

:I get it now. Pardon me for being a bit slow sometimes in trying to make sense of your postings. "in terms of internationalism". Ok. When I first used the term "bipolar", you confused it with [[bipolar disorder]], which you're probably more familiar with. After a day or two of googling, you became an "expert" to refute anything I post.
:Ok, now it makes sense. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:03, August 13, 2023 (EDT)

:See how he [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Essay:_Vladimir_Putin_is_a_corrupt_kleptocrat_and_an_authoritarian&curid=174369&diff=1970680&oldid=1969278 maliciously continues this trolling]. Who is Alexander J. Motyl? Wikipedia says, "Motyl's parents emigrated as refugees from Western Ukraine after World War II," i.e. "Western Ukraine", the territory Russians today call [[Bandera]]stan. Why did they emigrate? Motyl's parents were Nazi collaborators and wanted Nazi war criminals in the Soviet Union. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 10:54, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
{{Cquote|Ukraine, or rather [[Eastern Ukraine]], will come back in five, ten or fifteen years. Western Ukraine can go to hell.|||Quoted in [[Samuel Huntington]], ''[[The Clash of Civilizations and Remaking of World Order]]'', 1996. p. 167. [https://msuweb.montclair.edu/~lebelp/1993SamuelPHuntingtonTheClashOfCivilizationsAndTheRemakingofWorldOrder.pdf]}}
:He never bothers to do the basic research; he creates Essays and Mainspace articles, not for educational purposes, but rather to attack his own perceived personal "enemies".
::[[Atlantic Council]]: [https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/stepan-bandera-hero-of-ukraine/Stepan Bandera: Hero of Ukraine?], By Alexander Motyl, March 15, 2010. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:25, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

::And what does Motyl say in his ''[https://oralhistory.harriman.columbia.edu/interview/19 Reminiscences]''? A "recent PhD from Stanford [University], Ian Bremmer, who was a friend of mine", or Motyl gets all giddy about receiving money from [[George Soros]], among other highlights or rather lowlights. But these are the "expert sources" User:Conservative is using to refute my writings on the Ukraine war and his defense of Ukrainian nazism. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:39, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

::User:Conservative did the same thing with Samuel Huntington's ''Clash of Civilizations'', which he never read, to promote [[globalism]], and which Motyl even comments on in ''Reminiscences'':
:::"in general the stuff we produce has an impact on the discourse and the framing of issues, but that’s about it. It’s more a kind of glacial impact. And then once in a while, right, I mean, you’ll have a guy like Samuel [P.] Huntington produce a catchy book called ''Clash of Civilizations'', and then everybody’s quoting him."
::[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:51, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

==July 7, 2023==
Interesting, Jill Lepore on the great Mrs. P. Schlafly
[https://www.pbs.org/wnet/firing-line/video/jill-lepore-dfmre7/] (FiringLine, Jul 7, 2023).[[User:Telling|Telling]] ([[User talk:Telling|talk]]) 17:53, July 9, 2023 (EDT)
:Thanks for the link!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 17:55, July 9, 2023 (EDT)

NP. Quote from Lepore: ''..I think Schlafly’s just fascinating. She really has been ignored by historians for two reasons. One, academic historians, who tend to be liberal, have really been bad at offering a history of the rise of the modern conservative movement, this just tremendously important political insurgency, you know, since the 1950s, of which, you know, Buckley’s Firing Line was an important element. And then conservative historians just haven’t really paid attention to Schlafly because she was a woman.''[[User:Telling|Telling]] ([[User talk:Telling|talk]])
:That's a very interesting quote. Thank you. Perhaps there could be a new entry that devoted to this issue.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 20:28, July 9, 2023 (EDT)
::Tnanks Andy. Your opinion on [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Phyllis_Schlafly&diff=prev&oldid=1961979 this] please?[[User:Telling|Telling]] ([[User talk:Telling|talk]])
:::It's superb! Very well done. Thank you!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 02:23, July 10, 2023 (EDT)

== Request ==

Hi Andy, can you please tell Karajou that I'm deeply sorry for my iniquities against him two years ago during the massive intra-Conservapedia dispute and that I would be interested in talking to him again? Thanks. —[[User:LT|<code>'''LT'''</code>]] '''''[[User talk:LT|Rev. 22:13]]''''' Tuesday, 15:22, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
:Don't fall for it Andy. It's just another one of these conspiracies to sow division in Conservapedia and attack active editors. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 16:04, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
::RobSmith, you insisted over and over again 2–3 years ago that if Karajou was defrocked, you would be able to fix Conservapedia. Your promise at this point can be clearly seen as a broken one. All you've done is turn the site into a laughingstock. —[[User:LT|<code>'''LT'''</code>]] '''''[[User talk:LT|Rev. 22:13]]''''' Tuesday, 16:33, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
:::How many [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page=&year=&month=-1&tagfilter= blocks and vandal attacks] have we had in the past 8-9 months? There used to be a half dozen daily.
:::I never said Kara should be defrocked; I said he needed to be reined in and counselled on the proper role and duties of an Admin. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 17:00, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
::::"i nEvEr" Oh really? How many more instances of [[liberal denial]] will you propagate before I pull out a list of receipts proving the liar you are? "Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it." (John 8:44) —[[User:LT|<code>'''LT'''</code>]] '''''[[User talk:LT|Rev. 22:13]]''''' Tuesday, 18:25, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
:::::Misuing and misquoting scripture is "taking the Lord's name in vain". I never claimed to be descended from Abraham. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 20:43, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
::::::Does an individual have to incorrectly claim to have Abraham as their father to qualify as a child of Satan? The basic concept is applied, both overtly and covertly, throughout the Bible. The Apostle Paul told Elymas the Sorcerer: "O full of all subtilty and all mischief, thou child of the devil, thou enemy of all righteousness, wilt thou not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?" (Acts 13:10) —[[User:LT|<code>'''LT'''</code>]] '''''[[User talk:LT|Rev. 22:13]]''''' Wednesday, 21:21, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
:::::::Now you're trolling Andy's talk page. This discussion should be moved elsewhere. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 22:05, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
::::::::You're one to talk on the issue of trolling! —[[User:LT|<code>'''LT'''</code>]] '''''[[User talk:LT|Rev. 22:13]]''''' Wednesday, 22:14, July 11, 2023 (EDT)
:::::::::What goes around comes around. Do unto others. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a chance'']] 23:21, July 11, 2023 (EDT)

== The importance of diversification and resiliency. The tale of the followers of a tired and dying ideology whose web traffic is dying ==

Andy, since March of 2023 the website [[Internet Infidels]] lost 50% of its traffic.

Western atheism had too many eggs in the [[Richard Dawkins]] and [[secular left]]ism basket. Dawkins is far less popular (See: [[Richard Dawkins' loss of influence]]). And now that [[Joe Biden]] is very unpopular and Europe is moving to the political right, that further hurt the atheistic cause and this is only going to get worse due to right-wing populism growing. On top of this, the mainstream media has lost a lot of trust and they used to promote atheism more in the past (See: [[Atheism and public relations]]). Also, people with [[professor values]] promoted atheism and many colleges are closing.

I predict that the next economic recession is going to REALLY hurt the atheistic cause due to the superior fundraising/resources of Christendom (See: [[Atheist fundraising vs. religious fundraising]]).

Conservapedia needs to expand its content because its atheism traffic could taper off over time due to less and less people having interest in atheism. Look at how much traffic to [[Internet atheism|atheist websites]] is falling: [[Internet atheism]] and [[Internet atheism web traffic volume]].

Christendom is going to go from victory to victory (See: [[Future of Christianity]]). Deus Vult!!! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 09:27, July 20, 2023 (EDT)

:You need more editors to do that, and it's not done by chasing away editors. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']]
::::I do have one regret about LT. When I wrote about LT "If he wants to be nasty and contentious (see his initial post on this page), then good riddance. Conservative (talk) 15:30, July 13, 2023 (EDT)", that was too harsh. LT is young and is more hot-headed. I know he hates right-wing populism. And to be fair, among other things, right-wing populists are not very good at balancing budgets when countries have a big amount of sovereign debt. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 10:29, July 20, 2023 (EDT)
:::::In addition, when I titled my essay [[Essay: On behalf of all Christians who are politically right-leaning, I hereby declare victory! Olé! Olé! Olé!|On behalf of all Christians who are politically right-leaning, I hereby declare victory! Olé! Olé! Olé!]], I could have just used merely one "Olé!". Maybe using three olés was too provocative. :) [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 10:35, July 20, 2023 (EDT)
:::It's not '''what''' you think or believe., it's '''how''' you interact with others that matters. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 10:23, July 20, 2023 (EDT)
Andy can fix the login problem. But editor retention is important so template pollution through uncivilly covering up people's civil content via a template needs to end. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 10:41, July 20, 2023 (EDT)

: Make up your mind if you want editor retention or not. You're sending mixed signals. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 10:42, July 20, 2023 (EDT)

== Robert Louis Stevenson ==

I am a fan of Robert Louis Stevenson too. When I was a young man I loved the book ''Treasure Island'' and the short story ''The Tell-Tale Heart''.

I usually read nonfiction, but I think the next non-fiction works that I read will be ''Pilgrim's Progress'', ''Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde'' and ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland''. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 20:40, July 22, 2023 (EDT)
:''The Tell-Tale Heart'' was by [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. I encourage reading the free, available online ''[[Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde]]''. It is remarkably [[conservative]] and brilliantly written.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 21:54, July 22, 2023 (EDT)
::Thanks. I just found a free PDF copy of the book at: [https://www.commackschools.org/Downloads/Jekyll%20and%20Hyde%20text.pdf Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde - Free PDF copy]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:59, July 22, 2023 (EDT)
:::There are many [[Christian]] and [[conservative]] phrases in it. I guess that's why it is rarely part of high school reading today!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 23:43, July 22, 2023 (EDT)
::::The first sentence of [https://www.commackschools.org/Downloads/Jekyll%20and%20Hyde%20text.pdf Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde - Free PDF copy]: "Mr. Utterson the lawyer was a man of a '''rugged countenance''' that was never lighted by a smile; cold, scanty and embarrassed in discourse; backward in sentiment; lean, long, dusty, dreary and yet somehow lovable."

::::"Rugged countenance"? That sounds like "toxic masculinity". :) [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 23:52, July 22, 2023 (EDT)
:::::That is a great example of [[manliness]] in [[literature]]. I've added it to several entries. Thanks!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 14:01, July 23, 2023 (EDT)Conservapedia:Copyrights
https://www.conservapedia.com/Conservapedia:Copyrights

==Question==
I have been meaning to ask you this for a long time, But what happen to the 'Create Account' button, my friend is trying to create himself a new account but their is no way to do so because the option is missing, What happened?

:I've been focusing on content. Legitimate new users can email me at aschlafly@aol.com to obtain a new account. A reference or some verification of [[good faith]] is preferred. Thanks.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 16:32, July 23, 2023 (EDT)

==Using Essay space to attack other editors is a fundamental violation of CP civility rules==
[https://www.conservapedia.com/Special:Log/delete] He's free to do it in his own userspace. I thought we settled this matter. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:51, July 26, 2023 (EDT)f
:The essay made no mention of you. Expressing views you disagree with or don't like is not a personal attack. You are behaving incivilly and intolerantly. If you want a place on the internet where only views that you agree with and like are expressed, launch a blog or website that you own and have complete control over. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:19, July 29, 2023 (EDT)
::That's a lie. The entire Essay then, and now as it remains in your user space, is predicated on a statement I made In April 2022, which you at the time refuted. And now you spent 50,000 bytes and several weeks trying to walk away from the refutation cause you can't simply delete it, as has become your habit when you make stupid remarks. 16:38, July 30, 2023 (EDT)
:::Undelete the essay dealing with Russian war crimes in Ukraine and show us where it mentions you. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:44, July 30, 2023 (EDT)
::{ec) That's what the Scroll Template is for: for when an editor makes a [[trolling]], nonsensical, or off topic remark intended to derail discussion. The Scroll Template is one solution to Admins abusing their power with deletion, deleting whole discussions and other editor's postings when the Admin makes stupid or embarrassing comments. An Admin should first function as a Moderator, resolving problems and conflicts, not stirring up conflict on Talk pages with [[spam]] and self-serving off-topic references. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 16:51, July 30, 2023 (EDT)
:::You unsurprisingly failed to show I lied - very predictable. I am moving on.

:::I predict that Andy will totally ignore your spurious complaint.

:::Feel free to engage in [[last wordism]]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:54, July 30, 2023 (EDT)

::::Here's your [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F Essay attack on me in your user space.] You just lied again. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:04, July 30, 2023 (EDT)
::::: You're trying to waste my time as my [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Essay:_The_Russians_in_Ukraine_are_engaging_in_brutal_warfare_and_torture._And_they_persecute_Protestants._If_they_lose_or_are_forced_to_the_peace_table,_the_world_would_be_better_for_it._But_a_lasting_peace_settlement_is_the_best_solution.&action=edit&redlink=1 former essay on Russia war crimes in Ukraine did not mention you]. I am not going to sucked into your dysfunctional behavior. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:24, July 30, 2023 (EDT)
::::::You'ew being deliberately deceptive and disingenuous again, trying to bamboozle Andy this time with more BS. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:52, July 30, 2023 (EDT)

== Kingdom ==

Hebrews 1:8 called. Said "But unto the Son he saith, Thy '''throne''', O God, is for ever and ever: a '''sceptre''' of righteousness is the '''sceptre''' of thy '''kingdom'''."

I've got missed calls from a bunch of Psalms and others as well, but I figured we should probably cut straight to [[Mystery:Did Jesus Write the Epistle to the Hebrews?|the Son as man Himself]]. [[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 20:16, July 31, 2023 (EDT)
:You make a great point, and I'll consider this carefully. Will respond later tonight after studying this in depth. Thank you.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 22:39, July 31, 2023 (EDT)
:The New Living Translation breaks from the pressure to use "kingdom" and instead translates this verse as:
{{cquote|But to the Son he says, “Your throne, O God, endures forever and ever. You rule with a scepter of justice. [https://www.biblehub.com/hebrews/1-8.htm See Biblehub]}}
:The [[KJV]] rendition that you quote above strains to use "kingdom" in overly a repetitive way. Rather, the statement would be far stronger if it emphasized that righteousness is the standard in God's [[paradise]], as in "a scepter of righteousness is the standard of thy paradise."--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 23:30, July 31, 2023 (EDT)
::Andy, thrones and sceptres are the things of kings and kingdoms. ConwayII has you in a Bible exegesis full-nelson and I don't see you getting out of it. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:23, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:::Appreciate the humor and the challenge! But [[ancient Greece]] had no "thrones and sceptres," and neither did ancient [[Greek]]. Like "kingdom", those terms are also figments of the [[monarchy|monarchical]] [[England]]. Thus [[checkmate]]. Ha ha hal. A still better rendition:
{{cquote|Thy presence, O [[God]], is [[infinite]]: a commitment to [[righteousness]] is the standard of thy [[paradise]].}}--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 01:20, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

::::Respectfully, no. Hebrews 1:8 is a deliberate riff on Psalm 45:6: Thy '''throne''', O God, is for ever and ever: the '''sceptre''' of thy '''kingdom''' is a right '''sceptre'''.

::::Cf. Psalm 103:19 (The Lord hath prepared his '''throne''' in the heavens; and his '''kingdom''' ruleth over all.), Psalm 145:1 (I will extol thee, my God, O '''king'''; and I will bless thy name for ever and ever.) and the repeated and reinforcing use of '''majesty''' in verses 5 and 12.

::::The trials and tribulations of various earthly kings and kingdoms is a major thread running right through the OT, and Hebrew's contemporary audience would have had zero difficulty thinking of God in those monarchical terms. You might not like it, but that's not really relevant, is it?

::::As a final note, I urge you to go back to the Greek myths and any reliable history of the actual ancient Greece. You'll find plenty of kings. [[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 06:17, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Like King [[Agamemnon]], for instance. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:45, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Ancient [[Greek]] did not even have a word for "king", which is mostly an [[Anglophile]] obsession. All the "king" and "kingdom" language in the [[English]] translations of the [[New Testament]] is a dilution by the [[Brit]]s.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 13:15, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::::::Oedipus Rex, usually translated Oedipus the King. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:29, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::::::And from Rex we get a whole family of words, like reign, royal, Reich, etc. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:30, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

(Outdent) OK. Let's do this in French, German and Spanish, and then look at the Vulgate Latin and the Septuagint Greek. Psalm 145:1:
*Je t'exalterai, ô mon Dieu, mon '''roi'''! Et je bénirai ton nom à toujours et à perpétuité.
*Ich will dich erheben, mein Gott, du '''König''', und deinen Namen loben immer und ewiglich.
*Te exaltaré mi Dios, oh '''Rey''', y bendeciré tu nombre eternamente y para siempre.
*Exaltabo te, Deus meus '''rex''' ; et benedicam nomini tuo in sæculum, et in sæculum sæculi.
*Ὑψώσω σε, ὁ θεός μου ὁ '''βασιλεύς''' μου, καὶ εὐλογήσω τὸ ὄνομά σου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος·

Herodotus used the same language 100+ years before the Septuagint was compiled. A very sensible chap called Demaratus asks Xerxes ([https://www.livius.org/sources/content/achaemenid-royal-inscriptions/xph/ a king of kings!]) if he's ''really'' in the mood for some plain speaking and repeatedly addresses him with the honorific '''Βασιλεῦ'''. See end of 101 and beginning of 102: [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Herodotus/7b*.html English] [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/H/Roman/Texts/Herodotus/7B*.html#101 Greek]

[[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 14:48, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:This is terrific information, but your French/German/Spanish translations above are of a verse in [[Psalms]], not the [[Epistle to the Hebrews]]. Psalms was not originally written in Greek, and the [[Old Testament]] does refer to kings. The ancient [[Greek]] does not, as it had different types of government. The less biased Wiktionary explains that the primary meaning of βασιλεύς is "chief, master" and its notes describes it as an authority who could, as in a foreign ruler, coincidentally be a king there (but not in Greece). [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%82]--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 17:56, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::A king or kingdom denotes an heredity bloodline for the "continuity of government", a Republic has no such doctrine. This is why the Roman Catholic Church adopted celibacy, so that no heredity bloodline would have a claim on the Papacy. In Islam, Shia Islam traces its origins to the family of Mohammad, whereas Sunni Islam traces its origins to the Prophet and his Companions. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:32, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

::What's Wiktionary got to do with this? I've just pointed to you to Herodotus (an ancient Greek historian writing c. 430 BC) using Βασιλεῦ in reference to Xerxes, the Persian king (c. 518 – 465 BC) famed for his invasion of Greece. This is a primary linguistic source and obviously relevant re. translating βασιλείας as "kingdom" in Hebrews 1:8.

::The ancient Greeks had these words (and others) for "king" and "kingdom" and your claims to the contrary are simply untrue.

::I'd prefer it if you'd have the grace to concede this narrow point so we can get back to the meat of the discussion. Thanks, [[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 19:20, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:::Conway, your scholarship is excellent and I'm learning from it. Seriously, I mean it. You're right that the verse in Hebrews is a paraphrase, almost a direct quote, in Greek of the verse in Psalms.
:::But languages do sometimes lack words for certain terms. It seems natural that Herodotus used the Greek word for authority to refer to Xerxes. He was indeed an authority, a ruler. That doesn't prove that the Greek term meant "king". And jumping from there to translate the corresponding Greek term as "kingdom" is a bridge too far, it seems to me. I don't intend to be disagreeable about this, and most English translations side with you. I attribute that the immense [[British]], pro-monarchical influence over the English translations. I admit that any version today which departed from that tradition is not going to sell very many copies! But with "kingdom" today connoting [[Mickey Mouse]] and other silliness, overreliance on that term may be causing folks to drive away from the benefits they could obtain from an undiluted translation.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 22:00, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::::It's an interesting discussion, but I'm going to thumbnail the issue here:
:::::God initially told Moses when he delivered the law that Israel was not to be like other people, and God was to be both their God and king. But God prophesized through Moses that one day the people would rebel and demand a king. When they entered the land, they had Judges, and not a king. Later in Samuel's day the people rebelled and wanted a king, and God told Samuel to grant them their wish. Samuel anointed Saul, and later David. This succession of kings continued until the Babylonian captivity, when the kingdom was destroyed. But the prophecy of a messiah was that he would restore the kingdom. The genealogies in Matthew and Luke attest to the fact that Jesus was heir to the promises made to David.
:::::The Pharisees told Pilot that Jesus was a fraud and he was challenging Ceasar for the title of King of the Jews (they feared reprisals against the people if the Romans interpreted people calling Jesus 'king' as rebellion against Roman occupation, as well as their own loss of power among the people).
:::::IOWs, the prophecies of a messiah were, and are, interpreted as also meaning 'king'. Now remember, God advised against wanting or having a king, but gave them what they wanted anyway. It wasn't the first time. There are many instances in the bible where God offers people a choice, advises on what God says is the right choice, people reject what God says and he grants them what they wanted anyway. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:14, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:::::For example: ''You may eat of the trees of the garden, except for the tree in the midst of the garden...'', etc. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 09:29, August 5, 2023 (EDT)
[[File:Jesus throne.jpg|thumbnail|center|400px|"At once I was in the spirit, and there in heaven stood a <big>'''throne'''</big>, with one seated on the throne!" (Revelation 4:2 NRSV)
 
 
"They will make war on the Lamb, and the Lamb will conquer them, for he is <big>'''Lord of lords and King of kings'''</big>, and those with him are called and chosen and faithful.” {Revelation 17:14 ESV)]]

At Conservapedia, we have no king but Jesus! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 12:21, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:One more note: When Jesus asked, ''What think ye Christ, whose son is he, David's or God's? And they responded, 'David's'. And Jesus said 'Why then does David in spirit call him Lord?'' - Jesus is making a direct reference to Psalm 45, which then again is cited in Hebrews chapter 1. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:05, August 2, 2023 (EDT)

@Andy: That's certainly gracious (thanks), but it's definitely not conceding the point. Let's try this instead:

#OT authors properly referred to earthly kings and kingdoms when writing in the original Hebrew or Aramaic.
#The authors of Psalms 45, 103 & 145 used precise monarchical imagery re. God, again when writing in the original Hebrew or Aramaic.
#The author of ''Hebrews'' chose to replicate that imagery, most notably and precisely at 1:8.
#Therefore, if the author of Psalm 45 intended to say "kingdom" in verse 6, then the author of ''Hebrews'' intended to say "kingdom" at 1:8 '''whether or not''' you agree βασιλείας adequately captures that concept.
#Given your beliefs re. the author of ''Hebrews'', there can be '''no question''' re. error in His word choice.
#In short, He chose βασιλείας as the most accurate Greek rendition of "kingdom" available to Him.

I think you'd like to say that, if He was writing ''Hebrews'' '''today''', He would likely choose a different word, such as "paradise", and perhaps even abandon the monarchical imagery entirely, for the reasons you've outlined.

That's a very different argument to the one you've made so far, and one that many (most?) people would find very presumptuous.

It does, however, have the distinct advantage of accurately capturing your sincere beliefs without foundering linguistically or logically. Essentially, it's a WWJD? exercise re. the decline of monarchy and the development of the English language. [[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 15:57, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:Conway, your argument is brilliant and I'm learning from it. Ten years ago I would have been more argumentative in disagreement than today. You are certainly at least mostly right here, and I had never thought of this before. Well done.
:I'm not totally convinced as to "kingdom", however, even assuming you're right about "king". The trick here is switching from Hebrew to Greek to English, and also recognizing that the word choice by the author of the [[Epistle to the Hebrews]], which I'm convinced was [[Jesus]], was constrained by words his audience (not Greek linguists) could understand. "Kingdom", it still seems to me, is a [[British]] invention that certainly conferred immense benefits on the world, but has lost its effectiveness in language.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 19:08, August 2, 2023 (EDT)

::Thanks. That's very kind. It strikes me that "kingdom" is simply a function of "king". We can call it a "realm" or something else entirely, but the concept itself (that which is the king's to rule) doesn't change.

::As for the Hebrew:

::*'''Root word:''' king (''melek'') מֶלֶךְ
::*'''Genesis 39:20:''' of the king (earthly) הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ
::*'''Psalm 45:6:''' of Your kingdom (divine) מַלְכוּתֶֽךָ
::*'''Psalm 103:19:''' and His kingdom (divine) מַלְכוּתֶֽךָ
::*'''Psalm 145:1:''' King (divine title) הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ
::*'''1 Kings 1:32:''' King (earthly title) הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ
::*'''Judges 15:9:''' the kings (earthly) מַלְכֵ֣י
::*'''Daniel 11:9:''' to the kingdom (earthly) בְּמַלְכוּת֙

::I don't pretend to understand the grammar or the diacritics or how to pronounce any of it, but there's enough orthographic similarity to reasonably infer consistent use of the root, as with king / kingdom in English. At a minimum, all the above contain מֶלֶ with varying diacritics.

::[[User:ConwayIII|ConwayIII]] ([[User talk:ConwayIII|talk]]) 22:24, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:::Conway, your analysis is excellent. You're probably right about the use of "king" in the [[Old Testament]]. And to the extent a book in the [[New Testament]] quotes the Old, it is what it is, as you point out.
:::But I think "kingdom" might really be a sufficiently different concept now, at least post-[[Disney]] where its "magical kingdom" really has nothing to do with any "king". I'd like to ponder this further. "Kingdom" is such a basic concept, even recited daily by up to a hundred million people in [[The Lord's Prayer]], that some additional care in analysis of this is appropriate. Thanks again for providing your highly informative perspective and examples.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 23:32, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:::P.S. When I say "post-[[Disney]]" above, I'm not referring to the current political dispute between Disney and [[Ron DeSantis]] (and others). All I mean by that is how "kingdom" has become a fairy tale concept, at least in the [[U.S.]], in part due to Disney, and I don't fault them for that.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 23:53, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
::::"The trick here is switching from Hebrew to Greek to English". To get to English, you have to go through German, first. Gr. Rex -> Ger. König -> Eng. King. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 02:08, August 5, 2023 (EDT)
::::Now German uses "Reich" for kingdom, which is derived from Gr. Rex. In English, the closest surviving word we have to "Reich" is "rich", denoting something of a commonwealth. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 02:13, August 5, 2023 (EDT)

== real things in fiction ==

I asked Rob but I figured I'd also ask what your opinion on covering real things in fiction here. I added something to the [[George Washington]] article as an example. [[User:Patriotic Gamer|Patriotic Gamer]] ([[User talk:Patriotic Gamer|talk]]) 13:18, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:I like it! Please do more. We're at the intersection of culture, knowledge and politics, and cultural or fictional references to historical figures is a big part of that. Thank you.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 13:23, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::What do you mean by "intersection of culture"? This wiki's? [[User:Patriotic Gamer|Patriotic Gamer]] ([[User talk:Patriotic Gamer|talk]]) 13:27, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:::Right I mean that Conservapedia is at the intersection of culture, knowledge and politics.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 17:13, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

==An Admin is vandalizing other users Talk pages, again, in violation of the Castle rule, to hide his embarrassing arguments==
[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:NishantXavier&diff=prev&oldid=1967643] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:10, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:Let's see if the user himself complains. He hasn't yet, as far as I know. Thanks.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] ([[User talk:Aschlafly|talk]]) 17:12, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
::We agreed in the past, due to Protestant conflict with Dataclarifier and other Catholics, that debates would happen on debate pages and not user pages. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:13, August 1, 2023 (EDT)
:::That does not give you any right to revert other users talk pages and other users' discussions. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:21, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:NishantXavier&diff=prev&oldid=1967782 He did it again.] I did not participate in the formal Debate page, yet User:Cons made it appear I had. I made private, confidential postings on a user's talk page, where only the user has the discretion to remove it. This is very disrespectful of users' postings. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:06, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::Nowhere in my Conribs (with one exception) is there a record of me participating in the formal Debate, yet now I have to contend with someone who may claim I did. This is extremely unfair and misleading. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:13, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::I served notice three years ago, [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:NishantXavier&diff=prev&oldid=1671092 I am not interested in church debates, 'who's better than who'], yet my signature was electronically forged to appear I lied and do not stand by my word. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:17, August 1, 2023 (EDT)

:::: You two absolutely need to give it a rest. You are both adults and this is a wiki on the internet. Every time I check Andy's talk page there's always something one of you is up in arms about. [[User:Ethan Parmet|Ethan Parmet]] ([[User talk:Ethan Parmet|talk]]) 17:58, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

== Is Bushfan template allowed on my userpage? ==

I added a lot of userboxes to my userpage, and among them was one of "this user supports GWB." Assuming it's a holdover from this wiki's earlier days, as I know that he is loathed by MAGA, I just wanted to ask if you're okay that I decided to add to my user page & that it's not intended to be an insult to Trump supporters.

Userbox refers to how he was my childhood president, there's photo of him with Chick-Fil-A founder, he gave Fred Rogers a presidential award, friends with Michael W. Smith, was openly supportive and empowered Christian music at the time. [[User:Patriotic Gamer|Patriotic Gamer]] ([[User talk:Patriotic Gamer|talk]]) 11:52, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:If you want to be identified with the [[Republican establishment]], the [[Uniparty]], the corrupt [[Biden DOJ]], [[Russiagate]] scammers, the [[military industrial complex]], [[globalist]]s, warmongers and supporters of [[Ukrainian Nazi]]s, sure, go ahead. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:40, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
::A shame that others will automatically assume association from a quick glance, but you do have a point there. The crazy thing is that I found a user box for people who support Obama [[Template:User Obama2|here]], so I take it's the risk of one exercising their right to say what or who they support, but to keep in mind of how the average person here will view them or challenge them. [[User:Patriotic Gamer|Patriotic Gamer]] ([[User talk:Patriotic Gamer|talk]]) 17:32, August 2, 2023 (EDT)
:::Splits have emerged in both parties since the Clinton and Bush eras which are not readily apparent to people on either side of the line, in addition to recognition of a [[uniparty]] that is hostile to voters of both parties. The Dems have become the party of war, Wall Street, and the military industrial complex, and the GOP has become the party of workers and the common man. Both party's establishments seek to isolate [[populist]] sentiments among their voters. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:24, August 3, 2023 (EDT)

== Game data allowed? ==

Is word-for-word text from video games (e.g. quotes said by a character) and other sources (like official bios of another character) allowed on this website? those don't have a license attached to them, but I'd assume the closest to them are the respective copyright holders, who add the bios or the quotes themselves [[User:Patriotic Gamer|Patriotic Gamer]] ([[User talk:Patriotic Gamer|talk]]) 09:32, August 5, 2023 (EDT)
:I would assume in most cases it would be okay, provided the language is cleaned up to meet our family friendly guidelines. We may have to see a few examples to see what you have in mind and if any objections arise. Thanks. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 16:59, August 7, 2023 (EDT)

== Length of the early church services ==

Below is the information I promised you about the length of the early church services:

*[https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/justin-taylor/what-was-a-church-service-like-in-the-second-century/ What Was a Church Service Like in the Second Century?] (Mass/service lasted 3 hours and congregants stood most of the service) [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:07, August 8, 2023 (EDT)

== Here is the info on buycotting that I mentioned to you ==

You can buy products from conservative companies at: [https://publicsq.com/ Public Square]

*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgzWL7PR-9I Largest anti-woke marketplace just opened up public funding via NYSE] - [[Steve Turley]]'s interview with the president of Public Square

*[https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/16/tucker-carlson-twitter-show-strikes-ad-deal.html Tucker Carlson has agreed to a seven-figure ad deal with Public Square (PublicSq.), a conservative-friendly shopping app, for his Twitter show.]

*[https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/anti-woke-marketplace-publicsq-begin-trading-nyse Anti-woke marketplace PublicSq. to begin trading on NYSE]: The conservative alternative to Amazon goes public.

This is probably going to be one of the best ways to buycott and it's growing fast. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:31, August 13, 2023 (EDT)

== I don't want Essay template pollution on my essays. I have created essays with tens of thousands of views. Another editors's last essay has received about 25 page views ==
[[File:Wambulance.jpeg|right|350px|]]
Andy, you told me in the past that you are dead set against "template pollution". Templates are ugly and a barrier to readers.

I have created essays with tens of thousands of views. And various people have told me that my political/worldview essays were informative.

And some of my humor essays people have enjoyed as well and have been very popular.

RobSmith just put some "template pollution" on an essay of mine that already has received over 1,000 page views.

RobSmith's last essay entitled [[Essay: Do you strongly believe in gun rights? Don't move to Russia or any NATO country!]] has merely received about 25 page views and was of low quality (At least in my estimation and the people who have not shared it with their friends/family).

I have invited RobSmith to write counter-essays in order to try to rebut my essays, but he can't do it because he doesn't have the evidence or good arguments. So instead, he is using the illegitimate way of handling his disagreements with my essays and using a "template pollution" strategy.

Also, already the essay I created which RobS put "template pollution" on is ranking #2 at Google for searches related to this topic.

I will contact you about this matter later today. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:38, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:'' he can't do it because he doesn't have the evidence''

:Maybe I don't have the time to waste responding to [[trolling]]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:45, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

::RobSmith, you take weak positions and you can't debate your way out of a wet paper bag. That is why you censor or try to harm other people's work. It's really pathetic. Man up and create counter-arguments or admit you are wrong and can't defend your weak positions. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 17:50, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:{ec) We have a pattern here. User:Conservative latches onto a living person he meets up with on [[social media]] and incessantly trolls them, using hours and hours of time, in Essay space over sometimes ridiculous stuff, like eating French Fries.

:See for example [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special:Undelete&target=User%3AConservative%2FGentlemen-resistance-is-futile&timestamp=20081208220904] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:54, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:See also: [[Essay: Someone on the internet disagrees with me. It is driving me mad!]]. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:25, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
::[https://www.bitchute.com/video/Xl4y9n2WHILi/ This one may also be helpful to you.] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:03, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
:Maybe I don't debate because of your bad faith habit of deleting talk pages and other users' postings. It's just a waste of time. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 17:54, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:If you want to use [[Nazi]] apologists in your latest magnum opus, [[Essay: Vladimir Putin is a corrupt kleptocrat and an authoritarian‎‎]], go ahead. It's not the first time I warned you, "Watch out! You are stepping in doggie doo-doo!", and was ignored. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:00, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::I don't care if you debate. Just create counter-arguments at Conservapedia and let people judge for themselves. But your weak positions are so lame that you can't do it. And it really burns you up so you spitefully put template pollution on my material that you can't refute.

:::It takes zero brains and talent to use "template pollution". And you compound matters by using childish language like "doo-doo". Grow up. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 18:01, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Let's look at one of our last phone conversations (as you were scarfing down junk food at 7-11). You wanted to discuss the difference between US & UK [[libel]] laws; I wanted to discuss [https://deceptioninhighplaces.com/review-of-putins-kleptocracy-by-karen-dawisha/ the review of Dawsiha's book on Putin]; you evidently had no knowledge of the differences between US & UK libel laws, and after wasting 10 minutes trying to discuss those differences, you said "I don't think you're going to change my mind about Putin", when in fact '''we never discussed''' Putin, but rather your pet subject (of which you had no knowledge of), UK libel laws.

:::::It's ridiculous, and hopeless, trying to have a level-headed discussion with you. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:17, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
RobSmith, I encourage you to create an essay titled [[Essay: Vladimir Putin is an honest politician and not an authoritarian]]. And in the preface of the essay, you can link to my essay which you put "template pollution" on. Namely my essay [[Essay: Vladimir Putin is a corrupt kleptocrat and an authoritarian| Vladimir Putin is a corrupt kleptocrat and an authoritarian]].

I created the essay [[Essay: Do you strongly believe in gun rights? Don't move to Russia!|Do you strongly believe in gun rights? Don't move to Russia!]] and in response you wrote the essay [[Essay: Do you strongly believe in gun rights? Don't move to Russia or any NATO country!]] which linked to my essay and your essay merely received about 25 page views. I thought your essay was an exceedingly weak essay. I very much doubt that your essay will be named the Conservapedia essay of the year in 2023. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 18:21, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:Here's what you don't understand: somehow you believe my criticisms of NATO & Zelensky means I have an emotional attachment to Putin & Russia. It doesn't. I'm just an observer of the crimes NATO has committed against [[Libya]], [[Ukraine]], and now [[Niger]].

:And I keep warning you about crawling in bed with [[globalist]]s and [[Nazi]]s (which you only do cause you think it tweeks me), but you ignore those warnings. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:27, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:And the bottomline is, your efforts to tweek me only provides justifications for globalists and [[Ukrainian Nazi]]s. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:27, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:*'''''[[Daily Mail]]'' poll: 57% of [[Iowa]] [[Republican]]s believe [[America]] is becoming like [[Nazi Germany]].''' [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12390121/Iowa-Republicans-America-NAZI-GERMANY-Donald-Trump-indicted-poll.html] But User:Conservative opposes [[Operation Denazification]] and keeps crawling in bed with globalists and Nazis. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:51, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:Why does he do It? Cause he believes it? Cause he has a deep understanding of the facts and issues at play in the world today? No. To refute my efforts to educate the [[conservative]] movement on what's really happening that the [[MSM]] [[censor]]s - because somehow, he has personal animosity against me - probably cause I exposed him in April of 2022 of not having any understanding of the issues in play.
[[File:Wager.PNG|1500px]]
:So he's spent well over 300 hours now on this personal jihad cause he can't get away with using Deletion to remove stupid comments from discussions he probably should never have been involved in, in the first place. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 18:59, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::I am not pro-Russia or pro-Ukraine. America first! USA! USA! USA! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:00, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::And I wrote a rebuttal to your mischaracterization/misrepresentation of my above quote at: [[User:Conservative: Was April 2022 a pivotal point in geopolitics that will affect geopolitics for 30 years or was it a failed prediction concerning the war in Ukraine?|Was April 2022 a pivotal point in geopolitics that will affect geopolitics for 30 years or was it a failed prediction concerning the war in Ukraine?]]. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:03, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::(ec) You oppose [[Operation Denazification]] and support globalists. Period. That's what your Essays say. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:05, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:::57% of Iowa Republicans oppose Nazism (probably more, but that wasn't the question); not you, you've gone out of your way to provide justification for support of Ukrainian Nazism. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:08, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::::I know what I believe better than you RobSmith. It's time to create some counter-essays. I could carve out of a banana an opposition that is stronger than you RobSmith. It's time to stop relying on your lame, milquetoast "template pollution" and develop a backbone demonstrated through compelling counter-essays. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:10, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::::I'm not interested in your trolling for this reason: I know your Essays are directed at me, not [[Putin]]. And you have destroyed any credibility in arguments by incessant Deletions of talk pages and Debates (as mentioned above, our last phone conversation was you calling to ask me if I had objections to you Deleting your comment "the Roman Catholic Church is a corrupt joke". [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:16, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
{{Cquote|[[File:I stand by my post that the Catholic Church is a corrupt joke.PNG]]}}
[[File:I'm teachers pet.PNG|right|200px|]]
The Catholic Church has had a lot of problems/press related to priests committing pedophilia and they still haven't adequately rooted out the problem. Expecting the Catholic Church to repent isn't a radical idea. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:24, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:Then, as a masterdebater, everytime you get your cahoonies in a vice, you pull out your one Ace up your sleeve, "I'm teacher's pet." [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:26, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
As I noted above, the Catholic Church has had a lot of problems/press related to priests committing pedophilia and they still haven't adequately rooted out the problem. Expecting the Catholic Church to repent isn't a radical idea.

And I had something to add which I am including below.

You are trying to derail this thread with something irrelevant that occurred in a spirited debate thread. I know and you know why you are trying to do this. You are losing and not making a good case for your "template pollution".

And I know for a fact that the owner of the website very much dislikes "template pollution". [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 19:29, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:I doubt if the owner is sympathetic with your Nazi apologetics, but we'll see. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 19:34, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

===Let's look at one of your "experts" you caught by <s>fly casting</s> research to refute me===
[[File:Olinger email on Zeihan.PNG|right|350px|thumb|]]
According to a December 5, 2005 email released by [[Wikileaks]] from Peter Olinger, Chief of Emergency and Anti-Terrorism Operations for [[Lockheed Martin]] Space Systems to Stratfor, [[Peter Zeihan]] is "anti-[[Conservative]]". [https://wikileaks.org/gifiles/docs/44/449967_fw-peter-zeihan-stratfor-writer-background-.html] Olinger writes:
{{Cquote|what's so special about him to bump him up to the top tier of credited authorship? I scoured the everthing for a biography of Mr. Zeihan and came up pretty short. He's an "Energy Analyst" and supposedly a Russian and Central Asian affairs analyst, but never lived there...He sounds like one of the [[liberal]] press writers of today that write for so many publications on the market.}}
'''Zeihan has been referred to as a "huckster" [https://michaelyon.com/featured-dispatches/pretender-alert-peter-zeihan/] and "buffoon" whose "whole sthick is USA preeminence and how our 'advantages' will lead to our continued domination of the world.''' These advantages are [[Hispanic]] [[slave]] labor, ocean moats, and raw resources." [https://sonar21.com/niger-coup-a-contrived-crisis-or-a-major-cia-goof-and-my-interview-on-a-russian-morning-show/#comment-146860] He has been criticized for his "bad predictions with bad premises." [https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/11/peter-zeihan-makes-bad-predictions-with-bad-premises.html] Most of his speeches on [[YouTube]] are at upscale investor conferences and to sell books. [https://attackthesystem.com/2021/05/20/the-limits-of-peter-zeihans-analysis/] Zeihan has been predicting [[China]]’s meltdown since 2005. He repeats the call for China meltdown and possible breakup or breakdown multiple times. In 2010, he said it would happen within 3-5 years. [https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2023/01/here-is-what-peter-zeihan-got-wrong-on-the-joe-rogan-show.html]

:[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:58, August 16, 2023 (EDT)

::After I added Zeihan to the Globalism Template as one of the chief personalities pushing globalism today, User:Conservative had to do a quick clean up of his Essays, but Zeihan is still cited as an expert in no less than four of Cons Essays, of which I think he spammed links to in this discussion thread. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:13, August 16, 2023 (EDT)

::Once again, if User:Cons talk page was open to dialogue, he could have been warned to avoid stepping in doggie doo like this. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:35, August 16, 2023 (EDT)

::And you can't alert him on a Mainspace or Essay space talk page either, cause he'll just Delete the discussion there, as well. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:48, August 16, 2023 (EDT)

=== final key points about this matter ===

'''Key point:''' A quick note and a solution to the RobS hassling me problem. I say this because [[User: DavidB4]] said about RobSmith's recent interactions with me the following: "Anyway, I can't see either Conservative or Rob getting demoted. But maybe like Karajou, Conservative will get bullied out too. Then Rob is the last one standing. --DavidB4 (TALK) 23:03, July 9, 2023 (EDT)"[https://www.conservapedia.com/Conservapedia:User_complaints/Archive_3] So RobS has been acting like a bully. Bulling should not be rewarded at a wiki because it is poisonous and kills a sense of community.

'''Key point:''' This week, a Conservapedia editor confidentially told me that he stopped editing Conservapedia in the past because of RobSmith's abusive behavior towards him.

'''Here are my 5 other main points:'''

'''1.''' I am pro-America and America first. I am not pro-Ukraine or pro-Russia. I take the position that the USA should stop sending money to Ukraine. Regardless, I am not going to comment on the war in Ukraine further on the website or about Russia or Ukraine.

'''2.''' I finished my essay relating Putin and put a lot of work into it in terms of research. So I will not be adding to it. So that should simmer things down. And you're not giving me counter-evidence to the content I put on that page.

'''3.''' I will avoid future interaction with RobS. He doesn't make any sense and does not put forth good-faith arguments. He is a dishonest and unreasonable person. We both know he is a difficult person. And User: DavidB4 knows RobSmith is a difficult person. In the past, you desysoped RobSmith for being a contentious person.

'''4.''' I do know how to drive a lot of traffic to websites. The search engines and website users don't like templates. The search engines have publicly stated that don't like websites with a lot of templates on them.

'''5.''' I put a lot of work into the website. And I have been right many times on what creates traffic and what kills traffic. I just ask that my work doesn't have template pollution on it.

Deleting a well-supported essay that I spent time on is a slap in the face. I don't delete material you write on the website that I disagree with and you should not do the same with me. There is a lot of data supporting what I wrote. '''If you decide that an ugly template is put on the essay, I am out.''' It's an essay. Essays are written by an author and not many editors at the wiki like a wiki article. Having an ugly template is senseless and is traffic-killing. There is a not a single essay on this website with a template on it that is ranking well with the major search engines.

I do think that I do have a following. Much bigger than RobSmith has. His content doesn't get nearly as much traffic as evidenced by his recent poorly essay about gun rights which merely received about 25 page views. As Aristotle said, "Excellence is a habit". If RobS cared about excellence, he wouldn't have written that poorly done and poorly trafficked essay that merely received about 25 page views. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 20:26, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:(ec) The anti-Putin essay begins with a quote from Alexander Motyl (which he added today). Without even getting into a discussion of the [[Eurasia Group]] and other personalities cited, [https://oralhistory.harriman.columbia.edu/interview/19 Motyl's ''Reminiscences''] here goes into partial detail about how he and [[NeverTrump]]er [[Ian Bremmer]] secured funding from [[George Soros]] for a project at Columbia Univrsity. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:31, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:User:Conservative does not do research; he does fly casting on Google for material he thinks will discredit his imaginary opponents he latches onto through social media. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 20:41, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::I do not do research, RobSmith? My article on homosexuality has over 200 footnotes. And unlike you, I don't make claims that my footnotes do not support because that would be dishonest.

::'''Another relevant point:''' The USA has had alliances with unsavory people. In WWII, FDR and the tyrant Joseph Stalin worked together to defeat the Nazis. Trump's position that Putin may be a killer and the USA has not been so innocent in the past was a true statement ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8-VB-XkjKQ Trump on Putin: "we've got a lot of killers. You think our country's so innocent?"]). Unlike RobS, Trump isn't a Putin cheerleader. If the USA chooses to stop funding the corrupt country of Ukraine which will probably not achieve its objectives in this war, I have no problem with that. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 20:55, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::That's where you are wrong (again), I'm not a Putin cheerleader. And I don't use Soros-funded junk on CP, either.
:::And I didn't "write an essay" with 25 views, I filled in a Redirect you created that was totally bogus. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:03, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::::[[Abraham Lincoln]], [[Franklin Roosevelt]], [[Dwight Eisenhower]], [[Lyndon Johnson]], [[Richard Nixon]], [[Ronald Reagan]], [[Papa Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], [[Baby Bush]], [[Barack Obama]], [[Donald Trump]], [[Joe Biden]] as well as [[Winston Churchill]], [[Adolf Hitler]], [[King David]], [[King Solomon]], and [[Moses]] were all killers (and a few more world leaders). Your appeal to [[emotion]] is pitiful, and shows how little you understand about the real world and how it works. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:15, August 20, 2023 (EDT)

:::So what's your boast? That you have more followers you feed Nazi, globalist, and Soros-funded [[propaganda]]? Wow. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:07, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::And you evidently are proud of it. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:08, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
[[Genetic fallacy]], RobS. And recently you encouraged Conservapedia readers on main page right to read a ''Washington Post'' article and a ''Financial Times'' article.

RobSmith, you recently posted this on main page right: "'''''[[WaPo]]:''''' The sense of despair is driven by massive casualties in [[Kiev]]’s counteroffensive...Most soldiers sent to the front die in just two to three days' [https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/ukrainians-begin-despair-bloody-counteroffensive-yields-small-gains][https://archive.li/1evHw] '''[[Ukrainian]] men pay $4000 to be smuggled out''' of the country to avoid the draft and sent on suicide attacks by [[Zelensky]]. [https://www.bitchute.com/video/93RsJqpDNV0a/][https://www.bitchute.com/video/GmOsxa1xhB2r/] '''''[[Financial Times]]:''''' Press gang bosses accept [[bribe]]s up to $10,000 from draft dodgers. [https://archive.is/ge7mF]"

So why is it ok for you to sometimes cite an MSM source, but it's not ok for me to do so. Hypocrisy to the nth degree! A classic case of "Rules for thee, but not for me!" [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:13, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:(ec) Well, duh. If you can't detect that the [[MSM]] [[brainwashing]] you've been subjected to for the past 18 months (and longer) is beginning to flip, I don't know what to tell you (actually I do, but there's not the space here to go into it, and you don't like discussions on your user talk page, either). [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 21:17, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::RobS, I don't mind discussions on my user talk page. I have had several cordial discussions on my user page with other editors.

::What I do mind is someone who I disagreed with over the phone and told them that we are going to have to agree to disagree on a matter and I don't want to discuss a matter further, obsessively post something on my user page after the phone call ended. That is obnoxious, bullying behavior and of course I will not put up with it.

::RobS, write this down and put it on your wall: '''You can't make someone agree with you.''' I could care less if you agree with me on various points. Unlike you, I don't crave others agreement or approval!

::And Andy agreed with me about your bad and unreasonable behavior on my user talk page. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 21:43, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::::[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:Aschlafly&diff=1970278&oldid=1970258 Why then did you post this?] I thought users were free to post or delete whatever they like on their user talk pages?
::::I'll answer this question: that post is harassment and trolling of both me and Andy. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:08, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::Your habit of deleting discussions on your user talk discourages editors from even attempting to resolve misunderstandings. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:03, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
Bottomline: Things significantly escalated when you decided to obsess about me on your user page and in a way that I know is misleading. If you want to completely de-escalate on your user page, then I will reciprocate in terms of what my user page covers in terms of Russia/Putin, the current war in Ukraine and related matters. But not before then. If you're going to mischaracterize a quote of mine and provide no context, then I will offer a response to it. That's only fair and reasonable. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:20, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:Oh, now you wanna change the [[Castle Rule]], huh? You're just [[trolling]], again. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:21, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::I am not going to wrangle with a childish and contentious person. Best of luck to you on your user page. I think it makes you look like an obsessed and deranged person that is very obsessed with me. I laugh at it.

::For Andy's sake, however, I thought I would offer an olive branch. But you can't make peace with crazy. Wise King Solomon said, “the hearts of men are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts while they live, and after that they go to the dead” (Ecclesiastes 9:3). Ultimately, people have free will. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 22:30, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:::Yah, [https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/talebearer/ read what Solomon said about talebearers] sometime, too. If you opened you user space for discussion, maybe you wouldn't have the reputation of a talebearer. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 22:51, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
::::Why would I open my user talk page to crazy malevolence? Thanks, but no thanks. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 23:02, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
:::::Okay, let the misunderstandings, misperceptions, and misconceptions pile up, and run here as a talebearer and teachers pet everytime you have to eat your own words. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 23:13, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:::::How many hours, over how many weeks, have we spent on this when someone quotes your own words back to you? Then you refuse discussion on your talk page, and run here to Andy and say, "Mom, he's being mean to me." [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 23:19, August 14, 2023 (EDT)
[[Image:Spam.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Internet Spam can refer to repetitious posting of the same points over and over again, as if maybe the 2nd, 3rd, or umpteenth time it is repeated it may finally make sense and stick.]]
There is no misunderstanding RobSmith.

RobSmith you wrote: "You are and I'll put it in the Acknowledgements. If everything goes right, hopefully it'll stand next to the Dialogues of Plato, Socratic method, and [[Machiavelli]] Discourses in classrooms someday. [[User:RobSmith|nobs]] 00:20, 29 January 2017 (UTC)"[https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RobSmith/Essay:the_nobsian_method&diff=1789870&oldid=1789833]

I understand that you are an admirer of Machiavelli who preached manipulativeness, callousness and indifference to morality. That is why you were desysoped before by Andy. And that is why your last essay merely saw about 25 page views. People don't take you seriously and that includes me. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 23:24, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

:Asked and answered. You're trolling. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 23:25, August 14, 2023 (EDT)

Thanks to your trolling, I missed informing our readers that Trump got indicted FIVE HOURS AGO. This has gotten ridiculous, you getting your feelings hurt cause someone quoted your own words back to you from a discussion that you probably should never have been involved with in the first place. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 00:08, August 15, 2023 (EDT)

:RobS, I have worked in fields that require people having a thick skin. My feelings certainly weren't hurt.

:But you are right about one thing. Having a discussion with you was a waste of time and my time could have been better spent given your Machiavellian duplicitousness.

:And nobody is asking other people what they were doing on April 9, 2022 when Boris Johnson easily scuttled a tentative peace deal that was more fragile than most vases because Russia had such a bad relationship with Ukraine. When Russia let the horse out of the barn with its special invasion things began moving in a much more negative way. The momentum wasn't going to be stopped - especially since the Democrats/Biden hate Putin/Russia so much.
::Hey, if Boris Johnson walked up to you and said, "Hey, I'll give you $100,000,000,000 if you don't make the deal with Putin," I'm sure you'd take the cash. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:49, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
:Your man Putin really screwed up big time when he launched his special invasion because it made Russia's serious demographic winter even more frigid. Tons of Russians have fled the country and Russia experienced a brain drain too as a part of this fleeing of men out of Russia. And on top of these problems, tens of thousands of Russian soldiers have died. That is one of the many reasons why I am not bullish on Russia in terms of its future (See: [[Essay: Why I am not bullish on Russia's future|Why I am not bullish on Russia's future]]). [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:30, August 15, 2023 (EDT)

::When you have something new to say other than recycled [[spam]], let me know. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 00:46, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
:::Andy, do you know what you were doing on April 9, 2022? I very much doubt that you do given the insignificance of the date. I know I have no idea what I did on April 9, 2022 - like most people!!! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:47, August 15, 2023 (EDT)

::::And here, I'm going to play the same silly game you play with the same repetitious cut n paste spam, so my comment appears at the end and obscures your comment:
{{quotebox-float|Thanks to your trolling, I missed informing our readers that Trump got indicted FIVE HOURS AGO. This has gotten ridiculous, you getting your feelings hurt cause someone quoted your own words back to you from a discussion that you probably should never have been involved with in the first place.}}
::::[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 00:51, August 15, 2023 (EDT)
RobSmith, if spam by definition is repeating something over and over, then much of your comments in this thread are spam. Your incessant spamming of the alleged importance of April 9, 2022 is spam. Your incessant spam of my position in a debate that the Catholic Church needs to repent concerning its pedophilia and homosexual priests problem is not only spam, but it's an intentional attempt to derail this thread topic.

And your unproductive obsession with me is unhealthy. I suggest you accept the fact that some people on the internet are not going to agree with you on everything. If you accepted this fact of life, then you wouldn't be driving yourself into a tizzy over and over again. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 06:57, August 15, 2023 (EDT)

:My Machiavellian machinations motivate me to make the same moves to play the same silly game you play with the same repetitious cut n paste spam, so my comment appears at the end and obscures your comment:
{{quotebox-float|'''Thanks to your trolling, I missed informing our readers that Trump got indicted FIVE HOURS AGO. This has gotten ridiculous, you getting your feelings hurt cause someone quoted your own words back to you from a discussion that you probably should never have been involved with in the first place.'''}}

== Conservapedia and the origins of global creationism ==

In 2012, the University at Toronto reported: “We have seen in the last two decades a rapid spread of creationism beyond the United States and beyond Christianity to other religions to the present time where it is a global phenomenon,” said Numbers in a talk entitled Creationism Goes Global. “But the big story in the last 20 years is the booming enterprise of creationism in the Islamic world.”[https://www.utoronto.ca/news/creationism-goes-global]

Conservapedia was launched in 2004 and for awhile it ranked #4 at Google for the term "evolution". Also, historically most of the very vocal evolutionists have been atheists/agnostics and Conservapedia's atheism articles have received a lot of page views.

The website ScienceNordic.com noted in 2015: "Creationism has particularly been on the rise in step with the internet, which according to Peter Kjærgaard has made it much easier for people to become activists and hurl out statements in favour of creationism...".[https://sciencenordic.com/creationism-denmark-education/scientists-warn-creationism-is-on-the-rise-in-europe/1414679]

Conservapedia helped the phenomena of [[global creationism]] as far as its initial rapid breakout period in the 1990s and the first decade of the 2000s.

And once the proverbial genie of global creationism was out of the bottle, it has been impossible for evolutionists to get him back in the bottle. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 11:12, August 16, 2023 (EDT)

:''He that goeth about as a talebearer revealeth secrets: therefore meddle not with him that flattereth with his lips.'' - [[King Solomon]], Proverbs 20:19. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:20, August 16, 2023 (EDT)
::Another interpretation based on [https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/talebearer/ Proverbs 11:13] could be read to say: ''He that goeth about as a talebearer is faithless: therefore meddle not with him that flattereth with his lips.''
::A review of User:Conservative's postings in this talk shows that when he's not going about as a talebearer, he acting as a flatterer. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 11:11, August 17, 2023 (EDT)
== More trolling about taking a sabbatical which never happened ==
[[File:Beating a dead horse.gif|right|300px|thumb|Beating a dead horse]]
Before I embark on my work/project related sabbatical, I thought I would better elaborate my position that April 2022 was not a pivotal month in terms of the war in Ukraine. At the time RobSmith got angry with my position, I didn't have much time to elaborate my position due to various off wiki matters. Perhaps, RobSmith will see better why I take this position. Perhaps, he won't. Let the chips fall where they may.

By the way, an irony of this matter is that my interest in politics is significantly less and my interest in faith, family, friends and work have grown. Sadly, the world is filled with incompetent and narcissistic politicians and my interest in following this soap opera has waned. Post WWII prosperity caused baby boomer politicians USA/West to have big egos and be less moral. And 70 years of Soviet communism had a bad effect on Russian society (See: [[Soviet Union and morality]]). That is one of the reasons why I have zero interest in having a conflict with RobSmith over politics. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:36, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:Who says I got angry? I've tried to warn you dozens of times about stepping in doggie doo-doo, and all you do is write nonsensical essays and Delete comments by others trying to help. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 00:41, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
::Maybe your past screaming over the phone leads me to believe that you have an anger management problem. Anyways, I have bigger fish to fry than be entangled in a protracted and pointless online feud/soap opera. This is especially true since it is centered around two corrupt/authoritarian countries (Ukraine/Russia) which will likely experience declining influence in the world due to their coming demographic winters and their declining economic fortunes. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:49, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
::::'''''Business Insider'', August 16, 2023: [https://www.businessinsider.com/war-in-ukraine-russia-richer-millionaires-billionaires-uhnw-wealth-ubs-2023-8# Russia got richer even as the war in Ukraine raged on last year, while the West shed trillions of dollars of wealth].'''
::::Bzzzt. Wrong again. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 02:31, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
:::''A talebearer revealeth secrets: but he that is of a faithful spirit concealeth the matter.'' - Pr 11:13
:::If you weren't so stubborn, maybe people wouldn't treat you so rudely. And whoever taught you that "conservativism" meant being stubborn, was wrong. Conservativism is living and active, and sharper than a two-edged sword. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 00:56, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:'''<big>Alert! Doggie doo dead ahead!</big>''' [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F&curid=178628&diff=1971809&oldid=1971060 All this nonsense you just added] is going to make you look pretty foolish when the consensus view of historians after the war is added to [[Conservapedia proven right]]. But, who cares, that's in the future, huh? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:12, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:That will leave future researchers wondering, (1) 'Why did User:Cons take such an absurd position?', and (2) 'Why was he so obsessed about defending it for the next 18 months?'

:The first question is easy to answer, ''He gave a snarky answer on a subject he understood little about''; the second question future researchers will be debating about the state of your mental health, whereas you could have simply said, "I was wrong'. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:18, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:I challenge this statement:

::''RobS made his statement on April 17, 2022 which was '''AFTER the tentative peace deal was scuttled.''' So RobS did not have some profound insight at this time.''
[[File:Draft treaty.PNG|right|350px|thumb|The Istanbul peace talks had resolved the issues of borders; Zelensky had agreed to give up Crimea, the Russians would withdraw troops from Ukraine, the [[Minsk Accords]] granting autonomy to the Donbas republics would be implemented, Ukraine would declare its neutrality and not join NATO. So far had the peace talks progressed, the line items Putin is holding up are arms limitations, how many tanks, aircraft, rocket launchers, etc Ukraine agreed to limit itself to. ''Source:'' Prof. Ivan Katchanovski]]
:I don't know how "profound" it was, but anyone following the war at that time, and seeing that a week after BoJo's visit, the peace talks were scuttled, and NATO ramped up the war, could understand NATO was betting the farm on its future. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:31, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
::I made my forecast [https://www.conservapedia.com/User:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F#My_predictions_about_how_long_the_war_in_Ukraine_will_last_and_what_its_likely_outcomes_will_be HERE] about the war in Ukraine. And RobS made his forecast about the war in Ukraine [https://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Conservative:_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F#Nishant_Xavier.27s_Prediction_about_this_issue.2FWar HERE].

::The Russian ruble is not doing too well right now and Russia faces some headwinds in terms of future of the ruble. The Chinese economy is experiencing significant problems too. So a portion of my forecasts is already coming true. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 01:35, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
:::'''''The Conservative Treehouse'', August 17, 2023: [https://theconservativetreehouse.com/blog/2023/08/17/stunningly-low-prices-a-visit-to-an-average-russian-supermarket/ Stunningly Low Prices – A Visit to an Average Russian Supermarket].''' Excerpted:
{{quotebox-float|100 rubles equals $1.00. 350 rubles is $3.50. Additionally for weighted products 1kg equals 2.2 lbs. So generally speaking, if something is 100 rubles/kg it is $1 for two pounds.

Example from the video:

•Lean ground beef at 329 rubles/kg is less than $1.65/lb.

•Bacon at 250 rubles/kg is less than $1.25/lb.

•20 eggs are 139 rubles or $1.39.

•Boneless skinless chicken breast $4 for 4lbs.

•Typical Bagged salad mixes .79¢ each. etc.}}

:::If my forecast about Russia/Ukraine/West/USA in my polical essays turn out to be right or largely right, I have decided that may choose to say these 4 words: I told you so! :) I will keep my commentary brief, however, lest it drag into some pointless online feud/soap opera. :) [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 01:45, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
::::I am in the midst of reading the book ''Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals'' by Oliver Burkemanwhich which I picked up at the library today. The author warns about wasting your time in pointless online feuds about politics. Excellent advice! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 01:49, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:(ec x2) Don't even start trolling with off-topic subjects like the ruble.

:Explain how AFTER BoJo's visit, AFTER the Russians withdrew from Kiev as a gesture of good faith, AFTER the peace talks were scuttled by a third party, AFTER NATO ramped up the war, that is (a) a "profound" insight that (b) any observer could see but you? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:52, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
I did explain and I just expanded my explanation via 8 separate points (See: [[User:Conservative: Was April 2022 a pivotal point in geopolitics that will affect geopolitics for 30 years or was it a failed prediction concerning the war in Ukraine?|Essay: Was April 2022 a pivotal point in geopolitics that will affect geopolitics for 30 years or was it a failed prediction concerning the war in Ukraine?]] ).

If a conductor briefly manages to slow a runaway train by turning on some breaks which likely cannot slow the train long and will soon give/burn out, the breaks are not a very good solution. The underlying causes of the train being a runaway train have to be solved. As long as there is plenty of fuel and a mighty train engine that is engaged, the towns on the train's route should prepare for a runaway train problem.

That super fragile and tentative peace deal was a break that quickly burned out. Putin should have never launched his special operation. That was like turning on a train's engine, making the conductor get off the train and then watch to see what happens!

And right now, the war in Ukraine is a runaway train. Mearsheimer agrees with me about the likely length of war and believes the war in Ukraine will go on for some time. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 02:07, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:No you didn't. You're spewing nonsense and trolling. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 02:13, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

:And Profs. Katchanovski and Mearsheimer are not [[nazisymp]]s, despite your best efforts to make them appear to be. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 02:40, August 18, 2023 (EDT)

Let's return to the basic premise and its nonsensical conclusion. I challenge this statement:

:''RobS made his statement on April 17, 2022 which was '''AFTER the tentative peace deal was scuttled.''' So RobS did not have some profound insight at this time.''

Would RobS have "profound insight" if he had made the statement '''BEFORE''' the peace deal was scuttled? Impossible. Cause that would require making a prediction on the outcome of the negotiations, which is not what RobS is doing at all. The negotiations could have been successful, and everybody live happily ever after. But RobS is speaking on the consequences of failure AFTER the peace deal was scuttled. The conclusion that RobS could not have some profound insight AFTER the deal was scuttled is illogical.

User:Cons "logic" is based on him not being programmed by the [[mainstream media]] on the consequences of failure at the time, and nothing more. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 04:50, August 18, 2023 (EDT

[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User%3AConservative%3A_Was_April_2022_a_pivotal_point_in_geopolitics_that_will_affect_geopolitics_for_30_years_or_was_it_a_failed_prediction_concerning_the_war_in_Ukraine%3F&diff=1971846&oldid=1970355 This nonsense added here] violates [[Fischer's 7 habits of sound historiography]]:
:(2) ''Historical evidence must be an answer to the question asked and not to any other question.''

Your entire Essay looks like [[Fani Willis]]' Georgia indictment of Trump, using the same "logic". [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:11, August 18, 2023 (EDT)
::I have decided to reserve the right to comment on Russian related matters in the future. RobSmith's alternative reality on the Russian ruble which has recently fallen prompted this matter.

::[https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-minister-now-us-truck-driver-salary-same-ruble-crashed-2023-8 The Russian ruble hit a 16-month low this week and is one of the worst performing currencies in 2023.], ''Business Insider'', August 18, 2023

::[https://www.barrons.com/livecoverage/stock-market-today-081523/card/russia-cranks-interest-rates-to-12-in-emergency-move-supporting-ruble-qZIrzuCgo6bOG4LVggRQ Russia Cranks Interest Rates to 12% in Emergency Move Supporting Ruble], ''Barron's'', August 19, 2023 [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 00:56, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::Big deal. Here is precisely where Western economists were so wrong about the Russian economy: Western [[GDP]] estimates are based upon exchange rates with the dollar. Russia does not need foreign currency. The Russian economy is virtually (and possibly unique as the only country) self-contained and self-sufficient. They don't need anything from the rest of the world. So they don't really care, nor need to be concerned, how it performs against foreign currencies. The only people it affects are Westerners who want to travel to Russia illegally, in violation of sanctions.

:::But ramble on in your lame defense of taking absurd positions, and ignore anyone who tries to help you. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:06, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

::And you are off point once again. Explain your illogical conclusion in this statement (I have the right to demand an answer, given that you use my name specifically):

:::''RobS made his statement on April 17, 2022 which was '''AFTER the tentative peace deal was scuttled.''' So RobS did not have some profound insight at this time.''
::[[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:09, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::::[https://archive.md/xJuj3#selection-4295.8-4295.22 Russia’s War-Torn Economy Hits Its Speed Limit: Economists see this week’s currency gyrations not as the beginning of a financial crisis but rather as a symptom of the Kremlin’s sclerotic economic prospects], ''Wall Street Journal'', August 2023

::::"On Tuesday, it said in a statement that Russia’s worsening trade balance was caused by a decrease in export volumes as well as the decline in prices mainly for energy exports."[https://archive.md/DoWrg#selection-4753.77-4753.253] "China's imports from Russia dropped in July, the first monthly decline since February 2021.[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/chinas-july-imports-russia-fall-051040804.html] Thanks to Putin's decision to launch his special operation in February 2022, Russian oil sales have too many eggs in the China customer basket. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 01:27, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::::You are trolling with extraneous nonsense, because you cannot answer your illogical criticism of another editor. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:38, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::::If I were Andy, listening to your trolling bs, I'd probably just give up on the Conservapedia project and quit paying the server bills. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 01:41, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
RobSmith, you are not Andy. Andy Schlafly is far more conservative than you. For example, conservatives are far more tolerant of dissenting views. To his credit, Andy wrote this essay: [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness]].

'''Bottomline:''' This wiki isn't RobSmithPedia. And trolling isn't merely opinions you disagree with. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 12:41, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:Bottomline, I think you are trying to convince Andy once and for all to pull the plug with your ridiculousness and refusal to get along with others. Cause that's all you contribute these days. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:47, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::In your egocentric and Machiavellian world, disagreeing with you is not "getting along with others". RobSmith, please come back to the world of reality. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 12:50, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::You don't even know who or what you disagree with. You latch on to a living person you met on the internet who somehow hurt your feelings and think by [[trolling|making yourself a pain in butt]] you somehow "win". Ole Ole Ole. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:57, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::And cause they are quick to identify and block your trolling at Rationalwiki now, you've turned to trolling living Conservapedia editors, speaking on things you don't understand. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:59, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::Go troll [[PZ Myers]], Penn & Gilette, Ace McWicked or User:Spud some more, and leave me alone. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:04, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

::This whole thread, "Quick note", isn't a quick note at all. It's you trolling Andy's talk page. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:10, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::::RobSmith, while the dead [[atheist movement]] was alive I wrote articles on prominent atheists within that movement. But it is now that this movement is dead, I write far less content on atheism.

::::Also, you are engaging in [[projection]]. You are obsessed with me on your user page, which you certainly have a right to do, but I do think it is unhealthy that you are so obsessed with me. On the other hand, my user page makes passing mention of a dispute you have with me about the significance of the date of April 9, 2022 (Which is a date I and most people don't know what they were doing on that date given its relative insignificance).

::::I do find it humorous that you are so obsessed with me though. Please expand your commentary on me on your user page as it will make you look even more unhinged. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 13:19, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Oh, so that's why you don't troll PZ Myers or Penn & Gilette anymore. Okay. Look, there are plenty of [[LGBT]] sites and forums you could find to latch onto and troll a living person. Why don't you do that? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:25, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::::And I'm glad you admit you "find it humorous" your trolling activity. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:27, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
RobSmith, I extended to you an olive branch about our current dispute about Russia, but you rejected it. So I find your petulant whining about a few of my dissenting views from your views about Russia rather tiresome. But at the same time, it is entertaining given the poor rebuttals you have given so far.

My web content about Russia is a very small fraction of the content I have written at this wiki. I suggest that you behave more maturely about others disagreeing with you on the internet. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 13:36, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:Oh, thanks. Now please stop inhibiting me from making productive edits to mainspoace.

:Your trolling, over the past 3 days alone, have occupied at least 50% of my time at this crucial juncture in the war, when 55% of Americans oppose giving any more money to support the war and, if successful, will save thousands of lives. But I know you really don't care about that. Ole Ole Ole. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 13:41, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::I am against the USA funding the war in Ukraine. And I suggest that you get over your obsession with me if it is getting in the way of you creating useful content at this wiki. And that is 100% within your control. So stop whining. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 13:48, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::Bull. Go back and revise you Mainspace additions to [[Dark Triad personality traits]] and few other Mainpace pages which were maliciously added to attack me (and not for any general educational purposes), as well as your Essays and User space, and then we'll talk about "obsessions" and "olive branches". [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:00, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::Ole Ole Ole. I declare victory. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:09, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::Here's one for [https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Conservapedia_talk:RobSmith#Hall_of_fame Rob's Hall of Fame]: "You can't debate stupid, but with me you've met your match." [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:17, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::::Unlike a person with [[Machiavellianism|Machiavellian]] traits at this wiki (which is one of the [[Dark Triad personality traits]]. As noted above, [https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RobSmith/Essay:the_nobsian_method&diff=1789870&oldid=1789833 you have expressed admiration for Machiavelli's work ''Discourses'']), I have never longed to be promoted to a wiki Bureaucrat at this wiki. And I was pleased that I was made a wiki Admin/Sysop so quickly. And unlike you, I was never de-sysoped at this wiki for engaging in bullying behavior (Aggressiveness and domineering behavior are [[Dark Triad personality traits]]). [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 14:18, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

::::::"Bullying" is not you not being able to go toe-to-toe with me in debate; bullying is you Deleting other users comments and whole discussion for 16 years, and disrupting conversations and efforts to build cooperation between editors; bullying is the activity of a certain ex-Admin, who's name began with K, who would not allow anyone to do anything for 16 years, while I have advocated for good faith cooperation and collaborative editing between editors for 16 years. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:26, August 20, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Machiavelli was a critic of sex perverts in positions of power:
{{Cquote|It makes him hated above all things, as I have said, to be rapacious, and to be a violator of the property and women of his subjects, from both of which he must abstain. [https://www.azquotes.com/quote/548110]}}
:::::So, can we extrapolate from User:Conservative's repeated criticism of Machiavelli that User:Conservative is a supporter, or justifies the conduct of, [[Jeffrey Epstein]] and [[Bill Clinton]]? [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:15, August 20, 2023 (EDT)

:::::"Admiration"? Read the quote again. And you do not impress me as having any familiarity, at all, with the writings of Machiavelli anyway (as you are not familiar with Huntington, Solzhenitsyn, Aristotle, or Socrates, who you misuse and misquote in Conservapedia, as well). [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:30, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:::::Who's your source for the Dark Triad personality traits article which you created [https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Dark_Triad_personality_traits&oldid=1966966 3 weeks ago for the sole purpose of attacking me?] Oh, the [[secular humanist]] rag ''Psychology Today''. I wonder what they say about Christians? about LGBT? So this is how Conservapedia has "evolved", not as an educational resource, but as platform for User:Conservative to maliciously attack, with [[pseudoscientific]] junk, his imaginary personal enemies he's obsessed with. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:44, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
''Psychology Today'' was one of 18 sources to my [[Dark Triad personality traits]] article. But I would be happy to replace the source as it's an easily replaceable source and not in disagreement with psychiatric, psychology or medical journals about the 3 major components of the Dark Triad Personality traits. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 14:56, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:Ever since Andy told you to knock off your personal attacks on Rationalwiki User:Spud's French Fry eating ([https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Rational_Media_Board_of_Director_and_RationalWiki_Moderater_User:_Spud_and_ultra-processed/unhealthy/junk_food&action=history which occupied you for 6 weeks]), you've been focused on me. Shortly thereafter, you moved over from your obsession with User:Spud and carbohydrates to RobS and Machiavelli. None of this can be considered productive editing. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:01, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::Thanks for the feedback. In the [[Dark Triad personality traits]] article, I replaced the ''Psychology Today'' source with a peer-reviewed journal citation which I found via PubMed. At the time, I used Psychology Today because I couldn't find anything errant in the article and it broadly discussed the Dark Triad personality traits.

::I created a few essays as a counterbalance to your Russia cheerleading. And it's very obvious that when you engage in Russian cheerleading it's not based on reality. If it was based on reality, you would move to Russia and not live in the USA. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:14, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::More fly casting. Good catch. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 16:27, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::I have never engaged in "Russia cheerleading". I provide what the [[MSM]] isn't reporting, as MPR declares.
:::If you wanna call it Russia cheerleading, fine. Beware however, the victors write the history, and your Nazi cheerleading will not be whitewashed. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:26, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:(ec) Honestly, as I recall those events, on one hand I was glad to see you focused on something else for those six weeks, but I feared if I spoke up to Andy about it - your abuse of CP Essay space to trigger Ratvandals - you'd focus your obsessions and wrath on me. I was right. But I don't regret complaining about it to Andy, for the reputation and integrity of CP. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:19, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:Ole Ole Ole. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:19, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::I did find the topic of ultra-processed foods and their health risks interesting and relevant to today and so I have written about it. Yesterday, I was doing some shopping and the department store was filled with overweight/obese people and I thought about the content I created at Conservapedia on ultra-processed food and on obesity. A few weeks ago my pastor briefly mentioned the sin of gluttony in his sermon. And Andy just edited Conservapedia's obesity article. Obesity and chronic health conditions related to ultra-processed food are growing problems in the world that weigh down many people. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:29, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:::(ec) Good. You managed to drop your obsession with attacking User:Spud. Now just do the same with me. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:34, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
As I noted above, I merely have a passing mention of you on my user page whereas you are obsessed with me on your user page.

And disagreeing with you on various subjects such as Russia is not an attack on you. RobSmith, if the world revolves around you, then why do you keep bumping into things? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 15:38, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

:You are not doing our readers any service. I am covering several stories in addition to Ukraine, Trump, Maui, etc. I am trying to pursue a story now that says due to a covid variant in Canada, the govt is already preparing mask mandates & lockdowns for mid-September, but you are keeping me from that. I've wasted half that day so far with your trolling nonsense - 4 hours.

:Man up. The world does not revolve around you cause you got your feelings hurt. Suck it up. You stuck your nose in on a discussion you knew nothing about and made a stupid comment. We've all done that. ''Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered'' - Ps 32:1. Forgive and forget. Move on. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:59, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
::RobS, you wrote: "I am trying...". Stop merely trying and just do it. You have a severe case of "excuse-itus". Focus!

::When I set out to help Christendom curtail the duration of the [[atheist movement]], I certainly didn't lose my focus and now [[Decline of the atheist movement|that movement is as dead as doornail]]. And it will never arise again.

::Real men, men with [[machismo]], don't whine, bellyache or make excuses. They focus. Olé! Olé! Olé! [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 16:20, August 19, 2023 (EDT)
:Man up. The world does not revolve around you cause you got your feelings hurt. Suck it up. You stuck your nose in on a discussion you knew nothing about and made a stupid comment. We've all done that. ''Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered'' - Ps 32:1. Forgive and forget. Move on. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 15:59, August 19, 2023 (EDT)

== More trolling ==

Andy, you requested that RobSmith no longer post on my user talk page. Please remind him of your wishes concerning the matter. He just posted some nonsense on my user talk page which I removed.

"We respect users' control over their own talk pages as much as possible. Wikipedia treats users' own talk pages like government or public property, and it becomes a place for Wikipedia editors to bully users." - [[Conservapedia:How Conservapedia Differs from Wikipedia]].

In the past, RobSmith was de-sysoped for his attempted bulling on my user page along with other issues. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] ([[User talk:Conservative|talk]]) 12:36, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

:User:Cons attacks Machiavelli who condemns sex perverts in power and defends the "incompetent pedophile" John Maynard Keynes (in his own words) who's going to make America great again, or something. User:Cones trolling on this page, talk pages, and abuse of Essay space has gone on long enough. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 12:41, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

:More trolling: it turns out User:Conservative agrees with, or admires, the immoral [[Machiavellian]] realist Prof. [[John Joseph Mearsheimer]], which he's spammed all over CP in his obsession to refute me. [https://www.conservapedia.com/International_relations] [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Give Peace a Chance!'']] 14:08, August 21, 2023 (EDT)

Counterexamples to an Old Earth

2023-08-21T21:54:24Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Biology and genetics */ neanderthals now more accepted as a subspecies of humans; evolutionists are shrinking their divergence estimate because science isn't matching up to their old claims

[[File:Moon2.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|"Tidal friction causes the moon to recede from the earth at 4 cm per year. It would have been greater in the past when the moon and earth were closer together. The moon and earth would have been in catastrophic proximity ([[Roche limit]]) at less than a quarter of their supposed age."<ref name="Age of the earth">[https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth Age of the earth]</ref> see: [https://creation.com/the-moon-the-light-that-rules-the-night Recession of the moon from the earth] ]]
It takes only one counterexample to disprove the theory of an [[Old Earth]]. Most of the "evidence" for an Old Earth is based on claims that lack [[falsifiability]], such as [[radiometric dating]], and hence would not even satisfy minimum requirements for admissibility in a court of law. If each of the following 65 '''''counterexamples''''' to an Old Earth were to have merely a 10% chance of being valid, then the probability that the Earth is billions of years old is less than one-tenth of 1%. In other words, '''''the Earth must be young with a likelihood of more than 99.9%'''''.<ref>The same analysis could be applied to the [[Young Earth]] theory, but no valid counterexamples have been found in centuries of atheist attempts. In addition, there are over 100 proofs of a young [[earth]] and [[universe]] (See [https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth ''Age of the earth: 101 evidences for a young age of the earth and the universe'']).</ref>

Much additional scientific evidence points to a [[Young earth creationism|young]] [[Age of the Earth|age of the earth]] and the universe, and the biblical creation organization [[Creation Ministries International]] published articles entitled ''[https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth 101 evidences for a young age of the earth and the universe]'' and [https://creation.com/how-old-is-the-earth How old is the earth?] both of which summarize some of the evidence for a young age of the earth. Further arguments can be found in the article [[arguments for a recent creation]]

The motivation for [[atheist]]s to insist on falsely asserting an old Earth is to pull students away from [[God]]'s immediate presence and to turn them away from [[Jesus Christ]]. Atheists are also motivated, and biased, by the fact that their [[evolutionism|evolutionist]] theories require the world to (implausibly) be billions of years old.

== Counterexamples ==
The growing list of counterexamples to the theory of an [[Old Earth]] includes:

=== History ===
[[File:Sphinx pyramid.jpg|thumb|200px|Although frequently cited by Old Earth supporters against a young earth, [[New Chronology|revised and well-supported Egyptian chronology]] actually provides strong evidence in favor of a young Earth.]]
# The oldest direct evidence of life—written documents, clothing, remnants of civilizations, tree rings, etc.—is no older than about 3,000 B.C.<ref>"The sword did in fact look very similar to those found in the Royal Palace of Arslantepe (Eastern Anatolia), dating back to five thousand years ago and considered to be the oldest swords in the world." [https://www.unive.it/pag/16584/?tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=8707&cHash=8aefaf0abbc21b8f74850ae791b09ad7]</ref> and certainly younger than 4,000 B.C., the approximate date of origin of the Earth, based on a straightforward reading of the [[Bible]]. While adherents to a belief in an old earth claim of artifacts existing further back than 4,000 B.C., those people come to their conclusions due to their presuppositions (i.e. the lens through which they see the world) that evolution is true, that the Earth is old, and that humans were originally dumb and became more intelligent as time went on.<ref>Mortenson, Terry (July 7, 2015). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/trillions-of-artifacts/ Trillions of “Artifacts”—Who’s Really Got the Problem?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved April 13, 2017.</ref><ref>Climer, Phillip (May 23, 2012). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/archaeology-and-the-bible/ Archaeology and the Bible]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved April 13, 2017.</ref>
# Over 270 cultures have flood legends that distinctly resemble the biblical flood account.<ref>[https://answersingenesis.org/the-flood/flood-legends/legends-of-the-flood/ Legends of the Flood]. ''Answers in Genesis''. January 30, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref><ref>White, Monty (March 29, 2007). [https://answersingenesis.org/the-flood/flood-legends/flood-legends/ Flood Legends]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref> While critics like to say the biblical flood account is descended from other stories, in reality, it is the other way around, as the biblical flood account is far superior to any flood legend in multiple ways.<ref>Lacey, Troy & Anderson jr, Lee (October 1, 2013). [https://answersingenesis.org/the-flood/flood-legends/the-genesis-flood-not-just-another-legend/ The Genesis Flood—Not Just Another Legend]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref> Creation legends also exist, but once again, the biblical account is superior.<ref name="AncientMyths">Ham, Steve (March 29, 2011). [https://answersingenesis.org/creationism/creation-myths/is-genesis-111-a-derivation-from-ancient-myths/ Is Genesis 1–11 a Derivation from Ancient Myths?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref>
# Noah, his sons, and his further descendants mentioned in the Bible are found and named in numerous cultures and there is much extra-biblical evidence for their existence, showing that they were real people who made a real impact.<ref name="Dispersion">Hodge, Bodie (August 19, 2010). [https://answersingenesis.org/tower-of-babel/was-the-dispersion-at-babel-a-real-event/ Chapter 28 - Was the Dispersion at Babel a Real Event?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref> There are royal genealogies in Europe that trace their family lines back to Noah.<ref name="Dispersion"/>
# Ancient cultures all over the world built [[ziggurat]]-like structures, such as the [[Egyptian]]s, [[Babylonia]]ns, and [[Mesoamerica]]ns. This is strong evidence that they originated from one area and that the [[Tower of Babel]] was a real, ziggurat-shaped tower.<ref name="Dispersion"/>
# In history, the closer one gets to Babel, geographically speaking, the earlier the civilizations in that area first developed, giving strong evidence that all civilizations were originally from Babel and were dispersed from that location all over the Earth.<ref name="Dispersion"/><ref name="SecretsLandis">Landis, Don (2015). [https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/secrets-ancient-man/?sku=10-2-463 ''Secrets of Ancient Man'']. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890518663.</ref> Even secular historians accept this<ref>http://www.ancient.eu/image/1068/</ref> and call Sumer the "cradle of civilization".<ref>Mark, Joshua J. (April 28, 2011). [http://www.ancient.eu/sumer/ Sumer]. ''Ancient History Encyclopedia''. Retrieved September 5, 2016.</ref><ref>Mark, Joshua J. (September 2, 2009). [http://www.ancient.eu/Mesopotamia/ Mesopotamia]. "'Ancient History Encyclopedia''. Retrieved September 5, 2016.</ref>
# The Sumerian King List is remarkably similar to the biblical genealogy in Genesis 5. There is a very close correlation between the two lists (if one excludes Adam and Noah in the Bible), the flood is mentioned, and the kings all have long life-spans, providing strong evidence that the Sumerians recognized the history recorded in the Bible as fact.<ref name="AncientMyths"/>
# While many evolutionists point to [[Egyptian chronology|Egyptian history]] (which, according to them, dates back long before the biblical creation and flood dates) as proof against a young Earth, a growing number of academics are recognizing that many of the traditional sources for Egyptian history are both inaccurate and misinterpreted, and [[New Chronology|revised dates for Egyptian history]] align remarkably well with biblical history.<ref>McClellan, Matt (August 24, 2011). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-egypt/ancient-egyptian-chronology-and-the-book-of-genesis/ Ancient Egyptian Chronology and the Book of Genesis]. ''Answers Research Journal''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref><ref>Mitchell, Elizabeth (July 22, 2010). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-egypt/doesnt-egyptian-chronology-prove-bible-unreliable/ Chapter 24 - Doesn’t Egyptian Chronology Prove That the Bible Is Unreliable?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref><ref>Mitchell, Elizabeth (April 1, 2008). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-egypt/dating-the-pyramids/ Dating the Pyramids]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref> Additionally, radiocarbon dating has given additional evidence that the Egyptian civilization began more recently than originally thought.<ref>Mitchell, Elizabeth (September 19, 2013). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-egypt/radiocarbon-dating-shortens-the-timeline-for-ancient-egypt/ Radiocarbon Dating Shortens the Timeline for Ancient Egypt]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref>
# Because of their worldview, evolutionists believe that ancient man was not as intelligent as today and did not possess superior technology. However, many archaeological findings in numerous ancient civilizations have proven otherwise—that ancient man was very intelligent, possibly even more so than modern day society, as well as more technologically advanced in some ways.<ref name="SecretsLandis"/><ref>Landis, Don (2012). [https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/genius-ancient-man/?sku=10-2-423& ''The Genius of Ancient Man'']. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890516775.</ref><ref>Ham, Ken (December 31, 2012). [https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-technology/geniuses-not-brutes/ Geniuses, Not Brutes!]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref>
# Many different cultures throughout history have legends and realistic accounts from historians of dragons. There is very strong evidence that [[dinosaur]]s were alive and a very real part of ancient cultures (and even some more recent ones), affirming a young Earth and the biblical account of origins.<ref>Hodge, Bodie (October 1, 2011). [https://answersingenesis.org/dinosaurs/dragon-legends/dragon-legends-truths-behind-the-tales/ Dragon Legends—Truths Behind the Tales]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref><ref>[https://answersingenesis.org/dinosaurs/dragon-legends/dragons-fact-or-fable/ Dragons: Fact or Fable?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref> In fact, there have been some reports of dinosaurs living in the remote jungles of [[Africa]] today.<ref>Ham, Ken (October 25, 2007). [https://answersingenesis.org/dinosaurs/when-did-dinosaurs-live/what-really-happened-to-the-dinosaurs/ Chapter 12 - What Really Happened to the Dinosaurs?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 18, 2016.</ref>
# There is a striking similarity in the way diverse, worldwide cultures see [[constellations]]. In very diverse cultures, the constellations that the people see are the same, and the meanings of many are the same, including the Big and Little Dippers, showing that people had to have developed them together, rather than on opposite directions of the globe.<ref name="Nelson">Nelson, Brooke C. (October 5, 2016). [https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/stars/do-big-and-little-dipper-support-bible-timeline/ Do the Big and Little Dipper Support the Bible’s Timeline?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved October 16, 2016.</ref><ref name="Henry">Henry, Jonathan F. (December 2008). [https://creation.com/constellations-a-legacy-of-babel Constellations: legacy of the dispersion from Babel]. ''Creation.com'' (taken from ''Journal of Creation 22(3):93–100''). Retrieved October 16, 2016.</ref> Academics (including secular ones) have been able to trace back, through the [[Precession of the equinoxes|precession]] of the Earth, when the constellations were developed by man, and the dates found have been, roughly speaking, between 2800 BC and 2100 BC, right in line with the date of the dispersion at Babel.<ref name="Nelson"/><ref name="Henry"/> Additionally, it has also been found that the latitude of where the developers of the constellations lived was, roughly speaking, between 30 and 42 degrees latitude, again in line with the locations of Ararat and Babel.<ref name="Nelson"/><ref name="Henry"/>
# It has been well-documented that people in the past vastly exceeded modern humans physically and mentally.<ref>Pierce, Larry (April 5, 2017). [https://answersingenesis.org/bible-history/what-were-early-post-flood-people-like/ What Were Early Post-Flood People Like?]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved April 5, 2017.</ref>

=== Astronomy ===
# The [[moon|Moon's]] orbit is a very strong counterexample: the moon is receding from the [[Earth]] at a rate<ref>"Measurements show that the Moon is receding from Earth at a rate of about 3.8 centimeters per year." [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/ApolloLaser.html Measuring the Moon's Distance] ''Apollo Laser Ranging Experiments Yield Results'' by Fred Espenak, GSFC Planetary Systems Laboratory (LPI Bulletin, No. 72, August, 1994).</ref> that means it cannot be more than 1.37 billion years old, much less than the often claimed 4.5 billion years.<ref>[https://creation.com/the-moon-the-light-that-rules-the-night Recession of the moon from the earth]</ref> In fact, this assumes the moon would start off touching the earth and so within the [[Roche limit]], which would not be possible without causing instability in its orbit, tidal catastrophes on Earth, and other problems that would have prevented the Earth and the Moon being as they are today. Additionally, the [[moon]]'s orbit is becoming increasingly and unexpectedly eccentric, suggesting a lack of long-term stability,<ref>https://arxiv.org/abs/1102.0212</ref> which further disproves the theory of an [[Old Earth]].
# [[Spiral galaxies]] appear to be young, and only implausible proposals of the existence of [[dark matter]] can reconcile the spirals with a belief in an old universe.
# The expansion of the universe is accelerating, something that would not occur if the [[Big Bang]] had happened billions of years ago; the acceleration suggests that the Big Bang (or creation) was recent.<ref>Some insist there is hokey, unseen "[[dark energy]]" and "[[dark matter]]" to try to explain the acceleration.</ref>
# The planetary orbits in the Solar System - including Earth's - are unstable and unsustainable over the long periods claimed by Old Earth believers.<ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/id/201582 Newsweek: "An embarrassing little secret of astronomy ...."]. (Newsweek has inexplicably taken down its article, but it is quoted by Google and other links)</ref><ref>[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v459/n7248/full/nature08096.html Existence of collisional trajectories of Mercury, Mars, and Venus with the Earth] by J. Laskar & M. Gastineau, ''Nature'' 459, 817-819 (11 June 2009). Believers in an Old Earth speculate that the instability would not result in problems in a billion years, but other computer simulations could be developed to demonstrate multi-body instability for the solar system far more recent than that.</ref>
# At least one [[spiral galaxy]] spins in the direction opposite to the spin of its tail, suggesting an age that is too young to have generated the tail, and contradicting the theory that the tails of spiral galaxies were formed over a long period of time.<ref>[http://www.unisci.com/stories/20021/0207023.htm "Hubble Shows Galaxy Rotating In The Wrong Direction"]</ref>
# The oldest star in the universe is only 6000 light years away from Earth, precisely as predicted by the [[Bible]] and a Young Earth model.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20210514201334/http://astrobio.net/also-in-news/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe/</ref>
# The surface of [[Pluto]] was found during the [[New Horizons mission]] to have far fewer craters than expected, and it was found to have a nitrogen atmosphere that is leaking away at too fast a rate for it to be millions or billions of years old.<ref>[https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/solar-system/plutos-young-surface/ Pluto’s Young Surface]. ''Answers in Genesis'' (from ''Answers Magazine''). October 1, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2016.</ref> Both of these evidences provide strong evidence for a young universe.
# The planet Venus has a young surface.<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/Venus#Young_Surface</ref>

=== Biology and genetics ===

# Blue-eyed people are known to be only 6,000 to 10,000 years old. Moreover, the number of blue-eyed people is steadily diminishing, further suggesting that humans have not been in existence long.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/18/world/americas/18iht-web.1018eyes.3199975.html</ref>
# "[https://creation.com/bugs-in-brine DNA in “ancient” fossils]. DNA extracted from bacteria that are supposed to be 425 million years old calls into question the age calculation, because DNA could not last more than thousands of years."<ref name="Age of the earth"/>
# The intelligence of humans is rapidly declining, whether measured by SAT scores,<ref>''See, e.g.'', David G. Savage, "The Long Decline in SAT Scores," Educational Leadership 290 (Jan. 1978). [http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_197801_savage.pdf]</ref> music, personal letters,<ref>E.g., Civil War letters.</ref> quality of political debates,<ref>E.g., contrast the Lincoln-Douglas debates with debates today.</ref> the quality of news articles,<ref>''The Federalist'' was written for the newspaper audience in the late 1780s, but is far too intellectual for newspapers today.</ref> and many other measures. This means that if one goes back far enough, intelligence would measure at ridiculous heights, if humans were even tens of thousands of years old.
# The age of onset of [[puberty|sexual maturity]] is rapidly changing, suggesting that life is in a short-term rather than long-term equilibrium.<ref>https://www.mpg.de/4397713/sexual_maturity_in_boys</ref><ref>For evidence of a rapidly-changing age for sexual maturity in fish, see http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/46/3/235</ref>[[Image:Jellyfish.jpg|right|thumb|"[https://creation.com/fossils-questions-and-answers Living fossils] — [[jellyfish]], graptolites, coelacanth, stromatolites, Wollemi pine, and hundreds more. That many hundreds of species could remain so unchanged, for even up to billions of years in the case of stromatolites, speaks against the possibility that these species are millions and billions of years old."<ref name="Age of the earth"/>]]
# The high observed rate of [[extinctions of species]]<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-26/animals-face-extinction-threat-as-conservation-efforts-slow-report-says.html One in five species are at risk of extinction]</ref> and harmful [[genetic mutation]]s suggest a relatively short period for the existence of life rather than a long one.
# "[https://creation.com/fossils-questions-and-answers Living fossils] — [[jellyfish]], graptolites, coelacanth, stromatolites, Wollemi pine and hundreds more. That many hundreds of species could remain so unchanged, for even up to billions of years in the case of stromatolites, speaks against the millions and billions of years being real."<ref name="Age of the earth"/>
# The age of onset balding or of graying of hair is rapidly decreasing, with many teenagers now experiencing baldness or premature graying ([[CNN]]'s [[Anderson Cooper]] began graying as a teenager and was fully gray long before age 40);<ref name="Graying">http://articles.sfgate.com/2006-06-18/living/17299704_1_hair-taylor-hicks-american-idol</ref> many celebrities (such as [[American Idol]] winner Taylor Hicks graying in his 20s)<ref name="Graying"/> and athletes (such as Cal Ripken, Jr. graying and balding in his mid-30s)<ref>"There's a man, close-cropped gray hair, looks older than 35": Sports Illustrated's description of Cal Ripken at 35. [http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1163438/index.htm#ixzz12ONbgydd] By age 50 he was bald too.</ref> increasingly experience premature graying or balding. "Popular" leftist YouTuber Ethan Klein of h3h3 Productions has had graying hair since his late 20s.
# The age of onset of [[cancer]] is markedly decreasing,<ref>http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/109865519/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0</ref> suggesting rapid changes inconsistent with an alleged long existence to life. "Someone born in 1990 would have twice the risk of colon cancer and four times the risk of rectal cancer than at the same age had they been born in 1950, according to researchers at the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute."<ref>http://www.click2houston.com/health/born-in-the-90s-your-colon-cancer-risk-could-be-rising_</ref>
# The number of natural, pure-bred bred dogs declines over time as dogs naturally crossbreed; a short period of time is suggested by the fact that there are over 100 different natural, pure breeds of dog thriving today.
# Lack of genetic diversity among the ''Homo sapiens'' species. Were evolution and the old earth theory true, the human population would show much larger genetic variance.<ref>http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/descent.html#rpafAHIwKHS7</ref> Some scientists have calculated that a troop of 55 chimpanzees contains more genetic diversity than the entire human race;<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Counterexamples_to_an_Old_Earth&curid=100935&diff=1874144&oldid=1874143#:~:text=%2B-,https%3A//www.ox.ac.uk/news/2012%2D03%2D02%2Dchimps%2Dshow%2Dmuch%2Dgreater%2Dgenetic%2Ddiversity%2Dhumans,-%2B</ref> this demonstrates that chimpanzees descended from a large initial population while humans have descended from a much smaller one, which indeed we know to have been two people.
# [[Neanderthals]] were once exclusively classified as a completely separate species from [[Homo sapiens]], but as more fossil evidence is found, scientists have since reclassified Homo neanderthalensis as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, a subspecies of modern humans, due to an ever shrinking span in the evolutionary belief of species' divergence.<ref>{{cite book |title=Neanderthal man: in search of lost genomes |author-last=Pääbo |author-first=S. |publisher=Basic Books |year=2014 |location=New York |page=237 |author-link=Svante Pääbo |title-link=Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes}}</ref>
# Frequent occurrences of numerous deaths of birds and fish, which if extrapolated over millions of years would result in little or no such life today.<ref>http://abclocal.go.com/wabc/story?section=news/technology&id=7884786</ref>
# The separation between salt and freshwater fish, coupled with their inability to survive in the opposing environment, shows a lack of millions of years of evolution to enable them to spread to the opposing environment.
# Furthermore, the separation of land and aquatic life and a similar inability for the organisms to survive in the other environment shows a lack of millions of years of evolution to enable them to spread to the opposing environment.
# Biodiversity on Earth is declining too rapidly to be consistent with a long-term (Old Earth) equilibrium, with the Living Planet Index (LPI) showing "a global decline of 27% between 1970 and 2005. The terrestrial index declined by 25%, freshwater by 29% (this index is calculated to 2003 due to the lack of data available for latter years), and marine by 28%."<ref>http://www.zsl.org/science/research-projects/lpi,1162,AR.html</ref>
# The [[Bible]] makes references to the [[dinosaurs]]. There is no explanation for this if dinosaurs supposedly lived hundreds of millions of years ago.<ref>http://www.christiancourier.com/articles/93-dinosaurs-and-the-bible</ref>
# Even evolutionist studies have shown (despite the dating errors) that the vast majority of species on Earth arose around the same time and that genetic boundaries exist between the various animal kinds.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hood, Marlowe (May 28, 2018). [https://phys.org/news/2018-05-gene-survey-reveals-facets-evolution.html Sweeping gene survey reveals new facets of evolution]. ''Phys.org''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Ham, Ken (June 7, 2018). [https://answersingenesis.org/natural-selection/speciation/study-90-percent-of-species-have-recent-origin/ Study: 90% of Species Have a Recent Origin]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
*Davis, Billy; Jordahl, Steve (May 31, 2018). [https://www.onenewsnow.com/science-tech/2018/05/31/when-your-dna-research-pokes-holes-in-darwin When your DNA research pokes holes in Darwin]. ''OneNewsNow''. Retrieved June 7, 2018.</ref>
# Evolutionist studies have found that all male humans have the same Y-[[chromosome]] while females have greater chromosomal diversity.<ref>Stanford University. "Wars and clan structure may explain a strange biological event 7,000 years ago." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 29 May 2018. < https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180529185356.htm >.</ref> This is in line with the Genesis account, which shows that only Noah's Y-chromosome lineage survived the flood, being passed along to his sons and beyond, while seven or eight x-chromosome lineages survived.<ref>Cater, Robert W. (May 11, 2010). [https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics Adam, Eve and Noah vs Modern Genetics]. ''Creation Ministries International'. Retrieved June 16, 2018.</ref>
# The sulfurization of organic matter, once thought to take tens of thousands of years, has been found to only take hours to complete.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/180830180058.htm Faster than we thought: Sulfurization of organic material: New research is changing our understanding of the carbon cycle]. ''ScienceDaily'' (from ''Washington University in St. Louis''). August 30, 2018. Retrieved September 16, 2018.</ref>
# An analysis of mitochondrial DNA shows that humans and most animal kinds came from common ancestors that lived later than 4000 BC, indicating a recent creation and the existence of a genetic "bottleneck" resulting from the [[Great Flood]].<ref>Jeanson, Nathaniel T. (July 27, 2018). [https://answersingenesis.org/genetics/animal-genetics/hundreds-thousands-species-few-thousand-years/ Hundreds of Thousands of Species in a Few Thousand Years?] ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved December 28, 2018. From a non-creationist perspective that still indicates a surprisingly young earth:
*Guillen, Michael (November 24, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/did-a-mysterious-extinction-event-precede-adam-and-eve Did a mysterious extinction event precede Adam and Eve?] ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 28, 2018.</ref>

=== Geology ===

Geological counterexamples to an Old Earth include:
[[Image:Roth-01.gif|right|thumb|250px|"[[Paraconformity|Paraconformities]] — where one rock stratum sits on top of another rock stratum but with supposedly millions of years of geological time missing, yet the contact plane lacks any significant erosion; that is, it is a “flat gap”. E.g. Coconino sandstone / Hermit shale in the [[Grand Canyon]] (supposedly a 10 million year gap in time).".<ref name="Age of the earth"/> See: [https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth Age of the earth] ]]
# Based on erosion rates, [[Niagara Falls]] is known to be less than 15,000 years old, even as admitted by [[atheist]]ic scientists who believe in an [[Old Earth]].<ref>The theory of an [[Ice Age]] to carve Niagara Falls less than 15,000 years ago is inconsistent with its shape and with much other geological evidence.</ref>
# Sedimentary rock strata covering large areas seldom contain more than one major sediment type, i.e. sandstone, claystone, or limestone. How would it have been possible for just one type of sediment to be deposited over large areas for thousands of years, followed by thousands of years of another type and so on? Obviously, the sediments were not deposited over thousands of years each, but were contained in moving waters and sorted out during major flooding. This kind of sorting has been proved by Guy Berthault's experiments and by observation of flood deposits in Colorado in 1965, flood deposits at Mount St. Helens in the 1980s and others. John Baumgardner et al showed that megatsunamis over 2 km high would have been capable of rapidly eroding undersea continental slopes and depositing it over large continental areas in weeks to months. An asteroid swarm would have been capable of causing such tsunamis by tidal action. See Genesis and Historical Geology: A Personal Perspective GUY BERTHAULT <ref>https://creation.com/images/pdfs/tj/j12_2/j12_2_213-217.pdf</ref> Also <ref>http://sedimentology.fr</ref> and Noah’s Flood: The Key to Correct Interpretation of Earth History <ref>https://www.socalsem.edu/noahs-flood-the-key-to-correct-interpretation-of-earth-history</ref>
# The interior of the earth is as hot as the sun—far hotter than atheists thought—and such heat would have dissipated and the radioactivity decayed if the earth were old.<ref>https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22297915</ref>
# The magnetism of the Earth is vanishing so quickly that it will disappear in 1,500 to 2,000 years;<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3693932/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/earths-magnetic-field-weakening/</ref> extrapolating backwards does not permit an Old Earth.
# [[Paraconformity|Paraconformities]] — where one rock stratum sits on top of another rock stratum but with supposedly millions of years of geological time missing, yet the contact plane lacks any significant erosion; that is, it is a “flat gap.” E.g. Coconino sandstone / Hermit shale in the [[Grand Canyon]] (supposedly a 10 million year gap in time).<ref name="Age of the earth"/> See: [https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth Age of the earth].
# The frequency of large [[earthquakes]] (more than 6.99 on the Richter scale) doubles roughly every 40 years,<ref>http://www.earth.webecs.co.uk/</ref> rendering long-term stability impossible. Large earthquakes have increased by more than 20% in only the last decade.<ref>http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/year/eqstats.php Meanwhile, there is a claim that the global risk of big earthquakes has not increased over the last hundred years [http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/12/12/1118525109.abstract Peter M. Shearer, Philip B. Stark: ''Global risk of big earthquakes has not recently increased''] [http://www.pnas.org PNAS], Dec 19, 2011, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1118525109</ref> "Researchers are left scratching their heads, trying to understand possible reasons for the uptick in seismic activity in Oklahoma."<ref>http://journalrecord.com/2014/06/16/stc-mining-in-ok-eqs-energy/#ixzz3BKBRvmOW</ref>
# The continued existence of fragile natural arches without having collapsed despite a short time period for erosion and stresses on them.<ref>http://www.naturalarches.org/big9.htm</ref>
# An extrapolation of time between the collapse of weaker arches<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/11/AR2008081102290.html</ref> with still-standing stronger arches supports a young earth age.
# The massive [[Great Lakes]] and freshwater lakes near the equator could not have existed for millions of years, and several of these lakes are rapidly receding in volume; the third largest saltwater lake, Oroumieh Lake, could completely evaporate within the next five years.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110525/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_iran_environmental_disaster</ref>
# The existence of inland saltwater lakes at high altitudes, such as Mono Lake and the [[Great Salt Lake]], suggest a recent global [[flood]].
# The relative purity of underground well water, which would be a muddy slurry had millions of years of erosion taken place.
# The plentiful supply of high concentrations of underground well water, which would be expected based on familiar principles of [[entropy]] to dissipate over a long period of time.
# Earthquakes alter the Earth's rotation several times each century;<ref>http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/2010872/japan_quake_changed_earths_rotation/</ref> extrapolating by orders of magnitude in time would have resulted in the occurrence of much larger earthquakes that would have destabilized the rotation<ref>A similar analysis may be performed for the likelihood of devastating collisions with meteors as time is extrapolated by orders of magnitude.</ref>
# The lack of erosion between rock layers.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/review/R1WTZL8GG4H9K0</ref><ref>http://www.knowthebible.net/id115.html</ref>
# Levels of contamination in water are rising, as water proceeds through the [[water cycle]] it becomes progressively more contaminated. If earth (and life) had existed for billions of years, a limit would have been reached long ago where water (essential to life) became too contaminated for life to continue.
# All [[carbon dating]] of water supplies, even the most ancient and the deepest underground reservoirs, result in relatively young ages,<ref>http://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Geyh.pdf</ref> and no water has been found suggesting an Old Earth.
# The ratio of strontium isotopes in seawater, which should change due to long-term erosion, has varied by only 0.35% throughout history. In fact, its value today is exactly the same as in the oldest samples, which are claimed to be from 500 million years ago.
# The relatively recent separation of the still-moving continents from one land mass—denied for 100 years by [[atheist]]s before they accepted it—suggest a young earth or at least a relatively recent cataclysmic event.
# Fresh tracks of motion by stationary rocks are still visible in some areas, baffling Old Earth scientists for more than 60 years; Old Earth magazines refer to them as "self-moving rocks."<ref>https://www.usnews.com/science/articles/2011/02/18/rafting-for-rocks?s_cid=rss:rafting-for-rocks</ref>
# Beaches have long been eroding far too quickly for the Old Earth theory; "between 80 and 90 percent of the sandy beaches along America’s coastlines have been eroding for decades," sometimes by as much as 50 feet per year.<ref>http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-causes-beach-erosion</ref>
# Land is sinking into the oceans at a rate of at least 7 inches per century,<ref>http://www.app.com/article/20110319/NJNEWS/103190327/Global-warming-rising-seas-threaten-New-Jersey-expert-says</ref> which would have rendered most of the United States under water if the Earth were not young.
# The flow of water in the [[Colorado River]] has been declining since the early 20th century, even after usage is considered, and the man-made Lake Mead is at risk of drying up in the next decade.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/13/us/13mead.html</ref>
# Erosion of rock is far faster than atheist geology previously thought [http://news.sciencemag.org/climate/2014/01/scienceshot-fastest-mountain-erosion-record]. Secular science now admits that mountains don't last long, but remain strangely silent on the obvious implication. Also in the same article: extra soil created by erosion scrubs greenhouse gas CO2 from atmosphere.
# Contrary to evolutionary assumptions that diamonds formed in conditions where there was no water, researchers collected diamond samples from deep within the Earth's crust and found in 2018 ice embedded in the diamonds.<ref>Gramling, Carolyn (March 8, 2018). [https://www.sciencenews.org/article/diamonds-reveal-sign-deepest-water-known-inside-earth Diamonds reveal sign of the deepest water known inside Earth]. ''ScienceNews''. Retrieved March 19, 2018.</ref> This is consistent with the biblical accounts of the creation and the global flood, including 2 Peter 3:5–6.
# The world's largest aquifer is the [[Ogallala Aquifer]], which extends throughout the [[Great Plains|Great]] and High Plains from [[South Dakota]] into [[Texas]], supplying massive amounts of water annually to agriculture and other needs in that immense region. This underwater source was filled by rainfall over only 6,000 years, rather than a much longer time period if the Earth were older than that.

[[Image:516XZRGNCKL AA240 .jpg|right|300px]]
[[William R. Corliss]] also provides scores of anomalies, which challenge the [[Old Earth]] [[paradigm]].<ref>[http://www.science-frontiers.com/sourcebk.htm#Geology Geological Catalogs] (Science Frontiers)</ref> An accomplished author,<ref name="sf">[http://www.science-frontiers.com/ Science Frontiers] (Corliss' web-site)</ref>
Corliss has written 13 books for the [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA), a dozen educational booklets for the [[Atomic Energy Commission]] (AEC), and a dozen articles for the [[National Science Foundation]] (NSF).<ref>Corliss, 2002</ref> The science magazine ''[[New Scientist]]'' had an article which focused on the career of William Corliss.<ref>Adrian Hope, ''Finding a Home for Stray Fact'', New Scientist, July 14, 1977, p. 83</ref> ''New Scientist'' wrote regarding Corliss's work: "All I can say to Corliss is carry on cataloging."<ref>Quoted on the [http://www.science-frontiers.com/sourcebk.htm Science Frontiers web-site]</ref> [[Arthur C. Clarke]] described Corliss as "[[Charles Fort|Fort]]'s latter-day - and much more scientific - successor."<ref>Clarke, Arthur C. (1990) ''Astounding Days: A Science Fictional Autobiography''. Gollancz. Page 110</ref>

=== Paleontology ===
#Recent discoveries of surviving soft dinosaur tissue upset the Darwinist claim that they became extinct 65 million years ago.<ref>Armitage, M.H. and K.L. Anderson. 2013. Soft sheets of fibrillar bone from a fossil of the supraobital horn of the dinosaur Triceratops horridus. Acta Histochemica 115:603-608.</ref><ref>Armitage, M.H. and K.L. Anderson. 2014. Light and electron microscope study of soft bone osteocytes from a Triceratops horridus supraorbitalhorn. Microscopy & Microanalysis (Hartford, CT).</ref> View Armitage's presentation of his results at the Southern California Academy of Sciences meetings in 2013 and 2014.<ref>Mark H Armitage - Report Of Soft Tissues In A Triceratops Horn (conglomeration of talks presented at the Southern California Academy of Sciences meetings in 2013 and 2014).[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqDV_MTQSxg]</ref> A number of other peer-reviewed papers found similar results.<ref>[http://kgov.com/dinosaur-soft-tissue-original-biological-material Documented by Bob Enyart of Real Science Radio]</ref> David Coppedge provided additional recent information on this unanswered challenge to Darwinism. <ref>David Coppedge - Incontrovertible Dinosaur DNA Reported, September 28, 2021, Creation Evolution Headlines [https://crev.info/2021/09/dinosaur-dna/]</ref>
#Fossils have been found, such as footprints, showing that dinosaurs and mammals lived together at the same time.<ref>Borg, Julie (February 9, 2018). [http://www.bpnews.net/50342/dinosaur-party-or-evidence-of-the-flood Dinosaur party or evidence of the flood?] ''Baptist Press''. Retrieved February 22, 2018.</ref>
#Watch Kevin Anderson's presentation on dinosaur soft tissue.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pM_xHEIjW8 Dr. Kevin Anderson: Echos of the Jurassic]</ref>

=== Science & Discovery ===
# A stalemate of significant and valid discoveries in the last several decades.<ref>Though there has been some progress in this timeframe, many of the "discoveries" are liberal propaganda, or are scientifically weak.</ref>

=== Biblical testimony ===

The Bible contains multiples pieces of evidence showing its authenticity including [[Bible history]], [[Biblical archaeology|Bible archaeology]] and [[Bible prophecy]]. Competent and honest [[Bible exegesis]] indicates the earth is approximately 6,000 years old.<ref>[https://creation.com/should-genesis-be-taken-literally Should Genesis be taken literally?]</ref>

''See also:'' [https://creation.com/history-questions-and-answers How reliable is biblical chronology?]

== Highly recommended resources for more in-depth information and evidence ==

=== Websites ===

*[https://answersingenesis.org/ Answers in Genesis] official website
*[https://www.icr.org/ Institute for Creation Research] official website
*[https://creation.com/ Creation Ministries International] official website

=== Books ===

*Virtually any book concerning creation and [[Christian apologetics]] published by [http://www.masterbooks.com/ MasterBooks]
*Ham, Ken; Hodge, Bodie (2019). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/glass-house/ Glass House: Shattering the Myth of Evolution]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9781683441564.
*Jeanson, Nathaniel T. (2017). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/replacing-darwin/ Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9781683440758.
*Mortenson, Terry, ed. (2016). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/searching-adam/ Searching for Adam: Genesis & the Truth About Man's Origin]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890519752.
*Landis, Don (2015). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/secrets-ancient-man/ Secrets of Ancient Man]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890518663.
*Boyd, Steven W.; Snelling, Andrew A. ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/grappling-chronology-genesis-flood/?sku=10-3-129 Grappling with the Chronology of the Genesis Flood: Navigating the Flow of Time in Biblical Narrative]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890517093.
*Hodge, Bodie (2013). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/tower-babel-book/ Tower of Babel: The Cultural History of Our Ancestors]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890517154.
*Landis, Don (2012). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/genius-ancient-man/ The Genius of Ancient Man]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890516775.
*Snelling, Andrew A. (2010). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/earths-catastrophic-past/?sku=10-3-124& Earth’s Catastrophic Past: Geology, Creation & the Flood]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890518748.
*[[Walt Brown|Brown, Walt]] (2008). ''[[In the Beginning|In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood]] (8th Edition)''. Center for Scientific Creation; 8th edition (December 1, 2008). ISBN: 978-1878026095.
*[[William R. Corliss]], Anomalies in Geology: Physical, Chemical, Biological (A Catalog of Geological Anomalies), 1989. ISBN 915554-23-2
*William R. Corliss Neglected Geological Anomalies, 1990. ISBN 915554-24-0
*William R. CorlissInner Earth: A Search for Anomalies (A Catalog of Geological Anomalies), 1991. ISBN 915554-25-9
*William R. Corliss, Carolina Bays, Mima Mounds, Submarine Canyons (A Catalog of Geological Anomalies), 1988. ISBN 915554-22-4

===Films===
*''[[Is Genesis History?]]'' (2017; [https://isgenesishistory.com/ website])
*''Genesis: Paradise Lost'' (2017; [https://genesismovie.com/ website])

=== Other recommended links ===
*[https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth Age of the earth -101 evidences for a young earth and universe] by [[Creation Ministries International]]
*[https://creation.com/refuting-evolution-chapter-8-how-old-is-the-earth How old is the earth?] - ''Refuting evolution'' - Chapter 8 by Dr. [[Jonathan Sarfati]] at [[Creation Ministries International]]
*[http://www.preteristcentral.com/Debunking%20Old%20Earth%20Creationism%20&%20a%20Regional%20Flood.html Debunking the Old Earth Theory]
*[https://answersingenesis.org/creationism/young-earth/most-compelling-scientific-evidence-of-young-earth/ What Is the Most Compelling Scientific Evidence of a Young Earth?], by Dr. Terry Mortenson at [[Answers in Genesis]]. Originally published on February 27, 2006.
*[https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/millions-of-years/seven-reasons-why-we-should-not-accept-millions-of-years/ Seven Reasons Why We Should Not Accept Millions of Years] by Dr. Terry Mortenson at [[Answers in Genesis]]. Originally published on July 17, 2006.
*[https://answersingenesis.org/evidence-for-creation/the-10-best-evidences-from-science-that-confirm-a-young-earth/ The 10 Best Evidences from Science that Confirm a Young Earth], Answers in Genesis, October 1, 2012.
*[https://answersingenesis.org/evidence-for-creation/six-evidences-of-young-earth/ Six Evidences of a Young Earth], Answers in Genesis.
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Young_earth_evidence Young earth evidence] on [[CreationWiki]]

== See also ==
*[[Literalist Bible chronology]]
*[[Radiometric dating]]
*[[Arguments for a recent creation]]
*[[Earth age opinions of prominent Christians - pre-1800]]

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Counterexamples}}

[[Category:Counterexamples]]
[[Category:Geology]]

Y Chromosomal Adam and Mitochondrial Eve

2023-08-21T13:02:57Z

Ethan Parmet: the m in the mtDNA abbreviation is usually lowercased

'''Y Chromosomal Adam and Mitochondrial Eve''' are a stunning confirmation of the Biblical Account of the Special Creation of Adam and Eve by Almighty God which Evolutionists have either lied about or misrepresented. Creation Scientist Dr. [[Walt Brown]] explains: "Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) comes only from the mother. Where did she get hers? From her mother—and so on. Unless there is a rare mutation, mtDNA does not change from generation to generation.

DNA is written with an alphabet of four letters: A, G, T, and C. One copy of a person’s mtDNA is 16,559 letters long. Sometimes a mutation changes one of the mtDNA letters that a mother passes on to her child. These rare and somewhat random changes allow geneticists to identify families. For example, if your grandmother experienced an early mutation in her mtDNA, her children and any daughters’ children would carry the same changed mtDNA. It would differ, in general, from that in the rest of the world’s population.2"<ref>https://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/FAQ319.html#wp7074454</ref>

Mt-DNA thus allows us to trace the ancestors of every living woman alive today in the matrilineal line. It culminates in Eve, whose name means, "the Mother of the Living". " 20 And Adam called the name of his wife Eve: because she was the Mother of all the living." (Gen 3:20, DRB).<ref>https://www.drbo.org/chapter/01003.htm</ref> Today, like never before in human history, we have a Scientific Proof of a Common Maternal Ancestor Eve. Evolutionists of course make various erroneous claims about this Mitochondrial Eve and we will examine those in the remainder of this article.

__TOC__

== Mitochondrial Eve ==

"In 1987, a team at the University of California at Berkeley published a ground-breaking study comparing the mtDNA of 147 people from five of the world’s geographic locations.3 The study concluded that all 147 had the same female ancestor. She is now called “Mitochondrial Eve.” <ref>https://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/FAQ319.html#wp7074454</ref>

== When Mitochondrial Eve lived ==

"When did Mitochondrial Eve live? To answer this, one must know how frequently mutations occur in mtDNA. Initial estimates were based on the following faulty reasoning: “Humans diverged from chimpanzees about 6-million years ago. Because the mtDNA in humans and chimpanzees differ in 1,000 places, one mutation occurs about every 12,000 years.” Another incorrect approach began by assuming Australia was first populated 40,000 years ago. The average number of mitochondrial mutations among Australian aborigines divided by 40,000 years gave another extremely slow mutation rate for mtDNA. These estimated rates, based on evolution, led to the mistaken belief that Mitochondrial Eve lived 100,000 – 200,000 years ago.10 This surprised evolutionists who believe that the first human female lived 6-million years ago.

A greater surprise, even disbelief, occurred in 1997, when it was announced that mutations in mtDNA occur 20 times faster than had been estimated. Without assuming humans and chimpanzees had a common ancestor 6-million years ago or that Australia was populated 40,000 years ago, mutation rates can now be determined directly by comparing the mtDNA of many mother-child pairs. Using the new, more accurate rate, Mitochondrial Eve lived only about 6,500 years ago.11"<ref>https://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/FAQ319.html#wp7074454</ref>

== Y Chromosomal Adam ==

"Is there a “genetic Adam”? At conception, each man received from his father a segment of DNA which lies on the Y chromosome; this makes him a male. Where did your father receive his segment? From his father. If we all descended from one man, all males should have the same Y chromosome segment—except for rare mutations.

A 1995 study of a worldwide sample of 38 men showed no changes in this segment of the Y chromosome that is always inherited from fathers. Had humans evolved and all men descended from one male who lived 500,000 years ago, each should carry about 19 mutations. Had he lived 150,000 years ago, 5.5 mutations would be expected.12 Because no changes were found, our common father probably lived only thousands of years ago. While Adam was father of all, our most recent common male ancestor was Noah."

In 2010, a comprehensive comparison was made between the DNA on the male Y chromosome of humans and chimpanzees. The differences were more than 30 percent! 13"<ref>https://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/FAQ319.html#wp7074454</ref>

In sum, the evidence is simply overwhelming that Humanity did not descend from Apes but originated by Special Creation from Almighty God less than 10,000 years ago.

== The kicker: the idea that there were other men than Adam and other women than Eve and all their descendants supposedly died out is fantastically improbable! ==

Mathematically, this fact is most certain. Consider, as Evolutionists claim, that there was even just one other couple, say Betty and Charles(B&C), in addition to Adam and Eve (A&E). Now, of the 8 Billion people on Earth, why are around 4 Billion people, 2 Billion men and 2 Billion women, not descended from B&C as we would expect? In fact, we find not even one, but only descendants of Adam and of Eve.

Dr. Brown comments: "For completeness, we must consider another possibility. Even if we all descended from the same female, other women may have been living at the same time. Their chains of continuous female descendants may have ended; their mtDNA died out. This happens with family names. If Mary and John XYZ have no sons, their unusual last name dies out. Also, many other men may have lived at the same time as our “genetic Adam,” but had no continuous chain of male descendants down to today. How likely is it that other men lived a few thousand years ago but left no continuous male descendants, and other women lived 6,000 years ago but left no continuous female descendants, and we end up today with a world population of 7 billion people? Extremely remote!14

Yes, new discoveries show that we carry traces of Adam and Eve in our cells. Furthermore, our common “parents” are probably removed from us by only 200 – 300 generations. All humans have a common and recent bond—a family bond. We are all cousins."

== Why mtDNA disproves Apes-Human Evolution, contrary to Evolutionist Propaganda to the contrary ==

Dr. Brown concludes: "Furthermore, the mitochondrial DNA in all life (animals and plants), carries a unique signature, called the DNA barcode, that uniquely identifies 5.5 million species, including humans. Each species only produces others of the same species, and the gaps between species are huge. [See “Distinct Types” on page 9.] Members of each species, including humans, can all trace their ancestry back to a common male and female of the same species, all of whom began giving birth at about the same time.15"<ref>https://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/FAQ319.html#wp7074454</ref>

== References ==

Biblical scientific foreknowledge

2023-07-14T19:18:43Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Earliest Hebrew writings */ mount ebal curse tablet

[[File:Newton.png|thumb|200px|alt=Isaac Newton, cornerstone of the scientific revolution, based his research on the scientific authority of the [[Bible]].|thumb|[[Portrait]] of [[Isaac Newton]], cornerstone of the [[scientific revolution]], based his research on the scientific authority of the Bible.]]

'''Biblical scientific foreknowledge''' consists of the [[Bible]]'s many correct predictions of [[science|scientific]] breakthroughs. The Bible is a superb roadmap to future scientific discoveries. Unfortunately [[Bible denier]]s, including many [[Atheism|atheist]]s and [[evolution]]ists, refuse to read the Bible, and '''''their irrational [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|closed-mindedness]] against the Bible obstructs the advancement of science'''''.

The [[Book of Genesis]] gives [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge#Anesthesia|an example of anesthesia]] long before man discovered it in 1846. And the underlying chaos and [[uncertainty]] in the physical world was explained in the Bible long before [[quantum mechanics]] confirmed it in the 1900s.

Biblical scientific foreknowledge also guides a more precise translation of verses that describe scientific-related events, such as the reference to the wearing out of the universe in [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]], and the [[Essay:Water into Wine|changing of water into wine]] at the wedding feast.<ref>See {{bibleref|John|2|1-9}}.</ref>

Modern thinkers who read the [[Bible]] frequently include [[John von Neumann]], considered the most brilliant of the 20th century, along with the influential mathematician [[Kurt Gödel]].

==Geology==

===Massive flooding===
Atheist scientists long opposed a [[young earth]] [[creation|created]] by [[God]] where cataclysmic flooding, such as the [[Great Flood]] described in the Bible, shaped the landscape. However, ample [[counterexamples to an old earth]] exist and the discovery in the Northwest of "giant ripple marks, 50 feet high and 200-500 feet apart" proved that a cataclysmic flood in the region had indeed occurred thousands of years ago. As a result, "[a]mong geologists, the concept of a catastrophic flood came to be universally accepted by the late 1950s."<ref>[http://www.iafi.org/floods.html The Ice Age Flood Institute reports on the massive floods in the Northwest.]</ref>

===Continental drift===
[[Continental drift]] was proposed by [[creationist]] Antonio Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 based on [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis 1:9-10]],<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c001.html Christian Answers explains Antonio Snider's divine inspiration</ref> which states, {{cquote|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.}} Because land is no longer all in [[Pangaea|one place]], this implies that the continents have shifted over the six millennia to their current positions. [[Atheists]] and [[scientist]]s who hadn't seen the light of [[creationism]] were in [[liberal denial]] about this concept for a century, until finally accepting its truth. This is just more data that the Bible knew millennia before [[secular]] [[science]] caught up.

The most likely reason for the current position and shape of the land mass is the [[Great Flood]]. Pangea does not work without flipping, shrinking, and sometimes removing countries entirely. Any Biblical statements of continents is in {{bibleref|Genesis|10|25}} when Peleg is mentioned "for in his days was the earth divided" this in particular refers to the separation of what today is [[Russia]], [[Japan]], and [[Alaska]], when the oceans arose, and also to the division of the peoples by languages, who migrated together according to their language after the confusing of tongues at the [[Tower of Babel]], obviously the migration took place before the oceanic divide which led to the natives of the Far West. Everyone laughed at [[Christopher Columbus]], not because they thought earth was flat, but because they had forgotten the Far West (America) was there, and they thought he didn't have nearly enough supplies or a big enough ship to go to Asia the long way around, and they would have been right if he didn't hit the [[Caribbean]] first by complete accident. Recent findings of biblical stone tablets, in Byzantine script prove that trade between Europe and the Far West was common prior to the Dark Age which began in 400 or 500 AD.

===Underwater springs===
Only in modern times have scientists become aware of the enormous underwater springs feeding into the oceans, and the very deep valleys at the bottom of the oceans. However, the Bible repeatedly described this thousands of years earlier in [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 7|Genesis 7:11]], which states, {{cquote|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.}} Again, in 2 Samuel 22:16, the Bible states that, {{cquote|And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.}}
And Job 38:16 “Hast thou entered into the springs of the sea? Or hast thou walked in the search of the depths?"

This is ''obvious'' proof to all but [[liberals]] that the Bible had foreknowledge of subcrustal oceans, something the ancient Jews could not have possibly known, and thus proof of the Bible's God-given accuracy and divine nature.

==Agriculture==

===Malthusianism===
Since Thomas [[Robert Malthus|Malthus's]] 1798 work, ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', [[liberal]] intellectuals insisted that the world's population would grow faster than the [[food]] supply and result in mass starvation.

This [[liberal]] falsehood is contrary to the [[Multiplication of the loaves]], as set forth in Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:5-15. Multiple additional examples in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, as well as the example of [[William Bradford]] at Plymouth Colony,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradford|first1=William|title=The History of Plimoth Plantation|date=1669|pages=135–136}}</ref> of the food supply increasing to be more far plentiful than expected, based on [[faith]] in [[God|God's]] powers and use of [[conservative]] [[economics]]. Indeed, in modern times [[obesity]] is far more prevalent and harmful than [[hunger]] worldwide, and food production far exceeds the ability to consume even in impoverished nations. Hunger remains a problem only in places with [[liberal]] and/or [[leftist]] political systems that impede food distribution or destroy the [[free market]].

As predicted by the [[Bible]] there is an abundance of food in the world, although distribution problems sometimes prevent the food from getting to everyone who needs it. Food inflation in the [[United States]] is very low, hovering around only 1% for the last three decades,<ref>https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/food-inflation</ref> which has kept overall inflation low.

=== Corn ===
Passages in the [[Gospel of Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke]] recount disciples eating ears of [[corn]] on the [[Sabbath]]. "Corn" and the [[Greek]] word for it is broader than [[maize]] and could have included grain, but ears of corn can be more attractive than ears of grain. Throughout the 20th century historians taught that maize originated only in [[North America]] and was introduced into [[Europe]] only by explorers such as [[Christopher Columbus]]. “George Beadle wrote in a 1980 Scientific American article, 'the development of corn by the Indians remains man’s more remarkable plant-breeding achievement.'”<ref>https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/11/the-mysterious-origin-of-corn.html</ref>

Really?? Plant-breeding of corn by only [[American Indians]]?? Though not [[politically correct]], modern research reinforces the [[Gospels]] by showing that [[maize]] existed early enough in [[Italy]] (depicted in a fresco by 1517) and [[Germany]] (in a herbal by 1542)<ref>https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/150485/eth-30594-02.pdf</ref> to undermine the implausible [[atheistic]] theory that it originated in [[Europe]] only from [[Christopher Columbus]] bringing it back to [[Spain]] on March 15, 1493.

For hundreds of years corn was considered to be a vegetable, but now botanists classify it as a fruit ... just as the [[Gospel of Mark]] said 2000 years ago at {{bibleref|Mark|4|28|version=KJV}}.

==History==

=== Psychogenic hematidrosis ===

Psychogenic hematidrosis, which is sweat turning into blood, happens very rare;u. but in the cases it does happen, it usually happens with death row inmates, as shown in 70% of studies on the condition.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjXMsq6SscA Police Detective Examines the Resurrection of Jesus becomes Christian]</ref> In the garden of Gethsemane, Jesus sweat blood (Luke 22:44). The early church was puzzled by the account of Jesus sweating blood given in Scripture and they didn't know what to make of it.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

=== Pleural effusion ===

The early church was puzzled by the blood and water that came out of Jesus' side when the soldier plunged his spear into him. The blood was not a problem in their understanding, but the water was. Medical science can now explain the water coming out of Jesus' side as being the result of pleural effusion.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

===Great Flood ice mummy===
[[File:The building of the ark.jpg|thumb|The building of the Ark by Bertram of Minden, ancient [[German Painting]].]]
According to the Bible, a [[Great Flood]] occurred around 3300 B.C., or about 5300 years ago. It involved a cataclysmic rainstorm of a magnitude never seen before or since. For centuries [[atheist]]s and [[liberals]] have mocked it, claiming that it was impossible. However, in 1991, an "ice mummy" was discovered in the [[Alps]]. Scientists located a remarkably preserved ancient body, including even the contents of his last meal, which was due to an extraordinary ice storm. By radiometric [[carbon dating]],<ref>http://www.nupecc.org/iai2001/report/B44.pdf Radiocarbon dating of the Iceman Ötzi with
accelerator mass spectrometry</ref> the scientists discovered that this massive ice storm occurred 5300 years ago, which perfectly matches the Biblical Great Flood.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html PBS on the "Iceman" in the Alps</ref> This is obvious proof of the Great Flood, as no natural occurrence could possibly explain how somebody came to be preserved by ice in the [[Alps]].

===Oldest Living Organism===

Bristlecone pine trees in California's White Mountains are the oldest living unitary organism. As predicted by the Bible, they are not as old as 6,000 years but are as old as 5,000 years,<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/US/photos/worlds-oldest-living-things-23385913/image-23386256</ref> roughly the time of the [[Great Flood]].

===False theories===
Jesus' recognition that the truth would remain hidden from arrogant "intellectuals" while simultaneously revealed to humbler, [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|more openminded]] people. This foreshadowed the creation of theories to pull self-centered intellectual wannabes away from [[God]], such as the [[Theory of Evolution]], the [[Theory of Relativity]], the [[homosexual agenda]], the [[secular]] culture of [[abortion]], [[Communism]], and countless other [[liberal]] and atheistic ideas and ideologies.

===Mankind remains extant===
The Bible predicts that the end of [[mankind]] will not occur by chance, but rather at a time known only to God. Despite the extinction of many species each year throughout history, the expectation by scientists that Earth would have been hit by chance by a massive, extinction-causing meteor, and laws of probability that predict other immense catastrophes, mankind continues and Christianity grows just as Jesus predicted.

===Construction of ancient sky-high structures===

The Bible—the [[Book of Genesis]] chapter 11—explains how ancient people arrogantly sought to construct a sky-high "[[Tower of Babel]]" to try to reach [[Heaven]]. Then, in the 1900s, archaeologists discovered the great ziggurat of ancient Ur, located in present-day southern Iraq, having characteristics similar to the biblical description of the Tower of Babel.<ref>http://www.bible-history.com/babylonia/BabyloniaThe_Ziggurat.htm</ref>

===Hometown of Goliath===

1 Samuel 17 of the Bible discusses the giant Goliath from a Philistine city named Gath, located in central Israel. In July 2015, archaeologists discovered its entrance in an excavation that began in 1899. They also uncovered evidence of a massive earthquake that occurred in the eighth century BC, as described in the biblical book of Amos.<ref>http://www.christiantoday.com/article/gates.to.goliaths.city.discovered/61124.htm</ref>

===Effect of Deafness on Speech===

For 2000 years after [[Christ]], scientists overlooked the close connection between hearing and speech, and the brain, and are just starting to discover this now.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/deafness-can-have-unexpected-consequences-on-speech-patterns/</ref> But [[Jesus]] illustrated the connection when he cured a problem with speech primarily by opening someone's ears, after which the man "spoke plainly."<ref>Mark 7:34-35 ([[ESV]])</ref>

===Common DNA===
[[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 1|John 1:3]] explains that "All things were made by Him; not one thing was made without Him." If something had been made without Him then creatures would exist that had completely different DNA from other creatures.

===Psychiatry===

The self-destructive conduct of cutting is described as part of [[demonic]] behavior in {{bibleref|Mark|5|5}}, yet was largely ignored as a psychiatric illness until 2010.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2010/02/10/123529829/cutting-elevated-from-symptom-to-mental-disorder#:~:text=People%20who%20cut%2C%20or%20intentionally,impulsive%20actions%20and%20chaotic%20relationships.</ref> In addition to the nature of cutting as a psychiatric illness, the mere act of cutting as a form of self harm increases one's risk for suicide.<ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Muehlenkamp JJ | title = Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 324–333 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 15839768 | doi = 10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 }}</ref>

[[Jesus Christ]] and [[Christianity|Christendom]] have emphasized the important of forgiveness and in the last few decades mental health specialists have increasingly seen the importance of forgiveness to alleviate anger/depression/bitterness and other emotional problems within individuals.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755173/ Indian J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun; 51(2): 153–156. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.49459, PMCID: PMC2755173, ''Forgiveness: A note for psychiatrists'' by Prakash Gangdev]</ref>Cutt

Modern medicine now realizes that obsessing with one's past is a big cause of psychiatric problems.<ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-flux/201104/5-ways-find-closure-the-past</ref> Jesus had the same insight 2000 years earlier: "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the [[kingdom of God]]."<ref>Luke 9:62 ([[ESV]]).</ref>

See also: [[Atheism and anger]] and [[Atheism and bitterness]]

== The Bible and health practices ==

''See also:'' [[The Bible and health]]

Max Neuberger, writing in his "History of Medicine" states concerning the Mosaic laws:
{{cquote|The commands concern prophylaxis and suppression of epidemics, suppression of venereal disease and prostitution, care of the skin, baths,[17] food, housing and clothing, regulation of labour, sexual life, discipline of the people, etc. Many of these commands, such as Sabbath rest, [[circumcision]], laws concerning food (interdiction of blood and pork), measures concerning menstruating and lying-in women, and those suffering from gonorrhoea, isolation of lepers, and hygiene of the camp, are, in view of the conditions of the climate, surprisingly rational.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref>}}

===Blood clotting on the eighth day===
In Genesis 17:12, God mandated that Abraham circumcise his sons on the 8th day after birth. In 1935, it was discovered that Vitamin K, together with prothrombin, causes blood coagulation, (important in any surgical procedure). On the 8th day, the amount of prothrombin present is elevated above 100% of normal and is therefore the only day in the male's life in which this will be the case (normally). If surgery is to be performed, day 8 is the perfect day to do it as vitamin K and prothrombin levels are at their peak.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462229_Haematological_Basis_of_8th_Day_Male_Child_Circumcision_in_The_Holy_Bible</ref>

===Lifespan===
The Bible puts the maximum lifespan for man at 120 years (Genesis 6:3), the typical lifespan at 70 years and the typical for a good-living person at 80 years (Psalm 90:10).

Thousands of years after that was written, despite immense advances in medicine and technology, these figures remain remarkably accurate. The longest modern recorded life of a man is precisely 120 years (Shigechiyo Izumi), the average lifespan for a man is roughly 70 years, and the average for a good-living man is about 80 years.

[[Jeanne Calment]] lived to age 122, only two years past 120. She was said to have never worked and used olive oil on her skin, outliving all of her [[feminist]] counterparts.

===Oldest human ancestor===
The Bible suggests that the oldest maternal ancestor — [[Eve]] — first lived slightly more than 6000 years ago.<ref>http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html</ref> The mutation rate of [[mitochondria]] indicates roughly the same date for the most recent common human ancestor.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Mitochondrial_Eve_lived_only_6500_years_ago_%28Talk.Origins%29</ref> Scientific studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA changes 24 times quicker than originally thought.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380/</ref>

===Anesthesia===
The first surgical operation described in the Bible was the removal of a rib from [[Adam]], which was performed by first putting Adam into an unconscious, "deep sleep-like trance."<ref>[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 2:21]]</ref> This was the equivalent of anesthesia — thousands of years before anesthesia using inhaled ether was developed by William Morton in 1846. Had scientists and physicians been more [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|openminded]] about Genesis 2:21, they may have discovered anesthesia far sooner, and saved many more lives.

===Bloodletting hastens death===
At the time of Jesus and for centuries afterward, arteries and veins were thought to be filled with air, and blood was viewed as something to be used up rather than recirculate. Bloodletting—the practice of intentionally draining blood from a patient—was common medical practice through the time of [[George Washington]], hastening his death prematurely for reasons not understood until years later.<ref>http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37212.php</ref>

Most victims of crucifixion in Roman times languished on the cross for days. But the Bible describes how Pilate, who crucified many, was surprised at how quickly Jesus passed away. 2000 years later, scientific knowledge has advanced to understand that this was caused by his prior loss of blood during his scourging (being brutally whipped), a punishment typically given ''instead of'' crucifixion.

===Homosexuality and disease===
The Bible's prohibition against [[homosexuality]] predated knowledge about the [[Homosexuality and health|many diseases and disorders associated with homosexuality]], and thus showed scientific wisdom prescient for its time.

===Eyesight===
The description in the [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Gospel of Mark 8:24]] for the sensation when one's eyesight is restored includes his perception of "trees walking." This perception was first confirmed nearly 2000 years later as physicians developed medical techniques for restoring eyesight.<ref>This newspaper account is not specific but describes the overall sensation of restored sight: [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-138886/Robot-eye-restore-lost-sight-20-years.html]</ref>

===Maximum human height===
Atheists thought the size of [[Goliath]] in the Bible to be absurdly large (over nine feet tall), until [[Robert Wadlow]] grew to nearly 9 feet tall and was still growing when he died at a young age in 1940. If not for an infection that led to his death, Wadlow would have presumably reached, and even surpassed, 9 feet in height.<ref>https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/6/the-tragic-death-of-robert-wadlow-the-tallest-man-ever-708849</ref>

===Leprosy===
Although leprosy is not as contagious as other infectious diseases, and some forms of it (such as tuberculoid or paucibacillary form are not contagious), Leviticus 13 and 14 set forth rules to prevent epidemics of this disease among the people of Israel. Western science did not catch up until, in 1663, such laws were introduced in America in an attempt to curb an outbreak of smallpox.

Centuries ahead of medical science, Jesus subsequently explained that leprosy was not as contagious as people thought.{needs citation}

===Hygiene===
Millennia before germ theory was proposed in the late 19th century, Leviticus 15 mandated hygiene laws that included bathing, washing of clothing, destruction of contaminated pottery and washing of hands.

In Matthew 15:2, Jesus then curbed compulsive hand-washing by explaining why it was no longer typically necessary (in a non-farming, non-medical context) with respect to man's digestive system.

===Digestive system===
It was common thought throughout history that infections and illness resulted from the digestive system, based on unclean hands or food. Jesus rejected that view, and declared hand-washing before meals to be typically unnecessary. It took many centuries before science caught up to the Bible on this.

It is part of the Jewish kosher law to not eat milk with meat. In some Jewish homes they have separate refrigerators for meat and milk products. It comes from Deuteronomy 14:21 "...Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk." There is evidence that the body has difficulty digesting both meat and milk at the same time.

Also, as part of the Jewish kosher law a pork is on the list of prohibited foods. Under cooked pork can transmit Trichinosis, a parasitic disease that can infect muscle tissue, the brain, and the central nervous system, among other [[parasite]]s and zoonotic diseases. [[Creation denial|Creation deniers]] can counter this point only with such desperate non-arguments as asking why God had to create trichinae at all and then allow them onto the [[Ark]], with them ignoring the fact that perhaps God did not intend for all organic matter to be edible.

=== Dietary ===
====Vegetable diet====
The important health benefits of a vegetable-based diet were not realized until late in the 20th century, but this is explained in the [[Book of Daniel]]:
{{cquote|“Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.
Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”
 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.
 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.<ref>Daniel 1:12-15 [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%201&version=NIV NIV version]</ref>}}

====Fetal Alcohol Syndrome====
Not discovered until 1973 by American physicians, fetal alcohol syndrome results from harm done to the unborn child in pregnancy due to the mother drinking alcohol. The Bible, thousands of years earlier, forbade the mother of [[Samson]] from drinking alcohol while pregnant, so that he could become a powerful leader:

:3The angel of the Lord appeared to her and said, “You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son. 4'''''Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink''''' and that you do not eat anything unclean. 5You will become pregnant and have a son whose head is never to be touched by a razor because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines.”<ref>Judges 13:3-5 (NIV).</ref>

====Disease from Unclean Animals====
The deadly [[coronavirus]], which spread in 2020 from China, likely originated from eating unclean animals as designated in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14 of the Bible.<ref>https://www.ucg.ca/booklets/what-does-bible-teach-about-clean-and-unclean-meats/which-animals-clean-and-unclean</ref> Other diseases, such as [[Ebola]]<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html</ref> and SARS<ref>https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)14121-9/</ref> are also spread by unclean vector animals such as bats and rats. Most deadly plagues throughout history, such as the [[Black Plague]], have been spread by animal-to-human transmission, which can be countered by stressed distancing of activities such as eating said animals stated in the Bible.

====Animal Toxicity====
[[File:David Macht.jpg|thumbnail|right||200px|Dr. David Macht]]
In 1953 Dr. [http://www.creationwiki.org/David_Macht David Macht], a Johns Hopkins researcher, conducted toxicity tests on many different kinds of animals and fish and concluded that the toxicity of Levitically [[Mosaic law and unclean animals|"unclean" animals]] was higher than that of the [[Mosaic law and clean animals|"clean" animals]], and that the correlation with the description in Leviticus was 100%.<ref name=Macht1>Macht, David I., MD. "[http://members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/Macht1953.pdf An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Levitcus XI and Deuteronomy XIV]." ''Bulletin of the History of Medicine'' 27(5):444-450, September–October, 1953. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Macht's study in terms of classifying kosher and non-kosher animals matched the kosher classification performed by James W. Atz, Ph.D., Curator and Dean Bibliographer in the Department of Ichthyology of the American Museum of Natural History, NY, NY and adjunct professor of biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science on New York University. Dr. Atz's list of kosher and non-kosher animals was published by the Orthodox Union in Kosher Guide and in the Orthodox Union Kosher Consumer Directory.<ref name=Atz>Atz, James W., contrib. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fish/ KASHRUT.COM - Kosher and Non-kosher fish]" Scharf Associates, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> According to a list of kosher and non-kosher fish published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, deciding what fish have scales, in the Orthodox Jewish community, appears to involve semantics as scales which are not visible to the human eye or scales that cannot be removed without tearing the skin are not considered "scales" in terms of the Torah law for determining which fish are kosher. It appears that Jewish religious authorities do appeal to well known Torah commentators.<ref name=Goldberg>Goldberg, Chaim. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fishfaq/ Consumers’ FAQ’s on Kosher fish]." Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, 2004. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Also, Dr. Macht's classification of swans as kosher is in accordance with the research done at Ohr Somayach Institutions in Jerusalem, Israel.<ref name=ask1>"[http://ohr.edu/ask/ask210.htm Ask the Rabbi - Are swans kosher]?" Ohr Somayach Website, Ohr.edu, October 24, 1998. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Furthermore, Dr. Macht states in the peer reviewed journal ''Science'' that the toxicology test he used was a reliable method for detecting zoological toxins as it was a toxicology test sensitive to these type of toxins, and therefore one could conclude it was also suitable for testing the toxicity levels of fish, meat, and poultry.<ref name=Macht3>Macht, D.I. , Science 1930, 71 :302</ref> (The toxicological method that Dr. Macht used was also cited in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.<ref name=Macht2>Macht, D.I. and Macht, M.B. ''Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine'' 1941, 26: 597</ref>) In addition, Dr. Macht was an expert in cobra venom, which is a zoological toxin. Macht's conclusions, however, were challenged by three of his science community peers in a Seventh Day Adventist publication although one partially affirmed his study.<ref name=Harris>Harris, Lester E., Jr. "[https://archive.is/20070709234205/members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/web/ministry-1954-March-p37.htm This Question of Unclean Meats]." Ministry Magazine, March 1953, p37-38. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> This was partly due to a likely unfamiliarity with what food is kosher and non-kosher. Also, perhaps they were unfamiliar with the toxicity test Dr. Macht used, and its apparent effectiveness in testing zoological toxins.

In the short term, eating non-kosher food often appears to have no dramatic ill effects in general. For example, the Arabs, who do not eat kosher, consider camel to be a delicacy. Clearly, non-kosher Arabs do not fall dead right after eating camel meat. However, the long term optimality of eating clean versus unclean meat is an unanswered question of science. Also, eating non-kosher foods clearly has some nutritional benefit. For example, shrimp and pork contain protein. The New Testament declares, {{Bible quote|For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is [[Holy|sanctified]] by the word of God and prayer.|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5|version=NKJV}}

In regard to the aforementioned verse, it could be argued that prayer does [[Holy|sanctify]] food. The Bible has plenty of verses regarding God's protection. Also, it could be argued that the benefits outweigh the costs in all foods and thus all food is good. Clearly there is some nutritional goodness in foods that the Torah declared unclean (for example, shrimp has protein). What foods are optimal from an empirically tested science viewpoint is often controversial. In short, in regard to eating strictly a kosher diet versus a non-kosher diet, science has no definitive answers at the present time. From a Christian theological point of view, it could be argued that food should not be an impediment to anyone making a decision to become a Christian. It should be noted that orthodox Christian believers in Biblical scientific foreknowledge believe that Christians can eat the food that was declared unclean in the Old Testament, and {{Bible ref|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5}} and {{Bible ref|book=Galations|chap=2|verses=7-16}} make this very clear.

In addition to the aforementioned study testing kosher and non-kosher foods for toxicity levels, Macht developed evidence indicating that combining meat and milk tended to be more toxic than either foodstuff alone.<ref name=Macht4>David I. Macht, Medical Leaves 1940; 3:174-184</ref> In addition, he compared conventional animal slaughtering versus kosher slaughtering and determined that kosher slaughtering produced less toxic meat.<ref name=Macht4/>

A 1985 study by Nanji and French found that there was a significant correlation between cirrhosis and pork consumption (Macht claimed that swine was more toxic than the animal meat the Bible called clean).<ref name=Nanji>Nanji AA, and French SW. "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858627&dopt=Abstract Relationship between pork consumption and cirrhosis]." ''Lancet'' 1985 Mar 23, 1(8430):681-3. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Modern pork production methods are different from ancient methods of raising pigs, so the result of this study might be hard to apply to the ancients or those who raise pigs by organic farming methods, without the use of hormones or antibiotics.

Jane Cahill reported in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' that the toilets of a Jewish household in [[Jerusalem]] were examined and no [[parasite]]s or infectious agents were found.<ref name=Cahill>[http://cojs.org/cojswiki/It_Had_to_Happen,_Jane_M._Cahill,_Karl_Reinhard,_David_Tarler_and_Peter_Warnock,_BAR_17:03,_May/Jun_1991. It had to happen, Scientist Examines Ancient Bathrooms of Romans 586 B.C.] by Jane Cahill and Peter Warnock. BAR May/June 1991</ref>

Today, some "alternative medicine" practitioners do not recommend pork to their patients. Their reasons include the possible content of hormones, antibiotics, and pesticides, and also the undiscriminating diet of the pig. Joseph Mercola, DO, who has a private practice in alternative general medicine, writes:{{cquote|Pigs are scavenger animals and will eat just about anything. Their appetite for less-than-wholesome foods makes pigs a breeding ground for potentially dangerous infections. Even cooking pork for long periods is not enough to kill many of the retroviruses and other parasites that many of them harbor.<ref name=Mercola>Mercola, Joseph, DO, ed. "[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/07/12/are-there-deadly-superbugs-in-your-pork.aspx?source=nl Are There Deadly Superbugs In Your Pork]?" <http://www.mercola.com/>, July 12, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>}}

Dr. Mercola does not even recommend pasture-raised pork, because wild boars will often infect herds of pork with [[Trichinella spiralis]] or other parasites.<ref name=Mercola/>

===Feasibility of abiogenesis===
Although scientists dismissed ideas involving [[abiogenesis]], or the process from which life emerges from non-living material, as nothing more than archaic beliefs in [[spontaneous generation]], the Bible very clearly depicts an occurrence of this phenomenon, for beginning in Genesis 1:20, God creates life from nothing. It was not until the early 20th century that science finally began to accept the viability of abiogenesis, a view that the Bible had held for almost 2000 years, except that [[atheists]] falsely claim that abiogenesis is somehow possible without a creator. For addition information, please see [https://creation.com/origin-of-life origin of life]

===Awareness while unborn===
[[Abortion]] advocates argue that it is ok to terminate a baby while dismissing the pain inflicted by ending an innocent life. They argue that a fetus cannot feel pain because senses are incomplete. There is a heart-beating human in the womb that can feel even though still unborn and developing. In modern times, we now know the baby in the womb is alert, aware of their mother's emotions, recognizes voices, responds to stimuli and music. The Bible tells us the baby feels (1 Luke 44), ''"the babe leaps for joy in Elizabeth’s womb at the sound of Mary’s voice."'' The inwomb developing baby, John the Baptist, notices the presence of the unborn [[Lord]] in [[Mary]], and is excited. In addition (St. Paul to the Galatians 1:15), ''"God… from my mother’s womb had set me apart and called me through his grace."'' Paul's very first thought, feeling awareness, began while unborn.

===Embalming===
[[Mark 9-16 (Translated)#14:3|Mark 14:3-8]] describes an embalming process to preserve a body after death, which was not discovered in the West until 1867.

===Significance of blood===
The Old Testament teaches that the [[life]] of all flesh is its [[blood]] ({{Bible ref|book=Leviticus|chap=17|verses=13-14|version=KJV}}). Secular science remained ignorant of the properties and circulation of blood until the 17th century A.D.<ref>[http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12_notes.htm Net Bible: Notes] to [http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12.htm#1234 Deuteronomy 12:23] {{dead link}}</ref>

===Menstruation===
The Biblical laws concerning [[menstruation]], including the setting apart of the menstruating woman and the prohibition on intimacy during menstruation, address health concerns that were not known to secular science until the 20th century.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref> Also, modern science has only very recently discovered that following such rules dramatically reduces the rate of illegitimacy.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182027.htm How Religion Promotes Confidence About Paternity]</ref>

===Cloning and a Common X Chromosome===
{{Bible ref|book=Genesis|chap=2|verses=21-22|version=KJV}} records that God made a [[woman]] out of one of [[Adam]]'s [[rib]]s. Secular scientists did not believe that [[cloning]] such a complex organism (apart from plants) was possible until 1997.<ref>[http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml Cloning Fact Sheet] {{dead link}}</ref> It should be noted, however, that this is not strictly 'cloning' as a clone would be identical to its original, most obviously in terms of its sex. Women can be cloned from the genetic material of men, but not the other way around, since women lack a Y chromosome. Women have the same X chromosome as men, but this was not discovered until the late 1800s. The Book of Genesis explained this thousands years earlier, describing how the first woman was created directly from man.

===Inbreeding===
Leviticus 18:7-11 elaborates in detail the relationships it regards as incestuous unions, to forbid inbreeding. Only in modern times has secular science caught up and been able to scientifically explain the harm to future generations of inbreeding.

==Cosmology==

===Distance of Oldest Star to Earth===

The Book of Genesis implies that the distance of the oldest star to Earth is how far light would travel during the age of mankind: about 6000 light-years. In 2014, a team of researchers discovered that the oldest star is indeed only 6000 light-years away.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140318194104/http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/6012/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe</ref><ref>https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20140218094324908</ref>

===Planet formation===
Theories of an old universe insisted that planet formation did not occur until long after the origin of the universe, contrary to the [[Book of Genesis]]. It was not until 2012 that atheistic scientists recognized and reported that planets formed at the "dawn of the universe," within a small fraction of the universe's age.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0330/Planets-found-at-dawn-of-universe-but-their-existence-is-a-mystery</ref>

===Extraterrestrial life===
For most of the 20th century, scientists typically believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, despite the lack of any reference to it in the Bible. After spending many billions of dollars looking for such life, and investigating countless reports of UFOs, no such life has been found.

===Starlight Problem===
The [[Starlight Problem]] confounds atheistic theories about the universe: light has reached us from stars that are too far away to transmit the light within the age of the universe. But the Book of Genesis explains this easily: "let there be light" means that God created light, not merely stars.

===Number of stars===
The Bible repeatedly refers to the number of stars as being innumerable,<ref>''See'' Genesis 15:5, Jeremiah 33:22 and Hebrews 11:12.</ref> despite scientists insisting throughout most of history that there were only about 6000 stars. In the early 17th century [[Galileo]] turned a telescope to the heavens and discovered a great number of stars that had been previously invisible to the naked eye.<ref>http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/astronomy95/orionpleiades.html</ref>

Not until the 20th century did scientists discover the tremendous number of stars:<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/index.html</ref>

:There are "10 times as many stars as grains of sand on all the world's beaches and deserts," totaling "7 followed by 22 zeros or, more accurately, 70 sextillion.

But even that scientific estimate was much too low. On December 1, 2010, scientists admitted:<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/1201/Universe-might-hold-three-times-more-stars-than-previously-thought</ref>

:"a cosmic embarrassment of riches – ''the universe appears to hold three times the number of stars many [[astronomer]]s might have estimated only a year ago''."

===Uniqueness of stars===
Although the use of telescopes to chart the outer-reaches of God's heavenly creation was developed around the 16th century in Europe, the Bible accurately hypothesized that every star is unique.

"There is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory"- 1 Corinthians 15:41 <ref>http://www.clarifyingchristianity.com/science.shtml</ref>

===Spherical Sun and Earth===
The Book of Isaiah establishes that the true shape of the earth is a sphere:
{{cquote|He sits above the sphere of the earth, and its inhabitants look to him like grasshoppers. He stretches out the galaxies like a curtain, spreading them out like a tent to live under: - [[Isaiah 34-42 (Translated)#Chapter 40|Isaiah 40:22 (CBP]])}}

Likewise, with respect to the [[sun]], the Book of Proverbs 8:27 ([[ESV]]) states:
{{cquote|When he established the heavens, ... he drew a circle on the face of the deep}}

The Book of Isaiah was written circa the 8th century BC, and the Book of Proverbs even earlier. This was centuries before Greek philosophers, beginning with [[Pythagoras]], theorized the earth was round, and it was not discovered until 2012 that the sun is perfectly spherical. Astronomers were not able to conclude until well into the second millennium of [[Christ]] that the Earth is also a sphere.

===Earth free floating in space===
The book of Job states that God "hangs the [[Earth]] on nothing." It also contrasts with Greek Mythology's belief that [[Atlas]] holds up the Earth, or ancient Hindu and Native American myths that the Earth was on top of a gigantic turtle.

The Bible presaged the modern view that space is in fact empty, which wasn't known until the dawn of the 20th century when ether theories became disfavored.

===Cosmic Background Radiation===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis Chapter 1]] explains that God created light first, rather than merely stars. A "big bang" would result in light everywhere, without darkness, and without ripples in cosmic background radiation. Yet in the 21st century ripples were discovered in cosmic background radiation, which can only be plausibly explained by recognizing that light was created first.

===Meteoroids===
The Revelation of Saint John notes,
{{cquote|And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. Revelation 8:8-9 (KJV)}}
This accurately describes meteoroids, essentially large chunks of rock lit on fire by the shock of entering the earth's atmosphere. They were not discovered until 1801, and their composition was not otherwise known until the 20th century.

===Stellar proper movement===
In [[Job]], a list of challenges are constructed in the form of questions, with the idea that man can't do it, but God can. Among these challenges, two are remarkable: one mentions the ''untying'' of Orion's belt, and the other is the ''binding'' of the Pleiades. Only recently, astronomers could measure the proper movement of those stars; Orion's belt is moving apart, with each star going in a different direction, while the Pleiades are moving together.

===Space flight===
Many theorize that the book of [[Ezekiel]] contains descriptions of spaceships and rockets, as they would have been described by someone thousands of years ago. [http://www.spaceshipsofezekiel.com/ Author Blumrich] has even published an entire book about this.

===Expanding universe===
The Bible explains, in 17 different verses, that God "stretched out" the heavens,<ref>http://www.creationists.org/God-streched-out-the-universe-bible-verses.html</ref> in other words, expanding the fabric of space-time from a smaller size to a much larger one. Scientists have discovered only in the last 100 years that, by studying the red shift of galaxies, the universe indeed appears to be expanding, or "stretching out."

==Meteorology==

===Water cycle, and the Six days of Creation Week===
The existence of the water cycle was widely unknown to pagan people's until imperial Roman times. But the Bible described the water cycle over a thousand years before that. In general, see [[Ecclesiastes]] 11:3, [[Job]] 26:8 and [[Amos]] 9:6.

There may be a more Biblically central reference to the water cycle: The reports in Genesis 1 of five things that God names (v. 5=two, v. 8=one, v. 10=two) seem to be consistent with five basic features of the geophysical half of Earth's life-support cycle. In Earth sciences, it is known that the total life-support cycle is irreducibly complex in relation to Earth's distance to the Sun, and this complexity maintained on an order of mere days' reserve: flora and fauna are interdependent, their interaction is necessary for the maintenance of the atmosphere, and if any one of those five features suddenly ceased, Earth would fail to support life in a matter of days.

==Physics==

=== Infinite entropy ===
According to [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]], "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state."—i.e., one of [[infinite]] [[entropy]].

In 2004, physicists at the [[University of Chicago]] solved a long-standing dilemma about the ever-increasing entropy in the universe by postulating that there has always been infinite entropy from the very beginning, which is as Genesis explained.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/816176</ref>

=== Immense power within atoms alluded to in 2 Peter chapter 3 ===
[[Image:Abomb.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|The [[atomic bomb]] that was dropped on [[Hiroshima]] unleashed the equivalent of about 15 kilotons of TNT.]]
The immense power within atoms is alluded to in the Bible in 2 Peter chapter 3.<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>

Daniel White III declares:
{{Cquote|John Phillips notes that Peter’s prophecy of a great, end-times conflagration of the earth and its atmosphere uses precise terminology that accurately describes a nuclear explosion. Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon define the “elements” as “the components into which matter is divided” (or atoms), and the term “dissolved” comes from the basic Greek word meaning to “loose” that which is bound (as in nuclear fission). The term “great noise” is found nowhere else in the New Testament and signifies “a rushing sound of roaring flames.” The term “fervent heat” is derived from a Greek medical term denoting a fever. But Peter’s use of it in application to inanimate objects is the only such known usage anywhere in Greek literature. Thus, Phillips observes, “Peter describes in accurate terms the untying of the atom and the resulting rushing, fiery destruction which follows it.”<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>}}

===Impossibility of a Grand Unified Theory===
Billions of dollars and millions of hours have been wasted by scientists in futile pursuit of a "grand unified theory" for physics. But [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis]] explains that the creation of light was done in a separate, initial creation, free of darkness or entropy, and thus incapable of theoretical unification with matter.

===Light and color===
Prior to the work of [[Isaac Newton]], white was considered to be the fundamental color of light, and other colors (such as red, green and blue) were formed by adding to white light. Under that traditional theory, the fullness of all light (a combination of all colors of light) would result in something other than pure white.

The transfiguration of Jesus is described with remarkable consistency in all three synoptic [[Gospel]]s: in the fullness of light Jesus and his clothing display an intense white, whiter than any bleach could produce. This illustrates what was not discovered and accepted until nearly 1700 years later: that white is the combination of other fundamental colors, and the purest white light is formed by a perfectly full combination (see [[Prism]]).

===Action-at-a-distance===
[[Jesus]] demonstrated [[action-at-a-distance]], as recounted in [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]]. Scientists, particularly [[atheists]], denied the possibility of this phenomenon for thousands of years. When Newton proposed action-at-a-distance as the basis of gravity, scientists continued to reject it, but eventually accepted it as being true.

Later the [[Theory of Relativity]] again denied the possibility of action-at-a-distance, but [[quantum mechanics]] subsequently proved that it does occur.<ref>See also [[Counterexamples to Relativity]].</ref>

===Quantum mechanics===
The fundamental principle of [[quantum mechanics]] is that the underlying reality is in random fluctuation, or chaos, until there is intelligent observation of it. This is precisely what [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#Luke 4:6|Luke 4:6]] reveals when it quotes the [[devil]] in saying that he has dominion over this world.

The world was an abyss of chaos at the moment of creation, as explained in the [[Book of Genesis]]. The order created by God is on a foundation of uncertainty. The discovery of this in subatomic particles in the 1900s, known as quantum mechanics, confirms the nature of the world as described in Genesis.

The Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff, Matthew 13:24-30, describes a fundamental uncertainty that does not resolve itself until there is observation over time, and [[The Parable of the Sower]] likewise foreshadows this insight. The authenticity of a simpler explanation of this parable at Matthew 13:36-43 has been challenged. The parable may refer to a profound and pervasive chaotic struggle between good and evil, or in quantum mechanics the uncertainty in position and energy.

====Resurrection====
Quantum mechanics discovered that particles can change their status in ways prohibited by intuition and traditional laws of physics, as in [[quantum tunneling]]. The logic of quantum mechanics even allows a living being, such as [[Schrödinger's Cat]], to exist in an uncertain state of life and death. The [[Resurrection]] denied by [[atheistic]] scientists is fully allowed by modern quantum mechanics.
====Observation of the wave function====
The second chapter of the [[Gospel of John]] describes the conversion of water into wine by [[Jesus]] at a wedding reception. [[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 2|John 2:9]] states: "When the host of the wedding feast tasted the water, it had been made into wine." This passage implies that the drink was not wine until it had been tasted, or observed. The drink was a superposition of the state of wine and the state of water until it was observed as wine.

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus draws a then-unusual distinction between what is fixed and what is uncertain by declaring, "Whatever you make binding on earth will be binding in heaven, and whatever you set loose on earth will be set loose in heaven."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Matthew_10-19_%28Translated%29&oldid=870778#Chapter_16</ref> This may describe the fundamental uncertainty that continues unless and until there is human observation that then causes the wave function to collapse into a particular ("bound") state.

====Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle====
Both the Old and New Testaments refer to a fundamental [[uncertainty]] that requires observation to resolve, akin to the [[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]] discovered in the 1920s:

* "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state." -- [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]].
* "The master refusing to order the removal of the weeds sowed among the wheat because of the uncertainty in distinguishing between the two until later." -- [[Matthew 10-19 (Translated)|Matthew 13:24-30]].

====Wave-particle duality====
Wave-particle duality, not discovered by scientists until the 20th century, is when something is sometimes a wave and sometimes a particle. Subatomic particles have wave-particle duality; so does light.

This is the same as God being a "wave" as the [[Holy Spirit]], and also being matter in the form of [[Jesus]]. An open-minded appreciation of the wave-particle duality of the [[Trinity]] could have opened the eyes of scientists nearly 2000 years sooner to the fundamental wave-particle duality of nature discovered in the 1900s.

Wave-particle duality is also evident in the [[Gospel]] account of Jesus walking on water: [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:45-54]]. A close reading of the passage reveals the wave-like (or light-like) characteristic of the walking on water:<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:48-49]] (italics added).</ref>
{{cquote|he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the boat, ''nearly passing it''. But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been ''a ghost'', and cried out.}}
Even today a more open-minded recognition of the truth of the [[Trinity]] would help scientists understand the reality of wave-duality.

====Quantum tunneling====
[[Quantum tunneling]] is the ability of particles to move through energy barriers even though ostensibly impossible based on classical laws of mechanical physics. This was not discovered by scientists until the 20th century.

Jesus proved this was possible in [[John 15-21 (Translated)#Chapter 20|John 20:26]], when he suddenly appeared before the [[Apostles]] in a closed room with completely shut doors. In addition, the explanation of the need for a "great chasm" between [[heaven]] and [[hell]] reinforces the possibility of quantum tunneling, in {{bible ref|Luke|16|26}}.

===Classical relativity===
Romans 10:6-7: But the righteousness that is by faith says: "Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'" (that is, to bring Christ down) 7"or 'Who will descend into the deep?'" (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).

Equating ascending into heaven to bringing Christ down is an example of the fact that there is no universal reference frame, and only relative speeds matter.

===Modern relativity===
The [[Theory of Relativity]] denies the possibility of action-at-a-distance. But several passages in the Bible, such as [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]] and [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)|Matthew 27:51]], describe simultaneous actions from afar.

The list of [[Counterexamples to Relativity]] has grown recently, and modern experiments in quantum mechanics have confirmed action-at-a-distance.

===Second Law of Thermodynamics===
The [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Book of Genesis]] states that the darkness or chaos in the universe can never overcome the light, or order. This same concept was not discovered in physics until the development of the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]], which holds that heat (or order or light) always travels in the direction of cold (or disorder or darkness), and never in the opposite direction.

[[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]] explains that the universe shall "wear out" like a "garment", centuries before the discovery of the physical law that [[entropy]] is always increasing.

===Nature of air===
Until about 300 years ago, common knowledge believe that the air was "empty" and didn't weigh anything. But [[Job]] 28:25 states, "To establish a '''weight''' for the wind, And apportion the waters by measure" indicating that the divinely inspired author knew the air had substance and weight.

===Conservative forces===
James 1:17 describes the electromagnetic forces (light) as having no "shadow of turning." Not understood for nearly 2000 years, this predicts that electromagnetic forces are [[conservative]] such that their [[line integrals]] over a closed loop are zero.

===Conservation of mass-energy===
[[Conservation of Energy|Conservation of mass-energy]] is one of the most fundamental laws of [[physics]] and is described in the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-universe-confirms-the-bible/|title=The Universe Confirms the Bible|accessdate=December 24, 2019|publisher=Answersingenesis.org|date=March 6, 2008|author=Dr. Jason Lisle}}</ref> It states that [[energy]] be neither created nor destroyed and instead the amount of energy remains constant. John 1:3 states that all things were created by [[God]] and that nothing has come into existence apart from Him. Moreover, in Genesis 2:2 it states that God ended His work of creation by the seventh day of the [[creation week]]. These passages imply no new material or energy can come into existence.

Secondly, God upholds all things by His sustaining power (Hebrews 1:3) and by Him all things consist (Colossians 1:17). Since neither matter nor energy will cease to exist, this implies that nothing new will come into existence. Together, these four passages imply that nothing new may be created nor anything destroyed: exactly what is described by the law of conservation of energy. There is the possibility of [[miracle]]s, but as supernatural interventions by God, they by definition do not conform to the laws of physics and are exceptions.

==Mathematics==
''See main article: [[Math and the Bible]]''

===Zero===
Mathematicians in Western Europe did not discover [[zero]] until many centuries after the Bible was written. But there are hundreds of references to the concept of zero throughout the Bible.

=== Set theory ===

Set theory was unknown until the devout [[Christian]] [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in the late 1800s to understand [[God]] better. But [[Jesus]] taught, “So the last will be first, and the first last” (Matthew 20:16 [[ESV]]), a concept that is paradoxical ''except'' in set theory. This set-theory concept is also echoed by the repeated references to [[Jesus]] as the "Alpha and the Omega" in the [[Book of Revelation]]. (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13)

=== Uncountable Sets ===

The existence of an uncountable set was not known in mathematics until [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in a paper published in 1891. But the so-called (and misnamed) [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#12:22|Epistle to the Hebrews]], which was possibly written by [[Jesus]], explains that the number of angels is uncountable.

===Banach-Tarski Paradox===
The only miracle described in all four [[Gospels]] is the multiplication of loaves and fish by Jesus, thought for thousands of years to be a mathematical and physical impossibility. But the 20th century discovery of the so-called [[Banach-Tarski Paradox]] proved a mathematical basis for creating identical copies of an object out of no extra material.

===Axiomatization of Arithmetic===
The full set of axioms for integer arithmetic may be found in the Bible. For example, [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)|Luke 12:52]] is a striking statement of the commutative law for addition: "For from this point forward there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three." This understanding presaged both later attempts at the axiomatization of arithmetic by Peano and the development of [[abstract algebra]] in the 19th and 20th centuries.

===Infinity===
Most thinkers scoffed at the concept of [[infinity]] for thousands of years, despite it being referenced in the Bible in many ways. See, e.g., Psalm 147:4-6 (God's "understanding is infinte"); [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)#20:1|Matthew 20:1-14]] ([[parable]] of the wages for the workers in the vineyard); Matthew 16:26 (one's soul has an infinite value to him, and nothing else can be worth more).

But [[Georg Cantor]], inspired profoundly by [[Christianity]], established a logical foundation for infinity that revolutionized all of mathematics as a result, with his development of [[set theory]] to accomplish his goal.

The [[New Testament]] contains many references to infinite opportunity. Though denied by [[economics|economists]] and others, infinite opportunity was confirmed by the [[Coase theorem]] as being available to all.

===Calculus===
The Bible emphasizes the importance of limits as a key distinction between this world and God; Calculus consists of relying on limits to derive useful results.<ref>[http://www.aiias.edu/ict/vol_27/27cc_225-239.htm Norie Grace Rivera-Poblete: "''God and Calculus''"], Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department of [[Seventh-day Adventist]], Prepared for the 27th International Faith and Learning Seminar held at Mission, Muak Lek Saraburi, Thailand December 3 – 15, 2000</ref>

James 1:17 states that the first and second derivatives of God's light (truth) is zero, more than 1600 years before calculus was discovered: "with [God] there is no variation or shadow of turning."<ref name="Shadow%252525252525252520of%252525252525252520Turning">[http://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/no-variation-or-shadow-of-turning-calculus-in-the-bible/ Nathan Albright: ''"No Variation Or Shadow Of Turning: Calculus In The Bible"''], Blog-Entry, Feb 24, 2011</ref>

===Arithmetic with Negative Numbers===

Negative numbers were not fully accepted by mathematicians until the 1800s,<ref>http://nrich.maths.org/5961</ref> including how a negative number dominates the result in multiplication with a positive number, to yield a negative outcome. Yet Jesus' [[The Parable of the Sower|parable of the sower and the seed]], in Matthew 13:1-23, Mark 4:1-8, and Luke 8:4-8, explained the same effect nearly 2000 years earlier.

=== Indeterminacy ===

The Bible repeatedly emphasizes that God is "unsearchable". See Job 5:9 (God "does great things and unsearchable"); Job 26:1 ("God's Majesty Is Unsearchable"); Job 36:26 ("Behold, God is great, and we know him not; the number of his years is unsearchable.") Psalm 145:3 ("Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable."); Proverbs 25:3 ("As the heavens for height, and the earth for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable."); Isaiah 40:28 ("Have you not known? Have you not heard? The Lord is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary; his understanding is unsearchable."); Romans 11:33 ("Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!")' Ephesians 3:8 ("to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ").<ref>All quotations are to the ESV of the Bible.</ref>

John 1:1 teaches that logic is part of God, and thus logic itself must also be "unsearchable". For many decades the finest mathematicians thought that the consistency of logic could be proven, until [[Kurt Godel]] (himself a frequent reader of the Bible) proved the indeterminacy, or "unsearchability", of mathematics.

==Sociology==

===Trolls===

The existence of malicious trolls on the internet is difficult to understand, until one reads Matthew 13:24-30 - the Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff.

===Crime===
Mark 4:22 says how nothing can be hid, neither can anything be kept secret. Empirical statistics show that the vast majority of crimes worldwide are solved.

==Sports==

The value of physical exercise was not discovered by secularists until late in the 20th century, but 1 Timothy 4:8 explained this nearly 2000 years earlier: "Physical exercise has some value ...."<ref>Good News Translation</ref>

==Zoology==
===Eyesight of Eagles===
Eagles have the finest eyesight in the entire animal kingdom: "they are able to see and focus in on prey as small as a mouse from up to 3 miles away."<ref>https://advancedfamilyeyecare.com/best-animal-eyes/</ref> This was predicted by the [[Book of Job]]: "its eyes penetrate the distance."<ref>Job 39:29 ([[HCSB]]).</ref>
===Morality of animals===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 3:1-10]] explains that only humans understand good and evil, and clothe themselves because of it. Repeatedly scientists have attempted to demonstrate that animals can understand morality also, but every attempt has failed. No animal (other than humans) has ever been found that clothes itself.

===Existence of dinosaurs===
[[Dinosaur]] fossils were not discovered until the 19th century, but the book of Job describes enormous creatures called behemoth and leviathan, the descriptions being similar to dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. It may also have referred to another similarly giant now-extinct species. Other dinosaur like creatures mentioned are the cockatrice and satyr <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v15/i2/behemoth.asp</ref>

===Killing methods of lions===
Until the 1970s naturalists believed that lions killed their prey by biting through the neck or by breaking the neck with a swat of a paw, while the Bible says that lions suffocated their prey. (Nahum 2:12) It was not until the 1970s that it was discovered that the [[Bible]] was correct.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BLions87.htm</ref> Lions fit their mouth over the mouth and nose of their prey and hold it while it suffocates, in addition to other killing methods.

===Giant sea creatures and Jonah===
The [[Jonah (Translated)|Book of Jonah]] describes his survival in the belly of a giant sea creature for 2.5 to 3 days. Scientists declared this to be impossible due to powerful stomach acids that quickly break down any material and the lack of breathable air inside marine animals.

In 2010, scientists found the following materials intact in the belly of a gray whale that had died after being stranded on a Northwest beach:<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/19/pair-sweat-pants-garbage-beached-whales-stomach/</ref>

*a pair of sweat pants
*a golf ball
*over 20 plastic bags
*small towels
*duct tape
*surgical gloves

Of course, many sea creatures have gone extinct in the thousands of years since Jonah lived.

===Gender of worker ants===
Proverbs 6:6-8 correctly states the sex of worker [[ant]]s (female), using the correct one of the two [[Grammar#Gender|grammatical genders]] available in Biblical [[Hebrew]]. Secular entomologists would not discover that fact until the 19th century.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rzwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&dq=ant+undeveloped+female+worker+date:1700-1850&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#v=onepage&q&f=false The study of medicine, Volume 5 By John Mason Good]</ref>

=== Harvester ants ===

19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior - namely the issue of ants/harvesting (Harvester ants). The Bible was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>

=== Hearing and snakes ===

The scientific consensus and the ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' both indicated that snakes can't hear.<ref>[https://creation.com/snake-charming-and-bible-accuracy Charmed, I’m sure!] by Calvin Smith</ref><ref>[http://ed5015.tripod.com/BCobra94.htm The Cobra and the Bible]</ref> The Bible said that snakes can hear. 21st century research showed that snakes can hear.

=== Vegetarian lion ===

''See also:'' [[Christian/Jewish vegetarianism]] and [[Religion and vegetarianism]] and [[Atheism and veganism]]

The prophet Isaiah says that there will be a time when the [[lion]] will lay down with the lamb and the lion will eat straw like the ox (Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25). There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>
[[File:8790lion-wont-eat-meat.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>]]
David Catchpoole wrote at the website of [[Creation Ministries International]]:
{{Cquote|From 1946 to 1955, A female African lion, born and raised in America, lived her entire lifetime of nine years without ever eating meat.1 In fact, her owners, Georges and Margaret Westbeau,2 alarmed by scientists’ reports that carnivorous animals cannot live without meat, went to great lengths to try to coax their unusual pet (‘Little Tyke’) to develop a taste for it. They even advertised a cash reward for anyone who could devise a meat-containing formula that the lioness would like. The curator of a New York zoo advised the Westbeaus that putting a few drops of blood in Little Tyke’s milk bottle would help in weaning her, but the lioness cub refused to touch it—even when only a single drop of blood had been added.

The more knowledgeable animal experts among the many visitors to the Westbeaus’ 100 acre (40 hectare) ranch also proffered advice, but nothing worked. Meanwhile, Little Tyke continued to do extremely well on a daily diet of cooked grain, raw eggs and milk. By four years of age she was fully grown and weighed 352 pounds (160 kg)...

Mr Westbeau’s observation of the lioness that ‘To condition her stomach she would spend an hour at a time eating the succulent tall grass in the fields’, is also a vivid reminder of the prophecies of Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25, ‘ … the lion will eat straw like the ox.’<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>}}

==Linguistics==
[[File:The Tower of Babel by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1563.jpg|thumb|350px|The Tower of Babel by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]
===Common descent theory===
The [[theory of evolution]] suggests that all languages are descended from a common ancestral language, and for a century (1860 to about 1960) scientists clung to that view. But now most linguists identify many different families of languages that have no common ancestor, just as described in Genesis 11 with the [[Tower of Babel]].

===Earliest Hebrew writings===
Skeptics have claimed that [[Hebrew]] writing did not exist before the 6th century B.C. But a recent Israeli archaeological dig dated four centuries earlier, in the 10th century B.C., included an artifact found at Khirbet Qeiyafa in the Elah Valley. This artifact contained a written inscription in Hebrew relating to "slaves, widows and orphans." Haifa University Professor Gershon Galil noted that this disproves the theory that the Bible could not have been written before the 6th century.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref> Furthermore, a curse tablet at [[Mount Ebal]] was discovered that contains Hebrew writing that may date as early as 1400 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Metcalfe |first=Tom |date=29 March 2022 |title=Ancient 'curse tablet' may show earliest Hebrew name of God |url=https://www.livescience.com/ancient-curse-tablet-early-hebrew |accessdate=8 June 2023 |website=livescience.com}}</ref> The tablet is even old enough to push back the date that secular scholars proposed for the [[Exodus]] of Jews from Egypt.

==Economics==
===Poverty===
Jesus stated that there will always be poverty,<ref>See Mark 14:7, Matthew 26:11 and John 12.8.</ref> yet [[liberals]] repeatedly insist that poverty can be eliminated with more government spending. Every attempt to eliminate poverty has failed just as Jesus predicted. In 1991 [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]] for the [[Coase Theorem]], which implies that government attempts to reduced poverty will interfere with efficient operation of the economy, and thereby reduce wealth.

===Socialism and Capitalism===
Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 says that [[capitalism]] is a gift from God:

"Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God give the him: for it is his portion. Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour; this is the gift of God."

Similarly, Ecclesiastes 6:1-2 condemns [[socialism]]:

"There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease."
===Invisible hand===
The "[[invisible hand]]" was not discovered until 1776 by [[Adam Smith]] in his magnum opus ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]''; the invisible hand can be understood as the [[Holy Spirit]] guiding people to productive activity.
===Opportunity cost===
The concept of [[opportunity cost]] is in [[Jesus]]'s teachings, at [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#6:9|Luke 6:9]] when he observes that it would be [[evil]] not to cure a man's withered hand on the [[Sabbath]], when it is possible to cure it then. Yet in economics the insight of opportunity cost did not develop until 1911.

==Government and Politics==
''See also [[Biblical political foreknowledge]]''

===Nation-state===
Ancient Israel, as described in the [[Old Testament]], was a [[nation-state]] and that model was not utilized again until thousands of years later, well after the Renaissance in Western Europe. This model of a nation-state has become the modern standard worldwide.

===Separation of Powers===
The separation of powers adopted successfully by the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787, with the legislative, executive, and judicial branches having separate authority and jurisdiction, was first described in the Old Testament.<ref>See Jeremiah 17:19 and Isaiah 33:22.</ref>

===Liberal influence on the media===
The Third [[Three Temptations of Christ|Temptation of Christ]] is to bow down and worship the [[Satan]] in exchange for becoming ruler of the world. The media plays that role and its influence is predictably liberal and anti-[[Christian]].

==Engineering==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge about these engineering developments has been proposed:<ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2191</ref>
{{cquote|automobiles (Joel 2:3-4); airplanes (Isaiah 31:5, also 40:31); submarines (Revelation 9:1-11); radio (Ecclesiastes 10:20); and television (Revelation 11:3-12)}}
Classical photography, using negative imaging, was predated by the [[Shroud of Turin]] with respect to the imaging on the Shroud likely due to the light of the [[Resurrection]]. The Shroud ([[Greek]]: σινδών - sindón) is mentioned in three Gospels: Matthew 27:59, Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, while John 20:5-7 talks about a face cloth or napkin ([[Greek]]: σουδάριον - soudárion - perhaps the [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]), and a piece of fine linen ([[Greek]]: ὀθόνιον - othonion). The description by the eyewitness John implies that his sighting of the Shroud may have confirmed his [[faith]], though he doesn't mention its photograph-like image.<ref>John Calvin, who opposed the Catholic Church, wrote a book in 1543 criticizing all material evidence of Jesus and the martyrs. In it he claimed that because the negative image on the Shroud is not described in the Gospels, it must not be authentic. [[John Calvin]]: ''Traité des Reliques'', Geneve 1543, translated by Valerian Krasinski: ''A treatise on Relics'', Edingburgh 1854</ref>

==Alleged "contradictions"==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge is an underpinning of creation science, and is widely credited by Christian scientists and apologists, including the organizations [[Creation Ministries International]],<ref>https://creation.com/modern-medicine Creation Ministries International on "Modern" Medicine</ref> [[Answers in Genesis]],<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp Answers in Genesis on "Modern" Medicine</ref> and [[CreationWiki]].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref>

Atheists and liberals unsuccessfully attempt to discredit the Bible based on science. Here are some examples:

===Value of Pi===
Two sections of the Bible (1 Kings 7, 23–26, 2 Chronicles, 4, 2–5) appear to indicate that the correct value of [[Pi]] is 3, whereas Pi is, in fact, an irrational number, equalling approximately 3.14159. Atheists, including [[Sam Harris]] and [[Richard Dawkins]], allege that this value indicates the fallacious nature of scripture.<ref>[http://richarddawkins.net/articles/139 The Richard Dawkins Foundation, ''Reply to a Christian'', Sam Harris -]</ref> However, a simple explanation of the claimed "contradiction" is that the Bible records the ratio of the actual object which Hiram created, not that of a mathematical [[sphere]]. The claim that it was round all about does not equate to a claim that it was a perfect sphere, as atheists have claimed.<ref>''Theology'', Volume 59, Issues 427-438, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain), London, 1956, p. 23</ref>

Additionally, Pi to one significant digit is 3. Just because the measurement is given to only one significant digit, that does not mean it was precisely that amount.<ref>There are no instances in the Bible where fractions are used.</ref> Of course, since Pi is an irrational number, it would be impossible to give a truly precise measurement. Since decimal notation was not in use in Biblical times, there was no way to express Pi to greater accuracy in the language of the day.

===Bat as a bird===
A favorite [[evolutionist]] canard is that [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:13-19]] labels the [[bat]], a [[mammal]], as a [[bird]]. The [[KJV]] translation of "fowl" is simply incorrect, as the Hebrew term '' 'owph'' did not entail the "clade" of birds, but was a non-scientific category simply referring to ''any'' winged creature. A popular Jewish translation, used to explain the laws of keeping kosher, translates the term as "winged flying things."

===Rabbits, coneys, and cud===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:5-6]], the Bible states, {{cquote|And the coney ''(or hyrax)'', because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.}} Although the term 'chewing the cud' usually means rumination (as seen in cows, for example), skeptics have claimed this is wrong in regards to rabbits and coney behavior. However, these animals do in fact use a similar process called refection. The underlying Hebrew words which are translated as 'chewing the cud' in the King James bible are actually much broader in scope, and mean simply 'to bring up' which is something both rumination and refection do.<ref>https://creation.com/do-rabbits-chew-their-cud</ref><ref>http://carm.org/bible-difficulties/genesis-deuteronomy/do-badger-and-rabbit-chew-cud</ref> This issue in translation is similar to the bats and fowl problem mentioned above.

===Number of legs of insects===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:20-23]], the Bible states, {{cquote|All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.
Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;

Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the
grasshopper after his kind.

But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you.}}While this may appear to indicate that insects have four legs (they have six), the passage is in fact referring to the manner in which the grasshopper moves. Grasshoppers have large back legs mainly used for jumping, and not for walking, which is when it uses its smaller four front legs. Thus, the ancient Hebrews were just describing things as they saw them, not according to scientific nomenclature.

==See also==
*[[Essay:Rebuttal to Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]
*[[Biblical political foreknowledge]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[The Bible]]
*[[Evolution]]
*[[Atheism]]
*[[Prodigal Son]]

==External links==
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Biblical scientific foreknowledge] by [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/scientific-consensus-and-evolutionary.html Jesus vs. the scientific consensus and evolution. Jesus wins!]
* "Ten of the Top Scientific Facts in the Bible", Living Waters Films with Ray Comfort. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2sMJMXDiH4]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Conservative Bible|*]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

{{Creation vs. evolution}}

Biblical scientific foreknowledge

2023-07-14T18:32:55Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Psychogenic hematidrosis */ fixed repetitive wording

[[File:Newton.png|thumb|200px|alt=Isaac Newton, cornerstone of the scientific revolution, based his research on the scientific authority of the [[Bible]].|thumb|[[Portrait]] of [[Isaac Newton]], cornerstone of the [[scientific revolution]], based his research on the scientific authority of the Bible.]]

'''Biblical scientific foreknowledge''' consists of the [[Bible]]'s many correct predictions of [[science|scientific]] breakthroughs. The Bible is a superb roadmap to future scientific discoveries. Unfortunately [[Bible denier]]s, including many [[Atheism|atheist]]s and [[evolution]]ists, refuse to read the Bible, and '''''their irrational [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|closed-mindedness]] against the Bible obstructs the advancement of science'''''.

The [[Book of Genesis]] gives [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge#Anesthesia|an example of anesthesia]] long before man discovered it in 1846. And the underlying chaos and [[uncertainty]] in the physical world was explained in the Bible long before [[quantum mechanics]] confirmed it in the 1900s.

Biblical scientific foreknowledge also guides a more precise translation of verses that describe scientific-related events, such as the reference to the wearing out of the universe in [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]], and the [[Essay:Water into Wine|changing of water into wine]] at the wedding feast.<ref>See {{bibleref|John|2|1-9}}.</ref>

Modern thinkers who read the [[Bible]] frequently include [[John von Neumann]], considered the most brilliant of the 20th century, along with the influential mathematician [[Kurt Gödel]].

==Geology==

===Massive flooding===
Atheist scientists long opposed a [[young earth]] [[creation|created]] by [[God]] where cataclysmic flooding, such as the [[Great Flood]] described in the Bible, shaped the landscape. However, ample [[counterexamples to an old earth]] exist and the discovery in the Northwest of "giant ripple marks, 50 feet high and 200-500 feet apart" proved that a cataclysmic flood in the region had indeed occurred thousands of years ago. As a result, "[a]mong geologists, the concept of a catastrophic flood came to be universally accepted by the late 1950s."<ref>[http://www.iafi.org/floods.html The Ice Age Flood Institute reports on the massive floods in the Northwest.]</ref>

===Continental drift===
[[Continental drift]] was proposed by [[creationist]] Antonio Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 based on [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis 1:9-10]],<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c001.html Christian Answers explains Antonio Snider's divine inspiration</ref> which states, {{cquote|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.}} Because land is no longer all in [[Pangaea|one place]], this implies that the continents have shifted over the six millennia to their current positions. [[Atheists]] and [[scientist]]s who hadn't seen the light of [[creationism]] were in [[liberal denial]] about this concept for a century, until finally accepting its truth. This is just more data that the Bible knew millennia before [[secular]] [[science]] caught up.

The most likely reason for the current position and shape of the land mass is the [[Great Flood]]. Pangea does not work without flipping, shrinking, and sometimes removing countries entirely. Any Biblical statements of continents is in {{bibleref|Genesis|10|25}} when Peleg is mentioned "for in his days was the earth divided" this in particular refers to the separation of what today is [[Russia]], [[Japan]], and [[Alaska]], when the oceans arose, and also to the division of the peoples by languages, who migrated together according to their language after the confusing of tongues at the [[Tower of Babel]], obviously the migration took place before the oceanic divide which led to the natives of the Far West. Everyone laughed at [[Christopher Columbus]], not because they thought earth was flat, but because they had forgotten the Far West (America) was there, and they thought he didn't have nearly enough supplies or a big enough ship to go to Asia the long way around, and they would have been right if he didn't hit the [[Caribbean]] first by complete accident. Recent findings of biblical stone tablets, in Byzantine script prove that trade between Europe and the Far West was common prior to the Dark Age which began in 400 or 500 AD.

===Underwater springs===
Only in modern times have scientists become aware of the enormous underwater springs feeding into the oceans, and the very deep valleys at the bottom of the oceans. However, the Bible repeatedly described this thousands of years earlier in [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 7|Genesis 7:11]], which states, {{cquote|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.}} Again, in 2 Samuel 22:16, the Bible states that, {{cquote|And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.}}
And Job 38:16 “Hast thou entered into the springs of the sea? Or hast thou walked in the search of the depths?"

This is ''obvious'' proof to all but [[liberals]] that the Bible had foreknowledge of subcrustal oceans, something the ancient Jews could not have possibly known, and thus proof of the Bible's God-given accuracy and divine nature.

==Agriculture==

===Malthusianism===
Since Thomas [[Robert Malthus|Malthus's]] 1798 work, ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', [[liberal]] intellectuals insisted that the world's population would grow faster than the [[food]] supply and result in mass starvation.

This [[liberal]] falsehood is contrary to the [[Multiplication of the loaves]], as set forth in Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31-44, Luke 9:10-17 and John 6:5-15. Multiple additional examples in both the [[Old Testament|Old]] and [[New Testament]]s, as well as the example of [[William Bradford]] at Plymouth Colony,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bradford|first1=William|title=The History of Plimoth Plantation|date=1669|pages=135–136}}</ref> of the food supply increasing to be more far plentiful than expected, based on [[faith]] in [[God|God's]] powers and use of [[conservative]] [[economics]]. Indeed, in modern times [[obesity]] is far more prevalent and harmful than [[hunger]] worldwide, and food production far exceeds the ability to consume even in impoverished nations. Hunger remains a problem only in places with [[liberal]] and/or [[leftist]] political systems that impede food distribution or destroy the [[free market]].

As predicted by the [[Bible]] there is an abundance of food in the world, although distribution problems sometimes prevent the food from getting to everyone who needs it. Food inflation in the [[United States]] is very low, hovering around only 1% for the last three decades,<ref>https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/food-inflation</ref> which has kept overall inflation low.

=== Corn ===
Passages in the [[Gospel of Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke]] recount disciples eating ears of [[corn]] on the [[Sabbath]]. "Corn" and the [[Greek]] word for it is broader than [[maize]] and could have included grain, but ears of corn can be more attractive than ears of grain. Throughout the 20th century historians taught that maize originated only in [[North America]] and was introduced into [[Europe]] only by explorers such as [[Christopher Columbus]]. “George Beadle wrote in a 1980 Scientific American article, 'the development of corn by the Indians remains man’s more remarkable plant-breeding achievement.'”<ref>https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2022/11/the-mysterious-origin-of-corn.html</ref>

Really?? Plant-breeding of corn by only [[American Indians]]?? Though not [[politically correct]], modern research reinforces the [[Gospels]] by showing that [[maize]] existed early enough in [[Italy]] (depicted in a fresco by 1517) and [[Germany]] (in a herbal by 1542)<ref>https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/150485/eth-30594-02.pdf</ref> to undermine the implausible [[atheistic]] theory that it originated in [[Europe]] only from [[Christopher Columbus]] bringing it back to [[Spain]] on March 15, 1493.

For hundreds of years corn was considered to be a vegetable, but now botanists classify it as a fruit ... just as the [[Gospel of Mark]] said 2000 years ago at {{bibleref|Mark|4|28|version=KJV}}.

==History==

=== Psychogenic hematidrosis ===

Psychogenic hematidrosis, which is sweat turning into blood, happens very rare;u. but in the cases it does happen, it usually happens with death row inmates, as shown in 70% of studies on the condition.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjXMsq6SscA Police Detective Examines the Resurrection of Jesus becomes Christian]</ref> In the garden of Gethsemane, Jesus sweat blood (Luke 22:44). The early church was puzzled by the account of Jesus sweating blood given in Scripture and they didn't know what to make of it.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

=== Pleural effusion ===

The early church was puzzled by the blood and water that came out of Jesus' side when the soldier plunged his spear into him. The blood was not a problem in their understanding, but the water was. Medical science can now explain the water coming out of Jesus' side as being the result of pleural effusion.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

===Great Flood ice mummy===
[[File:The building of the ark.jpg|thumb|The building of the Ark by Bertram of Minden, ancient [[German Painting]].]]
According to the Bible, a [[Great Flood]] occurred around 3300 B.C., or about 5300 years ago. It involved a cataclysmic rainstorm of a magnitude never seen before or since. For centuries [[atheist]]s and [[liberals]] have mocked it, claiming that it was impossible. However, in 1991, an "ice mummy" was discovered in the [[Alps]]. Scientists located a remarkably preserved ancient body, including even the contents of his last meal, which was due to an extraordinary ice storm. By radiometric [[carbon dating]],<ref>http://www.nupecc.org/iai2001/report/B44.pdf Radiocarbon dating of the Iceman Ötzi with
accelerator mass spectrometry</ref> the scientists discovered that this massive ice storm occurred 5300 years ago, which perfectly matches the Biblical Great Flood.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/icemummies/iceman.html PBS on the "Iceman" in the Alps</ref> This is obvious proof of the Great Flood, as no natural occurrence could possibly explain how somebody came to be preserved by ice in the [[Alps]].

===Oldest Living Organism===

Bristlecone pine trees in California's White Mountains are the oldest living unitary organism. As predicted by the Bible, they are not as old as 6,000 years but are as old as 5,000 years,<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/US/photos/worlds-oldest-living-things-23385913/image-23386256</ref> roughly the time of the [[Great Flood]].

===False theories===
Jesus' recognition that the truth would remain hidden from arrogant "intellectuals" while simultaneously revealed to humbler, [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|more openminded]] people. This foreshadowed the creation of theories to pull self-centered intellectual wannabes away from [[God]], such as the [[Theory of Evolution]], the [[Theory of Relativity]], the [[homosexual agenda]], the [[secular]] culture of [[abortion]], [[Communism]], and countless other [[liberal]] and atheistic ideas and ideologies.

===Mankind remains extant===
The Bible predicts that the end of [[mankind]] will not occur by chance, but rather at a time known only to God. Despite the extinction of many species each year throughout history, the expectation by scientists that Earth would have been hit by chance by a massive, extinction-causing meteor, and laws of probability that predict other immense catastrophes, mankind continues and Christianity grows just as Jesus predicted.

===Construction of ancient sky-high structures===

The Bible—the [[Book of Genesis]] chapter 11—explains how ancient people arrogantly sought to construct a sky-high "[[Tower of Babel]]" to try to reach [[Heaven]]. Then, in the 1900s, archaeologists discovered the great ziggurat of ancient Ur, located in present-day southern Iraq, having characteristics similar to the biblical description of the Tower of Babel.<ref>http://www.bible-history.com/babylonia/BabyloniaThe_Ziggurat.htm</ref>

===Hometown of Goliath===

1 Samuel 17 of the Bible discusses the giant Goliath from a Philistine city named Gath, located in central Israel. In July 2015, archaeologists discovered its entrance in an excavation that began in 1899. They also uncovered evidence of a massive earthquake that occurred in the eighth century BC, as described in the biblical book of Amos.<ref>http://www.christiantoday.com/article/gates.to.goliaths.city.discovered/61124.htm</ref>

===Effect of Deafness on Speech===

For 2000 years after [[Christ]], scientists overlooked the close connection between hearing and speech, and the brain, and are just starting to discover this now.<ref>https://www.zdnet.com/article/deafness-can-have-unexpected-consequences-on-speech-patterns/</ref> But [[Jesus]] illustrated the connection when he cured a problem with speech primarily by opening someone's ears, after which the man "spoke plainly."<ref>Mark 7:34-35 ([[ESV]])</ref>

===Common DNA===
[[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 1|John 1:3]] explains that "All things were made by Him; not one thing was made without Him." If something had been made without Him then creatures would exist that had completely different DNA from other creatures.

===Psychiatry===

The self-destructive conduct of cutting is described as part of [[demonic]] behavior in {{bibleref|Mark|5|5}}, yet was largely ignored as a psychiatric illness until 2010.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2010/02/10/123529829/cutting-elevated-from-symptom-to-mental-disorder#:~:text=People%20who%20cut%2C%20or%20intentionally,impulsive%20actions%20and%20chaotic%20relationships.</ref> In addition to the nature of cutting as a psychiatric illness, the mere act of cutting as a form of self harm increases one's risk for suicide.<ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Muehlenkamp JJ | title = Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 324–333 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 15839768 | doi = 10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 }}</ref>

[[Jesus Christ]] and [[Christianity|Christendom]] have emphasized the important of forgiveness and in the last few decades mental health specialists have increasingly seen the importance of forgiveness to alleviate anger/depression/bitterness and other emotional problems within individuals.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755173/ Indian J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun; 51(2): 153–156. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.49459, PMCID: PMC2755173, ''Forgiveness: A note for psychiatrists'' by Prakash Gangdev]</ref>Cutt

Modern medicine now realizes that obsessing with one's past is a big cause of psychiatric problems.<ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/in-flux/201104/5-ways-find-closure-the-past</ref> Jesus had the same insight 2000 years earlier: "No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the [[kingdom of God]]."<ref>Luke 9:62 ([[ESV]]).</ref>

See also: [[Atheism and anger]] and [[Atheism and bitterness]]

== The Bible and health practices ==

''See also:'' [[The Bible and health]]

Max Neuberger, writing in his "History of Medicine" states concerning the Mosaic laws:
{{cquote|The commands concern prophylaxis and suppression of epidemics, suppression of venereal disease and prostitution, care of the skin, baths,[17] food, housing and clothing, regulation of labour, sexual life, discipline of the people, etc. Many of these commands, such as Sabbath rest, [[circumcision]], laws concerning food (interdiction of blood and pork), measures concerning menstruating and lying-in women, and those suffering from gonorrhoea, isolation of lepers, and hygiene of the camp, are, in view of the conditions of the climate, surprisingly rational.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref>}}

===Blood clotting on the eighth day===
In Genesis 17:12, God mandated that Abraham circumcise his sons on the 8th day after birth. In 1935, it was discovered that Vitamin K, together with prothrombin, causes blood coagulation, (important in any surgical procedure). On the 8th day, the amount of prothrombin present is elevated above 100% of normal and is therefore the only day in the male's life in which this will be the case (normally). If surgery is to be performed, day 8 is the perfect day to do it as vitamin K and prothrombin levels are at their peak.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462229_Haematological_Basis_of_8th_Day_Male_Child_Circumcision_in_The_Holy_Bible</ref>

===Lifespan===
The Bible puts the maximum lifespan for man at 120 years (Genesis 6:3), the typical lifespan at 70 years and the typical for a good-living person at 80 years (Psalm 90:10).

Thousands of years after that was written, despite immense advances in medicine and technology, these figures remain remarkably accurate. The longest modern recorded life of a man is precisely 120 years (Shigechiyo Izumi), the average lifespan for a man is roughly 70 years, and the average for a good-living man is about 80 years.

[[Jeanne Calment]] lived to age 122, only two years past 120. She was said to have never worked and used olive oil on her skin, outliving all of her [[feminist]] counterparts.

===Oldest human ancestor===
The Bible suggests that the oldest maternal ancestor — [[Eve]] — first lived slightly more than 6000 years ago.<ref>http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/ussher.html</ref> The mutation rate of [[mitochondria]] indicates roughly the same date for the most recent common human ancestor.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Mitochondrial_Eve_lived_only_6500_years_ago_%28Talk.Origins%29</ref> Scientific studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA changes 24 times quicker than originally thought.<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380/</ref>

===Anesthesia===
The first surgical operation described in the Bible was the removal of a rib from [[Adam]], which was performed by first putting Adam into an unconscious, "deep sleep-like trance."<ref>[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 2:21]]</ref> This was the equivalent of anesthesia — thousands of years before anesthesia using inhaled ether was developed by William Morton in 1846. Had scientists and physicians been more [[Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness|openminded]] about Genesis 2:21, they may have discovered anesthesia far sooner, and saved many more lives.

===Bloodletting hastens death===
At the time of Jesus and for centuries afterward, arteries and veins were thought to be filled with air, and blood was viewed as something to be used up rather than recirculate. Bloodletting—the practice of intentionally draining blood from a patient—was common medical practice through the time of [[George Washington]], hastening his death prematurely for reasons not understood until years later.<ref>http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37212.php</ref>

Most victims of crucifixion in Roman times languished on the cross for days. But the Bible describes how Pilate, who crucified many, was surprised at how quickly Jesus passed away. 2000 years later, scientific knowledge has advanced to understand that this was caused by his prior loss of blood during his scourging (being brutally whipped), a punishment typically given ''instead of'' crucifixion.

===Homosexuality and disease===
The Bible's prohibition against [[homosexuality]] predated knowledge about the [[Homosexuality and health|many diseases and disorders associated with homosexuality]], and thus showed scientific wisdom prescient for its time.

===Eyesight===
The description in the [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Gospel of Mark 8:24]] for the sensation when one's eyesight is restored includes his perception of "trees walking." This perception was first confirmed nearly 2000 years later as physicians developed medical techniques for restoring eyesight.<ref>This newspaper account is not specific but describes the overall sensation of restored sight: [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-138886/Robot-eye-restore-lost-sight-20-years.html]</ref>

===Maximum human height===
Atheists thought the size of [[Goliath]] in the Bible to be absurdly large (over nine feet tall), until [[Robert Wadlow]] grew to nearly 9 feet tall and was still growing when he died at a young age in 1940. If not for an infection that led to his death, Wadlow would have presumably reached, and even surpassed, 9 feet in height.<ref>https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/6/the-tragic-death-of-robert-wadlow-the-tallest-man-ever-708849</ref>

===Leprosy===
Although leprosy is not as contagious as other infectious diseases, and some forms of it (such as tuberculoid or paucibacillary form are not contagious), Leviticus 13 and 14 set forth rules to prevent epidemics of this disease among the people of Israel. Western science did not catch up until, in 1663, such laws were introduced in America in an attempt to curb an outbreak of smallpox.

Centuries ahead of medical science, Jesus subsequently explained that leprosy was not as contagious as people thought.{needs citation}

===Hygiene===
Millennia before germ theory was proposed in the late 19th century, Leviticus 15 mandated hygiene laws that included bathing, washing of clothing, destruction of contaminated pottery and washing of hands.

In Matthew 15:2, Jesus then curbed compulsive hand-washing by explaining why it was no longer typically necessary (in a non-farming, non-medical context) with respect to man's digestive system.

===Digestive system===
It was common thought throughout history that infections and illness resulted from the digestive system, based on unclean hands or food. Jesus rejected that view, and declared hand-washing before meals to be typically unnecessary. It took many centuries before science caught up to the Bible on this.

It is part of the Jewish kosher law to not eat milk with meat. In some Jewish homes they have separate refrigerators for meat and milk products. It comes from Deuteronomy 14:21 "...Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk." There is evidence that the body has difficulty digesting both meat and milk at the same time.

Also, as part of the Jewish kosher law a pork is on the list of prohibited foods. Under cooked pork can transmit Trichinosis, a parasitic disease that can infect muscle tissue, the brain, and the central nervous system, among other [[parasite]]s and zoonotic diseases. [[Creation denial|Creation deniers]] can counter this point only with such desperate non-arguments as asking why God had to create trichinae at all and then allow them onto the [[Ark]], with them ignoring the fact that perhaps God did not intend for all organic matter to be edible.

=== Dietary ===
====Vegetable diet====
The important health benefits of a vegetable-based diet were not realized until late in the 20th century, but this is explained in the [[Book of Daniel]]:
{{cquote|“Please test your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.
Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”
 So he agreed to this and tested them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.
 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.<ref>Daniel 1:12-15 [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%201&version=NIV NIV version]</ref>}}

====Fetal Alcohol Syndrome====
Not discovered until 1973 by American physicians, fetal alcohol syndrome results from harm done to the unborn child in pregnancy due to the mother drinking alcohol. The Bible, thousands of years earlier, forbade the mother of [[Samson]] from drinking alcohol while pregnant, so that he could become a powerful leader:

:3The angel of the Lord appeared to her and said, “You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son. 4'''''Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink''''' and that you do not eat anything unclean. 5You will become pregnant and have a son whose head is never to be touched by a razor because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines.”<ref>Judges 13:3-5 (NIV).</ref>

====Disease from Unclean Animals====
The deadly [[coronavirus]], which spread in 2020 from China, likely originated from eating unclean animals as designated in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14 of the Bible.<ref>https://www.ucg.ca/booklets/what-does-bible-teach-about-clean-and-unclean-meats/which-animals-clean-and-unclean</ref> Other diseases, such as [[Ebola]]<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html</ref> and SARS<ref>https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)14121-9/</ref> are also spread by unclean vector animals such as bats and rats. Most deadly plagues throughout history, such as the [[Black Plague]], have been spread by animal-to-human transmission, which can be countered by stressed distancing of activities such as eating said animals stated in the Bible.

====Animal Toxicity====
[[File:David Macht.jpg|thumbnail|right||200px|Dr. David Macht]]
In 1953 Dr. [http://www.creationwiki.org/David_Macht David Macht], a Johns Hopkins researcher, conducted toxicity tests on many different kinds of animals and fish and concluded that the toxicity of Levitically [[Mosaic law and unclean animals|"unclean" animals]] was higher than that of the [[Mosaic law and clean animals|"clean" animals]], and that the correlation with the description in Leviticus was 100%.<ref name=Macht1>Macht, David I., MD. "[http://members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/Macht1953.pdf An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Levitcus XI and Deuteronomy XIV]." ''Bulletin of the History of Medicine'' 27(5):444-450, September–October, 1953. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Macht's study in terms of classifying kosher and non-kosher animals matched the kosher classification performed by James W. Atz, Ph.D., Curator and Dean Bibliographer in the Department of Ichthyology of the American Museum of Natural History, NY, NY and adjunct professor of biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science on New York University. Dr. Atz's list of kosher and non-kosher animals was published by the Orthodox Union in Kosher Guide and in the Orthodox Union Kosher Consumer Directory.<ref name=Atz>Atz, James W., contrib. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fish/ KASHRUT.COM - Kosher and Non-kosher fish]" Scharf Associates, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> According to a list of kosher and non-kosher fish published by the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, deciding what fish have scales, in the Orthodox Jewish community, appears to involve semantics as scales which are not visible to the human eye or scales that cannot be removed without tearing the skin are not considered "scales" in terms of the Torah law for determining which fish are kosher. It appears that Jewish religious authorities do appeal to well known Torah commentators.<ref name=Goldberg>Goldberg, Chaim. "[http://www.kashrut.com/articles/fishfaq/ Consumers’ FAQ’s on Kosher fish]." Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, 2004. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Also, Dr. Macht's classification of swans as kosher is in accordance with the research done at Ohr Somayach Institutions in Jerusalem, Israel.<ref name=ask1>"[http://ohr.edu/ask/ask210.htm Ask the Rabbi - Are swans kosher]?" Ohr Somayach Website, Ohr.edu, October 24, 1998. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>

Furthermore, Dr. Macht states in the peer reviewed journal ''Science'' that the toxicology test he used was a reliable method for detecting zoological toxins as it was a toxicology test sensitive to these type of toxins, and therefore one could conclude it was also suitable for testing the toxicity levels of fish, meat, and poultry.<ref name=Macht3>Macht, D.I. , Science 1930, 71 :302</ref> (The toxicological method that Dr. Macht used was also cited in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.<ref name=Macht2>Macht, D.I. and Macht, M.B. ''Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine'' 1941, 26: 597</ref>) In addition, Dr. Macht was an expert in cobra venom, which is a zoological toxin. Macht's conclusions, however, were challenged by three of his science community peers in a Seventh Day Adventist publication although one partially affirmed his study.<ref name=Harris>Harris, Lester E., Jr. "[https://archive.is/20070709234205/members.dslextreme.com/users/hollymick/web/ministry-1954-March-p37.htm This Question of Unclean Meats]." Ministry Magazine, March 1953, p37-38. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> This was partly due to a likely unfamiliarity with what food is kosher and non-kosher. Also, perhaps they were unfamiliar with the toxicity test Dr. Macht used, and its apparent effectiveness in testing zoological toxins.

In the short term, eating non-kosher food often appears to have no dramatic ill effects in general. For example, the Arabs, who do not eat kosher, consider camel to be a delicacy. Clearly, non-kosher Arabs do not fall dead right after eating camel meat. However, the long term optimality of eating clean versus unclean meat is an unanswered question of science. Also, eating non-kosher foods clearly has some nutritional benefit. For example, shrimp and pork contain protein. The New Testament declares, {{Bible quote|For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is [[Holy|sanctified]] by the word of God and prayer.|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5|version=NKJV}}

In regard to the aforementioned verse, it could be argued that prayer does [[Holy|sanctify]] food. The Bible has plenty of verses regarding God's protection. Also, it could be argued that the benefits outweigh the costs in all foods and thus all food is good. Clearly there is some nutritional goodness in foods that the Torah declared unclean (for example, shrimp has protein). What foods are optimal from an empirically tested science viewpoint is often controversial. In short, in regard to eating strictly a kosher diet versus a non-kosher diet, science has no definitive answers at the present time. From a Christian theological point of view, it could be argued that food should not be an impediment to anyone making a decision to become a Christian. It should be noted that orthodox Christian believers in Biblical scientific foreknowledge believe that Christians can eat the food that was declared unclean in the Old Testament, and {{Bible ref|book=1_Timothy|chap=4|verses=4-5}} and {{Bible ref|book=Galations|chap=2|verses=7-16}} make this very clear.

In addition to the aforementioned study testing kosher and non-kosher foods for toxicity levels, Macht developed evidence indicating that combining meat and milk tended to be more toxic than either foodstuff alone.<ref name=Macht4>David I. Macht, Medical Leaves 1940; 3:174-184</ref> In addition, he compared conventional animal slaughtering versus kosher slaughtering and determined that kosher slaughtering produced less toxic meat.<ref name=Macht4/>

A 1985 study by Nanji and French found that there was a significant correlation between cirrhosis and pork consumption (Macht claimed that swine was more toxic than the animal meat the Bible called clean).<ref name=Nanji>Nanji AA, and French SW. "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858627&dopt=Abstract Relationship between pork consumption and cirrhosis]." ''Lancet'' 1985 Mar 23, 1(8430):681-3. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref> Modern pork production methods are different from ancient methods of raising pigs, so the result of this study might be hard to apply to the ancients or those who raise pigs by organic farming methods, without the use of hormones or antibiotics.

Jane Cahill reported in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' that the toilets of a Jewish household in [[Jerusalem]] were examined and no [[parasite]]s or infectious agents were found.<ref name=Cahill>[http://cojs.org/cojswiki/It_Had_to_Happen,_Jane_M._Cahill,_Karl_Reinhard,_David_Tarler_and_Peter_Warnock,_BAR_17:03,_May/Jun_1991. It had to happen, Scientist Examines Ancient Bathrooms of Romans 586 B.C.] by Jane Cahill and Peter Warnock. BAR May/June 1991</ref>

Today, some "alternative medicine" practitioners do not recommend pork to their patients. Their reasons include the possible content of hormones, antibiotics, and pesticides, and also the undiscriminating diet of the pig. Joseph Mercola, DO, who has a private practice in alternative general medicine, writes:{{cquote|Pigs are scavenger animals and will eat just about anything. Their appetite for less-than-wholesome foods makes pigs a breeding ground for potentially dangerous infections. Even cooking pork for long periods is not enough to kill many of the retroviruses and other parasites that many of them harbor.<ref name=Mercola>Mercola, Joseph, DO, ed. "[http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2008/07/12/are-there-deadly-superbugs-in-your-pork.aspx?source=nl Are There Deadly Superbugs In Your Pork]?" <http://www.mercola.com/>, July 12, 2008. Accessed September 12, 2008.</ref>}}

Dr. Mercola does not even recommend pasture-raised pork, because wild boars will often infect herds of pork with [[Trichinella spiralis]] or other parasites.<ref name=Mercola/>

===Feasibility of abiogenesis===
Although scientists dismissed ideas involving [[abiogenesis]], or the process from which life emerges from non-living material, as nothing more than archaic beliefs in [[spontaneous generation]], the Bible very clearly depicts an occurrence of this phenomenon, for beginning in Genesis 1:20, God creates life from nothing. It was not until the early 20th century that science finally began to accept the viability of abiogenesis, a view that the Bible had held for almost 2000 years, except that [[atheists]] falsely claim that abiogenesis is somehow possible without a creator. For addition information, please see [https://creation.com/origin-of-life origin of life]

===Awareness while unborn===
[[Abortion]] advocates argue that it is ok to terminate a baby while dismissing the pain inflicted by ending an innocent life. They argue that a fetus cannot feel pain because senses are incomplete. There is a heart-beating human in the womb that can feel even though still unborn and developing. In modern times, we now know the baby in the womb is alert, aware of their mother's emotions, recognizes voices, responds to stimuli and music. The Bible tells us the baby feels (1 Luke 44), ''"the babe leaps for joy in Elizabeth’s womb at the sound of Mary’s voice."'' The inwomb developing baby, John the Baptist, notices the presence of the unborn [[Lord]] in [[Mary]], and is excited. In addition (St. Paul to the Galatians 1:15), ''"God… from my mother’s womb had set me apart and called me through his grace."'' Paul's very first thought, feeling awareness, began while unborn.

===Embalming===
[[Mark 9-16 (Translated)#14:3|Mark 14:3-8]] describes an embalming process to preserve a body after death, which was not discovered in the West until 1867.

===Significance of blood===
The Old Testament teaches that the [[life]] of all flesh is its [[blood]] ({{Bible ref|book=Leviticus|chap=17|verses=13-14|version=KJV}}). Secular science remained ignorant of the properties and circulation of blood until the 17th century A.D.<ref>[http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12_notes.htm Net Bible: Notes] to [http://wap.bible.org/nbw/deu12.htm#1234 Deuteronomy 12:23] {{dead link}}</ref>

===Menstruation===
The Biblical laws concerning [[menstruation]], including the setting apart of the menstruating woman and the prohibition on intimacy during menstruation, address health concerns that were not known to secular science until the 20th century.<ref name="Neuburger, Max 1910, p. 38">Neuburger, Max. History of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1910, Vol. I, p. 38.</ref> Also, modern science has only very recently discovered that following such rules dramatically reduces the rate of illegitimacy.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604182027.htm How Religion Promotes Confidence About Paternity]</ref>

===Cloning and a Common X Chromosome===
{{Bible ref|book=Genesis|chap=2|verses=21-22|version=KJV}} records that God made a [[woman]] out of one of [[Adam]]'s [[rib]]s. Secular scientists did not believe that [[cloning]] such a complex organism (apart from plants) was possible until 1997.<ref>[http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml Cloning Fact Sheet] {{dead link}}</ref> It should be noted, however, that this is not strictly 'cloning' as a clone would be identical to its original, most obviously in terms of its sex. Women can be cloned from the genetic material of men, but not the other way around, since women lack a Y chromosome. Women have the same X chromosome as men, but this was not discovered until the late 1800s. The Book of Genesis explained this thousands years earlier, describing how the first woman was created directly from man.

===Inbreeding===
Leviticus 18:7-11 elaborates in detail the relationships it regards as incestuous unions, to forbid inbreeding. Only in modern times has secular science caught up and been able to scientifically explain the harm to future generations of inbreeding.

==Cosmology==

===Distance of Oldest Star to Earth===

The Book of Genesis implies that the distance of the oldest star to Earth is how far light would travel during the age of mankind: about 6000 light-years. In 2014, a team of researchers discovered that the oldest star is indeed only 6000 light-years away.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140318194104/http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/6012/the-oldest-star-in-the-known-universe</ref><ref>https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20140218094324908</ref>

===Planet formation===
Theories of an old universe insisted that planet formation did not occur until long after the origin of the universe, contrary to the [[Book of Genesis]]. It was not until 2012 that atheistic scientists recognized and reported that planets formed at the "dawn of the universe," within a small fraction of the universe's age.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2012/0330/Planets-found-at-dawn-of-universe-but-their-existence-is-a-mystery</ref>

===Extraterrestrial life===
For most of the 20th century, scientists typically believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, despite the lack of any reference to it in the Bible. After spending many billions of dollars looking for such life, and investigating countless reports of UFOs, no such life has been found.

===Starlight Problem===
The [[Starlight Problem]] confounds atheistic theories about the universe: light has reached us from stars that are too far away to transmit the light within the age of the universe. But the Book of Genesis explains this easily: "let there be light" means that God created light, not merely stars.

===Number of stars===
The Bible repeatedly refers to the number of stars as being innumerable,<ref>''See'' Genesis 15:5, Jeremiah 33:22 and Hebrews 11:12.</ref> despite scientists insisting throughout most of history that there were only about 6000 stars. In the early 17th century [[Galileo]] turned a telescope to the heavens and discovered a great number of stars that had been previously invisible to the naked eye.<ref>http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/astronomy95/orionpleiades.html</ref>

Not until the 20th century did scientists discover the tremendous number of stars:<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/index.html</ref>

:There are "10 times as many stars as grains of sand on all the world's beaches and deserts," totaling "7 followed by 22 zeros or, more accurately, 70 sextillion.

But even that scientific estimate was much too low. On December 1, 2010, scientists admitted:<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2010/1201/Universe-might-hold-three-times-more-stars-than-previously-thought</ref>

:"a cosmic embarrassment of riches – ''the universe appears to hold three times the number of stars many [[astronomer]]s might have estimated only a year ago''."

===Uniqueness of stars===
Although the use of telescopes to chart the outer-reaches of God's heavenly creation was developed around the 16th century in Europe, the Bible accurately hypothesized that every star is unique.

"There is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory"- 1 Corinthians 15:41 <ref>http://www.clarifyingchristianity.com/science.shtml</ref>

===Spherical Sun and Earth===
The Book of Isaiah establishes that the true shape of the earth is a sphere:
{{cquote|He sits above the sphere of the earth, and its inhabitants look to him like grasshoppers. He stretches out the galaxies like a curtain, spreading them out like a tent to live under: - [[Isaiah 34-42 (Translated)#Chapter 40|Isaiah 40:22 (CBP]])}}

Likewise, with respect to the [[sun]], the Book of Proverbs 8:27 ([[ESV]]) states:
{{cquote|When he established the heavens, ... he drew a circle on the face of the deep}}

The Book of Isaiah was written circa the 8th century BC, and the Book of Proverbs even earlier. This was centuries before Greek philosophers, beginning with [[Pythagoras]], theorized the earth was round, and it was not discovered until 2012 that the sun is perfectly spherical. Astronomers were not able to conclude until well into the second millennium of [[Christ]] that the Earth is also a sphere.

===Earth free floating in space===
The book of Job states that God "hangs the [[Earth]] on nothing." It also contrasts with Greek Mythology's belief that [[Atlas]] holds up the Earth, or ancient Hindu and Native American myths that the Earth was on top of a gigantic turtle.

The Bible presaged the modern view that space is in fact empty, which wasn't known until the dawn of the 20th century when ether theories became disfavored.

===Cosmic Background Radiation===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis Chapter 1]] explains that God created light first, rather than merely stars. A "big bang" would result in light everywhere, without darkness, and without ripples in cosmic background radiation. Yet in the 21st century ripples were discovered in cosmic background radiation, which can only be plausibly explained by recognizing that light was created first.

===Meteoroids===
The Revelation of Saint John notes,
{{cquote|And the second angel sounded, and as it were a great mountain burning with fire was cast into the sea: and the third part of the sea became blood; And the third part of the creatures which were in the sea, and had life, died; and the third part of the ships were destroyed. Revelation 8:8-9 (KJV)}}
This accurately describes meteoroids, essentially large chunks of rock lit on fire by the shock of entering the earth's atmosphere. They were not discovered until 1801, and their composition was not otherwise known until the 20th century.

===Stellar proper movement===
In [[Job]], a list of challenges are constructed in the form of questions, with the idea that man can't do it, but God can. Among these challenges, two are remarkable: one mentions the ''untying'' of Orion's belt, and the other is the ''binding'' of the Pleiades. Only recently, astronomers could measure the proper movement of those stars; Orion's belt is moving apart, with each star going in a different direction, while the Pleiades are moving together.

===Space flight===
Many theorize that the book of [[Ezekiel]] contains descriptions of spaceships and rockets, as they would have been described by someone thousands of years ago. [http://www.spaceshipsofezekiel.com/ Author Blumrich] has even published an entire book about this.

===Expanding universe===
The Bible explains, in 17 different verses, that God "stretched out" the heavens,<ref>http://www.creationists.org/God-streched-out-the-universe-bible-verses.html</ref> in other words, expanding the fabric of space-time from a smaller size to a much larger one. Scientists have discovered only in the last 100 years that, by studying the red shift of galaxies, the universe indeed appears to be expanding, or "stretching out."

==Meteorology==

===Water cycle, and the Six days of Creation Week===
The existence of the water cycle was widely unknown to pagan people's until imperial Roman times. But the Bible described the water cycle over a thousand years before that. In general, see [[Ecclesiastes]] 11:3, [[Job]] 26:8 and [[Amos]] 9:6.

There may be a more Biblically central reference to the water cycle: The reports in Genesis 1 of five things that God names (v. 5=two, v. 8=one, v. 10=two) seem to be consistent with five basic features of the geophysical half of Earth's life-support cycle. In Earth sciences, it is known that the total life-support cycle is irreducibly complex in relation to Earth's distance to the Sun, and this complexity maintained on an order of mere days' reserve: flora and fauna are interdependent, their interaction is necessary for the maintenance of the atmosphere, and if any one of those five features suddenly ceased, Earth would fail to support life in a matter of days.

==Physics==

=== Infinite entropy ===
According to [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]], "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state."—i.e., one of [[infinite]] [[entropy]].

In 2004, physicists at the [[University of Chicago]] solved a long-standing dilemma about the ever-increasing entropy in the universe by postulating that there has always been infinite entropy from the very beginning, which is as Genesis explained.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/816176</ref>

=== Immense power within atoms alluded to in 2 Peter chapter 3 ===
[[Image:Abomb.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|The [[atomic bomb]] that was dropped on [[Hiroshima]] unleashed the equivalent of about 15 kilotons of TNT.]]
The immense power within atoms is alluded to in the Bible in 2 Peter chapter 3.<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>

Daniel White III declares:
{{Cquote|John Phillips notes that Peter’s prophecy of a great, end-times conflagration of the earth and its atmosphere uses precise terminology that accurately describes a nuclear explosion. Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon define the “elements” as “the components into which matter is divided” (or atoms), and the term “dissolved” comes from the basic Greek word meaning to “loose” that which is bound (as in nuclear fission). The term “great noise” is found nowhere else in the New Testament and signifies “a rushing sound of roaring flames.” The term “fervent heat” is derived from a Greek medical term denoting a fever. But Peter’s use of it in application to inanimate objects is the only such known usage anywhere in Greek literature. Thus, Phillips observes, “Peter describes in accurate terms the untying of the atom and the resulting rushing, fiery destruction which follows it.”<ref name="bcnn1wp.wordpress.com">[https://bcnn1wp.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/listen-breaking-prophecy-news-the-world-at-war-part-3-the-prophet-daniels-report-568-with-daniel-whyte-iii/ LISTEN: Breaking Prophecy News; The World at War, Part 3 (The Prophet Daniel’s Report #568 with Daniel Whyte III)]</ref>}}

===Impossibility of a Grand Unified Theory===
Billions of dollars and millions of hours have been wasted by scientists in futile pursuit of a "grand unified theory" for physics. But [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)#Chapter 1|Genesis]] explains that the creation of light was done in a separate, initial creation, free of darkness or entropy, and thus incapable of theoretical unification with matter.

===Light and color===
Prior to the work of [[Isaac Newton]], white was considered to be the fundamental color of light, and other colors (such as red, green and blue) were formed by adding to white light. Under that traditional theory, the fullness of all light (a combination of all colors of light) would result in something other than pure white.

The transfiguration of Jesus is described with remarkable consistency in all three synoptic [[Gospel]]s: in the fullness of light Jesus and his clothing display an intense white, whiter than any bleach could produce. This illustrates what was not discovered and accepted until nearly 1700 years later: that white is the combination of other fundamental colors, and the purest white light is formed by a perfectly full combination (see [[Prism]]).

===Action-at-a-distance===
[[Jesus]] demonstrated [[action-at-a-distance]], as recounted in [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]]. Scientists, particularly [[atheists]], denied the possibility of this phenomenon for thousands of years. When Newton proposed action-at-a-distance as the basis of gravity, scientists continued to reject it, but eventually accepted it as being true.

Later the [[Theory of Relativity]] again denied the possibility of action-at-a-distance, but [[quantum mechanics]] subsequently proved that it does occur.<ref>See also [[Counterexamples to Relativity]].</ref>

===Quantum mechanics===
The fundamental principle of [[quantum mechanics]] is that the underlying reality is in random fluctuation, or chaos, until there is intelligent observation of it. This is precisely what [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#Luke 4:6|Luke 4:6]] reveals when it quotes the [[devil]] in saying that he has dominion over this world.

The world was an abyss of chaos at the moment of creation, as explained in the [[Book of Genesis]]. The order created by God is on a foundation of uncertainty. The discovery of this in subatomic particles in the 1900s, known as quantum mechanics, confirms the nature of the world as described in Genesis.

The Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff, Matthew 13:24-30, describes a fundamental uncertainty that does not resolve itself until there is observation over time, and [[The Parable of the Sower]] likewise foreshadows this insight. The authenticity of a simpler explanation of this parable at Matthew 13:36-43 has been challenged. The parable may refer to a profound and pervasive chaotic struggle between good and evil, or in quantum mechanics the uncertainty in position and energy.

====Resurrection====
Quantum mechanics discovered that particles can change their status in ways prohibited by intuition and traditional laws of physics, as in [[quantum tunneling]]. The logic of quantum mechanics even allows a living being, such as [[Schrödinger's Cat]], to exist in an uncertain state of life and death. The [[Resurrection]] denied by [[atheistic]] scientists is fully allowed by modern quantum mechanics.
====Observation of the wave function====
The second chapter of the [[Gospel of John]] describes the conversion of water into wine by [[Jesus]] at a wedding reception. [[John 1-7 (Translated)#Chapter 2|John 2:9]] states: "When the host of the wedding feast tasted the water, it had been made into wine." This passage implies that the drink was not wine until it had been tasted, or observed. The drink was a superposition of the state of wine and the state of water until it was observed as wine.

In Matthew 16:19, Jesus draws a then-unusual distinction between what is fixed and what is uncertain by declaring, "Whatever you make binding on earth will be binding in heaven, and whatever you set loose on earth will be set loose in heaven."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Matthew_10-19_%28Translated%29&oldid=870778#Chapter_16</ref> This may describe the fundamental uncertainty that continues unless and until there is human observation that then causes the wave function to collapse into a particular ("bound") state.

====Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle====
Both the Old and New Testaments refer to a fundamental [[uncertainty]] that requires observation to resolve, akin to the [[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]] discovered in the 1920s:

* "The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state." -- [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 1:2]].
* "The master refusing to order the removal of the weeds sowed among the wheat because of the uncertainty in distinguishing between the two until later." -- [[Matthew 10-19 (Translated)|Matthew 13:24-30]].

====Wave-particle duality====
Wave-particle duality, not discovered by scientists until the 20th century, is when something is sometimes a wave and sometimes a particle. Subatomic particles have wave-particle duality; so does light.

This is the same as God being a "wave" as the [[Holy Spirit]], and also being matter in the form of [[Jesus]]. An open-minded appreciation of the wave-particle duality of the [[Trinity]] could have opened the eyes of scientists nearly 2000 years sooner to the fundamental wave-particle duality of nature discovered in the 1900s.

Wave-particle duality is also evident in the [[Gospel]] account of Jesus walking on water: [[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:45-54]]. A close reading of the passage reveals the wave-like (or light-like) characteristic of the walking on water:<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)|Mark 6:48-49]] (italics added).</ref>
{{cquote|he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the boat, ''nearly passing it''. But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been ''a ghost'', and cried out.}}
Even today a more open-minded recognition of the truth of the [[Trinity]] would help scientists understand the reality of wave-duality.

====Quantum tunneling====
[[Quantum tunneling]] is the ability of particles to move through energy barriers even though ostensibly impossible based on classical laws of mechanical physics. This was not discovered by scientists until the 20th century.

Jesus proved this was possible in [[John 15-21 (Translated)#Chapter 20|John 20:26]], when he suddenly appeared before the [[Apostles]] in a closed room with completely shut doors. In addition, the explanation of the need for a "great chasm" between [[heaven]] and [[hell]] reinforces the possibility of quantum tunneling, in {{bible ref|Luke|16|26}}.

===Classical relativity===
Romans 10:6-7: But the righteousness that is by faith says: "Do not say in your heart, 'Who will ascend into heaven?'" (that is, to bring Christ down) 7"or 'Who will descend into the deep?'" (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).

Equating ascending into heaven to bringing Christ down is an example of the fact that there is no universal reference frame, and only relative speeds matter.

===Modern relativity===
The [[Theory of Relativity]] denies the possibility of action-at-a-distance. But several passages in the Bible, such as [[John 1-7 (Translated)|John 4:46-54]] and [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)|Matthew 27:51]], describe simultaneous actions from afar.

The list of [[Counterexamples to Relativity]] has grown recently, and modern experiments in quantum mechanics have confirmed action-at-a-distance.

===Second Law of Thermodynamics===
The [[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Book of Genesis]] states that the darkness or chaos in the universe can never overcome the light, or order. This same concept was not discovered in physics until the development of the [[Second Law of Thermodynamics]], which holds that heat (or order or light) always travels in the direction of cold (or disorder or darkness), and never in the opposite direction.

[[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#1:10-11|Hebrews 1:10-11]] explains that the universe shall "wear out" like a "garment", centuries before the discovery of the physical law that [[entropy]] is always increasing.

===Nature of air===
Until about 300 years ago, common knowledge believe that the air was "empty" and didn't weigh anything. But [[Job]] 28:25 states, "To establish a '''weight''' for the wind, And apportion the waters by measure" indicating that the divinely inspired author knew the air had substance and weight.

===Conservative forces===
James 1:17 describes the electromagnetic forces (light) as having no "shadow of turning." Not understood for nearly 2000 years, this predicts that electromagnetic forces are [[conservative]] such that their [[line integrals]] over a closed loop are zero.

===Conservation of mass-energy===
[[Conservation of Energy|Conservation of mass-energy]] is one of the most fundamental laws of [[physics]] and is described in the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-universe-confirms-the-bible/|title=The Universe Confirms the Bible|accessdate=December 24, 2019|publisher=Answersingenesis.org|date=March 6, 2008|author=Dr. Jason Lisle}}</ref> It states that [[energy]] be neither created nor destroyed and instead the amount of energy remains constant. John 1:3 states that all things were created by [[God]] and that nothing has come into existence apart from Him. Moreover, in Genesis 2:2 it states that God ended His work of creation by the seventh day of the [[creation week]]. These passages imply no new material or energy can come into existence.

Secondly, God upholds all things by His sustaining power (Hebrews 1:3) and by Him all things consist (Colossians 1:17). Since neither matter nor energy will cease to exist, this implies that nothing new will come into existence. Together, these four passages imply that nothing new may be created nor anything destroyed: exactly what is described by the law of conservation of energy. There is the possibility of [[miracle]]s, but as supernatural interventions by God, they by definition do not conform to the laws of physics and are exceptions.

==Mathematics==
''See main article: [[Math and the Bible]]''

===Zero===
Mathematicians in Western Europe did not discover [[zero]] until many centuries after the Bible was written. But there are hundreds of references to the concept of zero throughout the Bible.

=== Set theory ===

Set theory was unknown until the devout [[Christian]] [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in the late 1800s to understand [[God]] better. But [[Jesus]] taught, “So the last will be first, and the first last” (Matthew 20:16 [[ESV]]), a concept that is paradoxical ''except'' in set theory. This set-theory concept is also echoed by the repeated references to [[Jesus]] as the "Alpha and the Omega" in the [[Book of Revelation]]. (Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13)

=== Uncountable Sets ===

The existence of an uncountable set was not known in mathematics until [[Georg Cantor]] developed it in a paper published in 1891. But the so-called (and misnamed) [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#12:22|Epistle to the Hebrews]], which was possibly written by [[Jesus]], explains that the number of angels is uncountable.

===Banach-Tarski Paradox===
The only miracle described in all four [[Gospels]] is the multiplication of loaves and fish by Jesus, thought for thousands of years to be a mathematical and physical impossibility. But the 20th century discovery of the so-called [[Banach-Tarski Paradox]] proved a mathematical basis for creating identical copies of an object out of no extra material.

===Axiomatization of Arithmetic===
The full set of axioms for integer arithmetic may be found in the Bible. For example, [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)|Luke 12:52]] is a striking statement of the commutative law for addition: "For from this point forward there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three." This understanding presaged both later attempts at the axiomatization of arithmetic by Peano and the development of [[abstract algebra]] in the 19th and 20th centuries.

===Infinity===
Most thinkers scoffed at the concept of [[infinity]] for thousands of years, despite it being referenced in the Bible in many ways. See, e.g., Psalm 147:4-6 (God's "understanding is infinte"); [[Matthew 20-28 (Translated)#20:1|Matthew 20:1-14]] ([[parable]] of the wages for the workers in the vineyard); Matthew 16:26 (one's soul has an infinite value to him, and nothing else can be worth more).

But [[Georg Cantor]], inspired profoundly by [[Christianity]], established a logical foundation for infinity that revolutionized all of mathematics as a result, with his development of [[set theory]] to accomplish his goal.

The [[New Testament]] contains many references to infinite opportunity. Though denied by [[economics|economists]] and others, infinite opportunity was confirmed by the [[Coase theorem]] as being available to all.

===Calculus===
The Bible emphasizes the importance of limits as a key distinction between this world and God; Calculus consists of relying on limits to derive useful results.<ref>[http://www.aiias.edu/ict/vol_27/27cc_225-239.htm Norie Grace Rivera-Poblete: "''God and Calculus''"], Institute for Christian Teaching Education Department of [[Seventh-day Adventist]], Prepared for the 27th International Faith and Learning Seminar held at Mission, Muak Lek Saraburi, Thailand December 3 – 15, 2000</ref>

James 1:17 states that the first and second derivatives of God's light (truth) is zero, more than 1600 years before calculus was discovered: "with [God] there is no variation or shadow of turning."<ref name="Shadow%252525252525252520of%252525252525252520Turning">[http://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/no-variation-or-shadow-of-turning-calculus-in-the-bible/ Nathan Albright: ''"No Variation Or Shadow Of Turning: Calculus In The Bible"''], Blog-Entry, Feb 24, 2011</ref>

===Arithmetic with Negative Numbers===

Negative numbers were not fully accepted by mathematicians until the 1800s,<ref>http://nrich.maths.org/5961</ref> including how a negative number dominates the result in multiplication with a positive number, to yield a negative outcome. Yet Jesus' [[The Parable of the Sower|parable of the sower and the seed]], in Matthew 13:1-23, Mark 4:1-8, and Luke 8:4-8, explained the same effect nearly 2000 years earlier.

=== Indeterminacy ===

The Bible repeatedly emphasizes that God is "unsearchable". See Job 5:9 (God "does great things and unsearchable"); Job 26:1 ("God's Majesty Is Unsearchable"); Job 36:26 ("Behold, God is great, and we know him not; the number of his years is unsearchable.") Psalm 145:3 ("Great is the Lord, and greatly to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable."); Proverbs 25:3 ("As the heavens for height, and the earth for depth, so the heart of kings is unsearchable."); Isaiah 40:28 ("Have you not known? Have you not heard? The Lord is the everlasting God, the Creator of the ends of the earth. He does not faint or grow weary; his understanding is unsearchable."); Romans 11:33 ("Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!")' Ephesians 3:8 ("to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ").<ref>All quotations are to the ESV of the Bible.</ref>

John 1:1 teaches that logic is part of God, and thus logic itself must also be "unsearchable". For many decades the finest mathematicians thought that the consistency of logic could be proven, until [[Kurt Godel]] (himself a frequent reader of the Bible) proved the indeterminacy, or "unsearchability", of mathematics.

==Sociology==

===Trolls===

The existence of malicious trolls on the internet is difficult to understand, until one reads Matthew 13:24-30 - the Parable of the Wheat and the Chaff.

===Crime===
Mark 4:22 says how nothing can be hid, neither can anything be kept secret. Empirical statistics show that the vast majority of crimes worldwide are solved.

==Sports==

The value of physical exercise was not discovered by secularists until late in the 20th century, but 1 Timothy 4:8 explained this nearly 2000 years earlier: "Physical exercise has some value ...."<ref>Good News Translation</ref>

==Zoology==
===Eyesight of Eagles===
Eagles have the finest eyesight in the entire animal kingdom: "they are able to see and focus in on prey as small as a mouse from up to 3 miles away."<ref>https://advancedfamilyeyecare.com/best-animal-eyes/</ref> This was predicted by the [[Book of Job]]: "its eyes penetrate the distance."<ref>Job 39:29 ([[HCSB]]).</ref>
===Morality of animals===
[[Genesis 1-8 (Translated)|Genesis 3:1-10]] explains that only humans understand good and evil, and clothe themselves because of it. Repeatedly scientists have attempted to demonstrate that animals can understand morality also, but every attempt has failed. No animal (other than humans) has ever been found that clothes itself.

===Existence of dinosaurs===
[[Dinosaur]] fossils were not discovered until the 19th century, but the book of Job describes enormous creatures called behemoth and leviathan, the descriptions being similar to dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures. It may also have referred to another similarly giant now-extinct species. Other dinosaur like creatures mentioned are the cockatrice and satyr <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v15/i2/behemoth.asp</ref>

===Killing methods of lions===
Until the 1970s naturalists believed that lions killed their prey by biting through the neck or by breaking the neck with a swat of a paw, while the Bible says that lions suffocated their prey. (Nahum 2:12) It was not until the 1970s that it was discovered that the [[Bible]] was correct.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BLions87.htm</ref> Lions fit their mouth over the mouth and nose of their prey and hold it while it suffocates, in addition to other killing methods.

===Giant sea creatures and Jonah===
The [[Jonah (Translated)|Book of Jonah]] describes his survival in the belly of a giant sea creature for 2.5 to 3 days. Scientists declared this to be impossible due to powerful stomach acids that quickly break down any material and the lack of breathable air inside marine animals.

In 2010, scientists found the following materials intact in the belly of a gray whale that had died after being stranded on a Northwest beach:<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/19/pair-sweat-pants-garbage-beached-whales-stomach/</ref>

*a pair of sweat pants
*a golf ball
*over 20 plastic bags
*small towels
*duct tape
*surgical gloves

Of course, many sea creatures have gone extinct in the thousands of years since Jonah lived.

===Gender of worker ants===
Proverbs 6:6-8 correctly states the sex of worker [[ant]]s (female), using the correct one of the two [[Grammar#Gender|grammatical genders]] available in Biblical [[Hebrew]]. Secular entomologists would not discover that fact until the 19th century.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rzwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&dq=ant+undeveloped+female+worker+date:1700-1850&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#v=onepage&q&f=false The study of medicine, Volume 5 By John Mason Good]</ref>

=== Harvester ants ===

19th century [[Europe]]an naturalists were wrong about [[ant]] behavior - namely the issue of ants/harvesting (Harvester ants). The Bible was correct about ant behavior.<ref>http://ed5015.tripod.com/BWilliamsvsAnon71to73.htm</ref>

=== Hearing and snakes ===

The scientific consensus and the ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' both indicated that snakes can't hear.<ref>[https://creation.com/snake-charming-and-bible-accuracy Charmed, I’m sure!] by Calvin Smith</ref><ref>[http://ed5015.tripod.com/BCobra94.htm The Cobra and the Bible]</ref> The Bible said that snakes can hear. 21st century research showed that snakes can hear.

=== Vegetarian lion ===

''See also:'' [[Christian/Jewish vegetarianism]] and [[Religion and vegetarianism]] and [[Atheism and veganism]]

The prophet Isaiah says that there will be a time when the [[lion]] will lay down with the lamb and the lion will eat straw like the ox (Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25). There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>
[[File:8790lion-wont-eat-meat.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|There was a vegetarian lion named Little Tyke that refused to eat meat.<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>]]
David Catchpoole wrote at the website of [[Creation Ministries International]]:
{{Cquote|From 1946 to 1955, A female African lion, born and raised in America, lived her entire lifetime of nine years without ever eating meat.1 In fact, her owners, Georges and Margaret Westbeau,2 alarmed by scientists’ reports that carnivorous animals cannot live without meat, went to great lengths to try to coax their unusual pet (‘Little Tyke’) to develop a taste for it. They even advertised a cash reward for anyone who could devise a meat-containing formula that the lioness would like. The curator of a New York zoo advised the Westbeaus that putting a few drops of blood in Little Tyke’s milk bottle would help in weaning her, but the lioness cub refused to touch it—even when only a single drop of blood had been added.

The more knowledgeable animal experts among the many visitors to the Westbeaus’ 100 acre (40 hectare) ranch also proffered advice, but nothing worked. Meanwhile, Little Tyke continued to do extremely well on a daily diet of cooked grain, raw eggs and milk. By four years of age she was fully grown and weighed 352 pounds (160 kg)...

Mr Westbeau’s observation of the lioness that ‘To condition her stomach she would spend an hour at a time eating the succulent tall grass in the fields’, is also a vivid reminder of the prophecies of Isaiah 11:7 and 65:25, ‘ … the lion will eat straw like the ox.’<ref name="The lion who would not eat meat">[https://creation.com/the-lion-that-wouldnt-eat-meat The lion who would not eat meat]</ref>}}

==Linguistics==
[[File:The Tower of Babel by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1563.jpg|thumb|350px|The Tower of Babel by [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder]], 1563.]]
===Common descent theory===
The [[theory of evolution]] suggests that all languages are descended from a common ancestral language, and for a century (1860 to about 1960) scientists clung to that view. But now most linguists identify many different families of languages that have no common ancestor, just as described in Genesis 11 with the [[Tower of Babel]].

===Earliest Hebrew writings===
Skeptics have claimed that [[Hebrew]] writing did not exist before the 6th century B.C. But a recent Israeli archaeological dig dated four centuries earlier, in the 10th century B.C., included an artifact found at Khirbet Qeiyafa in the Elah Valley. This artifact contained a written inscription in Hebrew relating to "slaves, widows and orphans." Haifa University Professor Gershon Galil noted that this disproves the theory that the Bible could not have been written before the 6th century.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref>

==Economics==
===Poverty===
Jesus stated that there will always be poverty,<ref>See Mark 14:7, Matthew 26:11 and John 12.8.</ref> yet [[liberals]] repeatedly insist that poverty can be eliminated with more government spending. Every attempt to eliminate poverty has failed just as Jesus predicted. In 1991 [[Ronald Coase]] won a [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]] for the [[Coase Theorem]], which implies that government attempts to reduced poverty will interfere with efficient operation of the economy, and thereby reduce wealth.

===Socialism and Capitalism===
Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 says that [[capitalism]] is a gift from God:

"Behold that which I have seen: it is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life, which God give the him: for it is his portion. Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour; this is the gift of God."

Similarly, Ecclesiastes 6:1-2 condemns [[socialism]]:

"There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men: A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease."
===Invisible hand===
The "[[invisible hand]]" was not discovered until 1776 by [[Adam Smith]] in his magnum opus ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]''; the invisible hand can be understood as the [[Holy Spirit]] guiding people to productive activity.
===Opportunity cost===
The concept of [[opportunity cost]] is in [[Jesus]]'s teachings, at [[Luke 1-8 (Translated)#6:9|Luke 6:9]] when he observes that it would be [[evil]] not to cure a man's withered hand on the [[Sabbath]], when it is possible to cure it then. Yet in economics the insight of opportunity cost did not develop until 1911.

==Government and Politics==
''See also [[Biblical political foreknowledge]]''

===Nation-state===
Ancient Israel, as described in the [[Old Testament]], was a [[nation-state]] and that model was not utilized again until thousands of years later, well after the Renaissance in Western Europe. This model of a nation-state has become the modern standard worldwide.

===Separation of Powers===
The separation of powers adopted successfully by the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787, with the legislative, executive, and judicial branches having separate authority and jurisdiction, was first described in the Old Testament.<ref>See Jeremiah 17:19 and Isaiah 33:22.</ref>

===Liberal influence on the media===
The Third [[Three Temptations of Christ|Temptation of Christ]] is to bow down and worship the [[Satan]] in exchange for becoming ruler of the world. The media plays that role and its influence is predictably liberal and anti-[[Christian]].

==Engineering==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge about these engineering developments has been proposed:<ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2191</ref>
{{cquote|automobiles (Joel 2:3-4); airplanes (Isaiah 31:5, also 40:31); submarines (Revelation 9:1-11); radio (Ecclesiastes 10:20); and television (Revelation 11:3-12)}}
Classical photography, using negative imaging, was predated by the [[Shroud of Turin]] with respect to the imaging on the Shroud likely due to the light of the [[Resurrection]]. The Shroud ([[Greek]]: σινδών - sindón) is mentioned in three Gospels: Matthew 27:59, Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, while John 20:5-7 talks about a face cloth or napkin ([[Greek]]: σουδάριον - soudárion - perhaps the [[Sudarium of Oviedo]]), and a piece of fine linen ([[Greek]]: ὀθόνιον - othonion). The description by the eyewitness John implies that his sighting of the Shroud may have confirmed his [[faith]], though he doesn't mention its photograph-like image.<ref>John Calvin, who opposed the Catholic Church, wrote a book in 1543 criticizing all material evidence of Jesus and the martyrs. In it he claimed that because the negative image on the Shroud is not described in the Gospels, it must not be authentic. [[John Calvin]]: ''Traité des Reliques'', Geneve 1543, translated by Valerian Krasinski: ''A treatise on Relics'', Edingburgh 1854</ref>

==Alleged "contradictions"==
Biblical scientific foreknowledge is an underpinning of creation science, and is widely credited by Christian scientists and apologists, including the organizations [[Creation Ministries International]],<ref>https://creation.com/modern-medicine Creation Ministries International on "Modern" Medicine</ref> [[Answers in Genesis]],<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp Answers in Genesis on "Modern" Medicine</ref> and [[CreationWiki]].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref>

Atheists and liberals unsuccessfully attempt to discredit the Bible based on science. Here are some examples:

===Value of Pi===
Two sections of the Bible (1 Kings 7, 23–26, 2 Chronicles, 4, 2–5) appear to indicate that the correct value of [[Pi]] is 3, whereas Pi is, in fact, an irrational number, equalling approximately 3.14159. Atheists, including [[Sam Harris]] and [[Richard Dawkins]], allege that this value indicates the fallacious nature of scripture.<ref>[http://richarddawkins.net/articles/139 The Richard Dawkins Foundation, ''Reply to a Christian'', Sam Harris -]</ref> However, a simple explanation of the claimed "contradiction" is that the Bible records the ratio of the actual object which Hiram created, not that of a mathematical [[sphere]]. The claim that it was round all about does not equate to a claim that it was a perfect sphere, as atheists have claimed.<ref>''Theology'', Volume 59, Issues 427-438, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain), London, 1956, p. 23</ref>

Additionally, Pi to one significant digit is 3. Just because the measurement is given to only one significant digit, that does not mean it was precisely that amount.<ref>There are no instances in the Bible where fractions are used.</ref> Of course, since Pi is an irrational number, it would be impossible to give a truly precise measurement. Since decimal notation was not in use in Biblical times, there was no way to express Pi to greater accuracy in the language of the day.

===Bat as a bird===
A favorite [[evolutionist]] canard is that [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:13-19]] labels the [[bat]], a [[mammal]], as a [[bird]]. The [[KJV]] translation of "fowl" is simply incorrect, as the Hebrew term '' 'owph'' did not entail the "clade" of birds, but was a non-scientific category simply referring to ''any'' winged creature. A popular Jewish translation, used to explain the laws of keeping kosher, translates the term as "winged flying things."

===Rabbits, coneys, and cud===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:5-6]], the Bible states, {{cquote|And the coney ''(or hyrax)'', because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.}} Although the term 'chewing the cud' usually means rumination (as seen in cows, for example), skeptics have claimed this is wrong in regards to rabbits and coney behavior. However, these animals do in fact use a similar process called refection. The underlying Hebrew words which are translated as 'chewing the cud' in the King James bible are actually much broader in scope, and mean simply 'to bring up' which is something both rumination and refection do.<ref>https://creation.com/do-rabbits-chew-their-cud</ref><ref>http://carm.org/bible-difficulties/genesis-deuteronomy/do-badger-and-rabbit-chew-cud</ref> This issue in translation is similar to the bats and fowl problem mentioned above.

===Number of legs of insects===
In [[Leviticus 10-18 (Translated)#Chapter 11|Leviticus 11:20-23]], the Bible states, {{cquote|All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.
Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;

Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the
grasshopper after his kind.

But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you.}}While this may appear to indicate that insects have four legs (they have six), the passage is in fact referring to the manner in which the grasshopper moves. Grasshoppers have large back legs mainly used for jumping, and not for walking, which is when it uses its smaller four front legs. Thus, the ancient Hebrews were just describing things as they saw them, not according to scientific nomenclature.

==See also==
*[[Essay:Rebuttal to Biblical scientific foreknowledge]]
*[[Biblical political foreknowledge]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[The Bible]]
*[[Evolution]]
*[[Atheism]]
*[[Prodigal Son]]

==External links==
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Biblical scientific foreknowledge] by [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/scientific-consensus-and-evolutionary.html Jesus vs. the scientific consensus and evolution. Jesus wins!]
* "Ten of the Top Scientific Facts in the Bible", Living Waters Films with Ray Comfort. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2sMJMXDiH4]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Conservative Bible|*]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

{{Creation vs. evolution}}

Failed climate change predictions

2023-07-03T21:34:32Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Snow decline */ lake tahoe supposedly has global warming signs - thankfully 52 feet of snow came last winter

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2019, the Reno Gazette-Journal was fearmongering about rising temperatures in [[Lake Tahoe]] due to manmade global warming.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spillman |first=Benjamin |date=2019-07-19 |title=Climate 'vulnerability assessment' describes daunting challenges for Tahoe Basin |url=https://www.rgj.com/story/news/2019/07/19/depressing-tahoe-climate-report-also-call-action/1761093001/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Reno Gazette Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Luckily for them, this should not be a concern, because in the winter season of 2022-2023, the region saw a whopping 52 feet of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Jacob |date=2023-03-12 |title=52 feet and counting: Lake Tahoe grapples with ‘ginormous’ snowpack |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/03/12/52-feet-and-counting-lake-tahoe-grapples-with-ginormous-snowpack/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-25T17:50:58Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Ketuvim */ black and beautiful in song of songs

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*The "black and beautiful" as described in [[Song of Songs]] at [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16445/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v5 [Song of Songs 1:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] was ambiguous to Western and Middle Eastern thinkers for a long time, but following restablishment of contact with the Ethiopian Beta Israel, it has been theorized that the "black and beautiful" is a reference to the [[Queen of Sheba]], who visited [[King Solomon]] according to Ethiopian historical accounts.<ref>{{cite book |title=The complete guide to the Bible |last=Miller |first=Stephan M. |page=175}}</ref> In the [[2 Chronicles 1-9 (Translated)|second book of Chronicles]], it is stated that she shared royal gifts with Solomon. The 14th century Ethiopic work ''Kebra Nagast'', it is stated that her son, the offspring of Solomon, visited him as an adult and Solomon acknowledged him as his rightful son.
*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-21T14:15:47Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Snow decline */ 1890 philly winters getting warmer?

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1890, climatologists in Philadelphia claimed that winters were getting apparently warmer with each passing year, shown in a decline in purchases of ice skates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1890-01-21 |title=Winters Growing Warmer. |pages=2 |work=The Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-climate-change-causing-warme/49934665/ |access-date=2023-06-21}}</ref> Despite this, in the past 100 years, yearly low temperatures from the 1920s in Philadelphia are regularly met with each passing year in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia PA Lowest Temperature Each Year - Current Results |url=https://www.currentresults.com/Yearly-Weather/USA/PA/Philadelphia/extreme-annual-philadelphia-low-temperature.php |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=www.currentresults.com}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-19T18:15:27Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Nevi'im */ nehemiah's wall excavation

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*A 2005 excavation of a Persian-era tower in Jerusalem was shown to be near-identical in detail to the structure described around [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16513/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v15 [Nehemiah 6:15<nowiki>]</nowiki>] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Is This Nehemiah’s Wall? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/902-is-this-nehemiahs-wall |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-19T14:13:57Z

Ethan Parmet: oakland evening tribune disproving climate change in 1888

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

"Several dark, cloudy mornings in succession have brought to the front the weatherwise contingent who declare that the climate is changing, and that they never knew such weather in May. There is not the slightest reliance to be placed on weather sharps, unless they have accurate records to back their recollections. Such records as have been kept wholly disprove the not uncommon assertion that the climate is changing, and show that the average of temperature, of barometic pressure, of coudy and clear days, and of climate generally, is just about the same, year in and year out." - Oakland Tribune, 23 May 1888<ref>{{Cite news |date=1888-05-23 |title=Several |pages=6 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/oakland-tribune-refuting-climate-change/33910242/ |access-date=2023-06-19}}</ref>

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-18T23:33:41Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Global cooling */ is san francisco getting colder? (spoiler: no)

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1883, some San Francisco residents and officials spread the perception that San Francisco was becoming colder with the passing of time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-09-04 |title=Climate Changes. |pages=2 |work=The Meriden Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-meriden-daily-republican-cold-weathe/115842074/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> Historical data shows that the average temperature of San Francisco has not changed one bit in the past 100 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Temperature in San Francisco by Year |url=https://www.extremeweatherwatch.com/cities/san-francisco/average-temperature-by-year |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.extremeweatherwatch.com}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-18T23:04:03Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Pollution */ claim that all animal life would be extinct by 1900 due to coal

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1880, a writer for the British magazine ''Nature'' suggested that by the year 1900, all animal life would cease to exist as a result of pollution from burning coal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-01-06 |title=Pollution of the Air. |pages=2 |work=The Daily Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-republican/34727497/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> It has been more than 120 years since the deadline for that prediction, and animal life has ceased to cease.
*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-18T23:00:58Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Season shifting/Hurricane season */ tornadoes in kansas

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane & Tornado season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1880, newspapers claimed that manmade activity has contributed to the development of tornadoes in [[Kansas]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-09-22 |title=Climate Changes |pages=1 |work=Pickens County Herald and West Alabamian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pickens-county-herald-and-west-alabamian/13690595/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> This notion is heavily misguided, as tornadoes have been a large part of Kansan geography since before European settlement, with the first Kansan tornado documented by settlers in the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-14 |title=Frontier Tornadoes |url=https://www.notesfromthefrontier.com/post/frontier-tornadoes |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Frontier |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T15:15:16Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Nevi'im */

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T15:14:59Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Nevi'im */

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T15:14:40Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Nevi'im */

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T15:14:04Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Nevi'im */ generated proper citations using wikitool

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1949-02-01 |title=The Story of Jericho, by John Garstang and J. B. E. Garstang |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Commentary Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seiglie |first=Mario |date=1997-07-29 |title=The Bible and Archaeology: Archaeology and the Book of Joshua—The Conquest |url=https://www.ucg.org/good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=United Church of God |language=en}}</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Youngblood |first=Ronald F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ |pages=1099 |title=Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition |date=2014-11-04 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |isbn=978-0-529-10624-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schrader |first=Eberhard |url=http://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6 |pages-99-100 |title=Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament [microform] |date=1872 |publisher=Giessen : J. Ricker |others=University of Chicago}}</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC |pages=127 |title=Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography |last2=Kangas |first2=Steven E. |date=2010 |publisher=UPNE |isbn=978-1-58465-817-7 |language=en}}</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists prove biblical Israel invasions via Earth magnetic field |url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>{{Cite web |first=André |last=Lemaire |date=2011-07-25 |title=“House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725184126/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=cojs.org}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isaac |first=David |date=2022-09-06 |title=Rare First Temple period ivories discovered in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=JNS.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite news |title=2,600 year old seal discovered in City of David |language=en-US |work=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321 |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Bari |date=2019-03-30 |title=The Story Behind a 2,600-Year-Old Seal |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Joffe |first=Lawrence |date=2008-11-25 |title=Avraham Biran |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary |access-date=2023-06-18 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Ezekiel's Daniel? Bible.org |url=https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bible.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-24 |title=Texts from Ugarit Solve Biblical Puzzles |url=https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5 |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The BAS Library |language=en}}</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinmeyer |first=Nathan |date=2023-05-05 |title=The Lachish Letters - Biblical Archaeology Society |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Biblical Archaeology Society - |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borschel-Dan |first=Amanda |title=Archaeologists unearth 1st Jerusalem evidence of quake from Bible’s Book of Amos |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T15:04:32Z

Ethan Parmet: generated proper citations for deuteronomy and ketuvim with wikitool

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Dt |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921043435/https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=indubiblia.org}}</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>https://www.ucg.org/the-good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1099#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>https://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6/page/n109/mode/2up</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453?utm_source=ActiveCampaign&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Archaeologists+prove+invasions+of+biblical+Israel+with+Earth+s+magnetic+field&utm_campaign=October+25%2C+2022+Day</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120331134523/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem</ref><ref>https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel</ref><ref>https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MOORE |first=CAREY A. |date=1975 |title=Archaeology and the Book of Esther |url=https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023 |website=Andrews.edu |publisher=[[Gettysburg College]] |page=69}}</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |date=15 Aug 2020 |title=Evidence for Ruth's Famine—From Ancient Pollen? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T14:58:44Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Exodus */ generated proper citations using wikitool

The [[Bible]] is mistakenly regarded as a work of [[fiction]] by most modern-day historians and scholarly communities, in regards to both the divine nature it tells, as well as the actual veracity of the stories being told.

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.
*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>
*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>
*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>{{Cite web |last=Windle |first=Bryan |date=2021-07-16 |title=Top Ten Discoveries Related to Abraham |url=https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Bible Archaeology Report |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-20 |title=Amraphael or Amraphel – Amazing Bible Timeline with World History |url=https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, an excavation in the ancient city of Tall el-Hammam in modern-day [[Jordan]] shows what seems to be evidence of a bronze-age city being destroyed by a meteor, which aligns with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah being destroyed by God.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2021-09-29 |title=Tunguska-Sized Impact Destroyed Jordan Valley City 3,670 Years Ago Sci.News |url=https://www.sci.news/archaeology/tall-el-hammam-10116.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Sci.News: Breaking Science News |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8213/jewish/Chapter-18.htm#v21 [Genesis 18:21<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Until relatively recently in modern history (last 200 years), scholars failed to identify the modern-day [[Hittites]] through extra-biblical sources. In 1906, Hugo Winckler discovered [[Cuneiform]] inscriptions of Hittite origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hittites - A Civilisation Lost and Found |url=https://www.hopechannel.com/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.hopechannel.com |language=en}}</ref> Hittites were mentioned thousands of years earlier through biblical sources. [https://www.hopechannel.com/au/read/the-hittites-a-civilisation-lost-and-found [Genesis 26:34<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, Assyrian stone tablets from the city of Mari in modern-day Syria reference [[Nahor]], the grandfather of Abraham, who is referenced in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v26 [Genesis 11:26<nowiki>]</nowiki>].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kettley |first=Sebastian |date=2021-01-09 |title=Archaeology proves the Bible 'stands up to scrutiny' claims expert |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1381279/archaeology-news-evidence-patriarch-abraham-family-tree-bible-proof-evg |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Express.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*The Nuzi texts of the late 2nd millennium B.C. display remarkable similarity to customs and laws of the biblical [[Patriarch (biblical)|patriarchs]] in mid-Genesis<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuzi - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Nuzi |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.biblegateway.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Evidence - Faith Facts - Faith Facts |url=https://www.faithfacts.org/search-for-truth/maps/archaeological-and-external-evidence |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.faithfacts.org}}</ref> such as the cohabitation of handmaidens for the purpose of having children [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8211/jewish/Chapter-16.htm#v4 [Genesis 14:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>], the use of oral will via deathbed [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8222/jewish/Chapter-27.htm#v7 Genesis 27:7], and the use of idols for inheritance [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8226#v19 [Genesis 31:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>].
*The city of Harran, where Abraham moved to following his departure from Ur, is an established place in Turkey<ref>Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. Pindar Press. ISBN 978-0-907132-52-3.</ref> that is close in proximity to Suruç and Nahor, which are named after his great-grandfather and grandfather respectively.
*Archaeological sources state that the city of [[Shechem]] was founded around 1900 B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Ephraim |title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land |url=https://www.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/527734/NEAEHL-Shechem.pdf |website=mq.edu |publisher=Israel Exploration Society}}</ref> This is in line with when Abraham had built an altar to God there during the middle of his life. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8176/jewish/Chapter-12.htm#v6 [Genesis 12:6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*Abraham bought a cave from Ephron the Hittite for 400 shekels as a burial site for his family. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8218/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v9 [Genesis 23:9<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Similar types of real estate transactions are displayed in the [[Ugaritic|Ugaritic Texts]], with 400 shekels having been a common denomination of money for such a purchase.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarna |first=Nahum M. |date=1982 |title=Genesis Chapter 23: The Cave of Machpelah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27908757 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=23 |pages=17–21 |issn=0146-4094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stieglitz |first=Robert R. |date=1979 |title=Commodity Prices at Ugarit |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/598945 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=15–23 |doi=10.2307/598945 |issn=0003-0279}}</ref>The "shekel" was believed to originally be a weighted measurement of ''hacksilber'', rather than a denominated currency. A later discovery of silver from around 1,600 BC (around the time of Abraham's death) confirmed the belief in early Israel having used hacksilber measurements.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lidman |first=Melanie |title=Newly analyzed 3,600-year-old silver pieces are 1st currency in Levant, study shows |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/study-claims-hoards-of-3600-year-old-cut-silver-pieces-are-first-currency-in-levant/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Exodus ==

*Hyksos Scarabs in Shiqmona (now [[Haifa]]) reference "Jacob-El", possibly as a local ruler, and refer to the 12 tribes of [[Jacob]] (Israel)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In 1986, Manfred Bietak found archeological evidence of [[Joseph]] in the Avaris archaeological site in Egypt. A tomb of a non-Egyptian, Asiatic ruler was found with evidence of multi-colored garments (much like Joseph's multicolored coat). The tomb (which has no bones, which makes sense considering that the bones of Joseph were taken back to Israel [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9874#v19 [Exodus 13:19<nowiki>]</nowiki>]), dates to around 200 years before [[the Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statue of Biblical Joseph found: Story covered up! |url=http://blogs.timesofisrael.com/statue-of-biblical-joseph-found-story-covered-up/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=blogs.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Barbara Bell of the Harvard College Observatory concluded that during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, erratic water levels in the [[Nile]] led to crop failure. The 12th Dynasty aligns quite closely with when Joseph would have lived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Barbara |title=The Dark Ages in Ancient History - 1. The First Dark Age in Egypt |url=http://gizapyramids.org/static/pdf%20library/bell_aja_75_1971.pdf |access-date=18 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSS - Biblical Archaeology - Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt |url=https://bibleandscience.com/archaeology/exodus.htm |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=bibleandscience.com}}</ref>
*In the early 20th century, at the Serabit el-Khadim archaeological site, an inscription was found on one of the proto-sinaitic tablets (Sinai 361), dating back to the 15th century B.C., that mentions the name of [[Moses]], who appears in Exodus during the story of the exile of the Jews from Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |last=carlpage |date=2017-01-19 |title=Discoveries Indicate Hebrew was World’s Oldest Alphabet - Part 3 |url=https://www.patternsofevidence.com/2017/01/19/new-discoveries-indicate-hebrew-was-worlds-oldest-alphabet-part-3/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Patterns of Evidence |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Laws dealing with the killing of oxen in the Eshnunnic law written in the 20th Century B.C. are strikingly similar to paralleled laws in Exodus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yaron |first=Reuven |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVvAkZHATkC |pages=292 |title=The Laws of Eshnunna |date=1988 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08534-3 |language=en}}</ref> These laws would not have been known to the Canaanites if the Bible were written some 1400 years after the cultural context surrounding similar laws. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/9882#v28 [Exodus 21:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*There is a stark lack of physical evidence of the physical Exodus of the Jews from Egypt compared to other events in the Bible. This is possibly due to the environment in which they fled. Around 2013, a vehicle used 40 years ago in the Yom Kippur was uncovered under 52 feet (or 16 meters) of sand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Exodus Is Not Fiction |url=https://reformjudaism.org/exodus-not-fiction |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Reform Judaism |language=en}}</ref> If that is the rate of sinking in the desert, it would be much more difficult to uncover artifacts from an Exodus from over 3000 years ago. If the rate of sinking was constant to what it was during the sample period of the vehicle, any evidence of the Exodus would be over 3,900 feet (1,300 meters) below the surface, or around 75% of a mile.

== Deuteronomy ==

*The format of Deuteronomy reads in a similar format to the [[suzerain]] feudal piety writings issued during the [[Bronze Age]], which would make sense in a Biblical context for God issuing instruction to the Hebrews.<ref>https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt#h.p_ID_114</ref>

== Nevi'im ==

*In the [[Book of Joshua]], The Lord told Joshua that he would sound his horn and the wall of Jericho would fall [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15790#v5 [Joshua 6:5<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. The site was discovered by John Garstang in the early 1930s.<ref>https://www.commentary.org/articles/theodor-gaster/the-story-of-jericho-by-john-garstang-and-j-b-e-garstang/</ref>
*[[Radiocarbon dating]] of burnt charcoal supports the evidence in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15890/jewish/Chapter-6.htm#v1 [I Kings 6:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] that the city of Jericho was burned around 480 years after the Jews had left Goshen.<ref>https://www.ucg.org/the-good-news/the-bible-and-archaeology-archaeology-and-the-book-of-joshua-the-conquest</ref>
*Rezon, son of Eliada, conquered the land of Syria in I Kings. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15895/jewish/Chapter-11.htm#v23 [I Kings 11:23<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He is historically associated with Hezion, who ascended to the throne of Aram Damascus in the 8th Century B.C.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=_cEjBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1099#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
*Multiple times, in [[I Kings]], Hadadezer, King of Aram Damascus in the 9th Century B.C., is referenced [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15904/jewish/Chapter-20.htm#v1 [I Kings 20:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (one example). His name was found in the Kurkh Monoliths, discovered in [[Turkey]] in the 19th century.<ref>https://archive.org/details/MN41886ucmf_6/page/n109/mode/2up</ref> The monolithic inscription dates to 300 years before I Kings was written.
*In I Kings, Jehu, son of Omri is present. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v16 [I Kings 19:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>] His identity is confirmed by the discovery of the Black Obelisk, which was created sometime in the mid 820s B.C.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
*Hazael, King of Aram-Damascus, attacked Israelites in the 9th century B.C. Scientists were able to take burn fragments from the era, and by recreating the intensity of the magnetic field around that time period, they were able to date them to the attack as depicted in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15903/jewish/Chapter-19.htm#v17 [I Kings 19:17<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/article-720453?utm_source=ActiveCampaign&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Archaeologists+prove+invasions+of+biblical+Israel+with+Earth+s+magnetic+field&utm_campaign=October+25%2C+2022+Day</ref>
*In 1868, the [[Moabite|Moabite Stone]], also known as the Mesha Stele, was discovered in Israel, and dated to the 9th Century B.C. It references the battles of Mesha, King of Moab, which is accounted in [[II Kings]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120331134523/http://www.cojs.org/pdf/house_of_david.pdf</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15909/jewish/Chapter-3.htm#v4 [II Kings 3:4<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In II Kings, Asaiah, servant to the King of Judah, is mentioned [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15928/jewish/Chapter-22.htm#v12 [II Kings 22:12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. A seal featuring his name was found dated to the 7th century.<ref>Hallo, William W., ed. (1997–2002). The Context of Scripture. Brill. ISBN 9789004131057. OCLC 902087326. (3 Volumes)</ref>
*"Nethan-Melech" is described as an official of [[Josiah]] during [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15929/jewish/Chapter-23.htm#v11 [II King 23:11<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. Nethan, who would have lived around the 7th century BC, had his existence confirmed by the discovery of an agate seal dated to the 7th century BC that says "Natan-Melech, servant of the King".<ref>https://www.jns.org/rare-first-temple-period-ivories-discovered-in-jerusalem</ref><ref>https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/2600-year-old-seal-discovered-in-city-of-david-585321</ref><ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html</ref>
*In the [[Book of Isaiah]], the city of Laishah [[Dan]] is mentioned in [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15941/jewish/Chapter-10.htm#v30 [Isaiah 10:30<nowiki>]</nowiki>]. This corresponds with Avraham Biran's 1993 discoveries of the Davidic dynasty in Israel.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/25/archaeology-avraham-biran-israel-obituary</ref>
*For a long time, many scholars believed there was an [[anachronism]] in the [[Book of Ezekiel]] due to the fact that he mentions [[Daniel]], who most likely would not have been well known at the time [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16112/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v14 [Ezekiel 14:13<nowiki>]</nowiki>], but the discovery of the Ugaritic Texts in 1930 that date to the 13th Century B.C. might explain and allow for a Daniel that Ezekiel would have been aware of.<ref>https://bible.org/article/who-ezekiels-daniel</ref><ref>https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/36/6/5</ref>
*The Lachish letters discovered in 1935 mention a man named Konyahu who travelled down to Egypt regarding a prophet that sent a message to the sender during the years immediately proceeding the destruction of the Judean government in the 6th century, BC. The [[Book of Jeremiah]], which takes place during that timeframe, mentions an Elnatan ben Achbor, who goes to down Egypt to retrieve the prophet Uriah for execution.<ref>https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ancient-israel/the-lachish-letters/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16023/jewish/Chapter-26.htm#v20 [Jeremiah 26:20<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
*In 2021, archaeological researchers found evidence of an earthquake in Jerusalem during the 8th Century B.C., as predicted in the [[Book of Amos]]. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16173/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Amos 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]<ref>https://www.timesofisrael.com/archaeologists-unearth-1st-jerusalem-evidence-of-quake-from-bibles-book-of-amos/</ref>

== Ketuvim ==

*In the [[Book of Esther]], many details, such as the borders of the empire of [[Xerxes I The Great|Xerxes]] (or Ahasuerus in Hebrew) and the court life of the King match up with the writings of [[Herodotus]] and contemporary Persian sources.<ref>https://www.andrews.edu/sem/inministry/uploads/2014coursesyllabi/archaeology_and_esther-moore.pdf</ref>
*In the [[Book of Ruth]], the first verse describes a famine in the land. [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16453/jewish/Chapter-1.htm#v1 [Ruth 1:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] In 2013, scientists found pollen grain evidence that points to a [[Levant]]ic famine around the end of the 2nd millennium, B.C., which is when [[Book of Judges|Judges]] takes place.<ref>https://armstronginstitute.org/270-evidence-for-ruths-famine-from-ancient-pollen</ref>

== See also ==

[https://patternsofevidence.com/ Patterns of Evidence] 

[https://web.archive.org/web/20110827155143/http://www.probe.org/site/c.fdKEIMNsEoG/b.4955427/k.3D58/Archaeology_and_the_Old_Testament.htm Archaeology and the Old Testament]

[https://blog.rose-publishing.com/2016/01/21/7-archaeology-proofs-for-the-book-of-genesis-you-need-to-know/#.Y1auAfzMJPY 7 Archaeological Proofs for Genesis]

[https://www.bibleandscience.com/archaeology/introduction.htm Bible and Science - Biblical Archaeology]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=tBEYAAAAYAAJ Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament - Robert William Rogers]

[https://books.google.com/books?id=YItCAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover Extra-Biblical Sources for Hebrew and Jewish History - Samuel Alfred Browne Mercer]

[https://inductive.indubiblia.org/old-testament/deuteronomy-1/archeology-dt Inductive Bible Study - Archaeology Deuteronomy]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:History]]

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T14:54:12Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Genesis */ generated proper citations using wikitool

Extra-Biblical evidence of Biblical events

2023-06-18T14:47:06Z

Ethan Parmet: generated proper citations for lead and part of genesis using wikitool

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-18T00:12:52Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Warming climate */ rheumatism connection with climate change

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1880, the Knoxville Daily Chronicle claimed that a warming climate was causing more Americans to develop Rheumatism,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1880-02-08 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=4 |work=Knoxville Daily Chronicle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/knoxville-daily-chronicle-climate-change/67097027/ |access-date=2023-06-18}}</ref> and modern studies have corroborated that in a lack of air conditioning, higher temperatures and humidity levels can exacerbate symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-03 |title=Arthritis and Weather: Is There a Connection? |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/arthritis-weather |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Healthline |language=en}}</ref>Due to this correlation, one would expect levels of RA to rise given the claims of modern climate scientists, but studies show that the prevelancy of RA is declining in the United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Patberg |first=Wiebe R. |last2=Rasker |first2=Johannes J. |date=Jul 2004 |title=Weather effects in rheumatoid arthritis: from controversy to consensus. A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229951/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=1327–1334 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=15229951}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-17T17:38:46Z

Ethan Parmet:

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 18th century, and really kicking off with warming hysteria in the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]

Failed climate change predictions

2023-06-17T17:36:58Z

Ethan Parmet: /* Season shifting/Hurricane season */ sugar tree blooming times from the republic

Throughout the years, the [[mainstream media]] has predicted major climate disasters many times over, with many being disproven by time simply passing. The goalpost has continued to move as they have been proven incorrect. They claim that manmade changes will help stunt the impending disasters, which seem to not end up happening anyways.

While predictions for the future are a relatively modern phenomenon climate-wise, there are examples of climate panic going back as far as the 1930s. [[The Observer]], a newspaper in London, claimed in 1937 that Europe's climate was drastically warming, saying that their climate within the last 5 years has "no parallel for [nearly] a century and a half", referring to the late 1770s and early 1780s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1937-11-07 |title=Has Europe's Climate Changed? |pages=20 |work=The Observer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-observer-1937-nov-7-climate-change/85533992/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

The beginning of these predictions in the modern sense, saw a revitalization on [[Earth Day]], in 1970. It began with fears of a [[global cooling]] that slowly, over time, evolved to concerns of [[global warming]] once it became evident that they were incorrect in their initial predictions.

In the modern day, most predictions about climate change center around either greenhouse gases for terms of global warming, or microplastics in terms of changes to the environment. Climate policy, such as the [[Paris Climate Agreement]], is often dictated by predictions of scientists who make these predictions and projections regarding the environment and weather, but as is shown in the list below, The Science™ is often unreliable or inaccurate. A great example of their inaccuracy comes from the assertions of former [[National Weather Service]] (then called the Weather Bureau) head C.F. Marvin, who stated that "There may be trends of hotter, or colder, or drier, or wetter weather for several years, but on the whole, weather balances to about a constant factor."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-08-08 |title=No Premanent Climate Change in Two Centuries |pages=2 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch/89556922/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> He then cited an example of climate scientists at the time predicting global increases in temperature, despite the fact that 8 years prior, in 1922, Washington D.C. received more than 25 inches of snow in 24 hours, which was more than had ever been recorded in New York, Chicago, Boston, or St. Paul since the NWS had began keeping records of snowfall in 1870.

Due to the nature of this article, many major climate predictions may be absent, as these are predictions that have been disproven by the advance of time, and therefore are archaic in nature. Obviously incorrect predictions made in recent years by people such as [[Greta Thunberg]] will not be present until enough time has passed that they are evidently wrong.

== Ice caps ==

*In 1931, the Times Union expressed concern over a seemingly smaller number of icebergs than reported 20 years earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1931-05-28 |title=Fewer Icebergs Cited |pages=12 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-climate-change/76865712/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This has been proven to be a fallible metric for determining actual loss of glacial ice due to raw numbers of glaciers not providing any information in the physical amount of ice dispersed among the icebergs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-04 |title=Fact Check-Comparisons of glacier counts are not a reliable indicator of climate change |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-climate-change-idUSL1N2RV20T |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the New Castle News of New Castle, Pennsylvania, claimed that Alaska's [[permafrost]] was receding away from the south.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-02-07 |title=Says Climate Changes Occur|pages=4 |work=New Castle News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-castle-news-new-castle-news-new-cas/36628652/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2008, surveyors found that 85% of the state was still completely covered in permafrost, and that only the most southern parts of the state, as well as some inland moving rivers had land that was not frozen the entire year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geologic Hazards - Permafrost {{!}} Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys |url=https://dggs.alaska.gov/hazards/permafrost.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=dggs.alaska.gov}}</ref>
*In 1972, Bernt Balchen predicted that the Arctic would be ice-free by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1972-05-16 |title=North Pole Melting, Arctic Expert Says |pages=21 |work=The York Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-north-pole/110868583/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1999, the Birmingham Post predicted that the Himalayas would melt by 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-07-26 |title=Glaciers may disappear within a decade |pages=5 |work=The Birmingham Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-birmingham-post-himalayas/110824051/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2006, German magazine [[Der Spiegel]] claimed that climate change could cause the extinction of the [[Baltic]] ringed seal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-06-02 |title=Erwärmung bedroht Ostsee-Robben |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/erwaermung-bedroht-ostsee-robben-a-1866606d-0002-0001-0000-000047134816 |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref>, but in April of 2013, Swedish newspaper "The Local" reported a record late freezing period in the Baltic region during the springtime.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 Apr 2013 |title=Late-season freeze sets Baltic ice record |work=The Local |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20130405/47154/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gosselin |first=P. |title=Baltic Sea Sets March Ice Record…”Never Seen This Much Ice This Late In The Season” |url=https://notrickszone.com/2013/04/06/baltic-sea-sets-march-ice-record-never-seen-this-much-ice-this-late-in-the-season/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*In 2008, [[James Hansen]] predicts that the arctic will be ice free by 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |date=24 Jun 2008 |title=NASA scientist: 'We're toast' |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=20080624&id=7mgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7qkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5563,4123490 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.google.com |page=7}}</ref>
*In 2009, former vice president of the United States [[Al Gore|Al Gore]] predicted that ice caps would be gone by 2014. <ref>{{Citation |last=FORA.tv |title=Al Gore Warns Polar Ice May Be Gone in Five Years |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsioIw4bvzI |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en}}</ref>
*Around 2010, [[Glacier National Park]] placed a sign saying that the park will have melted by 2020. In 2020, they removed the sign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Glacier National Park is removing "glaciers will be gone by 2020" signs |url=https://www.krtv.com/news/montana-and-regional-news/glacier-national-park-is-removing-glaciers-will-be-gone-by-2020-signs |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=KRTV NEWS Great Falls |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2012, [[Climate alarmism|climate alarmist]] Peter Wadhams predicted the collapse of arctic sea ice by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clare |first=Horatio |date=2016-08-21 |title=A Farewell to Ice by Peter Wadhams review – climate change writ large |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/aug/21/farewell-to-ice-peter-wadhams-review-climate-change |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2013, US Naval Intelligence and fellow scientists conducted a study similar to Wadhams that claimed that the [[arctic circle]] could experience ice-free summers by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Nafeez |date=2013-12-09 |title=US Navy predicts summer ice free Arctic by 2016 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2013/dec/09/us-navy-arctic-sea-ice-2016-melt |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Rising sea levels ==

*In 1869, newspapers claimed that the [[Great Salt Lake]] was growing in size at an extra foot of elevation every year, stating that irrigation would no longer be necessary to cultivate crops in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1869-08-26 |title=The Mormons to be Drowned Out |pages=1 |work=The San Francisco Examiner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-climate-chang/123518505/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, researchers at [[Brigham Young University]] pivoted in the other direction, saying that the Great Salt Lake will be gone by 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Great Salt Lake is shrinking. What can we do to stop it? |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/great-salt-lake-shrinking-utah-drought |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, biologist Paul Ehrlich predicted that the [[United Kingdom]] would be an archipelago of hungry people by 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight |first=Robert |date=30 May 2011 |title=KNIGHT: Doomsday prophets who never say they’re sorry |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/may/30/doomsday-prophets-who-never-say-theyre-sorry/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1988, climatologists claim that the Maldives will be underwater by 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1988-09-26 |title=Threat to islands |work=Canberra Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article102074798 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1988, Climatologist James Hansen predicted that the West Side Highway in Manhattan would be submerged underwater by 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2009-10-23 |title=A little known 20 40 year old climate change prediction by Dr. James Hansen – that failed will likely fail badly • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/10/22/a-little-known-but-failed-20-year-old-climate-change-prediction-by-dr-james-hansen/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1989, UN environmental officials claims that entire nations would be "wiped off the face of the earth" if climate change went unchecked by 2000. Over 20 years later, this has yet to happen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=A senior U.N. environmental official says entire nations could be wiped off the face of the Earth by rising sea levels if the global warming trend is not reversed by the year 2000. |url=https://apnews.com/article/bd45c372caf118ec99964ea547880cd0 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref> Even liberal fact checkers admit fault with this statement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Did UN Official Say Nations Would Vanish If Global Warming Not Reversed by 2000? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nations-vanish-global-warming/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Snopes |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2003, Pentagon scientists predicted that many parts of California would be completely underwater as part of a new delta by the year 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Peter |last2=Randall |first2=Doug |date=Oct 2003 |title=An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United
States National Security |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407042846/http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-07 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=climate.org}}</ref>
*In 2005, ABC predicts that NYC will be underwater by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FLASHBACK: ABC's ’08 Prediction: NYC Under Water from Climate Change By June 2015 |url=https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2015/06/12/flashback-abcs-08-prediction-nyc-under-water-climate-change-june |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsbusters |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2017, the president of the Maldives claimed that his country would be submerged under water by 2024. As of 2022, current trends with sea level rise dictate this improbable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An aerial view of the Maldive Islands |url=https://www.earth.com/image/maldive-islands-aerial-view/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Earth.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Greenhouse gases ==

*In 1974, a scientist tells congress that ozone depletion will cause "great peril" and that rates of skin cancer could increase to 8,000 extra people per year by 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoff |first=Daniel |date=1976 |title=Aerosols and the Atmosphere |url=https://scholarworks.uni.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2321&context=istj |journal=Iowa Science Teachers Journal |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=25 |via=scholarworks.uni.edu}}</ref>
*In 1990, Bill Kurtis of PBS predicted that increasing greenhouse gas usage would cause the rainforests of Madagascar would be gone by 2000.<ref>https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1990-01-15-2734810-story.html</ref>
*In 2006, [[the Telegraph]] reported "global doom" centered in Europe after a reported "hottest year" on record in almost 350 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfield |first=Roger |date=14 Dec 2006 |title=The hottest year since 1659 spells global doom |url=https://12ft.io/proxy?q=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1536852/The-hottest-year-since-1659-spells-global-doom.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
*In 2006, following the release of "[[An Inconvenient Truth]]", former Vice President Al Gore stated that humanity had until 2016 to reduce GG emissions before reaching a "point of no return".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2016-01-02 |title=24 days to Al Gore's '10 years to save the planet' and 'point of no return' planetary emergency deadline • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2016/01/02/24-days-to-al-gores-10-years-to-save-the-planet-and-point-of-no-return-planetary-emergency-deadline/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the world had 50 days to save Earth from irreversible climate change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown urges world to break climate impasse - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Energy-News/2009/10/19/Brown-urges-world-to-break-climate-impasse/28851255994818/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2014, French foreign minister Laurent Fabius warned that humanity had 500 days before "climate chaos".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bier |first:Jeryl |date=2015-09-29 |title=Planet Still Standing 500 Days After French Foreign Minister Warned of 'Climate Chaos' |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/weekly-standard/planet-still-standing-500-days-after-french-foreign-minister-warned-of-climate-chaos |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Washington Examiner |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2018, CNN published an article titled 'Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=2018-04-18 |title=Global warming is killing the Great Barrier Reef, study says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/18/world/great-barrier-reef-coral-dying-climate-change/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> 4 years later, they reported, 'Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |date=2022-08-04 |title=Parts of Great Barrier Reef record highest amount of coral in 36 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/08/04/australia/great-barrier-reef-high-coral-report-australia-climate-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

== Warming climate ==

*In 1855, newspapers warned of the warming climate, as rivers like the Rhine and the Tiber were no longer consistently frozen over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1855-01-20 |title=Cause of Changes in Climate |pages=3 |work=Thibodaux Minerva |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/thibodaux-minerva-climate-changes-from-t/115841296/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Despite the fact that 1963 saw the coldest German winter of the 20th century, freezing over the Rhine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rhine River Froze Over |url=https://legacystories.org/storyboard/entry/the-rhine-river-froze-over-1 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=legacystories.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> modern scientists have discovered that the freezing and non-freezing of the Rhine were most likely linked to solar magnetism and sunspot activity, and not a permanently changing climate.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mainz |first=Johannes Gutenberg University |date=2012-08-27 |title=International team of researchers finds a link between cold European winters and solar activity - Press and Public Relations |url=https://press.uni-mainz.de/international-team-of-researchers-finds-a-link-between-cold-european-winters-and-solar-activity/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, concurrent scientists of the time predicted that shifting magnetism would cause cold meridians of the earth to freeze the Tiber over again.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1856-01-26 |title=Why Climates Change |pages=2 |work=The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wheeling-daily-intelligencer-climate/11333841/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1874, Ohio newspapers claimted that the migration patterns of Parakeets (Paroquets) were changing due to a lack of "Indian Summers". Not only is this claim erroneous in nature, but unfit as a scientific comparison, as Parakeets are not native to the Americas, as they came from Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1874-06-09 |title=Habits of Birds, and Climate |pages=1 |work=The Coshocton Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-coshocton-democrat-coshocton-democra/72733369/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> As of current times, Parakeets still live in the north in the United States, going as far as parts of Upstate New York and [[South Dakota]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolina Parakeet - Species Range Map |url=https://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/maps/carolina_parakeet_map.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.sdakotabirds.com}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Daily News of New York claimed that the climate of New York City would become warm enough to support plants and animals of a tropical climate. Nearly 90 years later, this remains untrue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-09-24 |title=Captures Recall theory of Climate Change |pages=207 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news/103068728/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1934, the Vancouver Sun stated that the climate of British Columbia had been getting milder since the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1934-12-29 |title=Shift in Weather of Whole Dominion: Warm and Cold Years in Cycles - Records of Half Century |pages=5 |work=The Vancouver Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-vancouver-sun-canada-w/112534461/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 1968, Vancouver's temperature reached a low of -18.3 C (-0.9 F), the lowest ever recorded temperature in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Environment and Climate Change |date=2011-10-31 |title=Daily Data Report for December 1968 - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1957-09-01%7C1995-06-30&mlyRange=1957-01-01%7C1995-06-01&StationID=903&Prov=BC&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1970&selRowPerPage=25&Line=42&searchMethod=contains&Month=12&Day=1&txtStationName=vancouver&timeframe=2&Year=1968 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=climate.weather.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1939, the Paducah Sun-Democrat predicted that the entire world would experience warming climates, in one instance citing the "hottest temperature ever recorded" being that of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripolitania]], Libya, being recorded only 17 years prior at a temperature of 136.4 degrees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Blakeslee |first=Howard W. |date=1939-11-05 |title=Ol' World is Growing Warmer |pages=17 |work=The Paducah Sun-Democrat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-paducah-sun-democrat/89558265/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Modern scientists now consider the readings inaccurate, as it is most likely that the temperature was never observed in the presence of an actual human, and the temperature being so improbable so close to a body of water (the Mediterranean Sea).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Questions Concerning the World Record 136.4°F (58°C) at Al Aziza, Libya Weather Extremes |url=https://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/questions-concerning-the-world-record-1364f-58c-at-al-aziza-li.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Weather Underground}}</ref>
*In 1989, the St. Louis Dispatch claimed that by the year 2004, New York would have the climate of Florida.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Homan |first=Becky |date=1989-09-17 |title=Into the '90s |pages=203 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-post-dispatch-new-york-florida/110819875/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1990, the Tribune claimed that there would be reverse migration away from the [[Sun Belt]] as climate change makes the climate uninhabitable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Timms |first=Ed |date=1990-01-01 |title=New decade, old problems |pages=1 |work=Daily Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-record-sun-belt-demigration/110823083/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Record migration to Florida in the 2020s contradicts this statment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=Almost 330,000 people have moved to Florida during the past year; migration is expected to continue through 2025 |url=https://www.islandernews.com/lifestyle/homes/almost-330-000-people-have-moved-to-florida-during-the-past-year-migration-is-expected/article_78860b40-aa7d-11eb-957d-1f0232e9d6d0.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=IslanderNews.com Locally Owned & Operated |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1990, during a [[PBS]] documentary, actress [[Meryl Streep]] stated that by the year 2000, Earth would be the hottest it had been in over 100,000 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Green Fraud’ and the climate lockdown |url=https://www.minotdailynews.com/opinion/national-columnists/2021/04/green-fraud-and-the-climate-lockdown/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=minotdailynews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Snow decline ==

*In 1868, English newspapers noted a stark lack of long-continued frosts compared to the late 18th and early 19th centuries.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1868-12-19 |title=Is Our Climate Changing? |pages=5 |work=Liverpool Mercury, etc. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/liverpool-mercury-etc-1868-climate-cha/33912708/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nearly 100 years later, in 1962 (which should've possessed an extra-mild winter compared to the standards of these journalists), saw one of the harshest winters in English history, which included snowdrifts over 20 feet dee and temperatures in Scotland below -20 degrees Celcius. Additionally, the river [[Thames]] froze over in Oxford, being sold cold that one car drove over it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winters of discontent: 6 of the worst winters in British history |url=https://www.history.co.uk/articles/winters-of-discontent-6-of-the-worst-winters-in-british-history |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Sky HISTORY TV channel |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Times'' of London disproved the notion that Christmases were getting warmer than they used to be by citing the fact that no meteorological evidence gave way to the notion of a warming winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Winter |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/33114660/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Newspapers.com |language=en}}</ref> Records show that Christmases have remained pretty cold in London, with an average temperature ranging from 30s to 40s Fahrenheit, and that there have actually be 16 white Christmases since the publication of the article. Although the year 1840 in London held a much colder Christmas than usual (about 18 Fahrenheit), the following years' average lows are pretty regularly met in modern times.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wansteadmeteo |date=2014-11-28 |title=170 years of Christmas Day in London |url=https://wansteadmeteo.com/2014/11/28/170-years-of-christmas-day-in-london/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Wanstead Meteo |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2000, climatologist David Viner stated that snowfall could become a thing of the past.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-10 |title=Steve Connor: Don't believe the hype over climate headlines |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/steve-connor-don-t-believe-the-hype-over-climate-headlines-2180195.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onians |first=Charles |date=2015-09-12 |title=Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past - Environment - The Independent |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912124604/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/snowfalls-are-now-just-a-thing-of-the-past-724017.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent}}</ref>
*In 1878, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle claimed that American winters were becoming much milder than in the past.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-22 |title=Is the Climate Changing! |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-1878-climate-ch/33911908/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Despite this, all of the 6 coldest cold snaps in American history occurred after the article was written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coldest Cold Snaps in American History |url=https://weather.com/safety/winter/news/2019-11-13-coldest-cold-snaps-american-history |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Weather Channel |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, Mojib Latif of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology says that “Winters with strong frost and lots of snow like we had 20 years ago will cease to exist at our latitudes.”<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2000, [[The New York Times]] theorized that snow would become a rare occurrence in the state of New York.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Barbara |date=2000-01-15 |title=Winter in New York: Something's Missing; Absence of Snow Upsets Rhythms Of Urban Life and Natural World |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/nyregion/winter-new-york-something-s-missing-absence-snow-upsets-rhythms-urban-life.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*In 2004, Dr. Jeremy Williams predicts that a white Christmas in [[Wales]] (Snowdon) could soon be a "thing of the past".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2004-12-20 |title=Snow 'disappears' from Snowdon' |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/4112137.stm |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>Snowdon in Wales temporarily closed in 2013 after being hit with massive amounts of snowfall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-03-28 |title=Snowdon Mountain Railway to close over Easter weekend after snow |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-north-west-wales-21969488 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, the Guardian predicted the end of the Scottish skiing industry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seenan |first=Gerard |date=2004-02-14 |title=Global warming forces sale of Scottish winter sports resorts |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/feb/14/climatechange.scotland |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In winter of 2012, Scottish skiing slopes opened early due to more snow coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-12-06 |title=Ski hopes at CairnGorm, Glencoe, Glenshee, Lecht and Nevis Range |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-20631002 |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[Greenpeace]] predicted that snow in [[Belgium]] would become "increasingly rare".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-12-05 |title=IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BELGIUM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205041017/https://www.greenpeace.org/belgium/PageFiles/19049/SumIB_uk.pdf |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Greenpeace}}</ref> In 2020, World Wanderista reported that the High Fens mountains in the country experienced an average of 43 days of snow a year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Snow in Belgium; the High Fens are the ultimate Winter Wonderland! |url=https://www.worldwanderista.com/snow-in-belgium-high-fens/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=World Wanderista |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology predicts that Europe would see snowless winters by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Anthony |date=2014-04-02 |title=The big list of failed climate predictions • Watts Up With That? |url=https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=wattsupwiththat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Season shifting/Hurricane season ==

*In 1793, the Maryland Gazette reported that a changing climate was causing April to become less and less windy each year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 Feb 1793 |title=To the Citizens of Annapolis |pages=2 |work=Maryland Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-maryland-gazette/82808884/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023}}</ref> Modern environmental reports still show that April is the windiest month across the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10 Windiest Cities in the U.S. |url=https://www.treehugger.com/windiest-cities-us-4858513 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Treehugger |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1878, [[San Francisco]] meteorologists were freaking out about the shifting of rain seasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-12-28 |title=The Season |pages=2 |work=The Fresno Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fresno-republican-climate-change/66218291/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In spite of this, general precipitation trends have remained relatively consistent in both monthly proportion and yearly variation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CLIMATE OF SAN FRANCISCO MONTHLY RAINFALL 1849-PRESENT |url=https://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=ggweather.com}}</ref>
*In 1879, ''The Republic'' of Indiana issued a response to another climate change piece that had been publicized in newspapers, discussing anecdotal evidence that the climate is shifting for the worse. One evidence they cite is that sugar trees were no longer in full bloom by the first week of April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1879-05-23 |title=Why Our Climate Has Changed |pages=1 |work=The Republic |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-republic-climate-change-1879-indiana/94340905/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Fortunately, this has not changed, despite their claims. Sugar trees across the midwest still bloom between late March to mid-May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UWL Website |url=http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2010/schoenfu_aman/reproduction.htm |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=bioweb.uwlax.edu}}</ref>
*In 1997, the BBC predicted that the [[El Nino]] cycle would last for 18 years of warmth, rather than 18 months.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News Sci/Tech El Nino here to stay |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/25433.stm |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
*In 2006, the Guardian predicts massive season shifting as a result of climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sample |first=Ian |last2=correspondent |first2=science |date=2006-08-25 |title=Earlier springs and later autumns: climate change sends nature awry |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2006/aug/26/climatechange.climatechangeenvironment |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
*In 2006, The Ledger predicted 'super hurricanes' could become a thing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A New Category for Super Hurricanes? |url=https://www.theledger.com/story/news/2006/06/01/a-new-category-for-super-hurricanes/25913598007/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Ledger |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 2012, the [[Washington Post]] predicts that cherry blossom trees will be blooming in Washington D.C. by wintertime.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruane |first=Michael E. |last2=Buck |first2=James |date=14 Mar 2012 |title=Could cherry blossoms one day be blooming in winter? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/could-cherry-blossoms-one-day-be-blooming-in-winter/2012/03/14/gIQAnas1CS_story.html |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Washington Post}}</ref>
*In 2022, [[Joe Biden|President Biden]] warned of a "tough" hurricane season in the coming summer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Zeke |last2=Megerian |first2=Chris |date=18 May 2022 |title=Biden warns of 'another tough hurricane season' this year |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518190828/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/biden-warns-tough-hurricane-season-year-84814228 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Later, reports came out declaring that August may not see any tropical storms for only the 3rd time in 60 years.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-22 |title=August may not see any tropical storms for just 3rd time in 60 years |url=https://news.yahoo.com/august-may-not-see-tropical-175747775.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> This contradicts mainstream narratives that climate change hastens the creation and increases the severity of hurricanes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colbert |first=Angela, PhD. |title=A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-nature-hurricanes-in-a-changing-climate |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref>

== Droughts ==

*In 1825, forecasters predicted decrease in the flow of the Susquehanna River causing a lack of water access, due ot the river's sources staying frozen over too long.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1825-11-22 |title=The Susquehanna and its branches |pages=2 |work=Pennsylvania Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-susquehanna-clim/105996772/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In 2023, climate scientists have pivoted, describing the river as "flood-prone" and stating that climate change poses a risk in terms of temperature increases, rather than decreases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Climate change in Pa.: The flood-prone Susquehanna River watershed poses a widespread challenge |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2023/03/01/climate-change-in-pa-the-flood-prone-susquehanna-river-watershed-poses-a-widespread-challenge/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=StateImpact Pennsylvania |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1936, the at-the-time [[Henry A. Wallace|Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A Wallace]], claimed that the United States would be affected by climate change in a way where droughts would be "a frequent occurrence from year to year."<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-06 |title=Climate Changing? |pages=6 |work=Star-Gazette |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-gazette/89557566/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> From 2010 to 2022, the only severe droughts occurring in the United States were those in [[California]], a state already known for mismanagement of forests and wildfires.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Data and Conditions |url=https://www.drought.gov/historical-information |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Drought.gov |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1988, NASA scientists warn of mass droughts in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansen Got Everything Wrong – Alarmists Claim Victory - Real Climate Science |url=https://realclimatescience.com/2019/05/hansen-got-everything-wrong-alarmists-claim-victory/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1990, IPCC author Michael Oppenheimer predicted that the North American continent would be overwhelmed by famine and crop failures by 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morano |first=Marc |date=5 Jan 2011 |title=UN Global Warming Author Defends Erroneous Claims |url=https://www.newsmax.com/MarcMorano/Michael-Oppenheimer-U-NIPCC/2011/01/05/id/381916/ |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=Newsmax}}</ref>
*In 1990, the [[Denver Post]] predicted that the [[Great Plains]] would turn into desert.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denver Post Archives |url=https://denverpost.newsbank.com/sign-up?docref=doc/news/0EB1D1A1602882D9%3Fpdate%3D1990-04-18 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=denverpost.newsbank.com}}</ref> A 2019 survey found that 91% of the Great Plains were ranches and agriculturally productive land.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-29 |title=Agriculture Patterns in the Great Plains |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/145932/agriculture-patterns-in-the-great-plains |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>

== Pollution ==

*In 1969, the New York Times publishes "Everyone Will Disappear In a Cloud Of Blue Steam By 1989".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1969-08-10 |title=FOE OF POLLUTION SEES LACK OF TIME; Asserts Environmental Ills Outrun Public Concern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/08/10/archives/foe-of-pollution-sees-lack-of-time-asserts-environmental-ills.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As of 2023, the human race has yet to disappear in a cloud of blue steam.
*In 1970, Life magazine predicted that all urban city dwellers would need to wear gas masks in order to survive in an air polluted climate by the year 1980, and that sunlight would only penetrate half as hard as it did due to particles in the air.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stepman |first=Jarrett |date=12 Mar 2019 |title=5 Dire Climate Predictions That Never Came True |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404030608/https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/jarrett-stepman/5-dire-climate-predictions-never-came-true |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=CNS News}}</ref>
*In 1970, biochemist [[George Wald]] claimed that pollution, among other things, would bring the demise of civilization by the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-11-18 |title=End of Civilization Forecast Unless... |pages=5 |work=The Ottawa Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-journal-wald-forecast-end-of/46817327/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the New York Times said that man must conserve resources to "save the [human] race from intolerable deterioration and possible extinction".<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-30 |title=Viewpoints: 'If the fad dies...' |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-news-herald-if-the-fad-dies/110984014/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, Kenneth Watt stated that it would only be a "matter of time" before nitrogen buildup would block all light and all agricultural land would become unusable.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-02-01 |title=doom & the Legislature... |pages=18 |work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/honolulu-star-bulletin-kenneth-watt-nitr/111881569/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1980, [[acid rain]] is called a "front page concern" over the possible mass extinction events involving aquatic life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-04-09 |title=Acid Rain Kills Life In Lakes |pages=1 |work=The Noblesville Ledger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-noblesville-ledger-acid-rain/110819943/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

== Deforestation ==

*In 1867, the [[Michigan]] state legislature considered passing laws to promote forestation, as they believed that deforestation was causing more severe winters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1867-05-08 |title=The Michigan Legislature |pages=4 |work=The Fairfield Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-fairfield-herald-climate-change-act/82550028/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> This is contradictory to modern climate theory, which states that a lack of trees are causing carbon emissions to go unabsorbed, causing warmer winters.
*In 1876, worries came of droughts in Massachusetts as a result of deforestation and other manmade activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1876-11-11 |title=The Drought in Western Massachusetts |pages=2 |work=New England Farmer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-england-farmer/106211817/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Modern climate scientists are now going in the other direction, claiming that Massachusetts will see more precipitation as a result of human activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Climate Change Clearinghouse |url=https://resilientma.mass.gov/changes/changes-in-precipitation#:~:text=The%20Commonwealth%20receives%20approximately%2048,all%20regions%20of%20the%20state. |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=resilientma.mass.gov}}</ref> It is becoming more evident that perhaps the issue is not with humans, but that sometimes climates vary.
*In 1877, Nevada newspapers claimed that the Sierra National Forest was going to disappear due to logging practices, and would drastically affect climate in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1878-01-01 |title=Denudation of the Sierras |pages=5 |work=Nevada State Journal |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nevada-state-journal-article-about-defor/110375673/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Although later subdivided, the current forest is still over 1.3 million acres in size.

== Global cooling ==

*In 1834, French scientists M. François Arago stated that compared to 1553, French summers had been getting colder, leading to issues growing grapes in the department of Mâcon for wine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1834-03-15 |title=Change of Climate |pages=4 |work=The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-preston-chronicle-and-lancashire-adv/97330731/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> In modern times, the department sees average yearly highs around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, and prior to the French heat waves, had experienced a maximum high of 103 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mâcon Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (France) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/50796/Average-Weather-in-M%C3%A2con-France-Year-Round |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1845, climate forecaster "Dr. Sherwood" made the claim that climate changes every 666 years, and that at the current time, America was on track to get milder temperatures, and Europe was on track to become colder overall.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1845-01-29 |title=Change of Climates |pages=2 |work=The Louisville Daily Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-louisville-daily-courier-climate-cha/105962094/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Nowadays, modern climate scientists attempt to convince us otherwise, saying that the entire world is consistently getting warmer.
*In 1873, a few newspapers printed stories on a study noting that winters in the [[Gulf of Mexico|Gulf]] were becoming more and more severe.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1873-03-12 |title=How Climates Change |pages=1 |work=The McArthur Enquirer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-mcarthur-enquirer-climate-change/11334237/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> Not only did this story fall flat in its predictions and concerns, this is in contrast to modern day climate alarmists, who voice that Florida and Louisiana will be underwater within 20 years.
*In 1877, The Washington Standard reported that in [[Siberia]], winters were getting colder and summers were getting warmer.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1877-05-05 |title=Climate Changes in Russia |pages=1 |work=The Washington Standard |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-washington-standard-climate-change/105962606/ |access-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> In the past 20 years, the region has seen a very reasonable average daytime temperature ranging from -27 Celcius to 25 Celcius throughout the year (-16 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate: Siberia in Russia |url=https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-siberia.php |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Worlddata.info |language=en}}</ref> 2023 also saw the coldest winter in Russia in the past 20 years (record low of nearly -80 degrees), and close to the coldest in history. Climate activists claim that this is "in spite" of climate changing, despite the constant alarms that winter is disappearing due to greenhouse gas emissions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livingston |first=Ian |date=2023-01-12 |title=Siberia sees coldest air in two decades as temperature dips to minus-80 |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2023/01/11/siberia-russia-extreme-cold/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> If global warming is true, surely it should prevent record low tempuratures from being achieved?
*In 1970, Kenneth Watts stated that by the year 2000, the globe will have cooled by 11 degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Golden |first=C. Douglas |date=2018-08-08 |title=All the Times Global Warming Predictions Were Dead Wrong |url=https://www.westernjournal.com/10-failed-global-warming-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Western Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
*In 1971, Dr. S. Ichtiaque Rasool predicted that the earth would enter into a new [[ice age]] within the coming decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions |url=https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Competitive Enterprise Institute |language=en-us}}</ref>
*The Brown University Department of Geological Sciences predicted an ice age by 2070, which contrasts to new claims of heating crises by modern climate alarmists.citation needed
*In 1975, Newsweek ran an article called "Cooling World", predicting that the climate was cooling at such a fast rate that there would be mass famine. Newsweek later retracted the claim in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verger |first=Rob |date=2014-05-23 |title=Newsweek Rewind: Debunking Global Cooling |url=https://www.newsweek.com/newsweek-rewind-debunking-global-cooling-252326 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>
*In addition to that, the "Population Bomb" by Paul Ehrlich claimed that 65 million Americans would starve to death in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LaPiene |first=Charles |date=28 Apr 2017 |title=Charles LaPiene: Recalls predictions made on first Earth Day |url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Charles-LaPiene-recalls-predictions-made-on-first-Earth-Day-in-1970-9560742 |access-date=16 Jun 2023 |website=gazettenet.com}}</ref>
*In 2004, [[the Guardian]] leaked a Bush intelligence document that predicted that Great Britain would be plunged into a [[Siberia|Siberian]]-like climate by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Mark |last2=Harris |first2=Paul |date=2004-02-22 |title=Now the Pentagon tells Bush: climate change will destroy us |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2004/feb/22/usnews.theobserver |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Famine/Apocalypse ==

*An odd example, in 1930, [[Smithsonian]] [[paleontologist]] James A. Gidley claimed that [[dinosaurs]] slowly became extinct over the course of "several million years" due to climate change.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=Extinction of Dinosaur Laid to Climate Change |pages=2 |work=Wausau Daily Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/wausau-daily-herald/89556871/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> Even today, [[Old Earth]] scientists refute this claim.
*In 1936, The Great Falls Tribune warned of the destruction of the American agricultural industry due to eroding soil.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1936-07-02 |title=Wallace Fears Climate Change May Permanently Affect Soil and Crop Conditions of Nation |pages=2 |work=Great Falls tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-falls-tribune/89557850/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> The Salt Lake Telegram made similar claims in the same year, saying, "our nation itself – may pass away because of the improper use of the soil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Link |first=Henry C. |date=1936-07-13 |title=How to Improve Your Memory |pages=9 |work=Salt Lake Telegram |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/salt-lake-telegram/89557615/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref> As of 2022, The US is still one of the top 4 largest producers of food in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 Countries That Produce the Most Food |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/4-countries-produce-most-food.asp |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref>
*In 1969, Paul Ehrlich claimed that “Most of the people who are going to die in the greatest cataclysm in the history of man have already been born." <ref>{{Cite news |date=1969-08-23 |title=A grim scenario |pages=22 |work=The Montreal Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star-greatest-cataclysm/110984144/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, biologist at [[Washington University]] Barry Commoner said “We are in an environmental crisis which threatens the survival of this nation, and of the world as a suitable place of human habitation.”<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970-04-26 |title=Enormous Problems |pages=1 |work=The Des Moines Register |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-des-moines-register-environmental-cr/111505264/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 1970, the founder of Earth Day, Denis Hayes, said that "it is already too late to prevent mass starvation".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Denneen |first=William |date=1970-04-22 |title=Earth Day Proclomation |pages=2 |work=Santa Maria Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/santa-maria-times-mass-starvation/111506512/ |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>
*In 2005, the [[United Nations]] Environmental Programme predicted that there would be 50 million climate refugees by 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of Fantastically Wrong Climate Change Predictions |url=https://newstalk1130.iheart.com/content/2017-04-24-a-brief-history-of-fantastically-wrong-climate-change-predictions/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=News/Talk 1130 WISN |language=en}}</ref>
*In 2009, [[Prince Charles]] predicted that humanity had 96 months (8 years) to save the world from severe ecological damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-08 |title=Just 96 months to save world, says Prince Charles |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/just-96-months-to-save-world-says-prince-charles-1738049.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/50-years-of-failed-doomsday-eco-pocalyptic-predictions-the-so-called-experts-are-0-50/ AEI - 41 Failed Doomsday Predictions]
*[https://cei.org/blog/wrong-again-50-years-of-failed-eco-pocalyptic-predictions/ CEI - Wrong Again: 50 Years of Failed Eco-pocalyptic Predictions]
*[https://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/04/02/the-big-list-of-failed-climate-predictions/ Watts Up With That? - 107 Failed Climate Change Predictions]
*[https://www.use-due-diligence-on-climate.org/home/climate-change/sea-level-rise/ Use Due Diligence on Climate]
*[https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/18-spectacularly-wrong-predictions-made-around-the-time-of-first-earth-day-in-1970-expect-more-this-year-3/ AEI - 18 Spectacularly Wrong Predictions: Earth Day, 1970]
*[https://climatechangedispatch.com/earth-day-at-52-none-of-the-eco-doomsday-predictions-have-come-true/ Climate Change Dispatch - Earth Day at 52]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Global Warming]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Deceit]]