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		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782262</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782262"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T14:12:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Musical examples */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]] **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://archives.cbc.ca/health/reproductive_issues/topics/107/ Henry Morgentaler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nndb.com/people/044/000171528/ Morgentaler amendment&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mohandas Gandhi]] mobilized ordinary people to break unjust laws and to peacefully oppose the Imperial British Government in [[India]], bringing the British Government to grant India its independence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[A One-Horse Open Sleigh]]&amp;quot; was the only success in a lifetime of failure for its author. **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782261</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782261"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T14:12:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Musical examples */ Added one0horse open sleigh&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]] **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://archives.cbc.ca/health/reproductive_issues/topics/107/ Henry Morgentaler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nndb.com/people/044/000171528/ Morgentaler amendment&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mohandas Gandhi]] mobilized ordinary people to break unjust laws and to peacefully oppose the Imperial British Government in [[India]], bringing the British Government to grant India its independence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[A One-Horse Open Sleigh]]&amp;quot; was the only success in a lifetime of failure for its author.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782259</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782259"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T14:10:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Moral examples */ Added ref to Morgentaler bio&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]] **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr **needs reference&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://archives.cbc.ca/health/reproductive_issues/topics/107/ Henry Morgentaler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nndb.com/people/044/000171528/ Morgentaler amendment&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mohandas Gandhi]] mobilized ordinary people to break unjust laws and to peacefully oppose the Imperial British Government in [[India]], bringing the British Government to grant India its independence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782258</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782258"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T14:04:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Moral examples */ Added ref to Morgentaler amendment&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]], an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nndb.com/people/044/000171528/ Morgentaler amendment&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mohandas Gandhi]] mobilized ordinary people to break unjust laws and to peacefully oppose the Imperial British Government in [[India]], bringing the British Government to grant India its independence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782257</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782257"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T14:01:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Moral examples */ Added Gandhi&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]], an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]] prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mohandas Gandhi]] mobilized ordinary people to break unjust laws and to peacefully oppose the Imperial British Government in [[India]], bringing the British Government to grant India its independence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782255</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782255"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:59:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Moral examples */ Added appeal courts&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]], an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]] prohibits judges in appeal courts from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782254</id>
		<title>Best of the public</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Best_of_the_public&amp;diff=782254"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:58:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Moral examples */ Added a nother moral example.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:AmesGCPLogo.jpg|right|130px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''&amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot;''' is an approach to education, scholarship, and biblical translation that was coined during an interview of ''Conservapedia'' and first published on December 3, 2009:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Breen. [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_rel_conservative_bible Blessed are the conservative in Bible translation], ''Yahoo! News'', December 03, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;'''The best of the public is better than a group of experts.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
The concept then became a topic of discussion in the interview of ''Conservapedia'' on the Colbert Report on December 8, 2009.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/258144/december-08-2009/andy-schlafly The Colbert Report Videos: Andy Schlafly], ColbertNation.com, December 08, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In early February 2010, [[Supreme Court]] Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] implicitly endorsed the concept of the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; with this response to a question by a state college student:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://abovethelaw.com/2010/02/clarence_thomas_rejects_ttt_label_for_his_law_clerks.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I think there are smart kids a lot of places. ... [T]here is a bias. If you look at smart bloggers — or self-proclaimed smart bloggers — they referred to my clerks last year as TTT — 'third tier trash.' That's the attitude that you're up against.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The enigmatic Christian term the &amp;quot;Son of man&amp;quot; embodies how inspiration comes from the ostensibly ordinary rather than the esteemed experts.  Most prophets were also ordinary men.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Conservative Bible Project]] may be the first to adopt the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach for a scholarly project.  Other examples of approaches using the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Intellectual examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Gospel of Mark|earliest Gospel]] was likely written by a non-Apostle who witnessed the events as a young boy&lt;br /&gt;
:*the [[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)|Epistle to the Hebrews]] was written by an anonymous individual, yet its intellectual force is at the highest level&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[Apostles]]&lt;br /&gt;
*pamphleting, as in ''[[Common Sense]]''&lt;br /&gt;
*the solution of one of the greatest unsolved problem of our time, the [[Poincaré conjecture]] (see below)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Evariste Galois]], an unknown teenager, developed [[group theory]] and it took the mathematical experts a century to appreciate it&lt;br /&gt;
*the principle of trial by a jury of one's peers&lt;br /&gt;
*letters to the editor&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of Vietnam War Memorial (competition won by a college student, featuring ordinary soldiers)&lt;br /&gt;
*the design of the St. Louis Arch (competition won by an unknown architect, featuring openness) &lt;br /&gt;
*an obscure, unsuccessful author, [[Herman Melville]], wrote the greatest novel in English literature, ''Moby-Dick''&lt;br /&gt;
*an unknown and possibly uneducated playwright, [[William Shakespeare]], produced the greatest plays ever&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Constitution of the United States of America]].  The [[Founding Fathers]], in their wisdom, chose to eschew the idea of &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; hereditary nobility, but were also wary of the mob rule that could result with pure democracy; thus, they chose a democratic republic instead.&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Electoral College]] was intended to be composed of the best of the public, who would judge who was best qualified to be President.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''Conservapedia''''' posted [[Flaws in Richard Lenski Study|errors and flaws]] in a pro-[[evolution]] article by Professor [[Richard Lenski]] (published after a mere 14-day peer review), but [[PNAS]] [[Letter to PNAS|refused to correct the errors]] and Lenski responded with [[Conservapedia:Lenski dialog|petulant rants]] insisting his critic lacked &amp;quot;expertise&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
*design of the distinctive Coca-Cola glass bottle, which resulted from a public contest in 1915.&lt;br /&gt;
*Internet blogs.  Anyone can start a blog, and readers read the best blog posts.  Such blogs have been responsible for breaking crucial news stories well before the &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; of the traditional media--for example, the [[Monica Lewinsky]] story and [[Rathergate]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Layman Allen devised games like &amp;quot;WFF 'n proof&amp;quot; and Equations which reduced absenteeism, increased math achievement and achieved voluntary integration in the segregated Chicago school system. [http://o.b5z.net/i/u/6035566/f/pdfs/articles/chicagoreader.pdf]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Moral examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mary]], the mother of [[Jesus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen]], the first martyr&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Morgentaler]], an ordinary doctor and Holocaust survivor, could not stand to see the suffering caused by Canada's abortion laws and singlehandedly forced a change in the law and an amendment to Canada's constitution. The [[Morgentaler Amendment]] prohibits judges from overturning jury acquittals. (In repeated trials brought by the Quebec government, no jury would convict Morgentaler when they realized the suffering that anti-abortion laws were causing to real, ordinary people.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Political examples ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Penn]]'s approach to colonial [[Pennsylvania]], which even advertised to attract hard-working settlers of all ethnicity and religious beliefs; as a result [[Philadelphia]] quickly became the most prosperous and highly populated city in colonial [[America]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ronald Reagan]] embraced and embodied the best of the public in his speeches and political philosophy&lt;br /&gt;
*the recall of the governor, the attorney general, and another top official in North Dakota in 1921 -- who were corrupt politicians devoted to state ownership of industry -- was organized and achieved by someone who never held public office&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/23/opinion/recalling-the-first-recall.html?pagewanted=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Musical examples===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Battle Hymn of the Republic,&amp;quot; the only significant song by Julia Ward Howe, written in the dark during a pre-dawn inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;American Pie,&amp;quot; the only hit by Don McLean, one of the most thoughtful ballads to top the charts for several weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;You Light Up My Life,&amp;quot; the only hit by Debbie Boone, was a tribute to God that topped the charts for many weeks&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Sunshine&amp;quot; (1971), which was not only a one-hit wonder by Jonathan Edwards, but it was included in his album only because a preferred song had been accidentally erased.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;here was a song on the album called ‘Please Find Me,’ and for some reason the engineer rolled over it.  It got erased.  We spent hours looking for it.  We fired the engineer and put ‘Sunshine’ in its place.” [http://www.jonathanedwards.net/general/presskit-biography.php]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Ice Ice Baby&amp;quot; was the &amp;quot;B-side&amp;quot; filler panned by &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; which became a massive hit because a disc jockey played it by chance; allegedly written by Vanilla Ice when he was 16&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;There's just something about the way its hook — a sample from Queen and David Bowie's ''Under Pressure'' — grabs you and flings you out onto the dance floor.&amp;quot; [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,318500,00.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[American Idol]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;[[The Star-Spangled Banner]],&amp;quot; the [[national anthem]] of the United States&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more one-hit wonders)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Athletics===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Anyone can enter, and winning is based solely on skill.&lt;br /&gt;
====Competitions====&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Olympic Games]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Since 1990 there has been a qualifying requirement of reasonable success at a prior event.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; known for setting the most world records&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Chicago Marathon]], known for setting records for the fastest American marathons&lt;br /&gt;
*The [[Tour de France]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;In the 1920s it was open to all; now there is a qualifying process for teams.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Achievements====&lt;br /&gt;
*Dick Fosbury invented the Fosbury Flop despite criticism by all the experts.  He won the 1968 Gold Medal with it, and now all imitate it.&lt;br /&gt;
*Unsuccessful Olympian, student Roger Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier for the mile, which some experts considered impossible; now the record is 3:43.&lt;br /&gt;
*A little-known pitcher, Don Larsen, threw the only perfect game in World Series history (Game 5, 1956)&lt;br /&gt;
*David, a boy of slight build, defeated the most feared warrior of all time, the mammoth Goliath&lt;br /&gt;
*Kurt Warner, one of the greatest football quarterbacks,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Warner is the only quarterback who has led two ''different'', hapless teams to three Super Bowls.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was originally cut by the Green Bay Packers, denied a tryout by the Chicago Bears, and ultimately only given a chance due to another player's injury.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Brady, arguably the best quarterback of all time,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=smith_michael&amp;amp;id=2646827&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; was given a chance at the NFL only after the experts had chosen 198 other players ahead of him in the 2000 NFL draft.  He got to play only when Drew Bledsoe, chosen first by the experts in the 1993 draft, was injured.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''(add more)''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Science and technology===&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[free software]] movement and its ongoing development of the [[Linux]] operating system&lt;br /&gt;
*the development of a heavier-than-air, fixed wing aircraft by the [[Wright brothers]], despite opposition and mockery by aviation &amp;quot;experts.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Ford]]'s mass-production techniques, which turned automobiles from a curiosity into the backbone of American industry despite Ford's lack of formal education.&lt;br /&gt;
*the investigation of the [[Challenger Disaster]] by maverick physicist [[Richard Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Steve Wozniak developed the first popular personal computer from a garage-based operation&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonardo Da Vinci]] is one of the most well known designers in history, yet was illiterate in Latin, and never attended a university.&lt;br /&gt;
*distributed computing projects such as [[Folding@home]] that combine the computing power of hundreds of thousands of standard home PCs to solve computationally intense problems.&lt;br /&gt;
*the [[intelligent design]] theory explaining the origins of our universe.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tired of being denied a voice in the elite liberal media, [[Conservative media]] finds its voice and is widely popular; FOX News, Drudge Report, Breitbart.com, NewsMax, National Review, Worldnetdaily.com.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Exploration and discovery===&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, despite near-unanimous expert opinion that his first voyage was doomed to failure.  On his second voyage, he successfully returned to the same place he had previously reached, despite the limited navigational skills of the experts of the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Obstacles Created by Experts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Experts have self-interest in defending their theories, even if incorrect, and in perpetuating the system that has rewarded and applauded them.  Some experts receive prodigious sums by promoting theories that are false or implausible, either in the media or in courtrooms.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most experts reasonably fear loss in grants, compensation or awards if they take a position disfavored by [[liberal]]s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Best of the Public and the Invisible Hand==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of best of the public was first articulated on [[Conservapedia]], although the effects have been observed by many great thinkers over the years.  In a free society where the best of the public is allowed the latitude to excel, benefits accrue on many levels.  [[Adam Smith]], the father of capitalism, observed this principle in effect; in his book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', he described how the best of the public, when given the freedom to generate wealth, could generate a net beneficial and uplifting effect that goes beyond their individual enterprises.  Smith called this the &amp;quot;[[Invisible Hand]].&amp;quot;  However, he confined his observations to the sphere of economics, whereas the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle operates on many different levels.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Marriage and family, for example, serve as an illustration of the principle in the social arena.  When marriage is allowed to function without government interference and misguided attempts at social engineering, the result is strong families; the best of the public raise children of superior virtue and character, who in turn grow up to pass those values on to their children.  This, in turn, leads to a net positive effect on society known as the [[Invisible Hand of Marriage]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same uplifting principle can be seen in any situation in which the best of the public is allowed to freely function and attain its potential.  Events like the Olympics and the Tour de France permit the best of the public to strive on a physical level, resulting in many new record-breaking performances.  While the principle has seldom (as of yet) been applied to academic endeavors, the [[Conservative Bible Project]] demonstrates the benefits that can result.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Opposition to the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Government restrictions===&lt;br /&gt;
History demonstrates that the best of the public can only thrive in a free society.  The cream cannot rise to the top if it is weighted down; eagles cannot soar if they are shackled by an oppressive government.  This understanding is at the heart of conservative wisdom.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example: it is only in a [[free market economy]] that the best of the public will be truly free to drive innovation, develop new technologies, and generate new wealth.  In an overly-regulated economy, the incentive to excel is greatly reduced.  Innovation is replaced by stagnation, and achievement by mediocrity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Elite gatekeepers===&lt;br /&gt;
Likewise, in an academic environment in which elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; serve as gatekeepers, truly innovative research is frequently squelched in favor of orthodoxy and blind consensus.  The chilling effect &amp;quot;scientific experts&amp;quot; can have on honest research was clearly demonstrated by the [[Climategate]] scandal.  Even when such &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; do not actively conspire to suppress dissent, their use of expertise and consensus as a bully pulpit can still silence opposing (and possibly correct) viewpoints.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Mobs===&lt;br /&gt;
It is important to note the difference between &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;mob rule.&amp;quot;  Simply allowing the loudest or most numerous voices to prevail is not the same thing as allowing the best of the public to drive achievement.  Sites such as [[Wikipedia]] operate on the principle of mob rule, and as a result, are plagued with bias, inaccuracy, and an inability to differentiate between significant insights and trivia.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most pointed illustrations of this difference is the [[United States]] itself.  The [[Founding Fathers]], despite not naming it, applied the &amp;quot;Best of the Public&amp;quot; principle in their attempts to craft a new government.  Realizing the danger of mob rule, they rejected a pure democracy in favor of a democratic Republic--a system designed to ensure that, while all of the public would have a voice in their new government, the best of the public would guide that government as elected representatives.   In so doing, they clearly affirmed that they believed the best of the public was better than a group of experts; in contrast, the nations of Europe still firmly subscribed to the notion that government should be in the hands of elite &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; (the ruling families and nobility.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Obscurity===&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; must be able to be heard.  There are millions of books published, and even more books self-published without approval of traditional publishing houses.  Many authors protest&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul Biba. [http://www.teleread.org/2009/09/18/self-publishing-e-books-and-legitimacy-part-3-of-a-series/ Self-publishing, E-books, and Legitimacy: Part 3 of a series], teleread.org, September 18th, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[http://www.baen.com/library/palaver6.htm Prime Palaver #6]&amp;quot;, Eric Flint&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; that this is the greatest problem with modern publishing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Experts versus the Best of the Public==&lt;br /&gt;
Some confusion may exist over the difference between an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;best of the public.&amp;quot;  The primary difference lies in the manner in which expertise is obtained.  Most &amp;quot;experts&amp;quot; undergo highly specialized training, and in the process, become immersed in a sub-culture of like experts.  This always carries the danger of [[groupthink]] and the pressure to conform.  Also, academic credentialing consists almost entirely of repeating what professors say, rather than criticizing their errors.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;See, e.g., the movie &amp;quot;Dark Matter&amp;quot; for a candid portrayal of academic credentialing.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For instance, someone interested in obtaining a job in the field of climate science (whom we shall refer to as &amp;quot;Student A&amp;quot;) would likely pursue a degree at an established university.  In so doing, he would be immersed in the academic subculture of researchers and professors who have already obtained their degrees in that field.  He would be subjected to their political views, preconceptions, and biases, and would likely find that these were presented as facts and as an integral part of the subject.  Any questioning or dissent on his part might be harshly punished.  Ultimately, he would be faced with a difficult choice: abandon his desire to be an accredited expert in that field, dishonestly pretend to believe in the questionable claims of his superiors, or convince himself that those claims were, in fact, the truth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, someone interested in learning about climate science, but not interested in becoming a credentialed expert (we'll call him &amp;quot;Student B,&amp;quot;) would likely study a diverse variety of sources.  Not confined to the insular and clannish academic subculture, he would speak with a wider range of people, and be exposed to a wider range of viewpoints.  This would, in all probability, cause him to examine the claims of the experts with a more critical eye.  Ultimately, his studies would not gain him a degree or the official imprimatur of the scientific community, but his understanding of climate science would very likely be more rounded and complete than that of Student A.  He very well might disagree with the experts' point of view; at the very least, he would have a much better knowledge of its shortcomings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A traditional, expert-dominated inquiry would dismiss the contributions of Student B, since he has not an &amp;quot;expert&amp;quot; - he has not received the official approval of the gatekeepers.  A &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach would accept the contributions of both Student A and Student B, since they are both members of the public.  However, it would not place Student A's contributions on a pedestal and make them sacrosanct and immune to questioning.  Student B would be free to bring in HIS expertise as well; as a result, the ensuing discussion would be much less one-sided and more comprehensive, and thus far more likely to result in accurate and truthful insights.  Perhaps many ideas coming from people like Student B would be wrong, unprofitable, and therefore rightly rejected; the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; approach recognizes that not all ideas from the public are better than those of experts. However, it is very likely that some ideas from people like Student B will be true and helpful.  This is the difference between the two approaches:  such ideas will be heard under the &amp;quot;best of the public&amp;quot; method.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Solution of the Poincaré Conjecture ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The solution to the [[Poincaré conjecture]], one of the greatest unsolved math problems of the 20th century, was by the little-known [[Gregori Perelman]] who worked on his own and merely posted his solution on the internet.  He had never been offered a permanent job and was critical of the lack of openness among mathematical experts as he described a rare exception:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Perelman-Grigory.html Grigory Perelman Biography (emphasis added)], Encyclopedia of World Biography.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|He actually told me a couple of things that he published a few years later. He did not hesitate to tell me. Hamilton's openness and generosity—it really attracted me. '''I can't say that most mathematicians act like that'''.}}&lt;br /&gt;
At great monetary sacrifice, Perelman refused to accept the awards conferred on him by experts after they eventually recognized the brilliance of his proof.  A leading expert was accused of improperly trying to take credit for Perelman's work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Steklov Institute apparently declined to re-elect Perelman as a member in 2003, supposedly because the experts continued to doubt his proof.  Reportedly Perelman has quit mathematics and was &amp;quot;jobless, living with his mother in St. Petersburg, and subsisting on her modest pension.&amp;quot;  He was quoted as saying:&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mike Ciavarella. [http://imechanica.org/node/3360 Perelman limit case: not a single paper, refuse the Field medal, refuse reviewers], imechanica.org, June 17, 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|I can't say I'm outraged. Other people do worse. Of course, there are many mathematicians who are more or less honest.  But almost all of them are conformists. They are more or less honest, but they  tolerate those who are not honest. ... It is not people who break ethical standards who are regarded as aliens. It is people like me who are isolated.}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Expert Error]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Independent review]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservapedia}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Conservatism}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservapedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782252</id>
		<title>PZ Myers</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782252"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:42:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* PZ Myers and militant atheism */ cut back quote to essentails.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Paul Zachary Myers''', better known as '''PZ Myers''', is a [[liberal]] [[evolutionist]] activist in the [[creation-evolution controversy]], contributing to [[The Panda's Thumb (blog)|The Panda's Thumb]] and [[Pharyngula (blog)|Pharyngula]] blogs.  Myers is also an associate [[professor]] of [[Biology]] at the [[University of Minnesota Morris]] (UMM)&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://citypages.com/databank/26/1303/article13908.asp?page=1 ''The Mad Scientist''] City Pages, Volume 26 - Issue 1303, November 23, 2005 Cover story&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers commented, while listening to [[Michael Behe]] lecture on [[Intelligent design]], that &amp;quot;In science, we scream a lot.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  According to ''Evolution News'', he opposes democratically-elected school boards deciding how evolution should be taught; feeling that it should instead be done by &amp;quot;Scientists with years of training in the subject, and qualified science teachers who understand the fundamentals of the theory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Egnor, Michael [http://www.evolutionnews.org/2007/12/pz_myers_darwinists_know_whats.html ''P.Z. Myers: Darwinists Know What’s Best for Your Children''] Evolution News December 18, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PZ Myers and militant atheism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers is an outspoken [[atheism|atheist]] who has openly advocated the elimination of [[religion]], likening it to [[illiteracy]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.atheistrev.com/2008/03/pz-myers-on-eliminating-religion.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He has stated that it would be nice if religion would become a hobby, like knitting. His language is extremely militant at times, and laced with expletives.  In a diatribe in which he described those who believe in the Bible as &amp;quot;lunatics&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bigots,&amp;quot; Myers said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|I say, screw the polite words and careful rhetoric. It's time for scientists to break out the steel-toed boots and brass knuckles, and get out there and hammer on the lunatics and idiots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.archive.org/web/20070420142719/http://pharyngula.org/index/weblog/comments/perspective/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers frequently rants against religion, religious people, and religious institutions (e.g. churches) on his blog. Myers has called evangelical Christianity &amp;quot;a blight upon the earth,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2006/03/left_or_right_religion_and_pol.php/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; religious people &amp;quot;ignorant, deluded, wicked, foolish, or oppressed victims of obsolete mythologies,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/im_surrounded.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and considers every church to be a &amp;quot;parasitic institution that contributes nothing to the tax base and encourages further ignorance in the population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/how_do_you_save_small_town_cha.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unsurprisingly, Myers' radical, hateful views on religion and religious people are [[Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia|whitewashed from the Wikipedia article about him]] by pro-evolution/anti-Creationism/anti-Intelligent Design editors who are his fans. The Wikipedia article on [[Conservapedia]] lists Myers as a critic of Conservapedia founder [[Andy Schlafly]]'s attempts to secure [[Richard Lenski]]'s raw data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debating ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, Myers participated in a debate with [[Discovery Institute]] fellow Geoffrey Simmons on [[Minneapolis]]/[[St. Paul]] radio station KKMS.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk5Y3VoBeVQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Myers appeared in the film ''[[Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed]]''. In the film, Myers compared religion to knitting and said it should be nothing more than &amp;quot;something fun that people get together and do on the weekend and really doesn't affect their life as much as it has been so far.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHiZjOH1NmQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Up to and after the release of the film, PZ Myers viciously attacked the film and its makers many times and engaged in bizarre behavior. Two of the most notable incidents involved his failed attempt to gate-crash a showing of the film at the [[Mall of America]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/21/science/21expelledw.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and his crashing and disruption (including plugging himself) of a conference call held by ''Expelled'''s producers after calling in early (likely to eavesdrop) and overhearing and then dishonestly using the phone code that allowed two-way communication.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYAblaZmogA&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/03/i_always_aim_to_misbehave.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Most bizarrely, in the latter incident, Myers interruption of the producers' call began with his referring to himself in the third person, probably in an attempt to conceal both his identity and the fact that he used a phone code he was not authorized to use.&lt;br /&gt;
=== Communion host ===&lt;br /&gt;
On July 8, 2008, PZ Myers posted an entry attacking Roman Catholic beliefs regards Communion.  He was reacting to a news story, in which a student at the University of Central Florida described a physical confrontation over his failure to consume a communion wafer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ' Snatched From Church, Held Hostage By UCF Student, July 5, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16798008/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ&amp;quot; Returned To Church After Student Receives Email Threats, July 7, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16806050/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After ridiculing some people as &amp;quot;petty, hateful, and stupid,&amp;quot; and asserting that &amp;quot;nothing makes them stupider than religion,&amp;quot; Myers requested that his readers send consecrated Communion wafers to him, so that he could desecrate them on camera.  This rant predictably resulted in a strongly negative response from Catholics and those who support freedom of religious expression &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1459&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Myers has since complained about the &amp;quot;hate mail&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;death threats&amp;quot; he has received, comparing the defense of Communion to a &amp;quot;witch hunt.&amp;quot;  To date, the University of Minnesota has not taken official action against Myers for his inflammatory remarks, other than to remove the link to his blog from his faculty page.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1460&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PZ Myers followed through with his threat, desecrating a eucharist and tearing out pages of a copy of the [[Koran]] and a copy of [[Richard Dawkins]]' ''The God Delusion''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://discoverthefaith.com/2008/07/26/update-on-professor-myers-desecration-of-eucharist/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, Myers posted two vitriolic emails he had received and included the email addresses where they supposedly had come from. Predictably, his readers responded with their own threatening and harassing emails even though at the time it was not clear whether or not the email addresses had been spoofed  One was from an address at 1-800-Flowers, though the husband of the user of the address subsequently owned up to sending the e-mail.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The account owner was fired by the company. Myers commented on the firing, saying, &amp;quot;She apparently did something stupid, which I don't have sympathy for. I would just rather not see people getting fired over an e-mail message.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html?page=2)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers attempted to save face, claiming that the unsurprising behavior by his readers was not the intent behind his posting of the email addresses, and called for his readers to stop &amp;quot;dunning these people with email, threatening them back, signing them up for spam, or otherwise being a jerk.&amp;quot; These pleas fell on deaf ears, while PZ Myers continued to avoid doing the obvious thing in simply removing the email addresses from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/stop_it_now_please.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/mail_dump.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Creation Museum buffoonery===&lt;br /&gt;
In August 2009, Myers led a group of over 300 atheist and agnostic students on a tour of the [[Creation Museum]]. During the visit, the 52-year-old Myers eagerly climbed onto a dinosaur model which was clearly identified as being for children to sit on for photographs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/aroundtheworld/2009/08/16/children-and-the-creation-museum/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers donned a borrowed cowboy hat and was egged on by the cheers and laughter of the students.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQQl2TMrgbM&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Myers and Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
* Myers has banned all direct references and links to Conservapedia on his blog due to what he claims was &amp;quot;serious problems with spamming&amp;quot; involving Conservapedia members.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/10/conservapdia_has_a_new_project.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* Myers links directly to Conservapedia from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/i_should_add_these_to_my_cv.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scienceblogs.com/pharyngula Pharyngula] '''Non-family-friendly content warning.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Paul Zachary}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biologists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Atheists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionists]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{nb_Atheism}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782251</id>
		<title>PZ Myers</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782251"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:38:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Communion host */ made clear&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Paul Zachary Myers''', better known as '''PZ Myers''', is a [[liberal]] [[evolutionist]] activist in the [[creation-evolution controversy]], contributing to [[The Panda's Thumb (blog)|The Panda's Thumb]] and [[Pharyngula (blog)|Pharyngula]] blogs.  Myers is also an associate [[professor]] of [[Biology]] at the [[University of Minnesota Morris]] (UMM)&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://citypages.com/databank/26/1303/article13908.asp?page=1 ''The Mad Scientist''] City Pages, Volume 26 - Issue 1303, November 23, 2005 Cover story&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers commented, while listening to [[Michael Behe]] lecture on [[Intelligent design]], that &amp;quot;In science, we scream a lot.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  According to ''Evolution News'', he opposes democratically-elected school boards deciding how evolution should be taught; feeling that it should instead be done by &amp;quot;Scientists with years of training in the subject, and qualified science teachers who understand the fundamentals of the theory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Egnor, Michael [http://www.evolutionnews.org/2007/12/pz_myers_darwinists_know_whats.html ''P.Z. Myers: Darwinists Know What’s Best for Your Children''] Evolution News December 18, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PZ Myers and militant atheism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers is an outspoken [[atheism|atheist]] who has openly advocated the elimination of [[religion]], likening it to [[illiteracy]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.atheistrev.com/2008/03/pz-myers-on-eliminating-religion.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He has stated that it would be nice if religion would become a hobby, like knitting, and did not inspire people to try to eliminate science from education or inject religious scriptures as evidence in science class. His language is extremely militant at times, and laced with expletives.  In a diatribe in which he described those who believe in the Bible as &amp;quot;lunatics&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bigots,&amp;quot; Myers said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|I say, screw the polite words and careful rhetoric. It's time for scientists to break out the steel-toed boots and brass knuckles, and get out there and hammer on the lunatics and idiots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.archive.org/web/20070420142719/http://pharyngula.org/index/weblog/comments/perspective/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers frequently rants against religion, religious people, and religious institutions (e.g. churches) on his blog. Myers has called evangelical Christianity &amp;quot;a blight upon the earth,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2006/03/left_or_right_religion_and_pol.php/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; religious people &amp;quot;ignorant, deluded, wicked, foolish, or oppressed victims of obsolete mythologies,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/im_surrounded.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and considers every church to be a &amp;quot;parasitic institution that contributes nothing to the tax base and encourages further ignorance in the population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/how_do_you_save_small_town_cha.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unsurprisingly, Myers' radical, hateful views on religion and religious people are [[Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia|whitewashed from the Wikipedia article about him]] by pro-evolution/anti-Creationism/anti-Intelligent Design editors who are his fans. The Wikipedia article on [[Conservapedia]] lists Myers as a critic of Conservapedia founder [[Andy Schlafly]]'s attempts to secure [[Richard Lenski]]'s raw data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debating ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, Myers participated in a debate with [[Discovery Institute]] fellow Geoffrey Simmons on [[Minneapolis]]/[[St. Paul]] radio station KKMS.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk5Y3VoBeVQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Myers appeared in the film ''[[Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed]]''. In the film, Myers compared religion to knitting and said it should be nothing more than &amp;quot;something fun that people get together and do on the weekend and really doesn't affect their life as much as it has been so far.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHiZjOH1NmQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Up to and after the release of the film, PZ Myers viciously attacked the film and its makers many times and engaged in bizarre behavior. Two of the most notable incidents involved his failed attempt to gate-crash a showing of the film at the [[Mall of America]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/21/science/21expelledw.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and his crashing and disruption (including plugging himself) of a conference call held by ''Expelled'''s producers after calling in early (likely to eavesdrop) and overhearing and then dishonestly using the phone code that allowed two-way communication.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYAblaZmogA&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/03/i_always_aim_to_misbehave.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Most bizarrely, in the latter incident, Myers interruption of the producers' call began with his referring to himself in the third person, probably in an attempt to conceal both his identity and the fact that he used a phone code he was not authorized to use.&lt;br /&gt;
=== Communion host ===&lt;br /&gt;
On July 8, 2008, PZ Myers posted an entry attacking Roman Catholic beliefs regards Communion.  He was reacting to a news story, in which a student at the University of Central Florida described a physical confrontation over his failure to consume a communion wafer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ' Snatched From Church, Held Hostage By UCF Student, July 5, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16798008/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ&amp;quot; Returned To Church After Student Receives Email Threats, July 7, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16806050/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After ridiculing some people as &amp;quot;petty, hateful, and stupid,&amp;quot; and asserting that &amp;quot;nothing makes them stupider than religion,&amp;quot; Myers requested that his readers send consecrated Communion wafers to him, so that he could desecrate them on camera.  This rant predictably resulted in a strongly negative response from Catholics and those who support freedom of religious expression &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1459&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Myers has since complained about the &amp;quot;hate mail&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;death threats&amp;quot; he has received, comparing the defense of Communion to a &amp;quot;witch hunt.&amp;quot;  To date, the University of Minnesota has not taken official action against Myers for his inflammatory remarks, other than to remove the link to his blog from his faculty page.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1460&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PZ Myers followed through with his threat, desecrating a eucharist and tearing out pages of a copy of the [[Koran]] and a copy of [[Richard Dawkins]]' ''The God Delusion''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://discoverthefaith.com/2008/07/26/update-on-professor-myers-desecration-of-eucharist/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, Myers posted two vitriolic emails he had received and included the email addresses where they supposedly had come from. Predictably, his readers responded with their own threatening and harassing emails even though at the time it was not clear whether or not the email addresses had been spoofed  One was from an address at 1-800-Flowers, though the husband of the user of the address subsequently owned up to sending the e-mail.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The account owner was fired by the company. Myers commented on the firing, saying, &amp;quot;She apparently did something stupid, which I don't have sympathy for. I would just rather not see people getting fired over an e-mail message.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html?page=2)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers attempted to save face, claiming that the unsurprising behavior by his readers was not the intent behind his posting of the email addresses, and called for his readers to stop &amp;quot;dunning these people with email, threatening them back, signing them up for spam, or otherwise being a jerk.&amp;quot; These pleas fell on deaf ears, while PZ Myers continued to avoid doing the obvious thing in simply removing the email addresses from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/stop_it_now_please.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/mail_dump.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Creation Museum buffoonery===&lt;br /&gt;
In August 2009, Myers led a group of over 300 atheist and agnostic students on a tour of the [[Creation Museum]]. During the visit, the 52-year-old Myers eagerly climbed onto a dinosaur model which was clearly identified as being for children to sit on for photographs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/aroundtheworld/2009/08/16/children-and-the-creation-museum/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers donned a borrowed cowboy hat and was egged on by the cheers and laughter of the students.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQQl2TMrgbM&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Myers and Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
* Myers has banned all direct references and links to Conservapedia on his blog due to what he claims was &amp;quot;serious problems with spamming&amp;quot; involving Conservapedia members.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/10/conservapdia_has_a_new_project.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* Myers links directly to Conservapedia from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/i_should_add_these_to_my_cv.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scienceblogs.com/pharyngula Pharyngula] '''Non-family-friendly content warning.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Paul Zachary}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biologists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Atheists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionists]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{nb_Atheism}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782250</id>
		<title>PZ Myers</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782250"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:33:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* Communion host */ Corrected misquote: Meyers asked people to SEND TO HIM not STEAL FOR HIM.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Paul Zachary Myers''', better known as '''PZ Myers''', is a [[liberal]] [[evolutionist]] activist in the [[creation-evolution controversy]], contributing to [[The Panda's Thumb (blog)|The Panda's Thumb]] and [[Pharyngula (blog)|Pharyngula]] blogs.  Myers is also an associate [[professor]] of [[Biology]] at the [[University of Minnesota Morris]] (UMM)&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://citypages.com/databank/26/1303/article13908.asp?page=1 ''The Mad Scientist''] City Pages, Volume 26 - Issue 1303, November 23, 2005 Cover story&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers commented, while listening to [[Michael Behe]] lecture on [[Intelligent design]], that &amp;quot;In science, we scream a lot.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  According to ''Evolution News'', he opposes democratically-elected school boards deciding how evolution should be taught; feeling that it should instead be done by &amp;quot;Scientists with years of training in the subject, and qualified science teachers who understand the fundamentals of the theory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Egnor, Michael [http://www.evolutionnews.org/2007/12/pz_myers_darwinists_know_whats.html ''P.Z. Myers: Darwinists Know What’s Best for Your Children''] Evolution News December 18, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PZ Myers and militant atheism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers is an outspoken [[atheism|atheist]] who has openly advocated the elimination of [[religion]], likening it to [[illiteracy]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.atheistrev.com/2008/03/pz-myers-on-eliminating-religion.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He has stated that it would be nice if religion would become a hobby, like knitting, and did not inspire people to try to eliminate science from education or inject religious scriptures as evidence in science class. His language is extremely militant at times, and laced with expletives.  In a diatribe in which he described those who believe in the Bible as &amp;quot;lunatics&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bigots,&amp;quot; Myers said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|I say, screw the polite words and careful rhetoric. It's time for scientists to break out the steel-toed boots and brass knuckles, and get out there and hammer on the lunatics and idiots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.archive.org/web/20070420142719/http://pharyngula.org/index/weblog/comments/perspective/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers frequently rants against religion, religious people, and religious institutions (e.g. churches) on his blog. Myers has called evangelical Christianity &amp;quot;a blight upon the earth,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2006/03/left_or_right_religion_and_pol.php/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; religious people &amp;quot;ignorant, deluded, wicked, foolish, or oppressed victims of obsolete mythologies,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/im_surrounded.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and considers every church to be a &amp;quot;parasitic institution that contributes nothing to the tax base and encourages further ignorance in the population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/how_do_you_save_small_town_cha.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unsurprisingly, Myers' radical, hateful views on religion and religious people are [[Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia|whitewashed from the Wikipedia article about him]] by pro-evolution/anti-Creationism/anti-Intelligent Design editors who are his fans. The Wikipedia article on [[Conservapedia]] lists Myers as a critic of Conservapedia founder [[Andy Schlafly]]'s attempts to secure [[Richard Lenski]]'s raw data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debating ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, Myers participated in a debate with [[Discovery Institute]] fellow Geoffrey Simmons on [[Minneapolis]]/[[St. Paul]] radio station KKMS.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk5Y3VoBeVQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Myers appeared in the film ''[[Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed]]''. In the film, Myers compared religion to knitting and said it should be nothing more than &amp;quot;something fun that people get together and do on the weekend and really doesn't affect their life as much as it has been so far.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHiZjOH1NmQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Up to and after the release of the film, PZ Myers viciously attacked the film and its makers many times and engaged in bizarre behavior. Two of the most notable incidents involved his failed attempt to gate-crash a showing of the film at the [[Mall of America]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/21/science/21expelledw.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and his crashing and disruption (including plugging himself) of a conference call held by ''Expelled'''s producers after calling in early (likely to eavesdrop) and overhearing and then dishonestly using the phone code that allowed two-way communication.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYAblaZmogA&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/03/i_always_aim_to_misbehave.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Most bizarrely, in the latter incident, Myers interruption of the producers' call began with his referring to himself in the third person, probably in an attempt to conceal both his identity and the fact that he used a phone code he was not authorized to use.&lt;br /&gt;
=== Communion host ===&lt;br /&gt;
On July 8, 2008, PZ Myers posted an entry attacking Roman Catholic beliefs regards Communion.  He was reacting to a news story, in which a student at the University of Central Florida described a physical confrontation over his failure to consume a communion wafer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ' Snatched From Church, Held Hostage By UCF Student, July 5, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16798008/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ&amp;quot; Returned To Church After Student Receives Email Threats, July 7, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16806050/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After ridiculing some people as &amp;quot;petty, hateful, and stupid,&amp;quot; and asserting that &amp;quot;nothing makes them stupider than religion,&amp;quot; Myers requested that his readers send consecrated Communion wafers to him, so that he could desecrate them on camera.  This rant predictably resulted in a strongly negative response from Catholics and those who support freedom of religious expression &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1459&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Myers has since complained about the &amp;quot;hate mail&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;death threats&amp;quot; he has received, comparing the defense of Communion to a &amp;quot;witch hunt.&amp;quot;  To date, the University of Minnesota has not taken official action against Myers for his inflammatory remarks, other than to remove the link to his blog from his faculty page.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1460&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PZ Myers followed through with his threat, desecrating a eucharist and tearing out pages of a copy of the [[Koran]] and a copy of [[Richard Dawkins]]' ''The God Delusion''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://discoverthefaith.com/2008/07/26/update-on-professor-myers-desecration-of-eucharist/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, Myers posted two vitriolic emails he had received and included the email addresses where they supposedly had come from. Predictably, his readers responded with their own threatening and harassing emails even though at the time it was not clear whether or not the email addresses had been spoofed  One was allegedly from someone at 1-800-Flowers, though the husband of the user of the address subsequently owned up to sending the e-mail.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The account owner was fired by the company. Myers commented on the firing, saying, &amp;quot;She apparently did something stupid, which I don't have sympathy for. I would just rather not see people getting fired over an e-mail message.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html?page=2)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers attempted to save face, claiming that the unsurprising behavior by his readers was not the intent behind his posting of the email addresses, and called for his readers to stop &amp;quot;dunning these people with email, threatening them back, signing them up for spam, or otherwise being a jerk.&amp;quot; These pleas fell on deaf ears, while PZ Myers continued to avoid doing the obvious thing in simply removing the email addresses from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/stop_it_now_please.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/mail_dump.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Creation Museum buffoonery===&lt;br /&gt;
In August 2009, Myers led a group of over 300 atheist and agnostic students on a tour of the [[Creation Museum]]. During the visit, the 52-year-old Myers eagerly climbed onto a dinosaur model which was clearly identified as being for children to sit on for photographs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/aroundtheworld/2009/08/16/children-and-the-creation-museum/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers donned a borrowed cowboy hat and was egged on by the cheers and laughter of the students.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQQl2TMrgbM&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Myers and Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
* Myers has banned all direct references and links to Conservapedia on his blog due to what he claims was &amp;quot;serious problems with spamming&amp;quot; involving Conservapedia members.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/10/conservapdia_has_a_new_project.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* Myers links directly to Conservapedia from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/i_should_add_these_to_my_cv.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scienceblogs.com/pharyngula Pharyngula] '''Non-family-friendly content warning.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Paul Zachary}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biologists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Atheists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionists]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{nb_Atheism}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782249</id>
		<title>PZ Myers</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782249"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:30:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: /* PZ Myers and militant atheism */ Expanded on views&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Paul Zachary Myers''', better known as '''PZ Myers''', is a [[liberal]] [[evolutionist]] activist in the [[creation-evolution controversy]], contributing to [[The Panda's Thumb (blog)|The Panda's Thumb]] and [[Pharyngula (blog)|Pharyngula]] blogs.  Myers is also an associate [[professor]] of [[Biology]] at the [[University of Minnesota Morris]] (UMM)&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://citypages.com/databank/26/1303/article13908.asp?page=1 ''The Mad Scientist''] City Pages, Volume 26 - Issue 1303, November 23, 2005 Cover story&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers commented, while listening to [[Michael Behe]] lecture on [[Intelligent design]], that &amp;quot;In science, we scream a lot.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  According to ''Evolution News'', he opposes democratically-elected school boards deciding how evolution should be taught; feeling that it should instead be done by &amp;quot;Scientists with years of training in the subject, and qualified science teachers who understand the fundamentals of the theory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Egnor, Michael [http://www.evolutionnews.org/2007/12/pz_myers_darwinists_know_whats.html ''P.Z. Myers: Darwinists Know What’s Best for Your Children''] Evolution News December 18, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PZ Myers and militant atheism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers is an outspoken [[atheism|atheist]] who has openly advocated the elimination of [[religion]], likening it to [[illiteracy]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.atheistrev.com/2008/03/pz-myers-on-eliminating-religion.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He has stated that it would be nice if religion would become a hobby, like knitting, and did not inspire people to try to eliminate science from education or inject religious scriptures as evidence in science class. His language is extremely militant at times, and laced with expletives.  In a diatribe in which he described those who believe in the Bible as &amp;quot;lunatics&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bigots,&amp;quot; Myers said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|I say, screw the polite words and careful rhetoric. It's time for scientists to break out the steel-toed boots and brass knuckles, and get out there and hammer on the lunatics and idiots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.archive.org/web/20070420142719/http://pharyngula.org/index/weblog/comments/perspective/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers frequently rants against religion, religious people, and religious institutions (e.g. churches) on his blog. Myers has called evangelical Christianity &amp;quot;a blight upon the earth,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2006/03/left_or_right_religion_and_pol.php/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; religious people &amp;quot;ignorant, deluded, wicked, foolish, or oppressed victims of obsolete mythologies,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/im_surrounded.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and considers every church to be a &amp;quot;parasitic institution that contributes nothing to the tax base and encourages further ignorance in the population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/how_do_you_save_small_town_cha.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unsurprisingly, Myers' radical, hateful views on religion and religious people are [[Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia|whitewashed from the Wikipedia article about him]] by pro-evolution/anti-Creationism/anti-Intelligent Design editors who are his fans. The Wikipedia article on [[Conservapedia]] lists Myers as a critic of Conservapedia founder [[Andy Schlafly]]'s attempts to secure [[Richard Lenski]]'s raw data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debating ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, Myers participated in a debate with [[Discovery Institute]] fellow Geoffrey Simmons on [[Minneapolis]]/[[St. Paul]] radio station KKMS.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk5Y3VoBeVQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Myers appeared in the film ''[[Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed]]''. In the film, Myers compared religion to knitting and said it should be nothing more than &amp;quot;something fun that people get together and do on the weekend and really doesn't affect their life as much as it has been so far.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHiZjOH1NmQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Up to and after the release of the film, PZ Myers viciously attacked the film and its makers many times and engaged in bizarre behavior. Two of the most notable incidents involved his failed attempt to gate-crash a showing of the film at the [[Mall of America]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/21/science/21expelledw.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and his crashing and disruption (including plugging himself) of a conference call held by ''Expelled'''s producers after calling in early (likely to eavesdrop) and overhearing and then dishonestly using the phone code that allowed two-way communication.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYAblaZmogA&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/03/i_always_aim_to_misbehave.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Most bizarrely, in the latter incident, Myers interruption of the producers' call began with his referring to himself in the third person, probably in an attempt to conceal both his identity and the fact that he used a phone code he was not authorized to use.&lt;br /&gt;
=== Communion host ===&lt;br /&gt;
On July 8, 2008, PZ Myers posted an entry attacking Roman Catholic beliefs regards Communion.  He was reacting to a news story, in which a student at the University of Central Florida described a physical confrontation over his failure to consume a communion wafer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ' Snatched From Church, Held Hostage By UCF Student, July 5, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16798008/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ&amp;quot; Returned To Church After Student Receives Email Threats, July 7, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16806050/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After ridiculing some people as &amp;quot;petty, hateful, and stupid,&amp;quot; and asserting that &amp;quot;nothing makes them stupider than religion,&amp;quot; Myers requested that his readers steal consecrated Communion wafers for him, so that he could desecrate them on camera.  This rant predictably resulted in a strongly negative response from Catholics and those who support freedom of religious expression &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1459&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Myers has since complained about the &amp;quot;hate mail&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;death threats&amp;quot; he has received, comparing the defense of Communion to a &amp;quot;witch hunt.&amp;quot;  To date, the University of Minnesota has not taken official action against Myers for his inflammatory remarks, other than to remove the link to his blog from his faculty page.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1460&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PZ Myers followed through with his threat, desecrating a eucharist and tearing out pages of a copy of the [[Koran]] and a copy of [[Richard Dawkins]]' ''The God Delusion''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://discoverthefaith.com/2008/07/26/update-on-professor-myers-desecration-of-eucharist/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, Myers posted two vitriolic emails he had received and included the email addresses where they supposedly had come from. Predictably, his readers responded with their own threatening and harassing emails even though at the time it was not clear whether or not the email addresses had been spoofed  One was allegedly from someone at 1-800-Flowers, though the husband of the user of the address subsequently owned up to sending the e-mail.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The account owner was fired by the company. Myers commented on the firing, saying, &amp;quot;She apparently did something stupid, which I don't have sympathy for. I would just rather not see people getting fired over an e-mail message.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html?page=2)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers attempted to save face, claiming that the unsurprising behavior by his readers was not the intent behind his posting of the email addresses, and called for his readers to stop &amp;quot;dunning these people with email, threatening them back, signing them up for spam, or otherwise being a jerk.&amp;quot; These pleas fell on deaf ears, while PZ Myers continued to avoid doing the obvious thing in simply removing the email addresses from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/stop_it_now_please.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/mail_dump.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Creation Museum buffoonery===&lt;br /&gt;
In August 2009, Myers led a group of over 300 atheist and agnostic students on a tour of the [[Creation Museum]]. During the visit, the 52-year-old Myers eagerly climbed onto a dinosaur model which was clearly identified as being for children to sit on for photographs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/aroundtheworld/2009/08/16/children-and-the-creation-museum/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers donned a borrowed cowboy hat and was egged on by the cheers and laughter of the students.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQQl2TMrgbM&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Myers and Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
* Myers has banned all direct references and links to Conservapedia on his blog due to what he claims was &amp;quot;serious problems with spamming&amp;quot; involving Conservapedia members.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/10/conservapdia_has_a_new_project.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* Myers links directly to Conservapedia from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/i_should_add_these_to_my_cv.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scienceblogs.com/pharyngula Pharyngula] '''Non-family-friendly content warning.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Paul Zachary}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biologists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Atheists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionists]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{nb_Atheism}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782248</id>
		<title>PZ Myers</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=PZ_Myers&amp;diff=782248"/>
		<updated>2010-05-27T13:27:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dorchester: Added ref to link from Meyers blog&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Paul Zachary Myers''', better known as '''PZ Myers''', is a [[liberal]] [[evolutionist]] activist in the [[creation-evolution controversy]], contributing to [[The Panda's Thumb (blog)|The Panda's Thumb]] and [[Pharyngula (blog)|Pharyngula]] blogs.  Myers is also an associate [[professor]] of [[Biology]] at the [[University of Minnesota Morris]] (UMM)&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://citypages.com/databank/26/1303/article13908.asp?page=1 ''The Mad Scientist''] City Pages, Volume 26 - Issue 1303, November 23, 2005 Cover story&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers commented, while listening to [[Michael Behe]] lecture on [[Intelligent design]], that &amp;quot;In science, we scream a lot.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;citypages&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;  According to ''Evolution News'', he opposes democratically-elected school boards deciding how evolution should be taught; feeling that it should instead be done by &amp;quot;Scientists with years of training in the subject, and qualified science teachers who understand the fundamentals of the theory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Egnor, Michael [http://www.evolutionnews.org/2007/12/pz_myers_darwinists_know_whats.html ''P.Z. Myers: Darwinists Know What’s Best for Your Children''] Evolution News December 18, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PZ Myers and militant atheism ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers is an outspoken [[atheism|atheist]] who has openly advocated the elimination of religion, likening it to illiteracy.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.atheistrev.com/2008/03/pz-myers-on-eliminating-religion.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
His language is extremely militant at times, and laced with expletives.  In a diatribe in which he described those who believe in the Bible as &amp;quot;lunatics&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;bigots,&amp;quot; Myers said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|I say, screw the polite words and careful rhetoric. It's time for scientists to break out the steel-toed boots and brass knuckles, and get out there and hammer on the lunatics and idiots.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.archive.org/web/20070420142719/http://pharyngula.org/index/weblog/comments/perspective/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PZ Myers frequently rants against religion, religious people, and religious institutions (e.g. churches) on his blog. Myers has called evangelical Christianity &amp;quot;a blight upon the earth,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2006/03/left_or_right_religion_and_pol.php/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; religious people &amp;quot;ignorant, deluded, wicked, foolish, or oppressed victims of obsolete mythologies,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/im_surrounded.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and considers every church to be a &amp;quot;parasitic institution that contributes nothing to the tax base and encourages further ignorance in the population.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/07/how_do_you_save_small_town_cha.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unsurprisingly, Myers' radical, hateful views on religion and religious people are [[Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia|whitewashed from the Wikipedia article about him]] by pro-evolution/anti-Creationism/anti-Intelligent Design editors who are his fans. The Wikipedia article on [[Conservapedia]] lists Myers as a critic of Conservapedia founder [[Andy Schlafly]]'s attempts to secure [[Richard Lenski]]'s raw data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Debating ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, Myers participated in a debate with [[Discovery Institute]] fellow Geoffrey Simmons on [[Minneapolis]]/[[St. Paul]] radio station KKMS.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk5Y3VoBeVQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== ''Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed'' ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Myers appeared in the film ''[[Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed]]''. In the film, Myers compared religion to knitting and said it should be nothing more than &amp;quot;something fun that people get together and do on the weekend and really doesn't affect their life as much as it has been so far.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHiZjOH1NmQ&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Up to and after the release of the film, PZ Myers viciously attacked the film and its makers many times and engaged in bizarre behavior. Two of the most notable incidents involved his failed attempt to gate-crash a showing of the film at the [[Mall of America]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/21/science/21expelledw.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and his crashing and disruption (including plugging himself) of a conference call held by ''Expelled'''s producers after calling in early (likely to eavesdrop) and overhearing and then dishonestly using the phone code that allowed two-way communication.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYAblaZmogA&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/03/i_always_aim_to_misbehave.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Most bizarrely, in the latter incident, Myers interruption of the producers' call began with his referring to himself in the third person, probably in an attempt to conceal both his identity and the fact that he used a phone code he was not authorized to use.&lt;br /&gt;
=== Communion host ===&lt;br /&gt;
On July 8, 2008, PZ Myers posted an entry attacking Roman Catholic beliefs regards Communion.  He was reacting to a news story, in which a student at the University of Central Florida described a physical confrontation over his failure to consume a communion wafer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ' Snatched From Church, Held Hostage By UCF Student, July 5, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16798008/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Body Of Christ&amp;quot; Returned To Church After Student Receives Email Threats, July 7, 2008[http://www.wftv.com/news/16806050/detail.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After ridiculing some people as &amp;quot;petty, hateful, and stupid,&amp;quot; and asserting that &amp;quot;nothing makes them stupider than religion,&amp;quot; Myers requested that his readers steal consecrated Communion wafers for him, so that he could desecrate them on camera.  This rant predictably resulted in a strongly negative response from Catholics and those who support freedom of religious expression &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1459&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Myers has since complained about the &amp;quot;hate mail&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;death threats&amp;quot; he has received, comparing the defense of Communion to a &amp;quot;witch hunt.&amp;quot;  To date, the University of Minnesota has not taken official action against Myers for his inflammatory remarks, other than to remove the link to his blog from his faculty page.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.catholicleague.org/release.php?id=1460&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PZ Myers followed through with his threat, desecrating a eucharist and tearing out pages of a copy of the [[Koran]] and a copy of [[Richard Dawkins]]' ''The God Delusion''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://discoverthefaith.com/2008/07/26/update-on-professor-myers-desecration-of-eucharist/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meanwhile, Myers posted two vitriolic emails he had received and included the email addresses where they supposedly had come from. Predictably, his readers responded with their own threatening and harassing emails even though at the time it was not clear whether or not the email addresses had been spoofed  One was allegedly from someone at 1-800-Flowers, though the husband of the user of the address subsequently owned up to sending the e-mail.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The account owner was fired by the company. Myers commented on the firing, saying, &amp;quot;She apparently did something stupid, which I don't have sympathy for. I would just rather not see people getting fired over an e-mail message.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.networkworld.com/news/2008/071608-woman-fired-over-death-threat.html?page=2)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers attempted to save face, claiming that the unsurprising behavior by his readers was not the intent behind his posting of the email addresses, and called for his readers to stop &amp;quot;dunning these people with email, threatening them back, signing them up for spam, or otherwise being a jerk.&amp;quot; These pleas fell on deaf ears, while PZ Myers continued to avoid doing the obvious thing in simply removing the email addresses from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/stop_it_now_please.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/07/mail_dump.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Creation Museum buffoonery===&lt;br /&gt;
In August 2009, Myers led a group of over 300 atheist and agnostic students on a tour of the [[Creation Museum]]. During the visit, the 52-year-old Myers eagerly climbed onto a dinosaur model which was clearly identified as being for children to sit on for photographs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/aroundtheworld/2009/08/16/children-and-the-creation-museum/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Myers donned a borrowed cowboy hat and was egged on by the cheers and laughter of the students.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQQl2TMrgbM&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Myers and Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
* Myers has banned all direct references and links to Conservapedia on his blog due to what he claims was &amp;quot;serious problems with spamming&amp;quot; involving Conservapedia members.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2009/10/conservapdia_has_a_new_project.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
* Myers links directly to Conservapedia from his blog.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/i_should_add_these_to_my_cv.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.scienceblogs.com/pharyngula Pharyngula] '''Non-family-friendly content warning.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Myers, Paul Zachary}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biologists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Atheists]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionists]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{nb_Atheism}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dorchester</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>