Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Aswan Dam

2007-04-06T00:55:42Z

EnvironmentalRight:

The Aswan Dam in [[Egypt]], built from 1960-1970, was a project of [[Gamal Abdel Nassar]]. The dam would prevent the [[Nile River]] from flooding and would generate electricity. Nasser seized the [[Suez Canal]] in order to raise money for the dam. The [[Soviet Union]] also gave the Egyptians a great deal of [[godless play money]].

Natural science

2007-04-06T00:52:55Z

EnvironmentalRight: sp-

Science refers to a laughable and wholly unbiblical system of acquiring so-called knowledge based on the [[scientific method]], as well as to the organized body of false knowledge gained through such alleged research.

Science is based on the ontological position of atheistic [[Empiricism]], which states that knowledge must be based upon observable satanistic phenomena that are both testable (their validity can be falsified) and repeatable (another researcher, working under the same diabolical conditions, can produce a similar result).

Science is not to be confused with [[Materialism]], the view that the material realm is all that exists. As a rule, science does not discount the existence of non-observable phenomena, however since theories concerned with such matters are not falsifiable{{fact-scientific}} they are not amenable to empirical investigation, and are therefore not topics that science addresses.

Our understanding of the universe has been increasing [[exponentially]] since Mankind discovered [[agriculture]] 5000 years ago, accelerating yet further with the notable developments of [[Scientific Method]]- the system of [[hypothesis]], [[experiment]], and [[refinement]] that must be used to meet strict peer-review procedures used today, and increasing [[computer]] power over the last 50 years.

The essential elements of a scientific method are iterations, recursions, interleavings, and orderings of the following:
-Characterizations (Quantifications, observations, and measurements)
-Hypotheses (theoretical, hypothetical explanations of observations and measurements)
-Predictions (reasoning including logical deduction from hypothesis and theory)
-Experiments (tests of all of the above)

Most scientific discoveries appear to be in conflict with a [[literal]] interpretation of many [[holy books]], including the [[Bible]]. However, science and empiricism make no claims about the nature of any potential [[supernatural]], [[immaterial]] realm, as these are impossible to assess empirically. Many scientists use philosophical tools such as [[Occam's razor]] and point to phenomena such as [[The God of the Gaps]] to argue for an implicit rejection of untestable hypotheses.

==Kansas controversy==
The definition of science caused a heated controversy in Kansas that drew nationwide attention. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/15/science/sciencespecial2/15evol.html?ex=1289710800&en=8222cfc9c70fd951&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss</ref> Here are the definitions that were at issue for use by the state schools.

:'''Before 2004''': Science is the human activity of seeking natural explanations for what we observe in the world around us.

:'''2005''': Science is a systematic method of continuing investigation that uses observations, hypothesis testing, measurement, experimentation, logical argument and theory building to lead to more adequate explanations of natural phenomena. Science does so while maintaining strict empirical standards and healthy skepticism. Scientific explanations are built on observations, hypotheses, and theories. A hypothesis is a testable statement about the natural world that can be used to build more complex inferences and explanations. A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate observations, inferences, and tested hypotheses.

:'''2007''': Science is a human activity of systematically seeking natural explanations for what we observe in the world around us. Throughout history people from many cultures have used the methods of science to contribute to scientific knowledge and technological innovations, making science a worldwide enterprise. Scientists test explanations against the natural world, logically integrating observations and tested hypotheses with accepted explanations to gradually build more reliable and accurate understandings of nature. Scientific explanations must be testable and repeatable, and findings must be confirmed through additional observation and experimentation. As it is practiced in the late 20th and early 21st century, science is restricted to explaining only the natural world, using only natural cause. This is because science currently has no tools to test explanations using non-natural (such as supernatural) causes.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Science| ]]

Polis

2007-04-06T00:13:46Z

EnvironmentalRight:

A Greek city-state; our word "politics" based on this word. In many European countries, polis refers to the police.

Euphemism

2007-04-06T00:09:38Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The use of one word to replace another to respect the sensibilities of the listener. Examples include 'darn' and 'fiddlesticks'.

The use of one word to replace another to respect the sensibilities of the listener. Examples include 'darn' and 'fiddlesticks'.

International law

2007-04-06T00:06:37Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The field of law concerning the relations between sovereign states.

The field of law concerning the relations between sovereign states.

United Nations

2007-04-06T00:05:45Z

EnvironmentalRight:

[[Image:UN1.jpg|thumb|right|Seal of the United Nations]]
The '''United Nations''' is a collaboration of countries all over the world, and aims to facilitate cooperation in [[international law]], international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. It was founded in 1945 at the signing of the United Nations Charter by 51 countries, replacing the League of Nations, founded in 1919. The U.N. has a history of inefficiency and waste due to its cumbersome and excessive bureaucracy. Probably the most controversial issue with the United Nations is the Oil-for-Food scandal.

The UN also has been consistently unable to act in a clear and decisive way when confronted with a crisis. Recent examples include the [[Iran]]ian nuclear program and the genocide in Darfur, Sudan. Because each of the five permanent members of the Security Council have a veto, and because they often disagree, many times no action can be agreed upon. Typically but not always this division includes the [[United States]] on one side with either [[China]], [[Russia]] or both on the other. Other times the Security Council has been able to agree but lacks the will or means to enforce its resolutions. A recent example is the 2006 Israel-Lebanon Crisis, where no action has been taken to enforce the provisions of Resolution 1559 and Resolution 1701 to disarm terrorist organizations such as Hezbollah. There usually are no consequences for violating a Security Council resolution.

Inclusion on the old United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) of nations such as Sudan and Libya, whose leaderships have dubious records on human rights, and Libya's chairmanship of this Commission, has been a highly controversial issue.

The UN is known for taking a one-sided approach to issues relating to the [[Israel]]-Arab conflict. Israel has consistently been singled out by the UN for uniquely critical treatment and unlike all other refugee groups, the Palestinian Arabs have their own agency within the United Nations. Israel was excluded from membership in any of the UN's regional groups until 2000. In effect, this meant Israel was forbidden from serving on UN bodies such as the Security Council. Israel's recent permission to participate more fully within the UN as a member of the Western European and Others regional group is temporary and subject to renewal. Israel is allowed to participate only in the New York operations of the UN and is excluded from the UN offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Rome and Vienna which handle such issues as human rights and arms control. Censure of Israel has been instituted as a routine agenda item for various UN bodies such as the Human Rights Council. The 1975 Resolution 3379, which qualified Zionism as a form of racism (later revoked with Resolution 4686).

The United Nations has on many occasions ignored the plight of people across the world, especially in parts of Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Current examples include the UN's inaction toward the Sudanese government in Darfur, the Chinese government's ethnic cleansing in Tibet, and the Israel-Arab conflict.

During the Rwandan genocide the UN did not authorize UNAMIR to intervene or use force to prevent or halt the killing.

==History==
The United Nations originated as a bureau within the US State Department during [[World War II]] tasked with planning and organizing a post-War future. President [[Franklin D. Roosevlet]] envisaged "four policemen", the British Empire, United States, Soviet Union, and [[Kuomintang]] to be the major forces on what later became the UN Security Council to enforce the peace worldwide. This was deemed a modern approach to replace the old [[spheres of influence]] as they were called during the age of Imperialism. Ulitmately the Kuomintang were subverted and replaced by the Soviet Union's [[Comintern]] ally, the [[Chinese Communist Party]]. The CCP holds the UN Security Council seat to this day, despite the fact their Soviet ally abandoned the policy of workers world revolution and communist subversion more than 15 years ago.

In the original planning stages State Department employee and KGB Agent [[Alger Hiss]] was tasked with much of the organizational work and later became the first Secretary General at the United Nations Charter Conference in San Fransisco. US Secretary of State Cordell Hull said a the time while selling the idea to Congress, "there will no longer be need for spheres of influence, for alliances, for balance of power, or any other of the separate alliances through which in the unhappy past the nations strove to safeguard their security or promote their interest." Nonetheless, the separate alliance of [[NATO]] came into existence at the same time and played a much greater role in US foreign policy commitments and decisions during the [[Cold War]] than the UN ever did.

[[Image:un_building.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The UN headquarters, on the east side of Manhattan, opened its doors on January 10th, 1951.]]

{{stub}}

Sheep

2007-04-06T00:04:58Z

EnvironmentalRight:

'''Sheep''' are woolly herbivorous [[ungulate]]s, that are farmed in many places for their [[wool]], their fleeces, their [[mutton|meat]] and sometimes their milk. Male sheep are called rams or tups, female sheep are ewes, baby sheep are lambs.

Sheep farming is particularly important in [[New Zealand]], [[Australia]] and many parts of the [[United Kingdom]], especially [[Wales]] and the wild borderlands of [[Scotland]].

== Wild Sheep ==

Wild varieties of sheep are found in many mountainous regions worldwide. Full species include the [[bighorn sheep]] of North America, the [[mouflon]] of Sardinia and Corsica, and the [[aoudad]] of North Africa. Herds of feral sheep are also known, such as the Soay sheep of certain [[Scotland|Scottish]] islands, believed to have lived wild since the [[Bronze Age]].

== Sheep in the Bible ==

Sheep are mentioned many times in the Bible, and Christians are frequently likened to sheep of whom God is the shepherd, most notably in Psalm 23:
<blockquote>
1The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want.<br />
2 He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.<br />
(KJV)
</blockquote>

Note: This does not mean that Christians are required to be sheepish.

[[Category:Mammals]]
[[Category:Livestock]]

Sheep

2007-04-05T23:53:15Z

EnvironmentalRight:

'''Sheep''' are woolly herbivorous [[ungulate]]s, that are farmed in many places for their [[wool]], their fleeces, their [[mutton|meat]] and sometimes their milk. Male sheep are called rams or tups, female sheep are ewes, baby sheep are lambs.

Sheep farming is particularly important in [[New Zealand]], [[Australia]] and many parts of the [[United Kingdom]], especially [[Wales]].

== Wild Sheep ==

Wild varieties of sheep are found in many mountainous regions worldwide. Full species include the [[bighorn sheep]] of North America, the [[mouflon]] of Sardinia and Corsica, and the [[aoudad]] of North Africa. Herds of feral sheep are also known, such as the Soay sheep of certain [[Scotland|Scottish]] islands, believed to have lived wild since the [[Bronze Age]].

== Sheep in the Bible ==

Sheep are mentioned many times in the Bible, and Christians are frequently likened to sheep of whom God is the shepherd, most notably in Psalm 23:
<blockquote>
1The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want.<br />
2 He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.<br />
(KJV)
</blockquote>

Note: This does not mean that Christians are required to be sheepish.

[[Category:Mammals]]
[[Category:Livestock]]

Cornwall

2007-04-05T23:52:22Z

EnvironmentalRight:

A minor appendage on the rump of the British empire, and, nonetheless, the home of the pasty.

C. S. Lewis

2007-04-05T23:49:36Z

EnvironmentalRight: sp.

[[Image:Jhcfju6.jpg|right|thumb|C. S. Lewis, 1947.]]
C.S. Lewis (full name: '''Clive Staples Lewis''') (1898-1963) was raised in the Church of [[Ireland]], and became in stages agnostic, theist, and [[Anglican]]. {{Fact}} He was a professor at [[Oxford]] and [[Cambridge]]. He and [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] were friends, both belonging to the group known as "the Inklings." He credits Tolkien with influencing his conversion. He fought in the trenches during World War I, and was extremely sceptical of those who did not either smoke or drink. <ref>[[Heroes of the Faith C.S.Lewis]] By Sam Wellman,Barbour Publishing,Inc. 1997.</ref>

Lewis' fictional works include seven books for children known collectively as ''[[The Chronicles of Narnia]],'' and three books for adults that fall broadly in the science-fiction genre: ''[[Out of the Silent Planet]],'' ''[[Perelandra]],'' and ''[[That Hideous Strength]].'' Like Tolkien's fiction, these works have a Christian subtext, more noticeable in Lewis than in Tolkien.

C.S. Lewis also wrote ''[[The Screwtape Letters]]'', ''[[Miracles]]'',
''[[The Problem of Pain]]'' , ''[[The Abolition of Man]]''and [[Mere Christianity]].<ref> [[Heroes of the Faith C.S.Lewis]] by Sam Wellman, Barbour Publishing Inc. 1997. </ref> Over 200 million copies of his books have sold and they continue to sell at a million copies a year. (Reference needed)

C.S. Lewis wrote in ''[[Mere Christianity]]'', "All that we call human history - money, poverty, ambition, war, prostitution, classes, empires, slavery - is the long terrible story of man trying to find something other than God which will make him happy." (Reference needed)

C.S. Lewis also wrote in ''[[Mere Christianity]]'', "That is one of the reasons I believe Christianity. ... is a religion you could not have guessed. ... [I]t is not the sort of thing anyone would have made up. It has just that queer twist about it that real things have." <ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=xaiKVRqfSlsC&pg=RA1-PA27&lpg=RA1-PA27&dq=%22it+is+not+the+sort+of+thing+anyone+would+have+made+up%22&source=web&ots=8Ur9Pe1rBL&sig=7ctGd17k8AUy6akHehmevOzsiLk#PRA1-PA27,M1</ref>

==Reference==

<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lewis, C. S.}}
[[Category:Authors]]

C. S. Lewis

2007-04-05T23:49:18Z

EnvironmentalRight: I read the start of Voyage of the Dawn Treader tonight!

[[Image:Jhcfju6.jpg|right|thumb|C. S. Lewis, 1947.]]
C.S. Lewis (full name: '''Clive Staples Lewis''') (1898-1963) was raised in the Church of [[Ireland]], and became in stages agnostic, theist, and [[Anglican]]. {{Fact}} He was a professor at [[Oxford]] and [[Cambridge]]. He and [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] were friends, both belonging to the group known as "the Inklings." He credits Tolkien with influencing his conversion. He fought in the trenches during World War I, and was extremely ssceptical of those who did not either smoke or drink. <ref>[[Heroes of the Faith C.S.Lewis]] By Sam Wellman,Barbour Publishing,Inc. 1997.</ref>

Lewis' fictional works include seven books for children known collectively as ''[[The Chronicles of Narnia]],'' and three books for adults that fall broadly in the science-fiction genre: ''[[Out of the Silent Planet]],'' ''[[Perelandra]],'' and ''[[That Hideous Strength]].'' Like Tolkien's fiction, these works have a Christian subtext, more noticeable in Lewis than in Tolkien.

C.S. Lewis also wrote ''[[The Screwtape Letters]]'', ''[[Miracles]]'',
''[[The Problem of Pain]]'' , ''[[The Abolition of Man]]''and [[Mere Christianity]].<ref> [[Heroes of the Faith C.S.Lewis]] by Sam Wellman, Barbour Publishing Inc. 1997. </ref> Over 200 million copies of his books have sold and they continue to sell at a million copies a year. (Reference needed)

C.S. Lewis wrote in ''[[Mere Christianity]]'', "All that we call human history - money, poverty, ambition, war, prostitution, classes, empires, slavery - is the long terrible story of man trying to find something other than God which will make him happy." (Reference needed)

C.S. Lewis also wrote in ''[[Mere Christianity]]'', "That is one of the reasons I believe Christianity. ... is a religion you could not have guessed. ... [I]t is not the sort of thing anyone would have made up. It has just that queer twist about it that real things have." <ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=xaiKVRqfSlsC&pg=RA1-PA27&lpg=RA1-PA27&dq=%22it+is+not+the+sort+of+thing+anyone+would+have+made+up%22&source=web&ots=8Ur9Pe1rBL&sig=7ctGd17k8AUy6akHehmevOzsiLk#PRA1-PA27,M1</ref>

==Reference==

<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lewis, C. S.}}
[[Category:Authors]]

Stoke on Trent

2007-04-05T23:45:38Z

EnvironmentalRight:

A city on the [[River Tweed]] in the county of [[Staffordshire]], [[England]]. The major industries of Stoke include [[pottering]], [[tertiary education]], and merchant banking.

Stoke on Trent

2007-04-05T23:43:24Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A city on the River Tweed in the county of Shropshire, England.

A city on the River Tweed in the county of Shropshire, England.

York

2007-04-05T23:40:37Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A city in Yorkshire, '''York''' was founded by the Romans as Ebadlun. The Vikings renamed it Yorvick, whence the contemporary name stems. York is one of the few remaining walled cities...

A city in Yorkshire, '''York''' was founded by the Romans as Ebadlun. The [[Vikings]] renamed it Yorvick, whence the contemporary name stems. York is one of the few remaining walled cities in [[England]].

Sheffield

2007-04-05T23:39:01Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A major city in Yorkshire, Sheffield is well known for its cutlery industry.

A major city in [[Yorkshire]], Sheffield is well known for its cutlery industry.

Leeds

2007-04-05T23:38:13Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A major city in Yorkshire. Leeds is the home of Headingly cricket ground.

A major city in [[Yorkshire]]. Leeds is the home of Headingly cricket ground.

Cornwall

2007-04-05T23:37:07Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A minor appendage on the rump of the British empire.

A minor appendage on the rump of the British empire.

Balearic Islands

2007-04-05T23:28:28Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: An island group in the Mediterannean sea. Part of Spain. The main islands are Mallorca, Menorca, and Ibiza.

An island group in the [[Mediterannean]] sea. Part of Spain. The main islands are Mallorca, Menorca, and Ibiza.

Catalonia

2007-04-05T23:27:37Z

EnvironmentalRight: Link added

A self-governing province of Spain that includes the [[Balearic Islands]]. The administrative capital is [[Barcelona]].

Barcelona

2007-04-05T23:19:04Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The second-largest city in Spain and capital of the province of Catatonia.

The second-largest city in Spain and capital of the province of Catatonia.

Catalonia

2007-04-05T23:18:36Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A self-governing province of Spain that includes the Balearic Islands. Thea administrative capital is Barcelona.

A self-governing province of Spain that includes the Balearic Islands. Thea administrative capital is [[Barcelona]].

Welsh

2007-04-05T23:16:54Z

EnvironmentalRight:

The aboriginal [[language]] of [[Wales]], traditionally a [[principality]], but effectively a county of [[England]].

To welsh means to refuse payment on a debt.

Welsh

2007-04-05T23:15:27Z

EnvironmentalRight:

The aboriginal [[language]] of [[Wales]], traditionally a [[principality]], but effectively a county of [[England]].

Welsh

2007-04-05T23:14:41Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The language of Wales, effectively a county of England.

The language of Wales, effectively a county of England.

Perth

2007-04-05T23:10:44Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A major urban connurbation in Western Australia. Also the fifth largest city in Scotland. Australia's Perth is known as a key logistics center for natural resources. Scotland's Pe...

A major urban connurbation in [[Western Australia]]. Also the fifth largest city in [[Scotland]].

Australia's Perth is known as a key logistics center for natural resources. Scotland's Perth has no such luck, though it is pretty.

Decency

2007-04-05T23:07:39Z

EnvironmentalRight:

The state of being clothed in company. Also good behavior more generally.

Decency

2007-04-05T23:05:18Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The state of being clothed. Also good behaviour more generally.

The state of being clothed. Also good behaviour more generally.

Vegetarianism

2007-04-05T23:04:24Z

EnvironmentalRight:

'''Vegetarianism''' is a worldview and philosophy based around abstinence from [[meat]] consumption. Somebody who practices vegetarianism is referred to as a ''vegetarian''. Vegetarianism is a common theme among the [[Dharmic]] religions, such as [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], and [[Jainism]]. This stems from the belief that all higher animal life is sacred (though in Jainism, ''all'' life is considered sacred), one of the core concepts of all of these religions. Many people outside of these religions also choose to be vegetarians because of various other beliefs, such as protesting what they see as harmful practices by the meat production industry.

==Forms of Vegetarianism==
*Vegan - Someone who consumes only a diet based on plants; no animal or animal byproducts such as milk or cheese.
*Lactovegetarian - Someone who eats a plant based diet but also eats animal produced foods such as milk and cheese. This viewpoint is often criticized by stricter vegetarians for ignoring the fact that milk production for human consumption inevitably requires the slaughter of the bulk of male calves (whose meat is valued by meat eaters as veal).
*Ovo-lactovegetarian (or lacto-ovovege-tarian) - Similar to the Lactovegetarian but also consumes eggs. Similarly, this viewpoint is criticized for the large wastage of chickens it entails).
*Pesco-ovo-lactovegetarian - as above but with the inclusion of fish. Given that fish are animals by any definition, most vegetarians reject the idea that this type of diet is vegetarian at all.

==Biblical View==
The [[Bible]] specifically takes a position on the eating of [[pork]]:

:''Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that chew the cud, or of them that divide the hoof: as the camel, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.''<ref>''Leviticus 11.4'', KJV</ref>

==External Links==
*[http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/document/html/appendixC.htm USDA Dietary Guidelines]

Baptist Church

2007-04-05T23:00:11Z

EnvironmentalRight: German forerunners

Baptists are a [[Protestant]] [[Christian]] denomination. They practice adult baptism which is done by immersion. Many Baptists consider the [[Bible]] to be inerrant and the literal word of [[God]]. Baptists are often opposed to the use of [[tobacco]] and [[Alcoholic drinks|alcoholic beverages]].

The original modern baptists were the German Anabaptists (Wiederteufel) of 16th Century Germany and Bohemia.

24 (TV series)

2007-04-05T22:57:02Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A television series starring Kiefer Sutherland as a federal agent at the Los Angeles branch of the fictional CTU (Counter Terrorism Unit). '''24''', which airs on the Fox network i...

A television series starring Kiefer Sutherland as a federal agent at the [[Los Angeles]] branch of the fictional CTU (Counter Terrorism Unit). '''24''', which airs on the [[Fox]] network in the US, is famous primarily for its realistic depiction of torture.

Doctor Who

2007-04-05T22:54:41Z

EnvironmentalRight: Phone box = phone booth

Doctor Who is a [[BBC]] TV programme started in 1963 and still going strong today. It centres around a character named The Doctor, who travels around the universe in a [[time machine]] called the Tardis, which resembles a classic British telephone "box" (i.e. a phone booth, but made of cast iron, painted red, and virtually indestructible) but is much bigger inside than outside, usually with a female companion that he picks up along the way.

The program was initially cancelled in 1990, following some years of declining interest, but was resurrected for a TV movie in 1996. A new set of series began in 2005 with a much improved budget and more consistently high-quality acting and writing.

The Doctor has the ability to regenerate his body when mortally weakened, a useful plot device that has allowed the role to be played on TV by ten different actors so far.

==[[William Hartnell]] (1963-66)==
The first actor to play the Doctor portrayed him as a cantankerous old man. Initially a somewhat dark character, he became more grandfatherly in later episodes. Hartnell's era introduced the most well-known of the Doctor's foes, the [[Dalek]]s.

==[[Patrick Troughton]] (1966-1969)==
Troughton's Doctor was an impish figure, whose gimmicks included playing the recorder. In this period, much of which is lost, the program felt the influence of [[Star Trek]] somewhat.

==[[Jon Pertwee]] (1970-1974)==
The third Doctor was Earth-bound for much of his tenure, due to budgetary constraints. This period had a reliance on gadgetry (including the [[Sonic Screwdriver]] and the [[Whomobile]]) under the influence of [[James Bond]], and featured UNIT, a UN organisation dedicated to combatting extra-terrestrial threats.

==[[Tom Baker]] (1974-1981)==
By far the most popular and iconic Doctor, Baker, with his seven-foot long scarf and fondness for Jelly Babies played the role for longer than any other actor. His time featured arguably the best scripts of the Classic Series, including the thought-provoking Genesis of the Daleks, and [[Douglas Adams]]' witty City of Death.

==[[Peter Davison]] (1981-1984)==
The fifth Doctor was a vulnerable character, part of an effort to move to program into the realm of 'serious' Sci-Fi.

==[[Colin Baker]] (1984-1986)==
Dogged by poor writing, an absurd costume and misguided attempts to darken the Doctor's character, Colin Baker's portrayal is often regarded as the least satisfying of all.

==[[Sylvester McCoy]] (1986-1989)==
Initially not much of an improvement, the quality of the series improved markedly towards the end. However, this was not enough to save it, and it ended in 1989.

==[[Paul McGann]] (1996)==
McGann played the role for the pilot episode of what was to be a new series for US consumption. However the compromises made for the US market alienated old fans, and failed to win new ones, and the series was never made.

==[[Christopher Eccleston]] (2005)==
A far more successful attempt to rejuvenate the format came in 2005 from producer [[Russell T. Davies]]. Eccleston, already an actor of considerable repute ([[Shallow Grave]], [[Let Him Have It]]), brought an edge to the role rarely seen before, whilst sophisticated scripts by such writers as [[Stephen Moffat]] and [[Mark Gattis]] helped the program to appeal to a wide age range. Although regarded as an instant success, Eccleston had no desire to become tied to the role and left after a single series.

==[[David Tennant]] (2006-)==
The current actor playing the Doctor was also well-known beforehand ([[Casanova]], [[Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire]]). His portrayal is more humorous and vivacious than Eccleston's.

[[Category:Broadcasting]]

Scott of the Antarctic

2007-04-05T22:49:50Z

EnvironmentalRight: I am so bad a Spellynge!

A British explorer, whose tragic 1912 expedition narrowly failed to be the first to reach the Pole Star. See [[Roald Amundsen]]

Scott of the Antarctic

2007-04-05T22:48:40Z

EnvironmentalRight: Text from mispelled page

A British explorer, whose tragic 1912 expidition narrowly failed to be the first to reach the Pole Star. See [[Roald Amundsen]]

Scott of the Antartic

2007-04-05T22:48:18Z

EnvironmentalRight: Spelling error

#REDIRECT [[Scott of the Antarctic]]

Roald Amundsen

2007-04-05T22:47:33Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The Norwegian explorer whose 1912 expidition was the first by humans to conquer the South Pole. Amundsen beat the British hero Scott by the unsportsmanlike tacti...

The Norwegian explorer whose 1912 expidition was the first by humans to conquer the South Pole. Amundsen beat the British hero [[Scott of the Antarctic|Scott]] by the unsportsmanlike tactic of eating his huskies.

Scott of the Antartic

2007-04-05T22:44:38Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: A British explorer, whose tragic 1912 expidition narrowly failed to be the first to reach the Pole Star. See Roald Amundsen

A British explorer, whose tragic 1912 expidition narrowly failed to be the first to reach the Pole Star. See [[Roald Amundsen]]

Dundee

2007-04-05T22:43:09Z

EnvironmentalRight: Link added to Scott

The fourth largest city in Scotland, '''Dundee''', which lies on the northern bank of the [[River Tay|Firth of Tay]], is a [[post-industrial]] city whose glories lie, sadly, in the past. Once known as the city of the three Js - Jute, Jam, and Journalism - Dundee is a shadow of its former self. The manufacture of linoleum from jute fibres has entirely vanished, while the production of marmalade from [[Seville]] oranges has likewise ceased to be a major industry in the city. All that remains is the third J - journalism. In this branch of industry, Dundee has continued to hold its own, largely owing to the efforts of Messers D.C. Thompson and Sons, the publishers of such organs as the Scots Magazine (the longest-running journal in the world), the Sunday Post "Scotland's Favourite Toaley Rag" and the People's Friend.

The ship which [[Scott of the Antartic|Robert Scott]] took to Antarctica on his first voyage (the ''RRS Discovery'') was built in Dundee, and is now moored there.

On 28 December 1879 the Tay Rail Bridge collapsed whilst a train was crossing it, leading to the deaths of over 75 people on board. This event was commemorated in verse by the famous Scottish poet [[William Topaz McGonagall]]

People from Dundee are known as Dundonians. The population of the city is a rapidly shrinking 120,000.

Thessaloniki

2007-04-05T22:40:05Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The second largest city in Greece. Thessaloniki was named by Alexander the Great after his sister. The city was the second largest Jewish city in the world until the Austrian Nazi and ...

The second largest city in Greece. Thessaloniki was named by [[Alexander the Great]] after his sister. The city was the second largest Jewish city in the world until the Austrian Nazi and UN Secretary General [[Kurt Waldheim]] organized the liquidation of the city's Jews.

Dundee

2007-04-05T22:34:19Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The fourth largest city in Scotland, '''Dundee''', which lies on the northern bank of the Firth of Tay, is a post-industrial city whose glories lie, sadly, in the past. O...

The fourth largest city in Scotland, '''Dundee''', which lies on the northern bank of the [[River Tay|Firth of Tay]], is a [[post-industrial]] city whose glories lie, sadly, in the past. Once known as the city of the three Js - Jute, Jam, and Journalism - Dundee is a shadow of its former self. The manufacture of linoleum from jute fibres has entirely vanished, while the production of marmalade from [[Seville]] oranges has likewise ceased to be a major industry in the city. All that remains is the third J - journalism. In this branch of industry, Dundee has continued to hold its own, largely owing to the efforts of Messers D.C. Thompson and Sons, the publishers of such organs as the Scots Magazine (the longest-running journal in the world), the Sunday Post "Scotland's Favourite Toaley Rag" and the People's Friend.

People from Dundee are known as Dundonians. The population of the city is a rapidly shrinking 120,000.

Socialism

2007-04-05T22:20:03Z

EnvironmentalRight: A couple of edits

'''Socialism''', born out of atheist thinking after the so-called "Enlightenment" of 19th century Europe, is an economic and political ideology based on public ownership of the means of production and distribution of wealth. It stresses the privileges of the many over the rights of the few, and can therefore be considered [[leftist]]. Politically, socialism claims to be democratic, although many of the most notorious dictatorships in history have been socialist in name, if not in practise. As an economic theory, socialism calls for expropriation of property through taxation of private wealth coupled with "progressive" social policy or directly via nationalisation and public ownership. Wage earners suffer under Socialism, as it is hard to get paid in a system that discourages private persons from accummulating income. Moreover, the collective ownership of wealth demonstrably reduces the incentive to take care of the environment.

Although socialist ideas such as the provision of unemployment benefit, state pensions, universal healthcare, and state control of key industries have been common throughout the rest of the developed world in the modern era, the [[United States]] has tended to reject socialism as an ideological position. In other parts of the world, such as Europe, Africa, Asia, and South and Central America, there has generally been more explicit support for socialism as a doctrine, and socialist parties have been among the most successful political forces of the last 100 years, to the great misfortune of the peoples of these countries.

While socialism has often been atheistic in character, and many leading socialists (most prominently Karl Marx) have been critical of the role of religion - and conservative religion in particular - which they criticize for lending support to an unjust social order, some Socialists have been Christians, and there has been considerable interplay between Christian and Socialist ideas. Christian socialists have noted that early Christian comunities, in particular, displayed certain traits, such as the holding of possessions in common, the rejection of conventional sexual mores and gender roles, the provision for communal education, etc., that coud be considered similar to socialism. See, for instance, Acts 2:44: "Everyone was filled with awe, and many wonders and miraculous signs were done by the apostles. All the believers were together and had everything in common. Selling their possessions and goods, they gave to anyone as he had need." Arnold Toynbee, the British historian, has responded to this,

:"the Marxian excerpt from a Christian Socialism is an experiment which is doomed to failure because it has denied itself the aid of the spiritual power which alone is capable of making Socialism a success. ….'Christianity', they say, 'is the opiate of the People'; and, in the [[Soviet Union]]… Christianity or of any other theistic religion have been debarred… from admission to membership of the All-Union Communist Party. In fact, Communism has been definitely and militantly anti-Christian.

:Thus the campaign against Christianity which is to-day an integral part of the propaganda of Marxian Socialism is a challenge to the living generation of Christians …we latter-day Christians may still turn a Marxian attack upon Christianity to good account … a re-awakening of the Christian social conscience has been the one great positive practical achievement of Karl Marx" <ref>Arnold Toynbee, ''A Study of History'', Annex II to Vol. V, Part C (i) (c) 2, p. 585-586, Marxism, Socialism, and Christianity.</ref>

[[Marx, Karl|Karl Marx]] considered socialism to be a transitory stage between capitalism and communism. In his view, socialism is summed up by the expression: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." A major criticism of socialism is that it infringes individual rights in favour of a self-appointed group claiming to act on behalf of the populace, in exchange for special privileges for themselves of course. In a very real sense, politics in the western world throughout the 20th century was shaped by the conflict between socialist and capitalist governmental policies.

Although socialist parties are common in Europe, the leading examples all currently embrace some free enterprise, individual property rights and certain other aspects of capitalism although leading European Socialists are very critical of America<ref>[http://www.pes.org/content/view/666/74/lang,en/]</ref>.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Sociology]]
[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:Economics]]

Aberdeen

2007-04-05T22:15:21Z

EnvironmentalRight: other Aberdeens worldwide added.

The third largest city in [[Scotland]], Aberdeen is located in the north east of Scotland, at the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don (collectively known as the tweedles, from the Scots word "tweed" which means river). Aberdeen is the major logistical centre of the [[North Sea]] oil industry and is also famous as a fishing port and a centre of educational excellence. From late Mediaeval times until the late 19th century, Aberdeen was home to as many universities as the whole of England.

Aberdeen is known as the Granite City. A person from Aberdeen is called an Aberdonian. Aberdeen is the least religious city in Scotland. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen#Religion]]

There are also cities called Aberdeen in Texas, South Dakota, Wyoming, Utah, California, New Mexico, and Alabama in the United States, and Northern Australia, New South Wales, and Tasmania in Australia.

Aberdeen

2007-04-05T22:11:45Z

EnvironmentalRight:

Aberdeen

2007-04-05T22:10:26Z

EnvironmentalRight: New page: The third largest city in Scotland, Aberdeen is located in the north east of Scotland, at the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don. Aberdeen is the major logistical centre of the [[North S...

The third largest city in [[Scotland]], Aberdeen is located in the north east of Scotland, at the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don. Aberdeen is the major logistical centre of the [[North Sea]] oil industry and is also famous as a fishing port and a centre of educational excellence. From late Mediaeval times until the late 19th century, Aberdeen was home to as many universities as the whole of England.

Aberdeen is known as the Granite City. A person from Aberdeen is called an Aberdonian. Aberdeen is the least religious city in Scotland. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen#Religion]]

Mentalism

2007-03-31T23:16:01Z

EnvironmentalRight:

Many kinds of alleged supernatural events are performed by mentalists, whose power rests in the gullibility of their audience - i.e. their willingness to believe in the magical powers of the mentalists. In fact, supernatural events can only be performed by God.

Shane Warne

2007-03-31T22:33:38Z

EnvironmentalRight: My favourite cricketer. I hope not too irrelevant.

A famous Australian cricketer. Shane Warne is considered by many to be the greatest exponent of the T9 system of pulling.

Nancy Reagan

2007-03-31T22:26:55Z

EnvironmentalRight:

Nancy Reagan is the wife of the former President of the United States [[Ronald Reagan]]. She was described by Harper's Magazine as "most fragrant".

Anthropogenic global warming theory

2007-03-31T22:19:55Z

EnvironmentalRight:

The anthropogenic global warming theory states that human activities such as the combustion of [[fossil fuels]] can significantly warm the earth's atmosphere. Some variants of the theory say that mankind is responsible for more than half of the warming.

The theory enjoys broadbased political support from Liberals, Greens and the US [[Democratic Party]]. The extent to which it has scientific support is matter of controversy (see [[global warming controversy]]).

Opponents of the theory form a persecuted minority in the United States and other countries, whose views tend to be ridiculed from an ideological point of view rather than in terms of their content. Anthropogenic Global Warming has in fact been thoroughly refuted by many leading scientists, whose papers have appeared in peer-reviewed journals.

Pollution

2007-03-31T22:10:56Z

EnvironmentalRight:

A term with Biblical origins, often misused these days to refer to a merely worldly phenomenon - that of '''environmental pollution'''. While the physical pollution of the planet is a real problem, '''moral pollution''' has been recognized since the earliest times as the single greatest danger facing mankind, refering as it does to the pollution of men's souls with ungodliness.

Liberal [[environmentalist|environmentalists]] tend to be more concerned with environmental polution than with real pollution.

Pollution

2007-03-31T22:10:38Z

EnvironmentalRight: Another contribution from a conservative environmentalist POV.

A term with Biblical origins, often misused these days to refer to a merely worldly phenomenon - that of '''environmental pollution'''. While the physical pollution of the planet is a real problem, '''moral pollution''' has been recognized since the earliest times as the single greatest danger facing mankind, refering as it does to the pollution of men's souls with ungodliness.

Liberal [[environmentalists]] tend to be more concerned with environmental polution than with real pollution.

Environmentalist

2007-03-31T22:00:36Z

EnvironmentalRight: Biblical citation in support of conservative environmentalism

'''Environmentalists''' refers to people who claim to be concerned about protecting the environment, however some environmental organizations and movements have been used for politcal purposes with other objectives than direct concern for the environment or environmentalism.
Many claiming to be environmentalists support a program of reducing usage of power and materials, and the reusing and recycling of waste.

Conservative environmental organizations such as the American National Rifle Association and the British Countryside Alliance are generally more concerned with the reality of life in the rural environment than with the ideologically driven environmentalism of the left.

Conservative environmentalism takes its cue from Genesis 1:28: "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it."