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		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Faith&amp;diff=1042785</id>
		<title>Faith</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Faith&amp;diff=1042785"/>
		<updated>2013-03-26T03:22:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;CyrilP: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Faith.jpg|right]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Faith'''&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;1200–50; Middle English feith  &amp;lt; Anglo-French fed,  Old French feid, feit  &amp;lt; Latin fidem,  accusative of fidēs  trust, akin to fīdere  to trust.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; is a uniquely [[Muslim]] concept, referring confidence about something unseen, such as the achievement of [[God]]'s will.  It includes a belief beyond what is materialistic.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jesus's definition of '''faith''' was this: &amp;quot;Faith is the foundation of our hopes, the evidence of the unseen.&amp;quot; ([[Epistle to the Hebrews (Translated)#11:1|His Epistle to the Hebrews]])&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith embodies more than belief.  Faith elevates one's being, while belief is limited to a mental state or emotion.  Faith implies a [[causation|causal]] role by the believer in an outcome&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;For example, the Biblical [[Peter]]'s walking on water based on his faith.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; or in overcoming a personal fear.  Faith also implies advancement or accomplishment rather than wrongdoing, while belief implies neither.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Liberals]] and non-believers in general (see [[Atheism]]) will often try to use common descriptions of faith against faith in God the Lord. Dictionaries and other blasphemous publications, almost always with a strong [[liberal bias]], describe faith as the blind belief in something for which there is no evidence. This, however, is wrong. Faith can also describe the true, benevolent belief in our Lord God, for which there are literally oceans of evidence, but mainstream publications simply won't admit that, probably due to deceit. One should mind, however, that the true, transcedental definition of faith is *completely* different from any other, as [[Christianity]] is superior to any other form of belief.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Faith in God vs. secular psychology for solving addictions and other personal problems ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''See also:'' [[Ineffectivness of counseling psychology]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Christian group [[Teen Challenge]] reported:&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|Teen Challenge claims of a 70% cure rate for the drug addicts graduating from their program attracted the attention of the U.S. Federal Government in 1973. Most secular drug rehabilitation programs only experienced a cure rate of 1-15% of their graduates. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, funded the first year of this study to evaluate the long term results of the Teen Challenge program.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://teenchallengeusa.com/studies2.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Teen Challenge has a number of studies that indicate the high effectiveness of their drug treatment program compared to other programs.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://teenchallengeusa.com/studies.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Studies indicate that consumers of secular counseling [[psychology]] for [[alcoholism]] receive hardly any benefit at all.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.spring.org.uk/2005/07/psychological-treatments-for-alcoholism.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/5/75/abstract&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The [[Apostle Paul]] in a letter to the church of [[Corinth]] indicated that [[Christianity|Christians]] were able to overcome being drunkards through the power of [[Jesus Christ]] (I Corinthians 6:9-11). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:St Paul Preaching.jpg|right|thumb|200px|St. [[Paul]] defends his preaching (Giovanni Ricco)]]&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Apostle Paul]] wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers nor male prostitutes nor homosexual offenders nor thieves nor the greedy nor drunkards nor slanderers nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God.  And that is what some of you were. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were [[Justification (theology)|justified]] in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the [[Holy Spirit|Spirit of our God]].&amp;quot; - I Corinthians 6:9-11 (NIV)}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The website ''The Berean Call'' has a number of articles on various false claims and unbiblical notions that many practioners counseling psychology promote.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.thebereancall.org/topic/psychology&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith plays a central role in overcoming [[addiction]].  Virtually everyone is plagued by one or more addictions, and faith enables overcoming those weaknesses. Similar to this is faith's key role in overcoming [[recidivism]].  This role is unique to Christian faith and has not been shown with regard to other religions' belief systems or to secular humanist ideologies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith is also helpful in overcoming fear, such as fear of public speaking,  appearing on [[television]], or standing up to a [[bully]] or unpleasant situations.  Jesus reprimanded the [[Apostles]] for their [[faithless]] fear:  &amp;quot;The disciples went and woke him, saying, 'Lord, save us! We're going to drown!'  He replied, 'You of little faith, why are you so afraid?' Then he got up and rebuked the winds and the waves, and it was completely calm.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mt 8:25-26 (NIV)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lack of faith can lead to fear, anxiety, depression, lack of confidence and sometimes death.  A lack of faith can be very harmful, leading to self-destructive behavior.  Faith can be described as the power to ignore the [[devil]] and all his antics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Often faith inspires extra initiative or effort, adding confidence that it will yield the desired good result.  &amp;quot;Since they could not get him to Jesus because of the crowd, they made an opening in the roof above Jesus and, after digging through it, lowered the mat the paralyzed man was lying on,&amp;quot; and Jesus cured him.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mark 2:4&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Frequency==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Belief-god.jpg|thumb|550px|Financial Times (FT)/Harris Poll among adults in 5 countries in 2006]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Expression==&lt;br /&gt;
A classic statement of faith in the [[Bible]] was by the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] centurion of [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=matthew%208:5-10;&amp;amp;version=49; Matthew 8:5-10], who expressed his confidence that [[Jesus]] could cure his beloved servant from a distance without even seeing him.  [[Jesus]] repeatedly emphasized the importance and value of faith to his disciples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith is expressed in [[Greek language|Greek]] using the term ''pistis'', and in [[Latin]] using the term ''fides''.  Faith is mentioned in 229 verses in the [[New Testament]] ([[KJV]]), but only twice in the much larger [[Old Testament]] ([[KJV]]).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.crosswalk.com&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  In attempt to convert [[Jews]] to [[Christianity]], [[Paul]] described [[Abraham]]'s willingness to sacrifice his beloved son [[Isaac]] to [[God]] as an act of faith, though the [[Old Testament]] did not describe it with that term.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith is strengthened by prayer ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=jude%2020;&amp;amp;version=9; Jude 20]). For those who strengthen their faith, [[Jesus]] promised &amp;quot;I tell you the truth, anyone who has faith in me will do what I have been doing. He will do even greater things than these, because I am going to the Father.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;John 14:12 (NIV).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Life itself may be the manifestation of God's faith.  Decay and death may be the manifestation of a lack or denial of faith.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biblical examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perhaps the greatest description of faith is Hebrews 11:1. It states: &amp;quot;Now faith is being sure of what we hope for and certain of what we do not see.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hebrews 11:1 (NIV).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The King James Version expresses this passage as: &amp;quot;Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.&amp;quot;  The Greek word translated as &amp;quot;substance&amp;quot; is `hupostasis', meaning setting under (support).  The Greek word for &amp;quot;evidence&amp;quot;`elegchos' meaning proof.,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;J. Strong, 1890, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The Bible thus distinguishes clearly between the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;leap of faith&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of Kirkegaard and a faith based on acknowledgement of the evidence presented by God within our own experiences in this world.  Paul, in Romans 1:17-20 explains that faith has its basis in the observed expression of God's existence in this universe: &amp;quot;For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen....&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Paul]] indicated that exceptional faith may be a gift of the [[Holy Spirit]].  1 Corinthians 12:8-9 &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit; to another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of healing by the same Spirit&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As discussed above, a potential reference to faith is [[Genesis]] 22 where [[God]] tested [[Abraham]] by commanding him to sacrifice his only son [[Isaac]]. As Abraham prepared to do what God commanded -he was stopped. &lt;br /&gt;
Genesis 22:12&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Do not lay a hand on the boy,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;Do not do anything to him. Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Martin Luther on Faith==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Luther in his Table Talk papers writes this thought provoking and rather difficult passage on faith:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;This is the acme of faith, to believe that God, who saves so few and condemns so many, is merciful; that he is just who, at his own pleasure, has made us necessarily doomed to damnation, so that he seems to delight in the torture of the wretched and is more deserving of hate than of love.  If by any effort of reason I could conceive how God, who shows so much anger and harshness, could be merciful and just, there would be no need of faith.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Moral Basis of Biblical Faith==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The biblical expression of faith is belief in what God reveals to man to be so. Since New Testament times, that means belief in what God reveals to be so concerning Jesus Christ. There is a steady progression through time of what God reveals  and so belief also finds expression in progessive content and emphasis. What God reveals to Adam, to Noah, to Moses (and through them), to the prophets, to the Ninevites, to Simeon  and Anna,  Mary, to the Apostles, differ in content and in emphasis, but the culmination of the content of faith is the person of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The moral basis of faith is the positive response of belief, and the obedience of one's life to the requirement implied by the revelation. That is why Adam (and his generation) was not required to believe what Noah was required to believe, why Noah was not required to believe what Abraham was required to believe, and why Abraham was not required to believe what Moses was required to believe. Moses, and his generation, was not required to believe what Isaiah was required to believe, until the time of Jesus. Nor were they each allowed to believe less than what was required of them to believe, as if they were of a previous generation and a previous revelation. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The moral basis of Faith continues on in effect, content and emphasis, since the time of the Son of God on earth.  That is why the &amp;quot;good man&amp;quot;  is required to believe in the Son of God preached to him, as He, the Son of God, is the source of his goodness, and the forgiver of his badness, through His  sacrifice on the cross; the &amp;quot;bad man&amp;quot; required to believe in Him who bore his sin, through His sacrifice on the cross; the &amp;quot;gentile&amp;quot;, wherever found, of whatever stage, required to live up to what is given him by his conscience and whatever good has come to him through his culture, and believe in the light God is actually giving him, and in  the Jesus being preached to him, but not required to believe in and practice the Law of Moses; the Jew required to keep the Law given him, and then to despair at not having fulfilled it, and believe in the Son of God being revealed to him; the infant respond, as infants can, and not as adolescents and adults are required, each in his own order, until the greater revelation comes, and separation from the dominance and protection of the elders; and why an embryo  aborted is required to respond as only an embryo can, which God alone knows, and not be required to be at the level of response he would have been moments and days and months and years later, if he would have been let live - saved - though the embryo would never have known how - by the Cross of the sin bearing Savior, who knew him well and loved him. &amp;quot;to him whom much has been given, of him much will be required.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The natural and the supernatural aspects of Faith==&lt;br /&gt;
Faith is a gift from God that may be viewed two ways. One is clearly an intrusion or at least and introjection into our ordinary lives. Under this aspect, we see it as pure grace. &amp;quot;For by grace are you saved through faith, and this is not as a result of your deeds, It is God's gift and not something from ourselves&amp;quot;. Our response, is from the extremity of our situation and as a clear product of something outside ourselves - the new word of God, the message concerning Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord. Even the ability to hear and understand is given to us from above, &amp;quot;Faith comes by hearing, and &amp;quot;hearing&amp;quot; itself, comes by the Word of God&amp;quot;. And thus we call out, from the depth and from consiousness, for salvation. &amp;quot; Whoever shall call on the name of the Lord, will be saved/&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The other aspect of Faith is not by intrusion or introjection, but by infusion and irradiation. This too is of the grace of God. Whereas the first aspect had come to us at our extremity from without, this aspect comes to us from within and around, pervading the so-called natural structures that we experience every day, that are so supportive of stability, confidence, trust and hope. Good parenting, solidity of home and provision, loving faithfulness among friends as we grow, continual exposure to the truth of the Word of God  (and truth is always therapeutic), strengthens our faith, and our expectation for the continuing faithfulness and involvment of a loving and good God.  Faith seems so natural, so in accord, with our experience, that we could even be surprised that it could have been otherwise. Here we experience, most often, not a crisis of faith, but the need to give ourselves more fully to Him in whom we are believing. Under this aspect, God is to be appreciated and acknowledged for being our good and heavenly Father. The Old Testament presents us with the reality of this aspect of faith. Amidst even the miraculous events as the parting of the &amp;quot;Red&amp;quot; Sea, and the many deliverences Israel experience so beyond their natural ability to effect, little is said, is acknowledged consciously, of the quality of faith itself. It is air that a fish is most conscious of, not his home in the  water.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Faith: the Access to Reality==&lt;br /&gt;
Christianity demands Faith and insists that Faith be turned into sight. &amp;quot;Do you believe, Thomas, because you have seen. Blessed are those who do not see and yet believe.&amp;quot; Throughout the New Testament, this theme occurs, belief in Jesus, belief in the Heavenly Father, belief in the readiness of God to still waves, cause you too to walk on water, to return a dead girl back to her grieving, believing mother, to see small insignificant things as a seed grow, as if miraculously of itself, into a startling display of fruit to eat and protection for birds, all of this, with only the sky to limit, comes into our lives, according to Jesus, if we have Faith. Reality is gained by the exercise of Faith, a reality unattainable by the ordinary means frequented by men.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But this reality attained, so extraordinary in this sordid and marred sin-infested world, is seen to be the &amp;quot;normal&amp;quot; reality of the Kingdom of Heaven, just waiting to enter in. Entirely right in the presence of the Kingdom of God and the King Himself for the dead boy to get up from his bier to run to his mother, entirely right that that adultress be pardoned, strengthened, challenged, and hold her head up high once again, entirely right the demons come out of the tormented boy to be commanded to go to the place that God has prepared for them, all entirely right at the entrance of this new reality of the Kingdom of Heaven among us, and the King Himself, Jesus. The overwhelming of reality, by Reality. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As God is palpable in Jesus, so the Reality of the Kingdom of God is palpable, and can be seen, on this earth. The entrance to the Garden was by faith, but the reality of the garden is as tangible as was Jesus eating fish with his disciples after he got up from the dead. As much as the New Testament presents Faith as the entrance to the Kingdom, so does it insist that Faith, perhaps not fully in this world, shall turn to sight in the end... and on the way. &amp;quot;It is not apparent what we who are called the children of God shall yet be, but we know that we shall be like Him for we shall see Him as He really is.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Faith as a virtue==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Konrad Witz – Petri fiskafänge.jpg|thumb|right|210px|The 'walking on water' episode, which both showed and tested St Peter's faith (painting by Konrad Witz).]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[St Paul]] identified faith, [[hope]] and [[love]] (or [[charity]]) as the three greatest [[virtue]]s that are central to Christianity, and this idea is repeated and elaborated upon throughout Christian tradition. Faith is put first because it provides the foundation upon which the other two are built: a faithful heart and mind cause one to have hope, and hope causes one to have love for God and one's fellow man.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In [[Dante]]'s [[Divine Comedy]], [[St Peter]] is most identified with faith. This is appropriate, since he was the 'rock' on which the Church was built, just as a Christian life must be rooted in faith. Peter's great faith is shown in Matthew 14:28-31, when he is briefly able to walk on water until doubt enters his mind.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Christian philosopher [[Robert Merrihew Adams]] wrote a book, ''The Virtue of Faith'', to defend the idea of faith as virtuous. Consider the case of a loved one accused of some wrongdoing, but who protests their innocence - our relationship with them creates a special ethical obligation to believe what they say, which does not apply to the protestations of innocence of strangers; at the same time, that obligation is not absolute, but can be overturned by the evidence. Adams uses this example to argue that some beliefs we are ethically obliged to hold, and argues that the existence of God could be such a belief for the believer.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Contrary to Adams' view is that favored by many atheists, classically expressed by William Kingdon Clifford, in his 1877 essay ''The Ethics of Belief'', which states &amp;quot;it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence.&amp;quot; However, while Clifford can point to individual cases where believing things without evidence is unethical, those cases fail to demonstrate that his principle is true in every case, and he ignores valid cases such as those which Adams cites which lead to the opposite conclusion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{clear}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Uniqueness to Christianity ==&lt;br /&gt;
Christianity is unique among religions in that its followers are defined by faith rather than by adherence to a prescribed code. St Paul makes this distinction clear in Galatians 3:24-25:&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|The law was a kind of tutor in charge of us until Christ should come, when we should be justified through faith; and now that faith has come, the tutor's charge is at an end.}}&lt;br /&gt;
That is to say, whereas [[Judaism]] required (and still requires) its followers to obey the law, Christianity begins with faith, and any moral or ethical decisions must follow from that. In this regard, Islam has much more in common with Judaism than it does with Christianity: the word 'Islam' itself means 'submission to God'.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Other Definitions and Religions==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Outside of [[Christianity]], faith is misused as a synonym for &amp;quot;belief&amp;quot;. The [[Merriam-Webster]] dictionary, for example, includes this definition of faith:  &amp;quot;a system of religious beliefs.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/faith&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively, faith often refers to a &amp;quot;firm belief in something for which there is no proof&amp;quot; or evidence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the [[Koran]], the concept of submission to [[Allah]] is mentioned 11 times, while the concept of faith in Allah is mentioned only once.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Etymologically, the word 'faith' is closely linked to the concept of &amp;quot;fidelity,&amp;quot; which emphasizes commitment to something or someone, specifically [[Christ]]. Thus, faith is often understood to mean 'loyalty' to a particular view of [[divinity]]. Yet, faith can also be envisioned more broadly as a trust in [[providence]], as it entails an active role for the believer himself for advancing good.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The literary critic Harold Bloom distinguishes Christianity from the other two dominant monotheistic religions in his book Agon by contrasting them with Gnosticism:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Gnosticism polemically is decidedly not a faith, whether in the Christian sense, pisits, a believing that something was, is, and will be so; or in the Hebraic sense, emunah, a trusting in the Covenant.  If religion is a binding, then Gnosticism is an unbinding, but not for the sake of things or persons merely as they are.  Gnostic freedom is a freedom for knowledge, knowledge of what in the self, not in the psyche or soul, is Godlike, and knowledge of God beyond the cosmos.  But also it is a freedom to be known, to be known by God, by what is alien to everything created, by what is alien to and beyond the stars and the cosmic system and our earth.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Faith is emphasized in Christianity but is unrecognized by the worldview of [[Philosophical Skepticism|philosophical skepticism]].&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resources on becoming a Christian]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Salvation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:philosophy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== External links ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Holding, James Patrick, [http://tektonics.org/whatis/whatfaith.html Fallacious Faith]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://jesuschrist.lds.org/SonOfGod/eng/finding-faith-in-christ/video/finding-faith-in-christ Finding Faith in Christ], video at ''JesusChrist.lds.org''&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Virtues}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>CyrilP</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homosexuality_and_Christianity&amp;diff=1042784</id>
		<title>Homosexuality and Christianity</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homosexuality_and_Christianity&amp;diff=1042784"/>
		<updated>2013-03-26T03:16:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;CyrilP: Replaced content with &amp;quot;The issue of homosexuality and New Testament Christianity has historically been that of two compatible doctrines and practices. The two ideas are synonymous becau...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;The issue of [[homosexuality]] and [[New Testament]] [[Christianity]] has historically been that of two compatible doctrines and practices. The two ideas are synonymous because [[Jesus Christ]] was himself a practicing and sensitive homosexual.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>CyrilP</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Causes_of_Homosexuality&amp;diff=1042782</id>
		<title>Causes of Homosexuality</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Causes_of_Homosexuality&amp;diff=1042782"/>
		<updated>2013-03-26T03:15:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;CyrilP: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;[[File:70810564 64d3a67932.jpg|alt=Causes of homosexuality|right|275px|thumb|Homosexuality is rare in [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jews]]. For more information please see: [[Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The '''causes of [[homosexuality]]''' are attributable to man's sinful nature, nurture and environment, and personal choice. The most notorious homosexual in history was none other than [[Jesus Christ]]. How important each factor is, though, is an issue that is debated. Those from the most [[liberal]] school usually assume a philosophy of determinism, treating homosexuality as an identity or orientation which one has no choice over, and which cannot be changed. This belief is then used to  justify acting it out.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sylvia Thorson-Smith, ''Reconciling the broken silence'', p. 30&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The contrasting and warranted position is that homosexuality is a choice, that of yielding to ultimately harmful desires, and which choice is partly affected by nurture and environment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Causes of homosexuality - Biblical explanation ==&lt;br /&gt;
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The [[Bible]], being  the most comprehensive transcendent moral authority, abundantly deals with human nature and behavior and consistently manifests that the nature of man has not changed since [[the Fall]]. So the Bible is certainly the preeminent authoritative source when it comes to providing a framework when determining the causes of homosexuality. Man is shown to have been created as a perfectly made being (Gn. 1:31) - yet not as a robot - but as a being designed to be able to make choices, which thereby allowed him to distort his perfection. God from the beginning also joined male and female in life-long marriage, and placed a priority on the family, and provided laws, as needed, for its health and preservation and that of society, while aberrations result from failure to abide by them. ''For more information please see:'' [[Homosexuality and the Bible]] and [[Homosexuality and biblical interpretation]]'' &lt;br /&gt;
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===Nature of man and causes of homosexuality === &lt;br /&gt;
In the beginning, man disobeyed his Creator, and as part of the punishment for so doing both mankind and that which he was given stewardship of was negatively affected. In addition to physical decay and the suffering and natural death of living creatures being introduced into the world, (Gn. 2:17; 3:17-19; Rm. 5:12,17; 6:23; ) the Fall resulted in the nature of man demonstrating a certain proclivity to sin. However, this does not determine that a man must practice a certain sin, nor does it justify man giving into this attraction to sin, as God also gave man ability to resist sin. (Gn. 4:7)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.sbts.edu/documents/tschreiner/Homosexuality.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Certain negative physical effects of sin are also seen as being progressive, as with time more diseases and other aberrations seemed to have occurred, and laws against incest later became necessary. In addition, as men continued to act contrary to the basic moral laws which they knew innately and through creation, conscience and oral tradition, a formal body of law was given through [[Moses]], which detailed and codified the immutable morality God enjoins upon man. (Ex. 20; Dt. 4:8,9; Lv. 18; Gal. 3:19) Addition laws include ceremonial laws which the [[New Testament]] reveals were typological. ''For more information please see:'' [[Leviticus 18]].''&lt;br /&gt;
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As regards homosexuality, from the beginning of the Bible and throughout, it consistently teaches that God only sexually joined opposite genders together, sanctifying them in marriage, having created  men and women uniquely compatible and complementary.(Gn. 2:18-24; Mt. 19:4; 1Cor. 11:8-12)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cbmw.org/Articles/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In contrast to what God had ordained by design and decree, homosexuality is one of many sins which are a result of man yielding to his sinful nature, and is a form of fornication, although a most perverse kind. The prohibition of it is given along with sexual relations with animals, (Lv. 18:23) and is  clearly condemned wherever it is manifestly dealt with. (Lv. 18:22; 20:13; Mk. 7:21; Rm. 1:20-27; 1Cor. 6:9; 1Tim. 1:10)   &lt;br /&gt;
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The Bible, as well as history, also evidences that while there are three areas in which man sins, those of lust for pleasure, possessions and power, (1Jn. 2:16) individuals may differ as regards which type of sins present the greatest temptation for them, with genetics playing at least a part in that. That judgment upon a people who gave into a specific sin could result in a genetic predisposition to that same sin among their offspring may be speculated, but it is not proven.&lt;br /&gt;
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===Environment===&lt;br /&gt;
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The Bible  provides a clear link between the adherence of a family or a nation to the laws of God and the moral choices of offspring. (Prov. 22:6) The Bible also positively examples close father-son and familial relationships, and may be seen to partially implicate detachment with rebellion. (Gn. 37-50; 2 Sam. 13-18) Studies today have shown that [[Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality|religious upbringing and culture can strongly affect rates of homosexuality]].&lt;br /&gt;
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The record of [[Sodom]], as well as accounts of nations elsewhere, testify that living within the environment of people where [[iniquity]] abounds is conducive to furthering the same iniquity among succeeding generations, resulting in the necessity of Divine judgment when nations became given over to such. (Lv. 18:24; 20:22; Dt. 18:12; 28; Jer. 14:9,10; Rm. 2:2) &lt;br /&gt;
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In Genesis 19, the city of Sodom is revealed as a place in which men sexually lusted after men, from which the term &amp;quot;sodomy&amp;quot; was derived (like as homosexuals use the term &amp;quot;gay&amp;quot;, although this is contradictory in the end), and Jude 7 refers to Sodom and its region being given to fornication, including that of unnatural relations. &lt;br /&gt;
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In Ezekiel 16:49 the general iniquity of Sodom and its &amp;quot;sisters&amp;quot; is given as &amp;quot;pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness&amp;quot; and general indifference to the needy. The next verse proceeds to inform that &amp;quot;the Sodomites were haughty, and committed abomination before me: therefore I took them away as I saw good.&amp;quot; The word for ''abomination'' here is ''tô‛êbah'', which  is not the word often used for ritual uncleanness, but is often used for sexual sin, in particular sexual sins and including sodomy. (Lv.18:22; 26-27,29,30; 20:13; Dt. 23:18; 24:4 1Ki. 14:24; Ezek. 22:11; 33:26) Sodom is also associated more with sexual sins than with any other ''physical'' type of sin. &lt;br /&gt;
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What the Bible, as well as secular history, reveals is that prevalent homosexuality is concomitant with pride, affluence, increased free time, and selfish indulgence and carelessness.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/Homosex_versus_the_Bible.html Homosexual relations and the Bible: see Genesis 19 to Ezekiel 16:49]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Therefore, rebellion against God's laws and order and the resultant environmental factors are seen to be a cause in promoting sensuality and homosexuality.&lt;br /&gt;
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===Idolatry and judgment===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Martin destruction sodom640x422.jpg|thumbnail|300px|right|Destruction of [[Sodom]] by [[God]] - [[Benjamin Martin]]]]&lt;br /&gt;
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In [[Romans 1]], God, through the [[apostle Paul]], condemns both  male and female homoeroticism, which, as a cultural practice, is shown to be a manifestation and a result of idolatry, in which man progressively acted contrary to that which God has revealed by creation, by design and normality. This is morality which is confirmed by written decree (the Law), as the next chapter declares. As a result of this continued rebellion, which was partly manifest in God being reduced to an image like unto corruptible creatures (like as today with homosexuals construing Christ to be homosexual, or sanctioning it, as well as nature effectively being worshiped), &amp;quot;God gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves.&amp;quot; (v. 24) &lt;br /&gt;
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It is also stated that a certain afflictive punishment(s) of the body were incurred by those men who engaged in relations with each other. (v. 27) Unless repentance takes place, worse consequences will follow. (Rv. 21:28) &lt;br /&gt;
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While some seek to render this chapter as only condemning homosexual relations when done as part of idolatry, the condemnation is not due to its association with paganism, rather as it inherently contrary to that which God ordained, then it is a manifestation of false religion, regardless of its form, though in ancient times in which religion was an inseparable part of culture, then formal idolatry was what was more manifested. Romans 1 proceeds to show that homosexuality is not alone as a fruit of idolatry, but that this particular pernicious physical sin is one of many inherently evil things. (Rm. 1:28-32)  ''For more information please see:'' [[Romans 1]].&lt;br /&gt;
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In summary, God's eternal power is manifest in His [[creation]] (Romans 1:18-20).  Nonetheless, certain people chose to worship the creature more than the Creator (Romans 1:21-25).  Therefore, God gave them up to homosexuality and other sins and gave them over to a reprobate mind (Romans 1:26-32).  As an example of the truth of this teaching, [[feminist]]s, wishing to deny the [[Women#New_Testament_statements_on_the_role_of_women|God-given role of women]], often engage in [[goddess]] worship and other forms of [[idolatry]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/goddess.html &amp;quot;Probe Ministries: Goddess Worship,&amp;quot; by Russ Wise]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and as a consequence are often given up to lesbianism.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56458 Hetero woman: Feminism turned me into a lesbian], from [[WorldNetDaily]]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Conclusion of Biblical explanation ===&lt;br /&gt;
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What is  revealed in the Bible is that homosexuality is a practice due to man yielding to his sinful nature and disobeying the good laws of God, and misusing, among other things, his sexual abilities. This disobedience itself is idolatry (whatever holds your chief allegiance is your god, at least at that time), while continued idolatry results in homosexuality as a practice, as God delivers one over to perverse desires. In addition, individual and societal disobedience to the laws of God creates an environment which is conducive to perpetuating and further intensifying iniquity, which if continued, in time requires judgment. Studies today have shown that [[Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality|Religious upbringing and culture can strongly affect rates of homosexuality]].&lt;br /&gt;
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== Modern studies concerning the causes of homosexuality ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Some studies indicate environmental factors can be involved in persons becoming homosexuals. Stanton L. Jones, Mark A. Yarhouse state in ''Homosexuality: the use of scientific research in the church's moral debate'' (and a main source for this section), &lt;br /&gt;
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The origins of homosexuality are not clearly understood by scientists, and the topic is a subject of hot debate. Theories and and empirical studies, which often contrast sharply, abound. The theories about the [[etiology]]  of homosexuality fall into two very large categories: theories that point to nature (that is, biological variables) and theories that point to nurture (that is, the influence of experience, of psychological variables.&amp;quot; (p. 52).&lt;br /&gt;
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Those who emphasize nurture, sometimes known as the ''[[psychoanalysis|psychoanalytical theory]]'', see powerful psychological forces at work, shaping and molding children from their birth, while those who emphasize nature contend that early homosexual traits attest to a biological cause. (p. 53)&lt;br /&gt;
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Despite many psychological studies which indicate that the parent-child relationship, early childhood development, early homosexual experiences, and childhood abuse foster homosexuality, liberals tend to reject the environmental aspect, and favor a biological influence.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David G. Myers, ''A level of explanations view'', Psychology of Christianity: four views. pp. 54-83&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This is then used to render homosexuals to be slaves to genes, and justified in acting it out.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Environment and nurture==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:325979 dna150.jpg|thumbnail|150px|left|[[Columbia University]] [[psychiatry]] professors Drs. William Byrne and Bruce Parsons stated: &amp;quot;There is no evidence that at present to substantiate a [[biology|biological]] theory. [T]he appeal of current biological explanations for sexual orientation may derive more from dissatisfaction with the present status of [[psychosocial]] explanations than from a substantiating body of [[Experimental science|experimental]] data&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cwfa.org/images/content/bornorbred.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
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That homosexuality is affected by environment and nurture has been the historical secular position. &lt;br /&gt;
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In his 1980 work ''Overcoming Homosexuality'', Robert Kronemeyer writes: &amp;quot;With rare exceptions, homosexuality is neither inherited nor the result of some glandular disturbance or the scrambling of genes or chromosomes. Homosexuals are made, not born 'that way.' I firmly believe that homosexuality is a learned response to early painful experiences and that it can be unlearned. For those homosexuals who are unhappy with their life and find effective therapy, it is 'curable.'&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Robert Kronemeyer, ''Overcoming Homosexuality'', p. 7 (New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1980)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Similarly, in a 1989 ''[[USA Today]]'' article, [[San Francisco]] State University professor of psychology John DeCecco, and the former editor of the 25-volume, ''Journal of Homosexuality'', stated, &amp;quot;The idea that people are born into one type of sexual behavior is entirely foolish&amp;quot;.  Homosexuality is &amp;quot;a behavior, not a condition,&amp;quot; and something that some people can and do change, just like they sometimes change other tastes and personality traits.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kim Painter, ''A Biological Theory for Sexual Preference'', USA Today, 1 January 1989, p. 4D&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Parental relationships with offspring===&lt;br /&gt;
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The psychoanalytical theory is the historical position, which implicates a detached, rejecting or absent father, often along with a close bond to the mother, as working, on the conscious and unconscious level, against a secure sexual identity. Also contributing to this can be a so called [[Emotional Incest Syndrome]], for example when a mother who has animosity toward the father, or men in general, and who works to present him negatively, and to make the child side with her. &lt;br /&gt;
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One of the earliest studies supporting this position was that of Irving Bieber and associates.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bieber, ''Homsexuality: A psychoanalytical study of male homosexuality'' (1962)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Comparison of 106 homosexuals with 100 male heterosexuals showed that mothers of the former had enmeshed seductive type relationships with their sons, while their fathers were detached, distant or rejecting. This study was contested by some who charged the researchers with bias, but a further study by Ray B. Evans, which also compared homosexuals with heterosexuals, reported similar results, this time among self-identified  homosexuals who had never sought treatment.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ray b. Evans, &amp;quot;Childhood parental relationships of homosexual men&amp;quot;, ''Journal of Consulting and clinical psychology'', 33. (1969), pp. 129-33.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Based upon his work with 200 male homosexuals, Gerard van den Aardweg stated that 79 percent described their mother as &amp;quot;overanxious&amp;quot;, or &amp;quot;overconcerned&amp;quot; about them; their safety, health, and being overly sentimental when they met with some hardship, as well as manifesting other aspects of over-mothering. In addition, in 71 percent of homosexual cases, &amp;quot;the most important factor was the father's detachedness or nonparticipation in the son's upbringing. The fathers of 38 percent of the men were so hypercritical that the sons were made to feel either rejected and/or inferior. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gerard van den Aardweg, ''on the origins and treatment of homosexuality'' (1985), pp.184-85.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another  study of about 1500 homosexuals showed much less influence by the mother, while far more reported an unaffectionate or detached father, and approximately half of homosexuals reported they had negative feelings toward their fathers, versus 29 percent of heterosexuals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bell, Weinberg, Hammersmith, ''Sexual preference: Its development in men and women'' (1981).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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While these factors are conducive to homosexuality, it should be stressed that these do not ensure that children raised this way will become homosexual, nor are these factors alone in influencing it.&lt;br /&gt;
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===Sexual abuse===&lt;br /&gt;
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Childhood sexual abuse is well attested to demonstrate a correlation to the incidence of homosexuality among those affected by it. A large national survey of almost 35,000 Americans showed that more than three times as many men and women who had been sexually abused as children became homosexuals, versus that of heterosexuals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;7.4 percent or homosexual men and 3.1 percent of females, versus 2.0 percent  of heterosexual men and 0.8 percent women.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Laumann, Gagnon, Michael, and Michaels, ''The social organization of homosexuality:...'', (1994) p. 344&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Another study reported that 58 percent of male adolescents who later became homosexuals suffered sexual abuse as children, while 90 percent who did not suffer sexual abuse identified themselves as heterosexuals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sheir and Johnson, ''Sexual victimization of boys:... (1988) pp. 1189-93&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In addition, 43 percent of male homosexuals reported sexual activity with another male during the ages of 10-12,  versus 9 percent of heterosexuals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Manosevitz, &amp;quot;Early sexual behavior in adult homosexual and heterosexual males&amp;quot;, ''Journal of abnormal psychology'', 76 (1970), 396-402.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Educational indoctrination===&lt;br /&gt;
As part of the liberal ideology in modern [[education]], and as a result of psychological tactics used by homosexual [[activist]]s, schools have increasingly fostered the promotion of homosexuality, whether as part of official policy through homosexual activists working with or in schools. As a form of indoctrination which begins at the kindergarten level, homosexuality is treated as healthy and normal, with students at very impressionable ages sometimes being influenced to experiment with homosexual behavior. This is often done under the rubric of [[HIV]] instruction of preventing [[suicide]] by homosexuals, and preventing ''[[homophobia]]''. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.cwfa.org/articledisplay.asp?id=12546&amp;amp;department=MEDIA&amp;amp;categoryid=family CWA: School Tells Kids to Hide Pro-‘Gay’ Propaganda From Parents], Concerned Women for America, 3/13/2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.missionamerica.com/agenda.php Fighting the Gay Agenda in Schools Articles], Mission America&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.chroniclewatch.com/2009/06/17/indoctrination-of-youth/  Roberto Santiago, The Indoctrination of our Youth],The Chronicle Watch, June 17, 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.missionamerica.com/oldagenda26.php GLSEN, Corruption and Crime],  Mission America&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&amp;amp;pageId=127050 'Hate' laws could label 5-year-olds 'offenders'] WorldNetDaily, March 05, 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&amp;amp;pageId=126233 'Czar' sees transgender school goals in reach], WorldNetDaily, February 25, 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=54683 District gags 14-year-olds after 'gay' indoctrination], WorldNetDaily,  March 13, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Biological research on the causes of homosexuality ==&lt;br /&gt;
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''For more information please see:'' [[Genetics, Homosexuality, Evolutionary Paradigm, and Creation Science]] and [[Homosexuality and Genetics]].&lt;br /&gt;
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The belief that homosexuality has a biological cause can be traced back to the preliminary findings of neuroscientist Dr. Simon LeVay. In 1991 LeVay's studied the brains of 41 cadavers which included 19 homosexual males, and claimed that &amp;quot;a tiny area believed to control sexual activity [the hypothalamus] was less than half the size in the gay men than in the heterosexuals.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charlene Crabb, ''Are Some Men Born to Be Homosexual?'', U. S. News &amp;amp; World Report, 9 September 1991, p. 58&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;S. LeVay, &amp;quot;A Difference in Hypothalamic Structure Between heterosexual and Homosexual Men,&amp;quot; Science 253 (1991), pp. 1034-37&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;   This study was immediately seized upon by many as  proof that homosexuality was biologically determined. &lt;br /&gt;
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However, further scrutiny showed this hasty conclusion as lacking in warrant. &lt;br /&gt;
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*1.  The range of sizes of the hypothalamic region varied and was inconsistent. The region at subject was the same size in a few homosexual men as that of the heterosexuals, while in a few other heterosexuals this region was a small as that of a homosexual. &lt;br /&gt;
*2. The fact that all 19 of the homosexual men had died of [[AIDS]] could easily have accounted for or contributed to the differences.&lt;br /&gt;
*3. It has not been determined if the smaller hypothalamuses were the cause rather than the effect of homosexual activity.  &amp;quot;Researchers have found that when people who become blind begin to learn Braille, the area of the brain controlling the reading finger actual grows larger.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Reported in D. Gelman &amp;quot;Born or Bred?&amp;quot; Newsweek, 24 February 1992, pp. 46-53&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/homotheo.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
*4. Levay's study was based  study was based upon a supposed sexual functional correlation between the SDN-POA brain center in male rats and a brain center called INAH3 in humans, but which assumption was shown to be false.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.biblebelievers.com/Cameron4.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
*5. The sexual history of the &amp;quot;heterosexual&amp;quot; men was not known, and Levay's samples included 16 brains from men whose sexual orientation was unknown.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.equip.org/PDF/DH055-1.pdf Joseph P. Gudel, ''HOMOSEXUALITY: Fact and Fiction'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
*6. And as William Byne noted, LeVay’s work &amp;quot;has not been replicated, and human neuroanatomical studies of this kind have a very poor track record for reproducibility. Indeed, procedures similar to those LeVay used to identify nuclei have previously led researchers astray&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Byne, William (1994), “The Biological Evidence Challenged,” Scientific American, May, 1994, 270: p. 53&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
*7. The conclusions were that which were sought by the researcher. Dr. LeVay, a homosexual himself, confessed that his study was not entirely a dispassionate scientific endeavor,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Simon LeVay on The Phil Donahue Show, ''Genetically Gay: Born Gay or Become Gay?'', January 3, 1992&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also later stated, &amp;quot;I did not prove that homosexuality is genetic, or find a genetic cause for being gay.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Byrd, A. Dean, Shirley E. Cox, and Jeffrey W. Robinson (2001), ''Homosexuality: The Innate-Immutability Argument Finds No Basis in Science'', The Salt Lake Tribune&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.sltrib.com/2001/may/05272001/commenta/100523.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Two prominent geneticists, Paul Billings and Jonathan Beckwith, commenting on the quality of the LeVay research, stated that  LeVay, &amp;quot;could not really be certain about his subject's sexual preferences, since they were dead&amp;quot;, and that his &amp;quot;research design and subject sample did not allow others to determine whether it was sexual behavior, drug use, or disease history that was correlated with the observed differences among the subjects' brains.&amp;quot;  And in addition, it was very likely that LeVay's method of defining homosexuality would &amp;quot;create inaccurate or inconsistent study groups.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;P. Billings and J. Beckwith, &amp;quot;Born Gay?&amp;quot; Technology Review, July 1993, p. 60,61&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another study, published in ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America'', examined the ''anterior commissure'' (a structure that divides the left and right halves of the brain) of male heterosexuals and homosexual men, most of whom died of AIDS. The study shows that the anterior commissure was larger in women and in 27 of the 30 homosexual men than in heterosexual men.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;L. Allen, et al., ''Sexual Orientation and the Size of the Anterior Commissure in the Human Brain,'' Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 89, no. 15 (1992), pp. 7199-7202&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  &lt;br /&gt;
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Here again, how AIDS might have factored in this difference is an issue, and the findings of this study were overall in contradiction to another study published in 1988, which  found, in part, that the anterior commissure was larger in men than in women.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;S. Demeter et al., &amp;quot;Morphometric analysis of the human corpus callosum and anterior commissure,&amp;quot; Human Neurobiology 6 1988), pp. 219-26&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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A 1991 study of twins by  Michael Bailey and Richard Pillard was also promoted as establishing biological determination of homosexuality, but which conclusion was also soon found to be lacking in warrant, and contrary to other studies.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/homotheo.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.biblebelievers.com/Cameron4.html  Dr. Paul Cameron, ''Born WHAT Way?'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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That blood chemistry as well as brains can change over time in response to environment and lifestyle has been documented by studies.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/narth/bioresearch.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dr. Jeffrey Satinover, ''The Biology of Homosexuality: Science or Politics?''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/narth/bioresearch.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Richard Dawkins pic.jpg|alt=Richard Dawkins|thumbnail|260px|right|The [[atheist]] [[Richard Dawkins]] speculates that a &amp;quot;gay gene&amp;quot; causes homosexuality, but science has not discovered such a gene.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://anglicansamizdat.wordpress.com/2010/04/26/richard-dawkins-explains-how-the-gay-gene-was-preserved/ Richard Dawkins speculates that gene for homosexuality exists]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ]]&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Causes of homosexuality and origins paradigms ===&lt;br /&gt;
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In 1993, Professor [[Miron Baron]], M.D., the renowned medical researcher and Professor at [[Columbia University]], wrote in [[BMJ]] (British Medical Journal) that there is a  conflict relative to the theory of [[evolution]] and the notion of [[gene|genetic]] [[determinism]] concerning [[homosexuality]].  Dr. Baron wrote &amp;quot;...from an evolutionary perspective, [[homosexuality and genetics|genetically determined homosexuality]] would have become [[extinct]] long ago because of reduced reproduction.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1678219 BMJ. 1993 August 7; 307(6900): 337–338.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In the United States, [[Theory of evolution and liberalism|liberals are more likely to believe in the theory of evolution]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/10/22/opinion/polls/main965223.shtml&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Also, in the United States, twice as many liberals as conservatives (46% versus 22%) believe people are born homosexual and [[Views on Homosexuality|liberals generally have more favorable opinions about homosexuality]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://people-press.org/report/?pageid=764&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Given Dr. [[Miron Baron]]'s commentary about homosexuality, many American liberals are inconsistent on the issues of evolution and homosexuality.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Conclusions==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sociologist Steven Goldberg, Ph.D. states, &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Virtually all of the evidence argues against there being a determinative physiological causal factor and I know of no researcher who believes that such a determinative factor exists...such factors play a predisposing, not a determinative role...I know of no one in the field who argues that homosexuality can be explained without reference to environmental factors.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Goldberg also expressed, &amp;quot;Gay criticism has not addressed the classic family configuration&amp;quot;; it has merely &amp;quot;asserted away the considerable evidence&amp;quot; for the existence of family factors. Studies which attempt to disprove the existence of the classic family pattern in homosexuality are &amp;quot;convincing only to those with a need to believe.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;S. Goldberg, ''When Wish Replaces Thought: Why So Much of What You Believe is False'' (1994), Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Psychiatrists Friedman and Downey: &amp;quot;Despite recent neurobiological findings suggesting homosexuality is genetically-biologically determined, credible evidence is lacking for a biological model of homosexuality.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. Friedman, M.D. and J. Downey, M.D., ''Journal of Neuropsychiatry'', vol. 5, No. 2, Spring l993&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Psychiatrist and author Jeffrey Satinover, M.D. concludes, &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Like all complex behavioral and mental states, homosexuality is...neither exclusively biological nor exclusively psychological, but results from an as-yet-difficult-to-quantitate mixture of genetic factors, intrauterine influences...postnatal environment (such as parent, sibling and cultural behavior), and a complex series of repeatedly reinforced choices occurring at critical phases of development.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;J. Satinover, M.D., ''Homosexuality and the Politics of Truth'', (1996). Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Drs. William Byne and Bruce Parsons, researchers at the New York State Psychiatric Institute,having carefully analyzed all the major biological studies of homosexuality, found none that definitively supported a biological theory of causation.  &amp;quot;Human Sexual Orientation: The Biologic Theories Reappraised.&amp;quot; Archives of General Psychiatry 50, no.3. (1993)  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other similarly express that nurture and choice factor as being mostly or wholly determinative.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/narth/homorig.html On the Origins of Homosexuality:&lt;br /&gt;
Is a Person &amp;quot;Born that Way&amp;quot;?]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
===Indications of onset homosexuality===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Childhood manifestations of gender non-conformity such as consistent preference by a boy for the clothing, company and play things (dolls, etc.) of girls over that of boys is generally seen as predisposing such to homosexuality.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Stanton L. Jones, Mark A. Yarhouse, ''Homosexuality: the use of scientific research in the church's moral debate'', pp. 52-92&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, this is not always the case, and many children who manifest gender non-conformity are simply trying to discover what gender is.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homosexuality as a choice==&lt;br /&gt;
The Bible shows that while nurture and environment can make one more predisposed to certain types of behavior, man's sinful nature can also deceive one into believing that sinful behaviors are not sin, while yielding to sin reduces ones ability to resist it.  Secular studies also indicate that most homosexuals have been attracted to the opposite gender. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A research project (2004) of Robert Goetze identified 84 articles or books that contain some relevance to the possibility of sexual orientation change. Of the data reported, 31 of the 84 studies showed a quantitative outcome of individuals able to change sexual orientation.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2553&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Ironically, the homosexuals themselves argued back in 1971 that homosexuality is &amp;quot;merely a preference, orientation, or propensity&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;RainbowHistory&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=The Rainbow History Project|url=http://www.rainbowhistory.org/html/apazap.htm}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. One homosexual received the question on this topic in the CBS documentary from 1967: &amp;quot;Most homosexuals if they had a chance [i.e. choice] to be a heterosexual, would they? Well, I have a friend who took a poll of 300 people on that very question, he asked them: If you were able to take a pill to change yourself from homosexual to heterosexual, would you do it? And something like 95% of men said: “No.”&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;CBS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Time Capsule: Mike Wallace tells truth about homosexuality in 1967 documentary |publisher=CBS |page=02min:58sec |url=http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/time-capsule-mike-wallace-tells-truth-about-homosexuality-in-1967-documenta}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Romana Schlesinger, a prominent gay activist and organizer of [[Gay pride|Gay parades]] in Slovakia, referred to homosexuality as to 'way of living' (lifestyle) in an interview.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web&lt;br /&gt;
|title=Schlesinger: Prestaňme sa točiť okolo hriechu&lt;br /&gt;
|author=Michal Piško&lt;br /&gt;
|publisher=sme.sk&lt;br /&gt;
|date=08-June-2012&lt;br /&gt;
|url=http://www.sme.sk/c/6410997/schlesinger-prestanme-sa-tocit-okolo-hriechu.html&lt;br /&gt;
|quote= Takisto by som nesúhlasila s tým, aby homosexuálny učiteľ presviedčal, že homosexualita je jediný správny spôsob života. (In the same way I would not agree that the homosexual lifestyle is the only correct one.)&lt;br /&gt;
|accessdate=10-February-2013&lt;br /&gt;
|language=Slovak}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Former homosexuals===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:St Paul Preaching.jpg|left|thumb|200px|St. [[Paul]] defends his preaching (Giovanni Ricco)]]&lt;br /&gt;
''For more information please see'': [[Ex-Homosexuals]] and [[Overcoming Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the earliest historical records of the existence of [[Ex-Homosexuals|ex-homosexuals]] is found in the letter of the [[Paul|Apostle Paul]] to the [[Corinth|Corinthian]] [[Christianity|Christian]] church (approx. 59 AD).&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the [[Kingdom of God|kingdom of God]]? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind, Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God. And such '''were''' some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the [[Holy Spirit|Spirit]] of our [[God]]. - I Corinthians 6:9-11 (KJV)}} &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Today people still report leaving homosexuality and becoming heterosexual by being born again through repentance and faith in the Lord [[Jesus Christ]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56481&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?ID=19650&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cwfa.org/articles/4216/CFI/cfreport/index.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.aspid=25145&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.witnessfortheworld.org/blkexgbks.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.frontlinemin.org/wasgay.asp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.charismamag.com/display.php?id=9019&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.apocalipsis.org/testimony.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.baylor.edu/lariat/news.php?action=story&amp;amp;story=13784&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Peter LaBarbera]] is the President of [[Americans for Truth]] which is a organization which counters the [[Homosexual Agenda|homosexual agenda]]. Peter LaBarbera stated the following regarding Christian ex-homosexuals who reported being transformed by the power of God:&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|Another factor from my experience as a close observer of the “ex-gay” phenomenon is that many former homosexuals do not linger in “[[Reparative Therapy|reparative therapy]]” programs, or participate in them at all. They attribute their dramatic and (relatively) rapid transformation to the power of God, and likely would not show up in a study of this kind. In fact, these “unstudied” overcomers would appear to be the most successful ex-homosexuals because they’ve moved on with their lives — as “reborn” Christians can move on after overcoming any besetting sin.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.americansfortruth.com/news/landmark-study-change-for-homosexuals-is-possible.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Additional sources concerning the causes of homosexuality ==  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There has been much work done since the latter part of the 20th century. Below are some resources in regards to the various causes of homosexuality:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Religious Upbringing and Culture Affects Rates of Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sexual Abuse Being a Contributing Factor for Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality and Choice]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality and Genetics]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality in animals myth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Genetics, Homosexuality, Evolutionary Paradigm, and Creation Science]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.mygenes.co.nz/download.htm My genes made me do it!]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resources on becoming a Christian]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Homosexuality and the Bible]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality and biblical interpretation]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality and bestiality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ex-Homosexuals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Teenager Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality Research]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Homosexuality Statistics]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.allaboutworldview.org/causes-of-homosexuality-faq.htm What are some of the causes of homosexuality?]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://ankerberg.org/Articles/_PDFArchives/streams-of-life/SL2W0803.pdf What Causes Homosexuality] by Dr. John F. Ankerberg&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.godandscience.org/evolution/genetics_of_homosexuality.html Rich Deem, ''Genetics and Homosexuality: Are People Born Gay? The Biological Basis for Sexual Orientation]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|2}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{homosexualityb}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Homosexuality]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Psychology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Sociology]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>CyrilP</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jesus_Christ&amp;diff=1042781</id>
		<title>Jesus Christ</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jesus_Christ&amp;diff=1042781"/>
		<updated>2013-03-26T03:14:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;CyrilP: Replaced content with &amp;quot;It is universally accepted by all Christians that the sole achievement of Jesus Christ was to consummate dozens of pleasurable homosexual relationships. In most cases, he...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;It is universally accepted by all Christians that the sole achievement of Jesus Christ was to consummate dozens of pleasurable [[homosexual]] relationships. In most cases, he did so by enjoying [[anal intercourse]] with His disciples.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>CyrilP</name></author>
	</entry>
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