Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Walter Joseph Hickel

2011-06-15T03:59:37Z

Cristiana55: Adding a few details

'''Walter Joseph "Wally" Hickel''' (August 18, 1919 – May 7, 2010) was an American politician who was elected [[Governor]] of [[Alaska]] in 1966, but resigned in 1969 to serve as [[Secretary of the Interior]] under [[President]] [[Richard Nixon]]. He was elected to a second term as Governor in 1990. Hickel was a [[Republican]], and a strong [[environmentalist]]. As Governor, he did not advocate offshore oil drilling.

As Interior Secretary he wrote President Nixon a letter criticizing his [[Vietnam War]] policy and his handling of the [[Kent State protests]] that ended in tragedy. Nixon fired Hickel over the letter.<ref>http://www.adn.com/2010/05/17/1282218/memorial-for-walter-hickel-begins.html</ref>

Back home in Anchorage, Alaska, he continued his development and investment businesses from an office in the Hotel Captain Cook, Alaska's finest, which he built after the 1964 earthquake.<ref>http://www.frommers.com/destinations/anchorage/H23831.html</ref>

Hickel died in Anchorage and was buried standing up. He had said, "I want to be buried standing up, so when I get to heaven I can come out fighting.”<ref>http://www.newsminer.com/view/full_story/7746556/article-Even-in-death--Wally-Hickel-wanted-to-stand-up-for-Alaska</ref>

{{reflist}}

[[Category:United States Appointed Officials]]
[[Category:Alaska Governors]]
[[Category:Republican Governors]]

Lyndon B. Johnson

2011-06-15T01:20:07Z

Cristiana55: Move comment on lying from high school to college

{{Officeholder
|name=Lyndon B. Johnson
|image=Lyndon johnson.jpg
|party=[[Democrat]]
|spouse=[[Lady Bird Johnson]]
|religion=[[Disciple of Christ]]
|offices=
{{Officeholder/president
|country=the United States
|number=36th
|terms=November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969
|vp=[[Hubert Humphrey]]
|preceded=[[John F. Kennedy]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Richard Nixon]]
}}
{{Officeholder/vice president
|country=the United States
|number=37th
|terms=January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963
|president=[[John F. Kennedy]]
|preceded=[[Richard Nixon]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Hubert Humphrey]]
}}
{{Officeholder/senator
|state=Texas
|terms=January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1961
|preceded=W. Lee O'Daniel
|former=y
|succeeded=[[William Blakley]]
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=Texas
|district=10th
|terms=April 10, 1937 – January 3, 1949
|preceded=[[James P. Buchanan]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Homer Thornberry]]
}}
}}
'''Lyndon Baines Johnson''' (1908–1973), often referred to as '''LBJ''', was the 36th [[President of the United States of America]] (1963–1969). After serving in the House and Senate since 1937, Johnson was elected Vice President in 1960, and in November, 1963, he succeeded to the presidency following President [[John F. Kennedy]]'s assassination. Although he had a reputation as a moderate in the 1950s, he seized the leadership of liberalism as president, moved the [[Democratic Party]] to the left, and pushed through Congress the [[Great Society]], comprising liberal legislation including civil rights laws, Medicare (free health care for the elderly), Medicaid (free health care for the poor), aid to education, and a major "War on Poverty". Simultaneously, he escalated the American involvement in the [[Vietnam War]], from 16,000 American soldiers in 1963 to 550,000 in early 1968.

Johnson won reelection in a landslide in 1964 over conservative leader [[Barry Goldwater]], and in 1965 succeeded in obtaining new liberal legislation. Johnson's popularity steadily declined after 1966 and his reelection bid in 1968 collapsed as a result of turmoil in his Democratic party over Vietnam, race, and widespread crime and rioting. He withdrew from the race to concentrate on peacemaking. Johnson was renowned for his domineering personality and arm twisting of powerful politicians.

==Early years==
Johnson was maternally descended from a pioneer Baptist clergyman, George Washington Baines, who pastored numerous small rural churches in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Baines was also the president of [[Baylor University]] during the [[American Civil War]]. George Baines was the grandfather of Johnson's mother, Rebekah Baines Johnson.

Johnson was born in Stonewall, Texas, in a small farmhouse in a poor farming area along the Pedernales River. His parents, Samuel Ealy Johnson, Jr. and the former Rebekah Baines, had three girls and two boys. The nearby village of Johnson City, Texas, was named after a relative who came from Georgia. In school, Johnson was an awkward, talkative youth and was elected president of his eleventh-grade class.<ref>www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/36_l_johnson/tguide/l_johnson_dk.html</ref> He graduated from Johnson City High School in 1924.<ref>http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biographys.hom/lbj_bio.asp</ref>

In 1926, Johnson enrolled in Southwest Texas State Teachers' College (now called Texas State University-San Marcos). He worked his way through school, participated in debate and campus politics, edited the school newspaper, and graduated in 1931. Biographer Robert Caro asserts he was known as "the biggest liar on campus." <ref>Caro, Robert A. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power. New York: Alfred A Knopf, Inc. 1982. p. xx</ref> The college years refined his remarkable skills of persuasion and political organization. One year Johnson taught mostly Mexican American children at the Welhausen School in Cotulla, Texas. When he returned to San Marcos in 1965, after having signed the [[Higher Education Act]], Johnson looked back:
:"''I shall never forget the faces of the boys and the girls in that little Welhausen Mexican School, and I remember even yet the pain of realizing and knowing then that college was closed to practically every one of those children because they were too poor. And I think it was then that I made up my mind that this Nation could never rest while the door to knowledge remained closed to any American''."<ref> see [http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/lbjforkids/edu_whca370-text.shtm "Remarks at Southwest Texas State College Upon Signing the Higher Education Act of 1965"]</ref>

==Early political career==
After graduation, Johnson briefly taught public speaking at Genesee Community College and debate in a Houston high school, then entered politics. Johnson's father had served five terms in the Texas legislature and was a close friend to one of Texas's rising political figures, Congressman [[Sam Rayburn]]. In 1930, Johnson campaigned for Texas state Senator Welly Hopkins in his run for Congress. Hopkins recommended him to Congressman [[Richard M. Kleberg]], who appointed Johnson as Kleberg's legislative secretary. LBJ was elected speaker of the "Little Congress," a group of Congressional aides, where he cultivated Congressmen, newspapermen and lobbyists. Johnson's friends soon included aides to President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], as well as fellow Texans such as Vice President [[John Nance Garner]]. He became a surrogate son to Sam Rayburn.

Johnson married Claudia Alta Taylor (already nicknamed "Lady Bird") of Karnack, Texas on November 17, 1934 after she had attended Georgetown University Law School for several months. They had two daughters, Lynda Bird Johnson, born in 1944, and Luci Baines Johnson, born in 1947. Johnson enjoyed giving people and animals his own LBJ initials; his daughters' given names are examples, as was his dog Little Beagle Johnson.

In 1935, he was appointed head of the Texas [[National Youth Administration]] (NYA), which enabled him to use the government to create educational and job opportunities for young people. He resigned two years later to run for Congress. Johnson was a notoriously tough boss throughout his career, often demanding long workdays and work on weekends; he worked as hard as any of them.<ref> Woods, (2006), p. 131 </ref>

==House years==
Johnson resigned from his NYA job in 1937 to run successfully in a special election for a seat in the [[House of Representatives]] representing [[Austin, Texas|Austin]] and the surrounding Hill Country. He ran on a [[New Deal]] platform and was effectively aided by his wife, Lady Bird Johnson.

President Roosevelt found Johnson to be a welcome ally and conduit for information, particularly with regards to issues concerning internal politics in Texas (informally dubbed "Operation Texas") and the machinations of Vice President Garner and House Speaker Sam Rayburn. Johnson was immediately appointed to the powerful Naval Affairs Committee. He worked for rural electrification and other improvements for his district. Johnson steered the projects towards contractors which he personally knew, such as the Brown Brothers, Herman and George, who would finance much of Johnson's future career.<ref>Caro, (1982) is full of details.</ref> In 1941, he ran for the U.S. Senate (while not giving up his House seat) in a special election against the sitting governor, radio personality W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel. Johnson was not expected to win against the popular governor, but he ran a strong race and was declared the winner in unofficial returns. He ultimately was defeated by controversial official returns in an election marked by massive fraud on the part of both campaigns.

In 1948, Johnson ran in another controversial Senate race, this time against former governor Coke Stevenson. After no candidate won a majority of the votes in the election, Johnson defeated Stevenson in a run-off election. After joining the Senate, Johnson established relationships with several senior senators, including [[Richard Russell]]. Johnson was appointed to the powerful [[Armed Services Committee]] in 1950, which brought him into the public spotlight. He became the leader of the [[Democratic Party]] in the Senate in 1953. Johnson sought the Democratic nomination for president prior to the [[United States presidential election, 1960|1960 election]], but accepted the nomination for vice-president following Kennedy's nomination.

==Presidency==
Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn into the [[President of the United States of America|Office of the President]] just hours after John F. Kennedy was assassinated. The [[Oath of Office]] took place aboard [[Air Force One]] (en route to [[Washington DC]] from [[Dallas]]), was administered by [[Sarah T. Hughes]] (one of the first justices to hear and write the decision for [[Roe v. Wade]] in favor of [[abortion]]). <ref>University of North Texas Libraries, Sarah T. Hughes Collection, http://www.library.unt.edu/archives/historical-manuscripts/historical-manuscripts-exhibits/hughes/</ref> Also, since no Bible could be found aboard Air Force One, Johnson recited the oath with his hand on a [[Roman Catholic]] [[missal]] instead.<ref>New York Times, "After a Time of Tragedy, a Beginning Toward the 'Great Society,'" January 1973. Online at http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/04/12/specials/johnson-tragedy.html</ref>

As President, Johnson greatly expanded the federal government with his [[Great Society]] programs. He played a key role in helping the [[civil rights movement]] win legislative victories, pushing for the adoption of the Civil Rights Act (1964), which outlawed segregation, and the Voting Rights Act (1965), which guaranteed African-Americans' right to vote. He also greatly expanded American involvement in [[Vietnam]] (see [[Vietnam War]]). Although Johnson won the 1964 presidential election in a landslide over Republican [[Barry Goldwater]], his popularity plunged as the death toll from the conflict in Vietnam steadily increased. In early 1968, faced with plummeting poll numbers and mounting public opposition to his foreign policy, Johnson announced that he would neither seek nor accept his party's nomination for the presidency in 1968. It is widely thought that had he run, he would have been trounced in the primaries or in the subsequent general election - eventually won by Republican [[Richard M. Nixon]].

==References==
<references/>

==Bibliography==
===Biographies===
* Caro, Robert A. ''The Years of Lyndon Johnson'' (3 volumes as of 2006): ''The Path to Power'' (1982); ''Means of Ascent'' (1990); ''Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson'' (2002). The most detailed biography, extends to 1960; generally hostile to LBJ; See Dallek and Woods for balanced biographies; [http://www.amazon.com/Path-Power-Years-Lyndon-Johnson/dp/0679729453/ref=sr_1_2/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-2 vol 1 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]; [http://www.amazon.com/Means-Ascent-Years-Lyndon-Johnson/dp/067973371X/ref=sr_1_3/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-3 vol 2 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]; [http://www.amazon.com/Master-Senate-Lyndon-Johnson-Vintage/dp/0394720954/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-1 vol 3 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Dallek, Robert. ''Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1908–1960'' (1991), [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=59394514 online edition vol 1]; ''Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961–1973'' (1998) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65196503 online edition vol 2]; also: '' Lyndon B. Johnson: Portrait of a President'' (2004). A 400-page abridged version of his 2 volume scholarly biography, [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103184871 online edition of short version].
* Goodwin, Doris Kearns. ''Lyndon Johnson & the American Dream'' (1977). A character study.
* Schulman, Bruce J. ''Lyndon B. Johnson and American Liberalism: A Brief Biography with Documents'' (1995)
* Woods, Randall. ''LBJ: Architect of American Ambition'' (2006). A highly detailed scholarly biography (1000 pages). [http://www.amazon.com/LBJ-Architect-American-Randall-Woods/dp/0684834588/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189835998&sr=1-1 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]

===Presidential years===
* Altschuler, Bruce E.; ''LBJ and the Polls'' (1990) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37809550 online edition]
* Andrew, John A. ''Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society'' (1999) 224 pp. [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1566631858/ref=sib_dp_pt/103-4827826-5463040#reader-link excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Bernstein, Irving. ''Guns or Butter: The Presidency of Lyndon Johnson'' 1994.
* Bornet, Vaughn Davis. ''The Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson''. 1983
* Branch, Taylor. ''Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63'' (1989) [http://www.amazon.com/Parting-Waters-America-Years-1954-63/dp/0671687425/ref=sr_1_31?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208722057&sr=1-31 excerpt and text search]
* Branch, Taylor. ''Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963-65'' (1999) [http://www.amazon.com/Pillar-Fire-America-Years-1963-65/dp/0684848090/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208722178&sr=1-5 excerpt and text search]
* Branch, Taylor. ''At Canaan's Edge: America in the King Years, 1965-68'' (2007)
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 1: Foreign Policy, the Great Society and the White House.'' 1981; essays by scholars
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 2: Vietnam, the Environment, and Science.'' 1987; essays by scholars
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 3: LBJ at Home and Abroad''. 1994; essays by scholars [http://www.amazon.com/Johnson-Years-Three-Home-Abroad/dp/0700606556/ref=sr_1_5/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-5 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Firestone, Bernard J., and Robert C. Vogt, eds. ''Lyndon Baines Johnson and the Uses of Power.'' (1988); essays by scholars [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=23324778 online edition]
* Graham, Hugh Davis. ''The Civil Rights Era: Origins and Development of National Policy, 1960-1972'' (1990)
* Gould, Lewis L. ''Lady Bird Johnson and the Environment.'' 1988.
* Lichtenstein, Nelson, ed. ''Political Profiles: The Johnson Years''. 1976. short biographies of 400+ key politicians
* Mann, Robert. ''The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell, and the Struggle for Civil Rights.'' 1996.
* Milkis, Sidney M. and Jerome M. Mileur, eds. ''The Great Society And The High Tide Of Liberalism'' (2005) 490pp of essays by scholars; [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1558494936/ref=sib_dp_pt/103-4827826-5463040#reader-link excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Redford, Emmette S., and Marlan Blissett. ''Organizing the Executive Branch: The Johnson Presidency.'' 1981.
* Shesol, Jeff. ''Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud That Shaped a Decade'' 1997.
* White, Theodore H. ''The Making of the President, 1964'' 1965. [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Zarefsky, David. ''President Johnson's War on Poverty'' 1986.

===Vietnam===
* Barrett, David Marshall. ''Advice and Dissent: An Organizational Analysis of the Evolution of Lyndon Johnson's Vietnam Advisory System, 1965–1968.'' (University of Notre Dame, 1990)
* Berman, Larry. ''Lyndon Johnson's War: The Road to Stalemate in Vietnam'' (1991)
* Brands, H. W. ''The Wages of Globalism: Lyndon Johnson and the Limits of American Power '' (1997)
* Casey, Francis Michael. ''The Vietnam Policy of President Lyndon Baines Johnson in Response to the Theory of the Protracted Conflict as Applied in the Politics of Indochina: A Case Study of Threat Perception and Assessment in the Crisis Management Process of a Pluralistic Society.'' (Claremont Graduate School, 1976)
* Cherwitz, Richard Arnold. ''The Rhetoric of the Gulf of Tonkin: A Study of the Crisis Speaking of President Lyndon B. Johnson.'' (University of Iowa, 1978)
* Goodnight, Lisa Jo. ''The Conservative Voice of a Liberal President: An Analysis of Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam Rhetoric.'' (Purdue University, 1993)
* Kaiser, David E. ''American tragedy: Kennedy, Johnson, and the origins of the Vietnam War.'' (Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000) ISBN 0-674-00225-3
* Logevall, Fredrik Bengt Johan. ''Fear to Negotiate: Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War, 1963–1965.'' (Yale University, 1993)
* Turner, Kathleen Jane. ''The Effect of Presidential-Press Interaction on Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam War Rhetoric.'' (Purdue University, 1978)
* Vandiver, Frank E. ''Shadows of Vietnam: Lyndon Johnson's Wars'' (1997) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=53311933 online edition]
* Woods, Randall B. "The Politics of Idealism: Lyndon Johnson, Civil Rights, and Vietnam," ''Diplomatic History'' (2007) 31 (1), 1–18. [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/J.1467-7709.2007.00599.X online at Blackwell-Synergy]]

==Primary sources==
* Barrett David M. ed. "Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam Papers: A Documentary Collection" (1997). Documents from LBJ Library and other archives.
* Beschloss Michael R. ed. ''Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963–1964'' (1997). Transcribed recordings of LBJ's phone calls.
* Beschloss, Michael R. ed. ''Reaching for Glory: Lyndon Johnson's Secret White House Tapes, 1964-1965'' (2002) [http://www.amazon.com/Reaching-Glory-Lyndon-Johnsons-1964-1965/dp/074322714X/ref=sr_1_7/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-7 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Califano Joseph A., Jr. ''The Triumph & Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson'' (1991). By a cabinet member.
* [http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/publications/ERP/ Council of Economic Advisors, ''Economic Report of the President'' (annual 1947- )], complete series online; important analysis of current trends and policies, plus statistcial tables
* Gallup, George H. ed. ''The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935–1971, volume 3: 1959–1971'' (1972). Summary of poll data.
* Johnson Lyndon B. ''The Vantage Point: Perspectives on the Presidency, 1963–1969'' (1971). LBJ's memoirs.
* ''Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Lyndon B. Johnson'' (10 volumes, GPO, 1965-70). All speeches and official statements.
* Reedy, George ''Lyndon B. Johnson: A Memoir'' (1982), ISBN 0-8362-6610-2. A memoir by the press secretary.

{{USPresidents}}
{{USVicePresidents}}
{{DEFAULTSORT: Johnson, Lyndon B.}}

[[Category:Democratic Party]]

Lyndon B. Johnson

2011-06-14T00:14:54Z

Cristiana55: /* Early years */ Copyediting and citing

{{Officeholder
|name=Lyndon B. Johnson
|image=Lyndon johnson.jpg
|party=[[Democrat]]
|spouse=[[Lady Bird Johnson]]
|religion=[[Disciple of Christ]]
|offices=
{{Officeholder/president
|country=the United States
|number=36th
|terms=November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969
|vp=[[Hubert Humphrey]]
|preceded=[[John F. Kennedy]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Richard Nixon]]
}}
{{Officeholder/vice president
|country=the United States
|number=37th
|terms=January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963
|president=[[John F. Kennedy]]
|preceded=[[Richard Nixon]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Hubert Humphrey]]
}}
{{Officeholder/senator
|state=Texas
|terms=January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1961
|preceded=W. Lee O'Daniel
|former=y
|succeeded=[[William Blakley]]
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=Texas
|district=10th
|terms=April 10, 1937 – January 3, 1949
|preceded=[[James P. Buchanan]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Homer Thornberry]]
}}
}}
'''Lyndon Baines Johnson''' (1908–1973), often referred to as '''LBJ''', was the 36th [[President of the United States of America]] (1963–1969). After serving in the House and Senate since 1937, Johnson was elected Vice President in 1960, and in November, 1963, he succeeded to the presidency following President [[John F. Kennedy]]'s assassination. Although he had a reputation as a moderate in the 1950s, he seized the leadership of liberalism as president, moved the [[Democratic Party]] to the left, and pushed through Congress the [[Great Society]], comprising liberal legislation including civil rights laws, Medicare (free health care for the elderly), Medicaid (free health care for the poor), aid to education, and a major "War on Poverty". Simultaneously, he escalated the American involvement in the [[Vietnam War]], from 16,000 American soldiers in 1963 to 550,000 in early 1968.

Johnson won reelection in a landslide in 1964 over conservative leader [[Barry Goldwater]], and in 1965 succeeded in obtaining new liberal legislation. Johnson's popularity steadily declined after 1966 and his reelection bid in 1968 collapsed as a result of turmoil in his Democratic party over Vietnam, race, and widespread crime and rioting. He withdrew from the race to concentrate on peacemaking. Johnson was renowned for his domineering personality and arm twisting of powerful politicians.

==Early years==
Johnson was maternally descended from a pioneer Baptist clergyman, George Washington Baines, who pastored numerous small rural churches in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Baines was also the president of [[Baylor University]] during the [[American Civil War]]. George Baines was the grandfather of Johnson's mother, Rebekah Baines Johnson.

Johnson was born in Stonewall, Texas, in a small farmhouse in a poor farming area along the Pedernales River. His parents, Samuel Ealy Johnson, Jr. and the former Rebekah Baines, had three girls and two boys. The nearby village of Johnson City, Texas, was named after a relative who came from Georgia. In school, Johnson was an awkward, talkative youth with a tendency to lie(Citation needed.) and was elected president of his eleventh-grade class.<ref>www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/36_l_johnson/tguide/l_johnson_dk.html</ref> He graduated from Johnson City High School in 1924.<ref>http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biographys.hom/lbj_bio.asp</ref>

In 1926, Johnson enrolled in Southwest Texas State Teachers' College (now called Texas State University-San Marcos). He worked his way through school, participated in debate and campus politics, edited the school newspaper, and graduated in 1931. The college years refined his remarkable skills of persuasion and political organization. One year Johnson taught mostly Mexican American children at the Welhausen School in Cotulla, Texas. When he returned to San Marcos in 1965, after having signed the [[Higher Education Act]], Johnson looked back:
:"''I shall never forget the faces of the boys and the girls in that little Welhausen Mexican School, and I remember even yet the pain of realizing and knowing then that college was closed to practically every one of those children because they were too poor. And I think it was then that I made up my mind that this Nation could never rest while the door to knowledge remained closed to any American''."<ref> see [http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/lbjforkids/edu_whca370-text.shtm "Remarks at Southwest Texas State College Upon Signing the Higher Education Act of 1965"]</ref>

==Early political career==
After graduation, Johnson briefly taught public speaking at Genesee Community College and debate in a Houston high school, then entered politics. Johnson's father had served five terms in the Texas legislature and was a close friend to one of Texas's rising political figures, Congressman [[Sam Rayburn]]. In 1930, Johnson campaigned for Texas state Senator Welly Hopkins in his run for Congress. Hopkins recommended him to Congressman [[Richard M. Kleberg]], who appointed Johnson as Kleberg's legislative secretary. LBJ was elected speaker of the "Little Congress," a group of Congressional aides, where he cultivated Congressmen, newspapermen and lobbyists. Johnson's friends soon included aides to President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], as well as fellow Texans such as Vice President [[John Nance Garner]]. He became a surrogate son to Sam Rayburn.

Johnson married Claudia Alta Taylor (already nicknamed "Lady Bird") of Karnack, Texas on November 17, 1934 after she had attended Georgetown University Law School for several months. They had two daughters, Lynda Bird Johnson, born in 1944, and Luci Baines Johnson, born in 1947. Johnson enjoyed giving people and animals his own LBJ initials; his daughters' given names are examples, as was his dog Little Beagle Johnson.

In 1935, he was appointed head of the Texas [[National Youth Administration]] (NYA), which enabled him to use the government to create educational and job opportunities for young people. He resigned two years later to run for Congress. Johnson was a notoriously tough boss throughout his career, often demanding long workdays and work on weekends; he worked as hard as any of them.<ref> Woods, (2006), p. 131 </ref>

==House years==
Johnson resigned from his NYA job in 1937 to run successfully in a special election for a seat in the [[House of Representatives]] representing [[Austin, Texas|Austin]] and the surrounding Hill Country. He ran on a [[New Deal]] platform and was effectively aided by his wife, Lady Bird Johnson.

President Roosevelt found Johnson to be a welcome ally and conduit for information, particularly with regards to issues concerning internal politics in Texas (informally dubbed "Operation Texas") and the machinations of Vice President Garner and House Speaker Sam Rayburn. Johnson was immediately appointed to the powerful Naval Affairs Committee. He worked for rural electrification and other improvements for his district. Johnson steered the projects towards contractors which he personally knew, such as the Brown Brothers, Herman and George, who would finance much of Johnson's future career.<ref>Caro, (1982) is full of details.</ref> In 1941, he ran for the U.S. Senate (while not giving up his House seat) in a special election against the sitting governor, radio personality W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel. Johnson was not expected to win against the popular governor, but he ran a strong race and was declared the winner in unofficial returns. He ultimately was defeated by controversial official returns in an election marked by massive fraud on the part of both campaigns.

In 1948, Johnson ran in another controversial Senate race, this time against former governor Coke Stevenson. After no candidate won a majority of the votes in the election, Johnson defeated Stevenson in a run-off election. After joining the Senate, Johnson established relationships with several senior senators, including [[Richard Russell]]. Johnson was appointed to the powerful [[Armed Services Committee]] in 1950, which brought him into the public spotlight. He became the leader of the [[Democratic Party]] in the Senate in 1953. Johnson sought the Democratic nomination for president prior to the [[United States presidential election, 1960|1960 election]], but accepted the nomination for vice-president following Kennedy's nomination.

==Presidency==
Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn into the [[President of the United States of America|Office of the President]] just hours after John F. Kennedy was assassinated. The [[Oath of Office]] took place aboard [[Air Force One]] (en route to [[Washington DC]] from [[Dallas]]), was administered by [[Sarah T. Hughes]] (one of the first justices to hear and write the decision for [[Roe v. Wade]] in favor of [[abortion]]). <ref>University of North Texas Libraries, Sarah T. Hughes Collection, http://www.library.unt.edu/archives/historical-manuscripts/historical-manuscripts-exhibits/hughes/</ref> Also, since no Bible could be found aboard Air Force One, Johnson recited the oath with his hand on a [[Roman Catholic]] [[missal]] instead.<ref>New York Times, "After a Time of Tragedy, a Beginning Toward the 'Great Society,'" January 1973. Online at http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/04/12/specials/johnson-tragedy.html</ref>

As President, Johnson greatly expanded the federal government with his [[Great Society]] programs. He played a key role in helping the [[civil rights movement]] win legislative victories, pushing for the adoption of the Civil Rights Act (1964), which outlawed segregation, and the Voting Rights Act (1965), which guaranteed African-Americans' right to vote. He also greatly expanded American involvement in [[Vietnam]] (see [[Vietnam War]]). Although Johnson won the 1964 presidential election in a landslide over Republican [[Barry Goldwater]], his popularity plunged as the death toll from the conflict in Vietnam steadily increased. In early 1968, faced with plummeting poll numbers and mounting public opposition to his foreign policy, Johnson announced that he would neither seek nor accept his party's nomination for the presidency in 1968. It is widely thought that had he run, he would have been trounced in the primaries or in the subsequent general election - eventually won by Republican [[Richard M. Nixon]].

==References==
<references/>

==Bibliography==
===Biographies===
* Caro, Robert A. ''The Years of Lyndon Johnson'' (3 volumes as of 2006): ''The Path to Power'' (1982); ''Means of Ascent'' (1990); ''Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson'' (2002). The most detailed biography, extends to 1960; generally hostile to LBJ; See Dallek and Woods for balanced biographies; [http://www.amazon.com/Path-Power-Years-Lyndon-Johnson/dp/0679729453/ref=sr_1_2/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-2 vol 1 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]; [http://www.amazon.com/Means-Ascent-Years-Lyndon-Johnson/dp/067973371X/ref=sr_1_3/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-3 vol 2 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]; [http://www.amazon.com/Master-Senate-Lyndon-Johnson-Vintage/dp/0394720954/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-1 vol 3 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Dallek, Robert. ''Lone Star Rising: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1908–1960'' (1991), [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=59394514 online edition vol 1]; ''Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961–1973'' (1998) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65196503 online edition vol 2]; also: '' Lyndon B. Johnson: Portrait of a President'' (2004). A 400-page abridged version of his 2 volume scholarly biography, [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103184871 online edition of short version].
* Goodwin, Doris Kearns. ''Lyndon Johnson & the American Dream'' (1977). A character study.
* Schulman, Bruce J. ''Lyndon B. Johnson and American Liberalism: A Brief Biography with Documents'' (1995)
* Woods, Randall. ''LBJ: Architect of American Ambition'' (2006). A highly detailed scholarly biography (1000 pages). [http://www.amazon.com/LBJ-Architect-American-Randall-Woods/dp/0684834588/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189835998&sr=1-1 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]

===Presidential years===
* Altschuler, Bruce E.; ''LBJ and the Polls'' (1990) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37809550 online edition]
* Andrew, John A. ''Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society'' (1999) 224 pp. [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1566631858/ref=sib_dp_pt/103-4827826-5463040#reader-link excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Bernstein, Irving. ''Guns or Butter: The Presidency of Lyndon Johnson'' 1994.
* Bornet, Vaughn Davis. ''The Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson''. 1983
* Branch, Taylor. ''Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63'' (1989) [http://www.amazon.com/Parting-Waters-America-Years-1954-63/dp/0671687425/ref=sr_1_31?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208722057&sr=1-31 excerpt and text search]
* Branch, Taylor. ''Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963-65'' (1999) [http://www.amazon.com/Pillar-Fire-America-Years-1963-65/dp/0684848090/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208722178&sr=1-5 excerpt and text search]
* Branch, Taylor. ''At Canaan's Edge: America in the King Years, 1965-68'' (2007)
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 1: Foreign Policy, the Great Society and the White House.'' 1981; essays by scholars
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 2: Vietnam, the Environment, and Science.'' 1987; essays by scholars
* Divine, Robert A., ed. ''The Johnson Years. Vol. 3: LBJ at Home and Abroad''. 1994; essays by scholars [http://www.amazon.com/Johnson-Years-Three-Home-Abroad/dp/0700606556/ref=sr_1_5/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-5 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Firestone, Bernard J., and Robert C. Vogt, eds. ''Lyndon Baines Johnson and the Uses of Power.'' (1988); essays by scholars [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=23324778 online edition]
* Graham, Hugh Davis. ''The Civil Rights Era: Origins and Development of National Policy, 1960-1972'' (1990)
* Gould, Lewis L. ''Lady Bird Johnson and the Environment.'' 1988.
* Lichtenstein, Nelson, ed. ''Political Profiles: The Johnson Years''. 1976. short biographies of 400+ key politicians
* Mann, Robert. ''The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell, and the Struggle for Civil Rights.'' 1996.
* Milkis, Sidney M. and Jerome M. Mileur, eds. ''The Great Society And The High Tide Of Liberalism'' (2005) 490pp of essays by scholars; [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/1558494936/ref=sib_dp_pt/103-4827826-5463040#reader-link excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Redford, Emmette S., and Marlan Blissett. ''Organizing the Executive Branch: The Johnson Presidency.'' 1981.
* Shesol, Jeff. ''Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud That Shaped a Decade'' 1997.
* White, Theodore H. ''The Making of the President, 1964'' 1965. [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Zarefsky, David. ''President Johnson's War on Poverty'' 1986.

===Vietnam===
* Barrett, David Marshall. ''Advice and Dissent: An Organizational Analysis of the Evolution of Lyndon Johnson's Vietnam Advisory System, 1965–1968.'' (University of Notre Dame, 1990)
* Berman, Larry. ''Lyndon Johnson's War: The Road to Stalemate in Vietnam'' (1991)
* Brands, H. W. ''The Wages of Globalism: Lyndon Johnson and the Limits of American Power '' (1997)
* Casey, Francis Michael. ''The Vietnam Policy of President Lyndon Baines Johnson in Response to the Theory of the Protracted Conflict as Applied in the Politics of Indochina: A Case Study of Threat Perception and Assessment in the Crisis Management Process of a Pluralistic Society.'' (Claremont Graduate School, 1976)
* Cherwitz, Richard Arnold. ''The Rhetoric of the Gulf of Tonkin: A Study of the Crisis Speaking of President Lyndon B. Johnson.'' (University of Iowa, 1978)
* Goodnight, Lisa Jo. ''The Conservative Voice of a Liberal President: An Analysis of Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam Rhetoric.'' (Purdue University, 1993)
* Kaiser, David E. ''American tragedy: Kennedy, Johnson, and the origins of the Vietnam War.'' (Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000) ISBN 0-674-00225-3
* Logevall, Fredrik Bengt Johan. ''Fear to Negotiate: Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War, 1963–1965.'' (Yale University, 1993)
* Turner, Kathleen Jane. ''The Effect of Presidential-Press Interaction on Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam War Rhetoric.'' (Purdue University, 1978)
* Vandiver, Frank E. ''Shadows of Vietnam: Lyndon Johnson's Wars'' (1997) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=53311933 online edition]
* Woods, Randall B. "The Politics of Idealism: Lyndon Johnson, Civil Rights, and Vietnam," ''Diplomatic History'' (2007) 31 (1), 1–18. [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/J.1467-7709.2007.00599.X online at Blackwell-Synergy]]

==Primary sources==
* Barrett David M. ed. "Lyndon B. Johnson's Vietnam Papers: A Documentary Collection" (1997). Documents from LBJ Library and other archives.
* Beschloss Michael R. ed. ''Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes, 1963–1964'' (1997). Transcribed recordings of LBJ's phone calls.
* Beschloss, Michael R. ed. ''Reaching for Glory: Lyndon Johnson's Secret White House Tapes, 1964-1965'' (2002) [http://www.amazon.com/Reaching-Glory-Lyndon-Johnsons-1964-1965/dp/074322714X/ref=sr_1_7/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1189836030&sr=1-7 excerpt and online search from Amazon.com]
* Califano Joseph A., Jr. ''The Triumph & Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson'' (1991). By a cabinet member.
* [http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/publications/ERP/ Council of Economic Advisors, ''Economic Report of the President'' (annual 1947- )], complete series online; important analysis of current trends and policies, plus statistcial tables
* Gallup, George H. ed. ''The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935–1971, volume 3: 1959–1971'' (1972). Summary of poll data.
* Johnson Lyndon B. ''The Vantage Point: Perspectives on the Presidency, 1963–1969'' (1971). LBJ's memoirs.
* ''Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Lyndon B. Johnson'' (10 volumes, GPO, 1965-70). All speeches and official statements.
* Reedy, George ''Lyndon B. Johnson: A Memoir'' (1982), ISBN 0-8362-6610-2. A memoir by the press secretary.

{{USPresidents}}
{{USVicePresidents}}
{{DEFAULTSORT: Johnson, Lyndon B.}}

[[Category:Democratic Party]]

SAT II World History

2011-06-14T00:05:00Z

Cristiana55: Explaining CLEPs and linking to official site

Things to beware about the '''SAT II Subject Test: World History''' exam are as follows.

#It tests "pre-history", which is unproven and often implausible speculation about a time period prior to historical records. This could be 5-10% of the exam.
#It uses "B.C.E." instead of "B.C." and "C.E." instead of "A.D.", even though no one denies that the dating system is based on the birth of [[Jesus]].
#It is likely to credit [[humanism]] for the [[Renaissance]], and credit the [[Enlightenment]] for more than it deserves. [[Christianity]] will receive little or no credit on the exam.
#Only 25% of this exam is about [[Europe]]. 10% is on EACH of [[Africa]], Southwest [[Asia]], South and Southeast Asia, East Asia and the Americas (areas other than the [[United States]])
#The format of the test is one hour long, consisting of 95 multiple-choice questions. Many questions are written in a convoluted manner, and some students may run out of time.
#Questions that are "Global or Comparative" make up 25% of the exam.
#The [http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/clep/about.html CLEP] exams on Western Civilization is a much better test of relevant historical knowledge. But the CLEP is more expensive than the SAT II (About $75 plus administrative fees for the CLEP compared with about $25 for the SAT II). However, a CLEP score actually confers college credits when administered in accordance with the requirements of a given college. The SAT II shows what a student knows before admission and is generally required as part of the admission process. Taking a CLEP test is informally known as "testing out" of a subject.

==Tips for taking the exam==
#Beware these words in answers, because these words are so sweeping that the answer is probably wrong: "only", "never", "always", "every" and "none".
#These words in an answer suggest that the answer may be the correct choice because they are not so sweeping: "rarely", "sometimes", "often" and "generally".

Genesis 1-8 (Translated)

2011-06-13T21:55:30Z

Cristiana55: /* Chapter 1 */ correct typo

==Chapter 1==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
|In a beginning, God created the [[heaven]]s and the [[earth]].
|The Hebrew word '''שמים''' (''shamayim'') means "skies" and is in the dual number.

The opening creative verse covers all needed dimensions of our universe which are interdependent: in the beginning ('''time''') God created (Action) the heaven ('''space''') and the earth ('''matter'''). Western man delineated these concepts in the 19th century, but God revealed them to us from the beginning.

Neither the Septuagent nor the Masoretic Text include the definite article with reference to the word meaning beginning. A literal translation would be rendered, "In '''A''' beginning."
|-
|2
|And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
|The earth came to exist in an utterly formless and empty state. Darkness obscured the deep. The Breath of God moved upon the oceans.
|The earth is like a blank canvas, awaiting the stroke of the Master Artist. The original [[Hebrew]] repeats the concept of formlessness for emphasis.
|-
|3
|And God said, let there be light: and there was light.
|[[God]] commanded, "Light shall exist!" And light came to exist.
|The rare use of the [[Hebrew]] verb '''היה''' (''hayah''), meaning "he existed," emphasizes that the light did not merely exist but ''came'' to exist at God's command.
|-
|4
|And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.
|God approved of the light, because it was good. God distinguished between the light and the darkness.
|
|-
|5
|And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.
|God named the light Day, and the darkness Night. And evening and morning came: the first day.
|The Hebrew '''יום''' (''yowm'') means "day." In all its uses in the Bible, it most commonly means the solar day with which we are all familiar, i.e. twenty-four hours. The phrase describing "evening and morning coming to exist" confirms this. By [[Judaism|Jewish]] custom and tradition, the day begins at sundown, not midnight.
|-
|6
|And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.
|Then God declared, "A great sheet-like expanse shall come between the waters, and it shall divide waters from waters!"
|
|-
|7
|And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so.
|God made this expanse, and separated the waters underneath the expanse from the waters above the expanse. And so it came to be.
|
|-
|8
|And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
|God called this expanse the sky. And evening and morning came: the second day.
|The ancient Hebrews believed that the sky was in fact a solid object that separated two classes of waters. Some [[creation science|creation scientists]] took this to mean a water-vapor canopy that protected the earth before the [[Great Flood]]. The [[cosmology|cosmologist]] [[John Hartnett]] holds that the expanse is not matter, but is in fact the very fabric of [[space]], stretched out on Day Four (see below) to the limits of the known [[universe]].
|-
|9
|And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.
|Then God commanded: "The waters under the sky will come together in one place, and dry ground will appear!" And so it came to be.
|
|-
|10
|And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.
|God named this dry ground [[Earth]], and the collected mass of waters He named Seas. This was good.
|
|-
|11
|And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so.
|Then God declared, "The earth shall make grass sprout, the plant that yields seed, and the fruit tree that yields fruit of its [[baraminology|created kind]], carrying its own seed, to cover the earth!" And so it came to be.
|[[Baraminology]] ([[Hebrew]] '''ברא''' (''bara'') he created and '''מין''' (''min'') a kind, and [[Greek]] '''λογος''' (''logos'') a word) is the attempt to find all the created kinds from which all present [[species]] derive.
|-
|12
|And the earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
|And the earth produced [[grass]], and herbs yielding the seeds of their kinds, and trees yielding fruits (that held their own seeds) of their kinds. God approved it because it was good.
|Broadly speaking, this includes [[grain]]s, [[vegetable]]s, and [[fruit]]s.
|-
|13
|And the evening and the morning were the third day.
|Evening and morning came: the third day.
|
|-
|14
|And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:
|Then God commanded: "Lights will come to be in the expanse of the skies, to distinguish between the day and the night, and they will serve as signs, for (planting) seasons, for days, and for years.
|The [[Hebrew]] '''מועד''' (''mow'ed''), translated "season," actually means an appointed time for doing something. The [[Hebrews]] were originally agrarian, as the original names of their months ([[Abib]], [[Sivan]], etc.) indicate.
|-
|15
|And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so.
|They will also serve for lights in the expanse of the sky to produce light over the earth!" And so it came to be.
|
|-
|16
|And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
|God made two particularly intense lights: the more intense to rule the day, and the less-intense to rule the night. He also made the [[star]]s.
|The two intense lights are, of course, the [[sun]] and the [[moon]]. In addition, God made every other object in the sky, including the [[planet]]s, of which the ancients could see five: [[Mercury]], [[Venus]], [[Mars]], [[Jupiter]], and [[Saturn]].
|-
|17
|And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,
|God set these in the expanse of the sky to produce light on the earth,
|
|-
|18
|And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good.
|and to have dominion over the day and the night, and to distinguish light from darkness. God approved this because it was good.
|
|-
|19
|And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.
|Evening and morning came: the fourth day.
|
|-
|20
|And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.
|God commanded, "The waters will positively swarm with creatures that move and have life, and birds that fly above the earth in the open sky!"
|The traditional expression "bring forth abundantly" does not do justice to the original Hebrew. Once again Hebrew employs repetition for emphasis.
|-
|21
|And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
|So God created gigantic sea creatures, and made the waters teem with every moving creature after its [[Baraminology|kind]], and every winged bird after its [[Baraminology|kind]]. God approved it because it was good.
|The largest of sea creatures included more than the great [[whales]]. They also included several species of marine [[dinosaur]]s, at least two of which (the [[Loch Ness Monster | Loch Ness creature]] and "Predator X", identified in the Bible as "[[Leviathan]]") survived the [[Great Flood]].
|-
|22
|And God blessed them, saying, Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.
|God blessed them, and commanded them, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas! Birds will multiply in the earth!"
|
|-
|23
|And the evening and the morning were the fifth day.
|Evening and morning came: the fifth day.
|
|-
|24
|And God said, Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so.
|Now God commanded, "The earth shall produce living creatures of all [[Baraminology|kinds]]: livestock, creeping things, and wild animals of the earth, of all kinds!" And so it came to be.
|
|-
|25
|And God made the beast of the earth after his kind, and cattle after their kind, and every thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
|God made all manner of wild animal kinds, and livestock kinds, and every kind of thing that creeps on land. God approved it because it was good.
|
|-
|26
|And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.
|Then God declared, "We shall make mankind in Our image, after Our likeness, and they will subjugate the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the cattle, the whole earth, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth!"
|
|-
|27
|So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.
|So God created mankind in His image. In the image of God He created mankind; He created them both male and female.
|
|-
|28
|And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.
|Then God blessed them, and God told them, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the earth abundantly, and subdue it. You shall have dominion over the fish of the sea, the birds of the air, and every living thing that moves on the earth!"
|
|-
|29
|And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat.
|Then God said, "Look! I have provided for you every plant that produces seed on the face of the earth, and every tree that bears fruit that yields seed. These shall be your food.
|Pre-[[Great Flood|Flood]] man was supposed to be [[vegetarian]] and live entirely on [[fruit]]s and [[vegetable]]s. Genesis 9:1-3 supersedes this. But some dietitians, like the inventor of the [[Hallelujah Diet]], insist that vegetarianism reflects God's original and even present intent.
|-
|30
|And to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is life, I have given every green herb for meat: and it was so.
|And for every land animal, and every bird of the air, and everything that creeps on the earth, and has life, I have provided every green vegetable for food!" And so it came to be.
|
|-
|31
|And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.
|God approved of everything He had made. In fact it was absolutely excellent. Evening and morning came: the sixth day.
|The Hebrew '''מאד''' (''meh'od''), when used after an adjective, takes the meaning of that adjective to the highest degree. "Very good" doesn't quite do it justice.
|}

==Chapter 2==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
|In this way the [[heaven]]s and the [[earth]] were now complete, and everything in them was also complete.
|The [[Hebrew]] phrase '''כל-צבאם''' (''kalah-tsabam''), literally "complete armies," is a idiomatic expression.
|-
|2
|And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
|On the seventh day God finished the Work of Art That He had made, and He took a rest on the seventh day from all His effort that He had made.
|That word for "rest" is '''שבת''' or literally ''shabbat'', from which we get [[Sabbath]].
|-
|3
|And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.
|God blessed the seventh day and set it apart from other days. In it He had rested from all His work of creating and making things.
|
|-
|4
|These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens,
|Here ends the Testimony of Heaven and Earth when they were created.

'''''(The annals of Adam)'''''

In the day that the [[YHWH|LORD]] [[God]] made the earth and the skies,
|The word rendered LORD, here and elsewhere, is '''יהוה''' (''Yahweh'', sometimes rendered ''Yehovah'' in the [[Masoretic Text]]) or [[YHWH]], the Tetragrammaton. The literal meaning is "He exists," sometimes rendered "He is" without a predicate nominative or adjective. Compare this with '''אהוה''' (''Ehweh''), which means ''I'' exist, in Exodus 3:14, the one occasion in which [[God]] gives His direct calling name to anyone.

The Hebrew '''תולדות''' (''toledoth'') normally means "family history." Here and elsewhere, it is a direct testimony. The word ''toledoth,'' wherever it appears, marks a ''colophon phrase'' like those at the end of commonly found ancient clay tablets from the [[Middle East]].
|-
|5
|And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground.
|...none of the land plants were in the ground yet, nor had any land herb sprouted. The LORD God had not made it rain on the land, and no man was available to work the ground.
|
|-
|6
|But there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground.
|Then a mist went up from the earth, and watered all parts of the ground.
|In [[Hebrew]], the word '''פנים''' (''paniym''), meaning "face," has the same idiomatic usage as the word "face" in English. The ''pan-'' root persists as the [[Greek]] ''phan-'', face, as in "epiphany." See also ''pas, pasa, pan'', meaning "all" or "every."
|-
|7
|And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
|Then the LORD God formed [[man]] from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life. And so man became a living person.
|The [[Hebrew]] gives this man's name: [[Adam]] which means "ruddy" or "human being" (aw-dawm' '''אדם'''); he was created from the dust, which in Hebrew literally meant "earth" or "clay" (‛âphâr '''עפר'''). This verse - a slightly more detailed explanation of Genesis 1:26-27 - has been taken out of context by the liberal establishment, with the claim that a ''second'' act of creation took place after God finished the first.
|-
|8
|And the LORD God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed.
|Then the LORD God planted the [[Garden of Eden]] toward the east. There He put the man that He had formed.
|
|-
|9
|And out of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
|From the ground the LORD God caused every tree to grow that is pleasant to look at and good to eat. In the middle of the garden He also planted the Tree of Life and the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.
|The Tree of Life is probably an [[almond]] tree. The Tree of Knowledge may or may not be an [[apple]] tree.
|-
|10
|And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads.
|A river flowed out of Eden to irrigate the garden. From there it split into four headwaters.
|
|-
|11
|The name of the first is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;
|The first of these is called the Pison. This river surrounds the whole land of Havilah, a land rich in natural resources.
|
|-
|12
|And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone.
|The resources of that land are valuable; they include gum resin and onyx.
|The stone could also be chrysoprasus, beryl, or malachite.
|-
|13
|And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia.
|The second river is called the Gihon. This river surrounds the whole land of [[Ethiopia]].
|
|-
|14
|And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates.
|The third river is called the Hiddekel; this is the river that flows toward the east of [[Assyria]]. The fourth river is the [[Euphrates River]].
|
|-
|15
|And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.
|The LORD God took Adam, and put him into the Garden of Eden, to work it and have charge of it.
|
|-
|16
|And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:
|The LORD God gave Adam these orders: "From every tree of the garden you may eat to your heart's content,
|The [[Hebrew]] actually repeats the verb "to eat" for emphasis.
|-
|17
|But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
|except that you must not eat from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. In the day that you eat from that tree you shall surely die."
|The Hebrew here repeats the word "die" for emphasis and intensification, not only of the certainty of death but also of its severity. The "death" meant here is separation from God, a thing that Adam probably did not then appreciate.
|-
|18
|And the LORD God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him.
|Then the LORD God said, "It is not good for Adam to be alone. I will make him a suitable helper."
|
|-
|19
|And out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.
|From the ground the LORD God then formed every land animal and every bird of the sky, and brought them to Adam to see how he would name them. Whatever name Adam gave to any living creature, that would be its name.
|God created language, and created Adam able to speak that language. But God left to Adam the task of naming the animals--a fitting assignment for one who was supposed to manage them.
|-
|20
|And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him.
|Adam gave names to all cattle, and all the birds in the sky, and every living creature of the field. But in all that company no suitable helper for Adam could be found.
|
|-
|21
|And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;
|Then the LORD God caused Adam to fall unconscious, into a deep sleep-like trance. He took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place.
|Today this would be akin to being put under anesthesia; note that word "unconscious" was not invented until 1712 and thus it never appears in the [[KJV]].
|-
|22
|And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man.
|Out of this rib, that the LORD God had taken from Adam, He made a woman, and brought her to Adam.
|
|-
|23
|And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man.
|Adam said, "This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh. She shall be named Woman, because she was taken out of Man."
|
|-
|24
|Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh.
|For that reason, a man will leave his father and mother, and cling to his wife, and they will be one flesh.
|This is the basis of [[marriage]].
|-
|25
|And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
|The two of them, Adam and his wife, were naked, and were not ashamed.
|Shame would not come into their lives until they made one fatal mistake.
|}

==Chapter 3==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
|Now the serpent was craftier than any other land animal that the [[YHWH|LORD]] [[God]] had made. He asked the woman, "Wait a minute. Did God really say, 'You may not eat from any tree in the garden?'"
|The serpent, that is, [[Satan]], twists God's command into a prohibiton against eating from ''any'' tree, not just one Tree in particular.
|-
|2
|And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
|The woman told the serpent, "We may eat the fruits of the trees of the garden,
|
|-
|3
|But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
|but concerning the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God has said, 'You must not eat this, or even touch it, or else you will die.'"
|Now [[Eve]] distorts God's word by exaggerating, an ever-present danger.
|-
|4
|And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
|The serpent told the woman, "You won't 'surely die.'
|
|-
|5
|For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.
|Because God knows that in the day that you eat that fruit, your [[eye]]s will be opened, and you will be like gods yourselves, with knowledge of good and evil."
|It takes a lot more than knowledge of good and evil to be God-like. But Eve did not know that, and so believed a lie.
|-
|6
|And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
|So the woman considered that the tree was good to eat, pleasant to look at, and desirable for the understanding it might convey. So she took some of its fruit, and ate, and also gave some to her husband, and he ate.
|The action of the [[Fall of Man]]...
|-
|7
|And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.
|Then both their eyes were opened. Then they knew they were naked, and sewed fig leaves together to make loin-coverings for themselves.
|...and the result.
|-
|8
|And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.
|Then they heard the Voice of the LORD God as He walked in the garden in the daily breeze. Adam and his wife hid themselves from the face of the LORD God among the trees of the garden.
|
|-
|9
|And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou?
|Then the LORD God called to Adam, "Where are you?"
|
|-
|10
|And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
|And Adam said, "I heard Your voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked. So I hid myself."
|Adam offers a lame excuse. So God begins to probe.
|-
|11
|And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?
|So He said, "Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree that I ordered you not to eat from?"
|
|-
|12
|And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat.
|And Adam said, "The woman whom You provided to be with me, gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate."
|An even lamer excuse: blaming someone else.
|-
|13
|And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
|Then the LORD God said to the woman, "What have you done?" And the woman said, "The serpent [[Deceit|deceived]] me, and I ate."
|The woman also blames someone else.
|-
|14
|And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life:
|Then the LORD God told the serpent, "Because you have done this, you will lie under a curse, more than all livestock or any other land animal. You will crawl on your belly and eat dry-powder food throughout the days of your life.
|
|-
|15
|And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
|I will incite hatred between you and the woman, and between your children and hers. They will wound you in the head, and you will wound them in the heel.
|This is both a description of how [[snake]]s live today and a prophecy of the Crucifixion, in that [[Jesus Christ]] would have His heels pierced and will hang on a cross driven into a hill in the shape of a skull, i.e. a head.
|-
|16
|Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
|To the woman He said, "I will increase your labor pains to an extreme degree. You will deliver your children, your desires will be directed toward your husband, and he will rule over you."
|Again, Hebrew uses repetition for emphasis and intensification.
|-
|17
|And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;
|To Adam He said, "Because you listened to the voice your wife, and ate from the tree that I ordered you not to eat from, the ground will be under a curse on your account. You will have to labor to eat from it all the days of your life.
|
|-
|18
|Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field;
|It will also produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat land herbs.
|
|-
|19
|In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
|Your face will sweat as you eat bread, until you return to the ground. You were taken out of the ground, you were made from powder, and you will turn back into powder."
|
|-
|20
|And Adam called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
|Adam gave his wife a name, [[Eve]], because she was the mother of all living persons.
|
|-
|21
|Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them.
|Then the LORD God made coats of animal skins for Adam and his wife, and clothed them.
|Without the shedding of blood there can be no salvation. This act is a direct illustration of this principle.
|-
|22
|And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever:
|Then the LORD God, "Look! The man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil. We cannot now let him stretch out his hand, and also take fruit from the Tree of Life, and eat and live forever!"
|
|-
|23
|Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.
|For that reason the LORD God sent him out of the Garden of Eden, to work the ground from which he had been formed.
|
|-
|24
|So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.
|So He drove out the man, and to the east of the Garden of Eden he stationed cherubs, and a flaming sword that turned every which way, to guard the path to the Tree of Life.
|A cherub is a class of [[angel]]. Its exact rank and function are hinted at elsewhere. More to the point: God cannot allow mankind to live forever in a sinful condition.
|}

==Chapter 4==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And Adam knew Eve his wife; and she conceived, and bare Cain, and said, I have gotten a man from the LORD.
|[[Adam]] had relations with his wife, [[Eve]]. She conceived, and bore [[Cain]], saying, "I have acquired a man-child from the [[YHWH|LORD]]."
|The name ''Cain'' ([[Hebrew]] '''קין''' (''Qayin'') means "possession." The verb translated "acquired" comes from the same Hebrew root. this verse disproves "serpent seed theory" which states that satan had sexual relations with eve producing cain
|-
|2
|And she again bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.
|Later she bore another son, his brother [[Abel]]. Abel was a shepherd, and Cain was a farmer.
|Literally, "one working the ground."
|-
|3
|And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD.
|At the end of many days it happened that Cain brought an offering to the LORD from his harvest.
|
|-
|4
|And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering:
|Abel, similarly, brought one of the very first lambs from his flock and its fat. The LORD appreciated Abel and his offering,
|Abel brought the best that his work had produced to God,
|-
|5
|But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.
|but did not appreciate Cain or his offering. Cain was extremely resentful and crestfallen.
|but Cain probably brought the leftovers. This was not because only animal sacrifice would serve.
|-
|6
|And the LORD said unto Cain, Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen?
|The LORD said to Cain, "Why are you resentful? Why are you crestfallen?
|
|-
|7
|If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.
|If you would put forth a proper effort, don't you think you would be accepted? But if you won't make the effort, then sin lies at your door. Sin desires you, but you must master it."
|
|-
|8
|And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
|Then Cain spoke with his brother Abel, and it happened, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against his brother Abel and murdered him.
|
|-
|9
|And the LORD said unto Cain, Where is Abel thy brother? And he said, I know not: Am I my brother's keeper?
|Then the LORD asked Cain, "Where is your brother Abel?" And he said, "I don't know. Am I supposed to be responsible for my brother?"
|
|-
|10
|And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.
|And He said, "What have you done? The voice of your brother's blood cries out to Me from the ground.
|
|-
|11
|And now art thou cursed from the earth, which hath opened her mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thy hand;
|Now you are cursed from the earth, which has opened its mouth to take your brother's blood from your hand.
|
|-
|12
|When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth.
|Whenever you try to work the ground, it will never again yield its strength to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth."
|
|-
|13
|And Cain said unto the LORD, My punishment is greater than I can bear.
|Cain said to the LORD, "My punishment is more than I can take!
|
|-
|14
|Behold, thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the earth; and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall come to pass, that every one that findeth me shall slay me.
|Look! You have driven me this day from the face of the land, and I will be hidden from Your face! I will be a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth, and anyone who finds me will murder me!"
|
|-
|15
|And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.
|Then the LORD told him, "For that, if anyone murders Cain, he will pay a seven-fold penalty." Then the LORD placed a special mark on Cain, to make sure that anyone finding him would know not to kill him.
|
|-
|16
|And Cain went out from the presence of the LORD, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden.
|Then Cain went away from the presence of the LORD, and lived in the land of Nod, to the east of Eden.
|The root meaning of the name "Nod" means "wandering." This name never appears again; it is a [[hapax legomenon]].
|-
|17
|And Cain knew his wife; and she conceived, and bare Enoch: and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, Enoch.
|There Cain had relations with his wife, and she conceived and bore him a son named [[Enoch (Cainite)|Enoch]]. Cain built a city, and named that city after his son Enoch.
|The name ''Enoch'' means "dedicated."
|-
|18
|And unto Enoch was born Irad: and Irad begat Mehujael: and Mehujael begat Methusael: and Methusael begat Lamech.
|Enoch's son was Irad, and Irad's son was Mehujael, and Mehujael's son was Methusael, and Methusael's son was [[Lamech the Murderer|Lamech]].
|The names of these further descendants of Cain meant "fleet", "smitten by God," "who is of God," and "powerful."
|-
|19
|And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah.
|Lamech married two wives, named [[Adah]] and [[Zillah]].
|The names of Lamech's wives mean "ornament" and "shade."
|-
|20
|And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle.
|Adah bore [[Jabal]], the progenitor of those who live in tents, and those who keep livestock.
|''Jabal'' means "stream of water."
|-
|21
|And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
|His brother's name was [[Jubal]], the progenitor of all who handle the [[harp]] and the [[organ]].
|''Jubal'' means "stream." Jubal invented [[music]]al instruments.
|-
|22
|And Zillah, she also bare Tubal-cain, an instructer of every artificer in brass and iron: and the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.
|Zillah bore [[Tubal-cain]], an instructor of every worker of [[bronze]] and [[iron]]. His sister was Naamah.
|''Tubal-cain'' means "You will be brought from Cain." ''Naamah'' means "loveliness."
|-
|23
|And Lamech said unto his wives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech: for I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt.
|Lamech said to his wives, Adah, and Zillah, "Listen to me, you wives of Lamech, listen to what I'm telling you. I have killed a man who wounded me, and a young man who hurt me.
|
|-
|24
|If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.
|If Cain enjoys seven-fold protection, then Lamech deserves seventy-seven-fold protection!"
|
|-
|25
|And Adam knew his wife again; and she bare a son, and called his name Seth: For God, said she, hath appointed me another seed instead of Abel, whom Cain slew.
|Adam had relations again with his wife, and she bore a son, and named him [[Seth]]. She said, "Because [[God]] has appointed me another son in the place of Abel, whom Cain murdered."
|The name ''Seth'' means "appointed." The play on words is obvious in the original Hebrew.
|-
|26
|And to Seth, to him also there was born a son; and he called his name Enos: then began men to call upon the name of the LORD.
|Seth also had a son, named [[Enos]]. At that time men began to call on the Name of the LORD.
|''Enosh'' is another word for "man."
|}

==Chapter 5==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God made he him;
|Here ends the scroll of the Testimony of [[Adam]].

'''''(The annals of Noah)'''''

In the day that [[God]] created man, He made him in God's likeness.
|See the note on '''תולדות''' (''toledoth'') at Genesis 2:5.
|-
|2
|Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.
|He created them male and female, and blessed them, and called them "mankind," in the day that they were created.
|''Adam'' means "man."
|-
|3
|And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth:
|When Adam had lived for 130 years, he had a son in his own likeness, after his own image, and named him [[Seth]].
|That is, "appointed."
|-
|4
|And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters:
|And after Adam had become the father of Seth he lived 800 more years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|5
|And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died.
|Altogether Adam lived for 930 years, and he died.
|
|-
|6
|And Seth lived an hundred and five years, and begat Enos:
|When Seth had lived 105 years, he had a son named [[Enos]].
|That is, "man" again.
|-
|7
|And Seth lived after he begat Enos eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Seth had Enos, he lived 807 more years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|8
|And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years: and he died.
|Altogether Seth lived for 912 years, and he died.
|
|-
|9
|And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan:
|When Enos was 90 years old, he had a son named [[Cainan]].
|That is, "possession."
|-
|10
|And Enos lived after he begat Cainan eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Enos had Cainan, he lived for 815 years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|11
|And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years: and he died.
|Altogether Enos lived for 905 years, and he died.
|
|-
|12
|And Cainan lived seventy years, and begat Mahalaleel:
|When Cainan had lived for 70 years, he had a son named [[Mahalaleel]].
|That is, "Praise of God."
|-
|13
|And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Cainan had Mahaleel, he lived for 840 years, and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|14
|And all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years: and he died.
|Altogether Cainan lived for 910 years, and he died.
|
|-
|15
|And Mahalaleel lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared:
|Mahaleel lived for 65 years, and had a son named [[Jared]].
|That is, "descent," which could mean "coming down."
|-
|16
|And Mahalaleel lived after he begat Jared eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Mahaleel had Jared, he lived for 830 years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|17
|And all the days of Mahalaleel were eight hundred ninety and five years: and he died.
|Altogether Mahaleel lived for 895 years, and he died.
|
|-
|18
|And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch:
|When Jared had lived 162 years, he had a son named [[Enoch]].
|That is, "dedicated."
|-
|19
|And Jared lived after he begat Enoch eight hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Jared had Enoch, he lived for 800 years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|20
|And all the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty and two years: and he died.
|Altogether Jared lived for 962 years, and he died.
|
|-
|21
|And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah:
|When Enoch had lived for 65 years, he had a son named [[Methuselah]].
|That is, "man of the dart."
|-
|22
|And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Enoch had Methuselah, he lived for 300 more years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|23
|And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years:
|Altogether Enoch lived for 365 years.
|
|-
|24
|And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.
|Enoch walked with God. Then suddenly he didn't exist anymore, because God took him away.
|Reason: God directly translated him, as He would do for [[Elijah]] several thousand years later.
|-
|25
|And Methuselah lived an hundred eighty and seven years, and begat Lamech:
|When Methuselah had lived 187 years, he had a son named [[Lamech]].
|That is, "powerful."
|-
|26
|And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Methuselah had Lamech, he lived another 782 years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|27
|And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died.
|Altogether Methuselah lived for 969 years, and he died.
|Methuselah lived longer than any other man who ever lived, and died in the year of the [[Great Flood]].
|-
|28
|And Lamech lived an hundred eighty and two years, and begat a son:
|When Lamech had lived 182 years, he had a son named [[Noah]]
|That is, "comfort" or "rest."
|-
|29
|And he called his name Noah, saying, This same shall comfort us concerning our work and toil of our hands, because of the ground which the LORD hath cursed.
|Lamech named his son Noah, and said, "My son will comfort us on account of our labor and work of our hands, on account of the ground that the LORD has cursed."
|
|-
|30
|And Lamech lived after he begat Noah five hundred ninety and five years, and begat sons and daughters:
|After Lamech had Noah, he lived for another 595 years and had other sons and daughters.
|
|-
|31
|And all the days of Lamech were seven hundred seventy and seven years: and he died.
|Altogether, Lamech lived for 777 years, and he died.
|Lamech died five years before the [[Great Flood]].
|-
|32
|And Noah was five hundred years old: and Noah begat Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
|When Noah was 500 years old, he had three sons named [[Shem]], [[Ham]], and [[Japheth]].
|That is, "name", "hot", and "opened." These sons are not named in the actual birth order: Japheth was likely born first, then Shem, and finally Ham.
|}

==Chapter 6==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them,
|Eventually, when men began to populate the land, and many young women were born,
|The [[Hebrew]] starts with the imperfect of "to exist," which is idiomatic for "eventually" here.
|-
|2
|That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.
|the sons of God regarded these young women as beautiful, and took as many of them as they chose as brides.
|Some commentators ([[Harold Camping]] among them) say that these "sons of God" were simply members of [[Seth]]'s line who married outside the true faith. But [[Jude]] (in the [[New Testament]]) says almost directly that these "sons of God" were fallen [[angels]] who thus produced a race of angel-human hybrids.
|-
|3
|And the LORD said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years.
|The LORD said, "My spirit shall not continue this quarrel with man forever, because indeed he is sinful flesh. I give him one hundred twenty years more."
|[[God]] issues this warning 120 years before the [[Great Flood]]; see also [[Noah's Ark]].
|-
|4
|There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown.
|The Fallen Ones were abroad in the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God had relations with young human women, and these women bore children to them. These hybrids became strong men in ancient times, men of renown.
|The [[Hebrew]] '''נפל''' (''nephil'') translates as a dud, an abortive thing, or even a stillborn baby. As used here, this refers to a race of beings that God never intended should ever walk this earth. Every culture on (post-Flood) earth has its giant legends. [[Moses]] would later call these the Anakim, giant-sized inhabitants of [[Canaan (land)|Canaan]] whom his twelve scouts reported seeing. Whether [[Hercules]] was one of them is impossible to determine, though [[Goliath]] might have been.
|-
|5
|And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.
|[[God]] realized that the evil that man did in the earth was great, and that everything that he thought and imagined in his heart, every single day, was utterly evil.
|
|-
|6
|And it repented the LORD that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart.
|And the LORD regretted that he had made man on the earth, and He was heartsick.
|
|-
|7
|And the LORD said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them.
|The LORD said, "I will wipe mankind, whom I have created, off the face of the land—mankind and land animals and insect life and birds of the air—because I regret that I have made them."
|Notice that God does not say here that he will destroy all marine life, and also that the word He actually uses means not merely to kill but to rub out, as if it never existed. Which is what the [[Great Flood]] did, to the extent that modern-day scoffers insist that it never occurred and cite a "lack of evidence," not realizing how complete a change the Great Flood made to the land.
|-
|8
|But Noah found grace in the eyes of the LORD.
|But [[Noah]] found favor in the sight of the LORD.
|
|-
|9
|These are the generations of Noah: Noah was a just man and perfect in his generations, and Noah walked with God.
|Here ends the Testimony of [[Noah]].

'''''(The annals of Shem, Ham and Japheth)'''''

Noah was a just man, and the most wholesome man of his time, and Noah walked with God.
|The two words translated "generations" in the [[KJV]] are radically different in meaning. See the note on '''תולדות''' (''toledoth'') at Genesis 2:5.
|-
|10
|And Noah begat three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
|Noah was the father of three sons: [[Shem]], [[Ham]], and [[Japheth]].
|That is, "name", "hot," and "opened." Yet the proper birth order is Japheth first, then Shem, then Ham.
|-
|11
|The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence.
|The earth was corrupt before God, and the earth was an utterly violent world.
|
|-
|12
|And God looked upon the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted his way upon the earth.
|Wherever God looked on the earth, He saw corruption, because all men had become thoroughly evil and corrupt.
|All men, that is, except for Noah and his family.
|-
|13
|And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come before me; for the earth is filled with violence through them; and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth.
|So God told Noah, "The end of all mankind has come before Me, because the earth is full of violence on their account. So look: I am going to destroy them along with the earth.
|
|-
|14
|Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch.
|Build for yourself an [[Noah's Ark|ark]] of gopher wood. Build nests in the ark, and coat it with pitch inside and out.
|The [[Hebrew]] '''תבה''' (''teveth'') appears only here and in the story of [[Moses]] in the bulrushes. It probably means simply "lifeboat." The term '''עצי-גפר''' (''etsi-gopher'') never appears again in the [[Bible]] or any other literature (thus making it a [[hapax legomenon]]), and could mean a lost species of tree, an [[Antediluvian Civilizatoin|antediluvian]] composite, or a lost art of producing wood for shipbuilding. "Pitch" usually means "ransom" and its use here prefigures the ransom that [[Jesus Christ]] paid for mankind.<ref name=Lovett>Lovett T, ''Noah's Ark: Thinking Outside the Box'', Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 2008.</ref>
|-
|15
|And this is the fashion which thou shalt make it of: The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits, the breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits.
|Build it this way:
*Length: 515 feet.
*Beam: 86 feet.
*Depth: 52 feet.
|This is probably the long [[cubit]], at least 20 US Customary [[inch]]es long. These dimensions probably translate to slightly more than 150 by 25 by 15 [[SI]] [[meter]]s.<ref name=Lovett/>
|-
|16
|A window shalt thou make to the ark, and in a cubit shalt thou finish it above; and the door of the ark shalt thou set in the side thereof; with lower, second, and third stories shalt thou make it.
|Set a skylight hatch in its top deck, with its bottom edge one cubit above the weatherdeck. Set the door of the ark in its side. Build it with lower, second, and third deck levels.
|The Hebrew text does not specify a word for "deck levels," but merely says, "lower, second, and third." This usage suggests that the door was at the second deck level, perhaps midway up from the bottom.<ref name=Lovett/>
|-
|17
|And, behold, I, even I, do bring a flood of waters upon the earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein is the breath of life, from under heaven; and every thing that is in the earth shall die.
|Look: I Myself will bring a [[Great Flood|Flood]] of waters on the earth, to destroy all men and animals having the breath of life in them from under the sky. Everything in the earth will die.
|
|-
|18
|But with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons' wives with thee.
|But I will establish my covenant with you, and you will enter the ark, you, and your sons, and your wife, and your sons' wives with you.
|
|-
|19
|And of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee; they shall be male and female.
|And out of every living thing among all animals, you are to bring two of every sort into the ark, a male and a female, to keep them alive with you.
|
|-
|20
|Of fowls after their kind, and of cattle after their kind, of every creeping thing of the earth after his kind, two of every sort shall come unto thee, to keep them alive.
|Two of every [[Baraminology|created kind]] of bird, and every kind of livestock, and of every ground creeper, will come to you so that you can keep them alive.
|
|-
|21
|And take thou unto thee of all food that is eaten, and thou shalt gather it to thee; and it shall be for food for thee, and for them.
|You will take with you samples of every kind of foodstuff, and gather it for yourself. This will be your food, and theirs."
|
|-
|22
|Thus did Noah; according to all that God commanded him, so did he.
|So Noah did all these things, exactly as God instructed him.
|
|}

==Chapter 7==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation.
|Then the [[YHWH|LORD]] said to [[Noah]], "Come, you and all your household, into the [[Noah's Ark|ark]]. You're the only just person I've seen in this generation of men.
|
|-
|2
|Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female.
|Take seven specimens of every clean animal, male and female, and take two specimens of unclean animals, male and female.
|
|-
|3
|Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.
|Also take seven specimens of every [[bird]], male and female, in order to raise live offspring to repopulate the earth afterward.
|
|-
|4
|For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth.
|Seven days from now, I will make it rain on the [[earth]] for 40 days and nights. and I will wipe out every living thing I have made from the face of the earth."
|
|-
|5
|And Noah did according unto all that the LORD commanded him.
|Noah followed all the LORD's orders.
|
|-
|6
|And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth.
|Noah was 600 years old when the [[Great Flood]] came on the earth.
|
|-
|7
|And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.
|Noah boarded the ark, with his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives with him, to escape the Flood waters.
|
|-
|8
|Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth,
|Of clean animals, and unclean animals, and birds, and of every living thing that creeps on the ground,
|including [[insect]]s and [[worm]]s
|-
|9
|There went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah.
|two and two went to [[Noah]] aboard the ark, male and female, as God had ordered Noah.
|
|-
|10
|And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth.
|After the seven days had passed, the waters of the Flood came upon the earth.
|
|-
|11
|In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.
|In the 600th year of Noah's life, on the seventeenth day of the second month, on that very day the deep subcrustal springs were broken open, and the windows of the sky were thrown open.
|The date is 17 [[Bul]] 1656 [[Anno Mundi|AM]], corresponding to October 23, 2348 BC in the proleptic Gregorian calendar.

That last idiomatic phrase reflects the ancient Hebrew view of the sky as a solid object; see Genesis 1:6-8. It refers actually to the torrential rain, which came not only from rainclouds but also fell back to earth after gushing out of the subcrustal springs. See also [[Hydroplate Theory]] and entries for the [[Galilean moons]] of [[Jupiter]], three of which are supposed to have subcrustal oceans.
|-
|12
|And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
|Τhe rain fell on the earth for 40 days and nights.
|
|-
|13
|In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah's wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;
|On that very day [[Noah]], and [[Shem]], and [[Ham]], and [[Japheth]], Noah's sons, and Noah's wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, boarded the ark.
|
|-
|14
|They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort.
|With them went specimens of every [[Baraminology|created kind]] of land animal, including livestock, ground creepers, and birds,
|
|-
|15
|And they went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life.
|two specimens of each kind of air-breathing animal,
|
|-
|16
|And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in.
|male and female, as God had ordered Noah. Then the LORD shut him in.
|God makes the call that the time of judgment has come, and gives an obvious and direct signal.<ref name=Lovett/>
|-
|17
|And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.
|The [[Great Flood|Flood]] lasted for forty days, and then the steadily increasing waters floated the ark and lifted it up above the ground.
|
|-
|18
|And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.
|The waters were tremendous, and rose to great depths on the earth, and the ark rode the surface of the waters.
|
|-
|19
|And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.
|The waters were exceedingly powerful and deep, and all the high mountains under the entire sky were covered.
|
|-
|20
|Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.
|The waters kept rising for another fifteen cubits, and the mountains were covered.
|How high those mountains were before the Flood is impossible to say. Many of the modern mountain ranges formed in the process of the Flood, as the subterranean waters, escaping through the Mid-Oceanic Ridge system, shoved the continents into one another or off to one side, causing them to buckle and form mountains by faulting.
|-
|21
|And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man:
|Everything that moved on the earth died, including birds, livestock, wild animals, ground creepers, and every man.
|
|-
|22
|All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.
|Every [[animal]] that went about on dry land and breathed air, died.
|The great [[whales]] are air breathers, but they are also marine animals and were thus able to survive.
|-
|23
|And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark.
|Every living creature was wiped off the face of the ground, including mankind, livestock, ground creepers, and birds in the sky. They were wiped out from the earth, and only Noah and those with him in the ark remained alive.
|
|-
|24
|And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty days.
|The waters covered over the earth for 150 days.
|
|}

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged;
|Now [[God]] still remembered [[Noah]], and every living creature, and all the livestock that was with him in the [[Noah's Ark|ark]]. So God sent a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters receded.
|
|-
|2
|The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;
|The subcrustal springs and the windows of the sky were stopped, and the rain from the sky was restrained.
|
|-
|3
|And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.
|The waters continued to recede from the earth. At the end of 150 days the waters had drained away.
|
|-
|4
|And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.
|The ark ran aground on the seventeenth day of the seventh month, in some of the highest mountains in the region.
|The date is 17 [[Abib]] 1656 [[Anno Mundi|AM]], or April 18, 2347 BC (proleptic Gregorian).

The [[Hebrew]] '''אררט''' (''Urartu'') is not necessarily the name of a mountain range in eastern [[Armenia]], that includes a particular mountain named "[[Mount Ararat]]" in [[Turkey (country)|Turkey]]. It could also be the [[Assyria]]n word for "highest."
|-
|5
|And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.
|The waters continued to decrease until the tenth month, so that on the first day of the tenth month, the mountaintops became visible.
|1 Tammuz 1656 AM, or 30 June 2347 BC (proleptic Gregorian). These post-Flood mountains were likely higher than any pre-Flood mountains.
|-
|6
|And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:
|Eventually, forty days later, [[Noah]] opened the skylight hatch of the ark that he had built.
|
|-
|7
|And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
|He sent out a [[raven]], and the raven flew every which way until the waters were dried up from the earth.
|
|-
|8
|Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
|Then he sent out a [[dove]], to see whether the waters had receded from the ground.
|
|-
|9
|But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark.
|The dove found no place to alight, so it flew back to him into the ark, because the waters still covered all the ground. Noah held out his hand, took the dove, and pulled it in to him into the ark.
|
|-
|10
|And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
|He waited for seven more days, and sent the dove out again from the ark.
|
|-
|11
|And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
|The dove came back to him that evening, but, to Noah's delighted surprise, it had an [[olive]] leaf plucked off in its beak. So Noah knew that the waters had gone down significantly.
|That an olive tree had taken root so soon was a minor miracle and could have been an intended sign.
|-
|12
|And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more.
|He waited seven days more, and sent the dove out, and this time the dove never came back.
|
|-
|13
|And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry.
|Eventually, in the 601st year of Noah's life, in the first day of the first month, the waters were dried up from the earth. Then Noah removed some of the hull planking of the ark, and looked out, and saw that the ground was now dry.
|The door of the ark was on the middle deck. Noah chopped out a hole in the hull on the lower deck after the ark was grounded, and then waited for God's command to disembark and unload.
|-
|14
|And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried.
|On the twenty-seventh day of the second month, the earth was completely dry.
|27 Bul 1657 AM, or 21 November 2347 BC (proleptic Gregorian). In this verse, the Hebrew uses a different word for "dry," one conveying a higher degree of dryness.
|-
|15
|And God spake unto Noah, saying,
|Now God spoke to Noah, and said,
|
|-
|16
|Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' wives with thee.
|"Go out of the ark, you and your wife and your sons and your sons' wives with you.
|
|-
|17
|Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.
|Bring out with you every living thing that is with you, of all kinds of animals, birds, livestock, and ground creepers, so that they may breed profusely in the earth, and be fruitful and multiply on the earth."
|
|-
|18
|And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him:
|And Noah went out, with his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives.
|
|-
|19
|Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark.
|Every land animal, every ground creeper, and every bird, after its created kind, left the ark.
|
|-
|20
|And Noah builded an altar unto the LORD; and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
|Then Noah built an altar to the LORD. He took specimens of every clean land animal, and every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
|The [[Hebrew]] '''עלה''' (''olah'') describes this specific kind of offering. The word also connotes a climbing of stairs and reflects the need to "step up" to the altar. This is also why Noah took seven clean-animal specimens of each kind, rather than the usual two.
|-
|21
|And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.
|The LORD smelled a soothing odor, and the LORD said in His heart, "Never again will I curse the ground on account of mankind, because the imagination of man's heart is evil starting in his childhood. Nor will I ever again kill every living thing, as I have done.
|
|-
|22
|While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.
|While the earth remains, planting time and harvest time, cold and heat, summer and winter, and day and night will not stop."
|
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

* [[Genesis 9-16 (Translated)]]

[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

American History Final Exam

2011-06-13T12:02:00Z

Cristiana55: Corr. minor typo: l to 1

This is the final exam for our [[American History Lectures|American History course]]. Post your answers here: [[Talk:American History Final Exam]]. (There is no penalty for wrong answers.)

1. He was a Democratic President from New York who governed like a Republican, opposing unions, vetoing spending bills and supporting the gold standard for money:
 (a) Woodrow Wilson
 (b) Teddy Roosevelt
 (c) Grover Cleveland
 (d) Abraham Lincoln

2. Who said, “I never did anything by accident, nor did any of my inventions come by accident; they came by work.”
 (a) Barack Obama
 (b) Lyndon Baines Johnson
 (c) Thomas Edison
 (d) Aaron Burr

3. The U.S. acquired which of the following territories as a result of the Spanish American War?
 (a) Philippines
 (b) Alaska
 (c) Hawaii
 (d) Spanish Florida

4. William Jennings Bryan had an influence for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
 (a) he won the Scopes Trial.
 (b) he was a phenomenal speaker who delivered the “Cross of Gold” speech.
 (c) he had many famous debates with Abraham Lincoln, often winning them.
 (d) he resigned as Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson in protest of his policy of increasing involvement in World War I.

5. Medicare and Medicaid were part of:
 (a) the New Deal.
 (b) the Square Deal.
 (c) the Great Society.
 (d) None of the above.

6. Which United States President impulsively seized control of privately owned steel mills, and the U.S. Supreme Court then ruled against him?
 (a) Ronald Reagan.
 (b) William Howard Taft.
 (c) Dwight D. Eisenhower.
 (d) Harry S Truman.

7. Which of the following was true about the Sherman Antitrust Act:
 (a) it was passed as part of Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
 (b) it prohibited companies from engaging in monopolistic behavior.
 (c) it reformed the “spoils system.”
 (d) it was vetoed by Teddy Roosevelt.

8. All of the following are examples of the progressive movement EXCEPT:
 (a) expanding safety regulations to prevent accidents.
 (b) improving the quality of food by passing the Pure Food and Drug Laws.
 (c) establishing the Federal Reserve System.
 (d) reducing the size of government.

9. Prohibition was the result of a massive movement led by whom?
 (a) Saloons in the 19th century.
 (b) Christian women in the second half of the 20th century.
 (c) Christian women in the 1800s and early 1900s.
 (d) Christian men in the 18th century.

10. The Seventeenth Amendment established which of the following?
 (a) The right of former slaves to vote.
 (b) The direct election by the people of U.S. Senators.
 (c) The right to equal protection of the laws.
 (d) The right of women to vote.

11. The Zimmermann telegram was sent by:
 (a) a German foreign minister in 1917 to promise the return of the Southwest to Mexico if it would invade the United States.
 (b) a British prime minister begging the United States to declare war on Germany.
 (c) a French foreign minister asking for the return of the “XYZ” agents to France.
 (d) Benjamin Franklin to Zimmermann asking France to intervene to help the colonies win the Revolutionary War against England.

12. What did the prosecutions (criminal cases) against Schenck, Abrams and Debs all have in common?
 (a) They occurred around the time of World War I.
 (b) They limited the right of free speech by criminalizing certain types of speech.
 (c) They are criticized today for their narrow view of the right of free speech.
 (d) All of the above.

13. Woodrow Wilson is known for which of the following?
 (a) For keeping the United States out of World War I.
 (b) For representing the United States in the League of Nations.
 (c) For wanting to make the world safe for democracy.
 (d) For being more successful after he was president than before.

14. Which of the following originated in the Roaring Twenties?
 (a) jazz
 (b) the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon)
 (c) baseball
 (d) the internet

15. Henry Ford accomplished all of the following EXCEPT:
 (a) improved the assembly line with the use of interchangeable parts.
 (b) substantially increased workers’ wages.
 (c) personally invented many new and useful technologies.
 (d) greatly increased factory output.

16. The U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education did which of the following:
 (a) segregated blacks and whites in public school.
 (b) integrated blacks and whites in hotels and restaurants.
 (c) overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and ended segregation in public schools.
 (d) affirmed Plessy v. Ferguson and ended segregation in most public places.

17. The causes of Great Depression could have included each of the following EXCEPT:
 (a) tariffs.
 (b) excessive speculation in the stock market.
 (c) another economic cycle that was much worse than usual.
 (d) the failed policies of Harry S Truman.

18. All of the following were part of the New Deal EXCEPT:
 (a) Civil Conservation Corps.
 (b) Servicemen’s Readjustment Act
 (c) Tennessee Valley Act.
 (d) Federal Emergency Relief Act.

19. In Lochner v. New York, a 5-4 majority of the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated:
 (a) a state law limiting the number of hours that a baker could work.
 (b) a state law prohibiting abortion.
 (c) a state law prohibiting classroom prayer.
 (d) a federal law requiring that a job be given to every American.

20. Immigration was sharply reduced from ___________ by passage of a federal law in which year?
 (a) Ireland, in 1840.
 (b) China, in 1860.
 (c) all of Europe, just prior to World War II.
 (d) southern and central Europe and Asia, in 1924.

21. Who was William Faulkner?
 (a) A Nobel Prize-winning writer of novels that portrayed the South as racist and ignorant.
 (b) A Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter during World War II.
 (c) The author of “Inherit the Wind,” a fictionalized account of the Scopes Trial.
 (d) An inventor who improved the design of the airplane.

22. The decision and date in which the U.S Supreme Court banned (censored) classroom prayer from public schools was:
 (a) Engel v. Vitale, 1962.
 (b) Engel v. Vitale, 1972.
 (c) Baker v. Carr, 1962.
 (d) Baker v. Carr, 1952.

23. The approximate time period for the Cold War was:
 (a) 1915-1945.
 (b) 1946-1990.
 (c) 1950-1970.
 (d) 1860-1865.

24. Alger Hiss was a high-level American government official who was:
 (a) a recipient of the Medal of Honor for his public service.
 (b) a communist uncovered through the testimony of Whittaker Chambers and the investigation by congressman Richard Nixon.
 (c) a U.S. Senator from the State of New York.
 (d) a Democratic nominee for President.

25. The 1950s were known for _________; the 1960s, for ___________.
 (a) rebellion; totalitarianism.
 (b) religious revival; atheism.
 (c) conformity; non-conformity.
 (d) radio; the internet.

26. Who said this in a televised speech to the nation: “What if free people could live secure in the knowledge that their security did not rest upon the threat of instant U.S. retaliation to deter a Soviet attack; that we could intercept and destroy strategic ballistic missiles before they reached our own soil or that of our allies?”
 (a) John F. Kennedy
 (b) Dwight Eisenhower
 (c) Ronald Reagan
 (d) Barack Obama

27. Which proposed amendment passed Congress by more than 2/3rds in the House and Senate in the early 1970s and ratified by 35 states, but then was stopped and never obtained passage by 3 additional states to become part of the Constitution?
 (a) Prohibition.
 (b) the so-called Equal Rights Amendment.
 (c) term limits for the president.
 (d) term limits for congressmen.

28. A description of Ronald Reagan as a “progressive” might be criticized by observing that:
 (a) Reagan did not really want “better government.”
 (b) Reagan opposed all of the goals of the progressive movement.
 (c) Reagan’s goal was “less government,” while progressives have been supportive of “more government” if they think it means “better government.”
 (d) Reagan was “progressive” because Reagan wanted “progress”, and that is all that the term “progressive” means.

29. The longest-running march on the nation’s capital is in protest to a decision rendered by the U.S. Supreme Court on January 22, 1973. What was that decision, and what did it do?
 (a) Roe v. Wade, which gave criminals the right to remain silent.
 (b) Miranda v. Arizona, which required police to read suspects their rights before questioning them.
 (c) Roe v. Wade, which created a new constitutional right to abortion.
 (d) Roe v. Wade, which allows government to seize private property.

30. The response by the United States government to “9/11” included all of the following EXCEPT:
 (a) passage of the Patriot Act of 2001.
 (b) the invasion of Afghanistan.
 (c) the invasion of Iraq.
 (d) the invasion of Saudi Arabia.

31. What was the position of President Ulysses S. Grant on the gold standard for money?
 (a) He supported it.
 (b) He opposed it.
 (c) He wanted a gold standard as long as there was also a silver standard.
 (d) This was not an issue when Grant was President so his position is not known.

32. The phrase “be careful what you ask for” (because you might get it and the results may not be good) would best apply to which of the following laws:
 (a) the Taft-Hartley Act.
 (b) the Missouri Compromise.
 (c) the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
 (d) the Northwest Ordinance.

33. Study the cartoon below carefully. When do you think it was published, and which political party do you think the cartoonist supported most?
[[File:American History Final Exam Cartoon.jpg]]
 (a) 1866, the Republican Party.
 (b) 1864, the Republican Party.
 (c) 1861, the Republican Party.
 (d) 1858, the Democratic Party.

34. What is the historical significance of the Great Awakening?
 (a) It strengthened the colonies during the Revolutionary War.
 (b) It united the colonies before the Revolutionary War.
 (c) It greatly increased immigration from Europe and Asia to the colonies.
 (d) It established new American religions.

35. All of the following are differences between James Madison and James Monroe EXCEPT:
 (a) their positions about ratification of the Constitution.
 (b) their records of military service during the Revolutionary War.
 (c) their State(s) of residence.
 (d) their achievements as president.

36. New Jersey was the location for which of the following important events in American history?
 I. The location of George Washington’s headquarters during the Revolutionary War.
 II. The location of the duel brought by Aaron Burr against Alexander Hamilton.
 III. The state where Woodrow Wilson was governor before becoming president.
 IV. The location of the founding of ''Conservapedia''.

(a) I and IV.
 (b) I, II, III, and IV.
 (c) I, III, and IV.
 (d) II, III, and IV.

 37. If George Washington ever wrote a book on “leadership”, which of the following might he have emphasized?
 I. Be willing to do something yourself before you try to persuade others to do it.
 II. Get good advisors and be willing to take their advice.
 III. Be willing to give up power for the good of the enterprise.
 IV. Play as many video games as possible, because that is the path to success.

(a) I only.
 (b) II only.
 (c) III and IV.
 (d) I, II and III.

 38. In which century did the great American reform movements, including utopian communities, occur?
 (a) 1700s
 (b) 1800s
 (c) 1900s
 (d) this century

39. An example of a legislative provision that was enormously influential without ever passing was:
 (a) the Alien and Sedition Acts.
 (b) the Wilmot Proviso.
 (c) Prohibition.
 (d) The “Tariff of Abominations”

40. Each of the following was an example of a type of colony in America EXCEPT:
 (a) Charter Colony.
 (b) Free Colony.
 (c) Joint-Stock Colony.
 (d) Proprietary Colony.

41. Democrat Rush Holt from New Jersey is the only Quaker in Congress, and also one of the most liberal members of Congress. This might be explained by each of the following historical reasons EXCEPT:
 (a) Many Quakers settled in NJ and nearby states during colonial times, so it’s not surprising that NJ voters have elected a Quaker recently.
 (b) Quakers were pacifists (opposed to all wars), and many pacifists tend to be very liberal.
 (c) Quakers have no paid clergy or a strong church structure, both of which might have conservative influence on members on some issues.
 (d) All the Quakers who have become president have been very liberal.

42. Review the following cartoon and then describe who “John Bull” represents, and who the sailor in the lower left represents:

[[File:John Bull cartoon optimized.jpeg]]

(a) John Bull represents America. The sailor with the binoculars represents France.
 (b) John Bull represents Germany. The sailor with the binoculars represents England.
 (c) John Bull represents England. The sailor with the binoculars represents Germany.
 (d) John Bull represents England. The sailor with the binoculars represents Russia.

43. Each of the following was once a prominent member of the Whig Party EXCEPT:
 (a) Daniel Webster
 (b) Henry Clay
 (c) Abraham Lincoln
 (d) Stephen Douglas

44. The Seventh Day Adventist Church – which operates a hospital in Hackettstown, New Jersey – developed after which period in American history?
 (a) after the (first) Great Awakening, in 1739
 (b) after the (first) Great Awakening, in 1775
 (c) after the (second) Great Awakening, in 1812
 (d) after the (second) Great Awakening, in 1844

45. An example of an influential law or resolution that passed during the Civil War was:
 (a) the Pacific Railway Act.
 (b) the Military Reconstruction Act.
 (c) the Tenure of Office Act.
 (d) the Spot Resolutions.

'''TWO EXTRA CREDIT QUESTIONS FOR EACH STUDENT:'''

(First everyone should answer this one)
 Prominent Americans who were homeschooled include:
 (a) Abraham Lincoln.
 (b) Thomas Edison.
 (c) George Patton.
 (d) All of the above.

(Then answer only one question below, as specified)
 (For girls only)
 When during American History would you expect chivalry to have been the weakest?
 (a) Colonial America and the Civil War.
 (b) The Great Awakening and World War I.
 (c) The Roaring Twenties and the 1960s.
 (d) The Gilded Age and the 1950s.

 (For boys only)
 When did baseball first become America’s “national pastime”?
 (a) during World War I
 (b) during the Spanish American War
 (c) during the Civil War and Gilded Age.
 (d) during the Great Awakening

'''THE END. CONGRATULATIONS!'''

Talk:American History Final Exam

2011-06-13T00:03:14Z

Cristiana55:

Here are the top scores for the [[American History Final Exam]]. Feel free to post your own answers for grading!

==Top scores==

*'''47 - PERFECTION ([[homeschooler]])'''
*43 (homeschooler)
*40 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*39 (three homeschoolers tied at this score)
*38 (two exams, one by a homeschooler and one by a public visitor below)
*37 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*36 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*34 (three exams, two by homeschoolers and one by a public visitor below)
*33 (four exams, two by homeschoolers and two by a public visitors below)
*32 (homeschooler)
*31 (public visitor below)
*30 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)

== Top scores after multiple other answers were posted ==

*44 (public visitor below)

==Post your answers here for grading==
Here are my answers:
 
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. C
22. D
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. A
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. A
32. A
33. B
34. C
35. D
36. C
37. D
38. C
39. B
40. B
41. C
42. C
43. D
44. D
45. A
46. A
47. - (girls)
48. A (boys)
 
-How'd I do? --[[User:Dan777|Dan777]] 22:36, 9 June 2011 (EDT)

1.c
2.c
3.a
4.c
5.c
6.d
7.b
8.c
9. c
10.b
11.a
12.b
13.c
14.a
15.c
16.c
17.b
18. d
19. a
20. d
21. a
22. a
23.b
24. b
25.c
26. c
27. b
28.c
29.c
30. d
31. c
32.a
33.c
34. d
35.a
36.b
37.d
38.b
39.b
40. b
41.d
42.c
43.d
44.d
45.a
bonus
1. d
(girls) c
--[[User:Klly82|Klly82]] 22:18, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

:Grade: 38 correct. Excellent - one of the very best exam answers posted here.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 13:55, 8 June 2011 (EDT)
--------
--------

1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. C
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. D
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. D
36. B (As great as ''Conservapedia'' is, I would hardly call its founding an important event in American history)
37. D
38. B
39. D
40. B
41. A
42. C
43. C
44. D
45. B

Extra credit
1.D
3. A.

--[[User:Esmith543|Esmith543]] 23:16, 26 May 2011 (EDT)

: Correct score: 33. Good!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:11, 27 May 2011 (EDT)

Why would you have separate extra credit questions for girls and boys? Are girls not supposed to be interested in baseball? Do boys not care about chivalry?

Andy, would it be too much trouble for you to message me the answers that I got wrong with the corrections?--[[User:Esmith543|Esmith543]] 21:08, 27 May 2011 (EDT)

:Several students have not yet taken the exam and I'd like to wait longer before indicating what was correct or incorrect. Thanks in advance for your patience!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:28, 27 May 2011
1C 2C 3A 4C 5C 6B 7B 8D 9C 10B 11A 12D 13B 14A 15B 16C 17D 18B 19A 20A 21A 22A 23B 24B 25C 26C 27B 28C 29C 30D 31A 32A 33C 34D 35A 36C 37D 38C 39D 40D 41D 42C 43C 44B 45B 46D 47B
--[[User:JustinD|JustinD]] 12:42, 28 May 2011 (EDT)

: Correct score: 31. Good effort!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 16:17, 28 May 2011 (EDT)

1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. b
19. a
20. b
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c
27. b
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. d
32. b
33. b
34. b
35. c
36. b
37. d
38. b
39. b
40. b
41. d
42. c
43. d
44. d
45. a
extra credit
46. d
47. c (guys bonus question though I would not have minded answering the girl's bonus question which is c)--[[User:Harrymd|Harrymd]] 18:09, 29 May 2011 (EDT)Harrison M Dorobek

: Correct score: 44! Terrific!!!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 18:24, 29 May 2011 (EDT)

1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. D
29. C
30. D
S1. A
32. C
33. A
34. D
35. A
36. B
37. D (I did chuckle at IV, though)
38. C
39. D
40. C
41. C
42. C
43. A
44. D
45. B

EC-1. D
EC-2. C

Hope I did alright! --[[User:AhmedB|AhmedB]] 00:08, 30 May 2011 (EDT)

: You did well! Score: 34.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 19:23, 30 May 2011 (EDT)

: 1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. A
32. C
33. C
34. D
35. C
36. D
37. D
38. C
39. B
40. A
41. C
42. C
43. C
44. A
45. B
EC1: D
EC2 (boys): C [[User:Gregkochuconn|Gregkochuconn]] 16:49, 5 June 2011 (EDT)

::Grade: 33. Well done!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:06, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

My answers, I was Public School educated By the way.

1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5.c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a,
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. d
19. a
20. d
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c,
27. b,
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. a
32. b,
33. b
34. d
35. c
36. b,
37. d,
38. c,
39. b
40. b
41. d,
42. c
43. d
44. d,
45. a
Bonus: d
Female: C
Male: C

Test was too fun had to answer both questions, couldn't help myself.

Commentary on some of the questions
14. although it's roots are in the early 20th century, so technically none of the above
18. but also b FERA est 1932 under Hoover, but Servicemens Readjustments act although a Roosevelt policy was geared towards WWII, although one could argue it was part of the New Deal
27.thanks in no small part to your mother Andy
32. but also a if you're a liberal
36.for parts of the war, although it was a mobile army for a decent time he was based in NJ
37. although as a zombie his book may rely on his craving for brains
38. Bellamy in the late 19th century can be said to be one of the forefathers, and th progressive era began in the late 19th century, with most of the legislation of the progressive era coming after Teddy Roosevelt came to power so also kind of b.
41.although this is a politically charged question
44. although the official church didn't form until the 1860s the millerite movement started in 1843 and 1844
Female Bonus: although this is when women got rights, your definition of chivalry is frighteningly close to upending women's rights and there is nothing less chivalrous than that in my opinion.
Male Bonus: although even in the 1850s it was seen as the national pastime in the north mostly though.
Fun test, Hope I did well enough.
--[[User:Rlpond|Rlpond]] 20:36, 9 June 2011 (EDT)

OK, that was fun. It would be even more fun if you had an interactive page with a timer, reducing scores when passing a certain amount of time. It took me a full 15 min.; had to think on some, and may have missed some.
1. c
2. c
3. a
4. a
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. d
19. a
20. b
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c
27. b
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. a
32. b
33. b
34. b
35. d
36. d
37. d
38. b
39. b
40. b
41. b
42. c
43. d
44. d
45. a

XC1. d
XC2. c
[[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 19:58, 12 June 2011 (EDT)
Whoops! I'd neatly left an empty space before the single-digit numbers, and that created a box when I posted. I came back to fix it, but it's easier to read than the others. Will leave it and if an Administrator wants to reformat it, great. I do want to note that #33 doesn't offer a perfectly accurate answer. I'll wait for grading to explain. I'm also correcting a typo I just now noticed; hope there are no more. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:03, 12 June 2011 (EDT)

==Headline text ==

Talk:American History Final Exam

2011-06-12T23:58:06Z

Cristiana55: /* Post your answers here for grading */

Here are the top scores for the [[American History Final Exam]]. Feel free to post your own answers for grading!

==Top scores==

*'''47 - PERFECTION ([[homeschooler]])'''
*43 (homeschooler)
*40 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*39 (three homeschoolers tied at this score)
*38 (two exams, one by a homeschooler and one by a public visitor below)
*37 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*36 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)
*34 (three exams, two by homeschoolers and one by a public visitor below)
*33 (four exams, two by homeschoolers and two by a public visitors below)
*32 (homeschooler)
*31 (public visitor below)
*30 (two homeschoolers tied at this score)

== Top scores after multiple other answers were posted ==

*44 (public visitor below)

==Post your answers here for grading==
Here are my answers:
 
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. C
22. D
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. A
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. A
32. A
33. B
34. C
35. D
36. C
37. D
38. C
39. B
40. B
41. C
42. C
43. D
44. D
45. A
46. A
47. - (girls)
48. A (boys)
 
-How'd I do? --[[User:Dan777|Dan777]] 22:36, 9 June 2011 (EDT)

1.c
2.c
3.a
4.c
5.c
6.d
7.b
8.c
9. c
10.b
11.a
12.b
13.c
14.a
15.c
16.c
17.b
18. d
19. a
20. d
21. a
22. a
23.b
24. b
25.c
26. c
27. b
28.c
29.c
30. d
31. c
32.a
33.c
34. d
35.a
36.b
37.d
38.b
39.b
40. b
41.d
42.c
43.d
44.d
45.a
bonus
1. d
(girls) c
--[[User:Klly82|Klly82]] 22:18, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

:Grade: 38 correct. Excellent - one of the very best exam answers posted here.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 13:55, 8 June 2011 (EDT)
--------
--------

1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. C
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. D
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. D
36. B (As great as ''Conservapedia'' is, I would hardly call its founding an important event in American history)
37. D
38. B
39. D
40. B
41. A
42. C
43. C
44. D
45. B

Extra credit
1.D
3. A.

--[[User:Esmith543|Esmith543]] 23:16, 26 May 2011 (EDT)

: Correct score: 33. Good!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:11, 27 May 2011 (EDT)

Why would you have separate extra credit questions for girls and boys? Are girls not supposed to be interested in baseball? Do boys not care about chivalry?

Andy, would it be too much trouble for you to message me the answers that I got wrong with the corrections?--[[User:Esmith543|Esmith543]] 21:08, 27 May 2011 (EDT)

:Several students have not yet taken the exam and I'd like to wait longer before indicating what was correct or incorrect. Thanks in advance for your patience!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:28, 27 May 2011
1C 2C 3A 4C 5C 6B 7B 8D 9C 10B 11A 12D 13B 14A 15B 16C 17D 18B 19A 20A 21A 22A 23B 24B 25C 26C 27B 28C 29C 30D 31A 32A 33C 34D 35A 36C 37D 38C 39D 40D 41D 42C 43C 44B 45B 46D 47B
--[[User:JustinD|JustinD]] 12:42, 28 May 2011 (EDT)

: Correct score: 31. Good effort!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 16:17, 28 May 2011 (EDT)

1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. b
19. a
20. b
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c
27. b
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. d
32. b
33. b
34. b
35. c
36. b
37. d
38. b
39. b
40. b
41. d
42. c
43. d
44. d
45. a
extra credit
46. d
47. c (guys bonus question though I would not have minded answering the girl's bonus question which is c)--[[User:Harrymd|Harrymd]] 18:09, 29 May 2011 (EDT)Harrison M Dorobek

: Correct score: 44! Terrific!!!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 18:24, 29 May 2011 (EDT)

1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. D
29. C
30. D
S1. A
32. C
33. A
34. D
35. A
36. B
37. D (I did chuckle at IV, though)
38. C
39. D
40. C
41. C
42. C
43. A
44. D
45. B

EC-1. D
EC-2. C

Hope I did alright! --[[User:AhmedB|AhmedB]] 00:08, 30 May 2011 (EDT)

: You did well! Score: 34.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 19:23, 30 May 2011 (EDT)

: 1. C
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. A
23. B
24. B
25. C
26. C
27. B
28. C
29. C
30. D
31. A
32. C
33. C
34. D
35. C
36. D
37. D
38. C
39. B
40. A
41. C
42. C
43. C
44. A
45. B
EC1: D
EC2 (boys): C [[User:Gregkochuconn|Gregkochuconn]] 16:49, 5 June 2011 (EDT)

::Grade: 33. Well done!--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:06, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

My answers, I was Public School educated By the way.

1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5.c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a,
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. d
19. a
20. d
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c,
27. b,
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. a
32. b,
33. b
34. d
35. c
36. b,
37. d,
38. c,
39. b
40. b
41. d,
42. c
43. d
44. d,
45. a
Bonus: d
Female: C
Male: C

Test was too fun had to answer both questions, couldn't help myself.

Commentary on some of the questions
14. although it's roots are in the early 20th century, so technically none of the above
18. but also b FERA est 1932 under Hoover, but Servicemens Readjustments act although a Roosevelt policy was geared towards WWII, although one could argue it was part of the New Deal
27.thanks in no small part to your mother Andy
32. but also a if you're a liberal
36.for parts of the war, although it was a mobile army for a decent time he was based in NJ
37. although as a zombie his book may rely on his craving for brains
38. Bellamy in the late 19th century can be said to be one of the forefathers, and th progressive era began in the late 19th century, with most of the legislation of the progressive era coming after Teddy Roosevelt came to power so also kind of b.
41.although this is a politically charged question
44. although the official church didn't form until the 1860s the millerite movement started in 1843 and 1844
Female Bonus: although this is when women got rights, your definition of chivalry is frighteningly close to upending women's rights and there is nothing less chivalrous than that in my opinion.
Male Bonus: although even in the 1850s it was seen as the national pastime in the north mostly though.
Fun test, Hope I did well enough.
--[[User:Rlpond|Rlpond]] 20:36, 9 June 2011 (EDT)

OK, that was fun. It would be even more fun if you had an interactive page with a timer, reducing scores when passing a certain amount of time. It took me a full 15 min.; had to think on some, and may have missed some.
1. c
2. c
3. c
4. a
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. a
12. d
13. c
14. a
15. c
16. c
17. d
18. d
19. a
20. b
21. a
22. a
23. b
24. b
25. c
26. c
27. b
28. c
29. c
30. d
31. a
32. b
33. b
34. b
35. d
36. d
37. d
38. b
39. b
40. b
41. b
42. c
43. d
44. d
45. a

XC1. d
XC2. c
[[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 19:58, 12 June 2011 (EDT)

==Headline text ==

Sarah Palin

2011-06-11T16:03:29Z

Cristiana55: /* Publications */ Details about Going Rogue; arranging books chronologically

{{Officeholder
|name=Sarah Palin
|image=Sarah Palin.jpg
|party=[[Republican]]
|spouse=[[Todd Palin]]
|religion=Christian
|offices=
{{Officeholder/governor
|number=11th
|state=Alaska
|terms=December 4, 2006 - July 26, 2009
|preceded=[[Frank Murkowski]]
|former=y
|succeeded=[[Sean Parnell]]
}}
{{Officeholder/mayor
|number=
|city=Wasilla, Alaska
|terms=1996–2002
|preceded=John Stein
|former=y
|succeeded=Diane Keller
}}
}}

'''Sarah Louise Heath Palin''' (pronounced pay'-lynn) (born February 11, 1964) is a [[conservative]] [[Republican Party|Republican]] who served as the 11th [[Governor]] of [[Alaska]] from 2006 through 2009. She is the youngest person to hold this office as well as the first woman to do so in the state's history. On July 3, 2009 Palin announced that she would resign as Governor of Alaska.<ref>http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/palin_not_running/2009/07/03/231789.html</ref> Executive power was transferred to [[Lieutenant Governor]] [[Sean Parnell]].

Palin came to national attention as Senator [[John McCain]]'s Vice Presidential running mate in the [[2008 Presidential Election]].<ref>[http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/08/palins_vp_selection_speech.html Acceptance Speech by Palin]</ref> She was the first woman to appear on a Republican Presidential ticket. She brought a [[populism|populist]] image and a record of cutting wasteful spending and reforming government to McCain's ticket. In the summer of 2007, she was the most popular governor in America, having cut 13% of [[Alaska]]'s budget.<ref>http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/013/851orcjq.asp</ref> She is strongly [[pro-life]] and a prominent spokesperson for [[special needs]] children. In an appearance on August 30, 2008 in Washington, Pennsylvania, she was greeted by a surprisingly large crowd as she promoted the new McCain-Palin ticket. She favors more competition in health care and pushed for abolishing the [[certificate of need]] regulations that interfere with opening new medical clinics.<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/09/04/AR2008090403253.html?referrer=emailarticle</ref>

Palin and her husband [[Todd Palin|Todd]] have been married for 20 years. Todd was a member of the United Steelworkers Union, and their eldest son (of five children) is in the [[United States Army]], having served in [[Iraq]].

Her memoir ''[[Going Rogue]]'' was published in November 2009, with Palin drawing large crowds to book signing occasions around the country. She comments regularly on public affairs via her Facebook page, criticizing the "death panels" of the health care reform program and praising President Obama's pro-war speech upon his receiving the [[Nobel]] Peace prize in December 2009. She appears regularly on [[Fox News Channel]].<ref>http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/11/sarah-palin-to-contribute-to-fox-news/?scp=2&sq=Palin&st=cse</ref>

==Personal Background==
[[Image:Sarah Palin Todd Trig.jpg|thumb|right|250px|In this April 23, 2008 file photo, Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, left, and her husband, Todd Palin, hold their baby boy Trig in Anchorage, Alaska. 
''Photo courtesy of Newsmax.com'']]

Palin arrived in Alaska with her family in 1964, when her parents came to teach school in Skagway. Palin attended Wasilla High School where her extracurricular activities included captaining the basketball team which went on to win the state championship.<ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122108935141721343.html?mod=googlenews_wsj Obama Can't Win Against Palin] Wall Street Journal, September 11, 2008</ref> After graduating in 1982, she went on to college, attending several institutions before she received a bachelor of science degree in communications-journalism from the [[University of Idaho]] in 1987. To earn money for college, Palin entered beauty pageants.

She worked in the media and the utility industry before beginning her career in public service 14 years ago.

Over the course of her 44 years in Alaska she has lived in Skagway, Eagle River and Wasilla.

She is married to [[Todd Palin]], part Yupik [[Eskimo]], who is a lifelong Alaskan. Todd formerly worked at a non-management union job in the oil industry, and also as a commercial salmon fisherman. He is a four-time champion of the Iron Dog, the world's longest snowmobile race.

Todd and Sarah have five children together: Track, Bristol, Willow, Piper, and Trig.

Sarah Palin is a [[Labor union|union]] member, a [[moose]] hunter and holds a membership in the [[NRA]].<ref>[http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/08/29/mccain-to-name-running-mate-on-friday/ McCain Names Alaska Gov. Palin as Running Mate] Fox News, August 29, 2008</ref>

Palin has been widely praised among conservatives for acting on her [[pro-life]] beliefs in the case of her youngest son, Trig, who was diagnosed with [[Down syndrome]] in the fourth month of her pregnancy. After researching the condition, she and her husband agreed to continue to pregnancy:
: "[My husband Todd said,] we shouldn't be asking 'Why us?' We should be saying 'Well, why not us?' We've both been very vocal about being pro life. We understand that every innocent life has wonderful potential. I'm looking at him right now, and I see perfection. Yeah, he has an extra chromosome. I keep thinking, in our world, what is normal and what is perfect?"<ref>http://www.celebrity-babies.com/2008/05/gov-sarah-palin.html</ref><ref>[http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=29242 Canadian Doctors 'Fear' Sarah Palin's Choice May Start a Trend] Catholic Online, September 11, 2008</ref>

Trig was born on April 18, 2008, four months before his mother was announced as the vice-presidential candidate. Palin wrote:
:"This new person in your life can help everyone put things in perspective and bind us together, and get everyone focused on what really matters ... Those who love him will think less about self and focus less on what the world tells [us] is 'normal' or 'perfect.'"<ref name="people">[[People magazine]]</ref>

:"It's a sign of the times to be able to do this," she said. "I can think of so many male candidates who watched a families grow while they were in office. There is no reason to believe a woman can't do it with a growing family. My baby will not be at all or in any sense neglected."<ref>Alaska governor balances newborn's needs, official duties [http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-05-10-4082128881_x.htm]</ref>

Palin's older son, Track, serves in the U.S. Army, and was deployed to [[Iraq War|Iraq]] in September 2008. Palin says, "I'm proud of him but I worry."

In September of 2008, Palin announced that her daughter Bristol was five months pregnant. After having been given the choice, Bristol bravely chose to keep the child. Palin stated "We're proud of Bristol's decision to have her baby and even prouder to become grandparents."<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080901/ap_on_el_pr/cvn_palin_daughter Palin says 17-year-old daughter is pregnant]</ref> Bristol has since gone on to promote abstinence as a realistic choice for teenagers, stating, "[A]bstinence is the only way you can effectively, 100% foolproof way you can prevent pregnancy."<ref>http://www.lifenews.com/nat5025.html</ref> On July 14, 2010 Bristol Palin announced that she and Levi Johnston had become re-engaged and wanted to be married as soon as possible. <ref>[http://content.usatoday.com/communities/entertainment/post/2010/07/bristol-palin-levi-johnston-are-engaged/1 USA Today; Bristol Palin, Levi Johnston are engaged. Jul 14, 2010]</ref> Two weeks later Bristol said the reconciliation was over. <ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20407608,00.html People Magazine interview; August 3, 2010]</ref>

[[Image:Palin Family..jpg|thumb|left|Palin family members at the announcement of Palin's vice presidential selection, August 29, 2008. From left: Todd, Piper, Willow, Bristol, and Trig.]]

==Political Career==
Palin was elected to two terms on the Wasilla City Council, and then two terms as the Mayor / Manager of Alaska's fastest growing community (Population: 5400 in 2000)<ref>[http://wasilla.areaconnect.com/statistics.htm Wasilla Population and Demographics]</ref>. During her time as mayor, Palin hired a Washington lobbying firm to help secure $8 million in congressionally directed spending projects, otherwise known as earmarks.<ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2008-08-31-palin-bridge_N.htm Palin backed 'bridge to nowhere' in 2006]</ref> Ms. Palin's leadership qualities were recognized when she was elected as President of the Alaska Conference of Mayors. In 2002, she ran for Lieutenant Governor, but came in second in a four-way race. Later that year, when [[Frank Murkowski]] resigned his [[Senate]] seat to become [[governor]], she interviewed for the opening. Instead, Murkowski appointed his daughter to the seat. From there, she went on to run for governor and won, becoming the first female governor of Alaska and its youngest.

In 2003, then-Governor Mukowski appointed Palin to serve as Panel Ethics Commissioner of Alaska's Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, which regulates Alaska's [[non-renewable energy|non-renewable]] resources: [[oil]] and [[gasoline|gas]]. She resigned in 2004 as a protest over the "lack of ethics" of fellow panelists who had ignored her complaints of legal violations and conflicts of interest. In a similar vein, Palin took a great political risk by revealing that Randy Reudrich, chairman of the state Republican party, was doing political business on state time. She did this to fulfil a [[conflict of interest]] statement that required her to report such things; to omit the revelation would have been dishonest. But it turned out that this action endeared her to the people of Alaska.<ref>[http://churchformen.blogspot.com/2008/09/people-around-world-are-asking-who-is.html Sarah Palin, a friend of mine]</ref>

To help cultivate influence and political clout in the state, Palin served from 2003 - June, 2005 as one of three directors of the "Ted Stevens Excellence in Public Service, Inc.", a 527 group that raised funds from corporate donors.<ref>[http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/09/01/palin_was_a_director_of_embatt.html#more Palin Was a Director of Embattled Sen. Ted Stevens's 527 Group]</ref> The stated purpose of the group is, "To increase the number of Republican women in elected offices and in appointed governmental and political positions, including advisory and regulatory commissions through training and education."<ref>[http://www.campaignmoney.com/political/527/ted_stevens_excellence_in_public_service_inc.asp Ted Stevens Excellence in Public Service, Inc.]</ref>

She ran for Governor in 2006 on a clean government platform, and accomplished a political rarity in defeating the incumbent Governor [[Frank Murkowski]] in his own Republican primary. Palin went on to defeat former Governor [[Tony Knowles]] in the general election.

She has also served on the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission. She was named one of Alaska's "Top 40 Under 40", Alaska's Public Works "Person of the Year", and was recently inducted into the Sigma Beta Delta Honor Society at Alaska Pacific University.

Palin has served on numerous boards and commissions throughout the State, and stays active as a marathon runner, sports team mom, hockey manager and school volunteer. A lifetime member of the [[NRA]], she enjoys hunting, fishing and Alaska history.<ref>http://gov.state.ak.us/bio.php Alaska Governor Sarah Palin</ref>

===Resignation===
In July of 2009, Governor Palin held a national press conference to announce that she would resign her office effective July 26, 2009. She explained:
{{Cquote|My choice is to take a stand and effect change – not hit our heads against the wall and watch valuable state time and money, millions of your dollars, go down the drain in this new environment. Rather, we know we can effect positive change outside government at this moment in time, on another scale, and actually make a difference for our priorities – and so we will, for Alaskans and for Americans.<ref>[http://www.gov.state.ak.us/exec-column.php Executive Column: Palin's resignation announcement]</ref>}}

That decision was based on the Democrat strategy of filing frivolous court grievances against the governor, more than 13 since November 2008, costing Alaska taxpayers over $1 million. She would would be triumphant in all those legal battles not losing once. The [[liberal]] criticism strategy shifted to call her a quiter over her decision not to complete her term of office and for pursuing media and financial opportunities.

==Record as Governor==

===Highlights===

*With a budget surplus, Palin cut expenses of Alaska's government.
*Put in place government hiring freezes
*Palin championed the private sector
*Reduced earmarks by 86%
*Vetoed the largest amounts in Alaska state’s history

===Energy and Oil===

Palin spoke a great deal about harnessing [[oil]] and natural [[gas]] resources, Palin presented the Alaska Gasline Inducement Act (AGIA) in March 2007, which was intended to lead to the construction of a gasline. <ref>http://www.newsminer.com/news/2008/aug/29/palin-alaska-gasline-inducement-act-nears-completi/</ref> It received bipartisan support and was signed into law by Governor Palin in June. In August of 2008 she signed legislation giving state authority to award TransCanada Corp a license to build and operate a multibillion-dollar pipeline to ship natural gas from the North Slope. <ref>http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=2e84b1e8-9a4a-4558-ad05-21b517c50fae</ref> While this was intended to improve Alaska's economy it became merely a vehicle to pay $37 million to Transcanada with potential libailities for the state of up to half a billion dollars <ref>http://www.adn.com/2011/01/20/1659129/lawmakers-express-frustration.html</ref> all for a pipeline that will not be able to make money for 20 years based on natural gas forecasts <ref>http://www.adn.com/2010/12/22/1616472/report-leaves-pipeline-out-of.html</ref>. Alaska's law makers are currently looking for ways to exit the Palin plan for a gas line. <ref>http://www.adn.com/2011/02/04/1684449/alaska-lawmakers-propose-ditching.html</ref> As Governor, Palin created a new subcabinet that develops policies to reduce greenhouse gases and help the state adapt to [[climate change]]. She supports oil production in ANWR, connecting it with national security.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GE11URmmnc</ref>

In 2007 the housing bubble burst, which did not significantly affect Alaska. It did soften the dollar, which raised the dollar price of oil in the global market with out raising the costs of production, this lead to windfall profits. Over the objections of oil companies, Palin worked with the [[Democrats]] on the Alaska state legislature to approve a major increase in taxes on the oil industry.<ref>[http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2008103325_alaskatax07.html Windfall tax lets Alaska rake in billions from Big Oil]</ref>"Alaska's Clear and Equitable Share" (ACES, Lapooned by the conservative talk radio media as Alaskans Clearly Entering Socialism<ref>Rick Rydell Radio Program, 650KENI.com, 2/8/2011, 8:43 AM Alaska Standard Time</ref>.) The state then gave Alaskans a $1200 check to pay for increased gas prices, using the increased revenues from the tax.<ref>[http://hotair.com/archives/2008/08/11/palin-backed-alaskan-windfall-profits-tax/ Palin backed Alaskan windfalls-profit tax]</ref>

Palin also announced on May 21, 2008 that the state would challenge a recent listing of [[polar bears]] as a threatened species as she and other Alaska elected officials feared such a listing would cripple oil and gas development in prime polar bear habitat off the state's northern and northwestern coasts. Palin's belief is that there is not enough evidence to support a listing, asserting that polar bears are well-managed and their population has dramatically increased over 30 years as a result of conservation.

As governor of Alaska in Jan. 2009, Palin announced support for [[Alternative energy]] programs as she proposed a statewide energy plan that called for 50% of Alaska's power to be generated by renewable resources by 2025.<ref> Dan Joling, "Palin unveils state energy goals," [http://www.adn.com/news/alaska/story/657216.html ''Anchorage Daily News'' Jan. 16, 2009]</ref>

====Reaction to Gulf of Mexico oil spill====

Palin has pointed out how environmentalists are responsible for locking up safer drilling areas on dry land, effectively forcing offshore drilling to become the preferred mode of acquiring oil, thus inviting crisis like the [[Gulf of Mexico oil spill]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nysun.com/editorials/sarah-palins-way-of-thinking/86988/|work=[[The New York Sun]]|format=HTML|title=Sarah Palin’s Way of Thinking|date=June 5th 2010|language=English|quote=Governor Palin’s point will, we predict, become only more logical in the face of the disaster of the Deepwater Horizon. And she will increasingly come to be seen as having a clear way of thinking. She thinks like an economist. She understands that policies have consequences. If one wants, as the environmentalists have been doing for a decade, to restrict onshore drilling, it is going to incent offshore drilling.}}</ref>

===State Economy===
[[Image:Govp_2008stos_large.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Gov. Sarah Palin delivering her 2008 State of the State address]] At first, Palin supported the Gravina Island Bridge Project, otherwise known as the "Bridge to Nowhere". In September 2006, during a stop in [[Ketchikan]] as part of her gubernatorial campaign, Palin stated, "OK, you've got Valley trash standing here in the middle of nowhere," Palin said, according to an account in the Ketchikan Daily News. "I think we're going to make a good team as we progress that bridge project."<ref>[http://www.adn.com/sarahpalin/story/511471.html Palin touts stance on 'Bridge to Nowhere']</ref> The $398 million bridge would have connected Ketchikan, on Revillagigedo Island in southern southeast Alaska, to its airport on nearby Gravina island. The Anchorage Daily News also quoted her in an October, 2006 article as saying yes, she would continue state funding for the bridge because she wanted swift action on infrastructure projects. "The window is now while our congressional delegation is in a strong position to assist," she said.<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080831/ap_on_el_pr/cvn_bridge_to_nowhere;_ylt=Am.NkRx1mLWk9A34FLhn8IADW7oF Critics: Palin used 'Bridge to Nowhere' for gain]</ref> Palin announced her opposition to the project in a 2007 press release.

She has stated her opposition arose because of the excessive amount of pork-barrel spending in the project, and that she would not fund the $329 million that was short for the budget.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/09/22/alaska.bridge.ap/</ref> This reversal cost her the support of prominent Alaskan Republicans like Former state House Speaker Gail Phillips, who said, "You don't tell a group of Alaskans you support something and then go to someplace else and say you oppose it". Palin instead said that the best option would be to upgrade the ferry system. However, the money that was retained from the earmark was not used for the ferry system, but was spent building a road on Gravina Island that links to the site of the canceled bridge.<ref name="bridge">http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN3125537020080901 Palin "bridge to nowhere" line angers many Alaskans</ref>

Prominent Alaskan politicians criticized Palin for not "giving back" money earmarked for the project. These critics included her Republican campaign coordinator in Ketchikan, who stated that "She said 'thanks but no thanks,' but they kept the money".<ref name="bridge" /> However, state governments do not "give back" money in the manner proposed.

Three times during Palin's time as mayor, earmark funding for projects in Wasilla were noted in [[John McCain]]'s list of "objectionable" spending in 2001 and 2002. McCain's list of spending approved without normal budget scrutiny identified a $500,000 earmark for a public transportation project in the city and a $1 million earmark for an emergency communications center while $450,000 was set aside for an agricultural processing facility.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/news/la-na-earmarks3-2008sep03,0,6145252.story McCain had criticized earmarks from Palin]</ref> Palin, of course, as mayor of a small town had no ability to put these items in a Congressional bill, but her town did benefit from earmarked spending given to Alaska.

=== Foreign Policy ===
[[Image:Ftwainwright_govp_05s.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Governor Sarah Palin visits Strykers at Fort Wainwright, where she is briefed on how the troops are trained and what the training grounds provide.]]
Palin served as Commander in Chief of the Alaska Army [[National Guard]]. In 2007 she visited troops in [[Germany]] and [[Kuwait]]. According to Major General Craig E. Campbell, the adjutant general of the Alaska National Guard who commands the roughly 3,800 state militia members, the Alaskan governor is not in the site's chain of command and has no authority over its operations. He told the Associated Press on August 31st that he and Palin play no role in national defense activities, even when they involve the Alaska National Guard. He went on to state that the entire operation is under federal control.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/08/31/ap/politics/main4401854.shtml GOP Cites Palin's Skill, But How Relevant Is It?]</ref>

During her first major interview, with ABC's [[Charlie Gibson]], Gibson asked Palin if she agreed with the "[[Bush Doctrine]]". Palin responded, "In what respect, Charlie?" Gibson followed, "What do you interpret it to be?" Palin answered with another question, "His world view?" Gibson still refused to answer directly but instead stated it was the doctrine Bush had proposed in September of 2002, before the Iraq war. Palin gave a response concerning Bush's attempt to eradicate Islamic extremism. Gibson then explained that the Bush doctrine refers to the right of anticipatory defense, a right to a [[Preemptive war|preemptive]] strike against any country that we think is going to attack us. What Gibson did not point out is that he himself once gave a definition of the "Bush doctrine" (a concept made up by the press that has no clear definition) that was similar to Palin's answer. Indeed it has been pointed out since that there are actually four different versions of what the Bush doctrine is and the term and meaning changes over time and place.<ref>http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/09/12/palins-definition-of-bush-doctrine-hits-the-gibson-mark/</ref>

===Legislature Investigation===
On July 11th Palin's chief of Staff fired Commissioner of Public Safety Walt Monegan, she was heavily criticized for the action on the 12th in the state newspapers and on the 14th in the conservative talk radio media <ref>Rick Rydell, Mike Porcaro, and Eddy Burke, as well as Shannyn Moore the liberal</ref>, and on the Blog of prominent Alaskan Republican Andrew Halcro on the 17th, because Walt Monegan was a very popular administrator. The outrage was 1.5 months before she was announced for VP. On the 11th of August of 2008, the [[Alaska]] state legislature began an investigation of Palin and her staff for potential abuse of power in regards to a firing of Monegan, The vote to begin this action was held on July 28th, two weeks and two days after the firing. Legally, Palin could dismiss Monegan at any time as he serves at the pleasure of the governor. Monegan was dismissed from his position in July of 2008, which Palin's political opponents claim was due to Monegan's refusal to fire trooper Mike Wooten, Palin's former brother-in-law who had a history of complaints including tasering his 10 year old stepson.<ref name="pc">http://www.postchronicle.com/news/original/article_212168861.shtml</ref> Palin says she released Monegan due to differences on budgeting. In an interview Monegan said that he was never told specifically by Sarah Palin to fire the state trooper Mike Wooten.<ref name="pc" />

Palin has denied the charges and, as is customary, the State of Alaska has hired a lawyer to represent her office in the investigation. August 25th, the Legislative Council voted 12-0 to hire Democratic state senator Hollis French as the investigator.<ref>[http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=59d_1220063478 Investigation into Governor Sarah Palin's abuse of powers] CBS 11, August 30, 2008</ref> The Senate Judiciary Committee voted 3-2 and the House Judiciary Committee voted 7-0. The State's attorney released this statement:<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/cvn_palin_troopergate Palin hires attorney for Troopergate investigation]</ref>

:The governor of every state gets legal counsel and this attorney is part of a weeks-old effort to provide this governor defense in a series of outlandish politically motivated charges. This legal defense is neither new nor uncommon nor at all political. It is a matter of her job and is not recent and it is not related to her selection on the McCain-Palin ticket.

The McCain campaign came out with a picture that includes three lead state Democratic legislators investigating the Branchflower probe, known as ‘Troopergate'. The photo shows the three of them at [[Obama]] headquarters in Anchorage, Alaska in July. The photo did not include any of the Republicans also calling for investigation. The McCain campaign said the whole investigation is politically tainted and compromised. Republican Rep. John Coghill of North Pole called on managing investigator, legislator French to step down from the probe, saying he no longer had confidence in his objectivity. "These statements cause me to think that the report is already written even though the investigation is only just begun and the most important witnesses have not even been interviewed,” Coghill wrote in a letter calling for French’s replacement. “The investigation appears to be lacking in fairness, neutrality and due process.”<ref>[http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2078644/posts McCain Camp has pictures of "troopergate" investigators at Obama Headquarters] FreeRepublic.com, September 9, 2008</ref> Democratic State Senator Kim Elton, head of the legislative council overseeing the investigation, said the decisions made by Sen. Hollis French "have been appropriate, bipartisan ... and unchallenged" and that French has called the comments he made last week "regrettable".<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/09/08/palin.investigation/ Head of Palin trooper probe will stay, lawmaker says]</ref> Lawyer Thomas Van Flein called the investigation "unlawful and unconstitutional" and said the man hired to run it, former prosecutor Stephen Branchflower, has a conflict of interest because he is a friend of the fired commissioner.<ref>[http://www.adn.com/troopergate/story/522488.html Palin's attorney calls investigator biased] Ap, September 11, 2008</ref>

The investigation issued its report for the Alaska State Legislative Council on October 10, 2008, concluding that Monegan's refusal to fire the trooper was not the sole reason he was dismissed, but was likely a contributing factor. The author of the report, Stephen Branchflower, focused on two questions of the inquiry: did Palin fire Walt Monegan improperly, and was the firing solely because of his refusal to fire her ex brother-in-law. "Governor Palin knowingly permitted a situation to continue where impermissible pressure was placed on several subordinates in order to advance a personal agenda, to wit: to get Trooper Michael Wooten fired," Branchflower wrote.<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE4998X420081011</ref> Based on this, Branchflower claims that "I find that Governor Sarah Palin abused her power by violating Alaska Statute 39.52.110(a) of the Alaska Executive Branch Ethics Act."<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/projects/pdf/DOWNLOAD.pdf Page 8</ref>

In accordance with the second question the report focused on, Branchflower wrote, "I find that, although Walt Monegan's refusal to fire Trooper Michael Wooten was not the sole reason he was fired by Governor Sarah Palin, it was likely a contributing factor to his termination as Commissioner of Public Safety," Branchflower wrote. The second finding of the report reads: "In spite of that, Governor Palin's firing of Commissioner Monegan was a proper and lawful exercise of her constitutional and statutory authority to hire and fire executive branch department heads." Branchflower also dismissed the Palins' assertions that they were afraid of Wooten because of threats they said he made. "Such claims of fear were not bona fide and were offered to provide cover for the Palins' real motivation: to get Trooper Wooten fired for personal family related reasons," he wrote.<ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_10692757?source=most_viewed</ref>

A preemptive response to this report was issued by the McCain/Palin campaign on October 9th, in which the campaign's own investigation concluded that Palin "acted within her proper and lawful authority in the reassignment of Walt Monegan".<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE4998X420081011</ref>

In the end the "October Surprise" predicted by the head of the commission came to pass. Although the commission was asked not to release its findings until after the election to avoid political posturing, they refused to do so. Apart from tarring and feathering Palin, the report made no recommendations for any further inquiries or punishment, as it was understood that there was no case to do so. No direct reports of Sarah Palin abusing her power were ever produced or asking for the official to be fired were ever produced, but that didn't stop the report from drawing its conclusions based upon conjecture without evidence. Indeed, after the hoopla over the report subsided, the state personnel board released its finding that exonerated her of any wrongdoing.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20081104/ap_on_el_pr/palin_troopergate</ref>

==Vice Presidential Candidate==

On August 29, 2008, Palin was announced to be the Vice Presidential nominee for Republican Senator John McCain.<ref>http://www.newsmax.com/headlines/sarah_palin_vp/2008/08/29/126138.html</ref> The selection was a surprise, as those in the media were expecting [[Minnesota]] Governor [[Tim Pawlenty]] or former [[Massachusetts]]'s Governor [[Mitt Romney]]. Palin adds youth and executive experience to the ticket. She is the second female Vice Presidential candidate of a major party in U.S. history and the first one on a Republican ticket. The first was [[Geraldine Ferraro]], who the Democratic Party put on the ticket under [[Walter Mondale]] in 1984.

Palin's speech before the Republican convention on Wednesday, September 3rd was watched by over 40 million people. She had as many people turn in to see her as watched Obama's acceptance speech on the final day of the Democratic convention. Palin has also been attacked by the press on a level not seen since [[Dan Quayle]], although she ultimately handled it much better.
===Democrat Responses===
In a possible problem for the Democratic ticket, a majority of people believed that the press was trying to hurt Palin<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/story/rasmussen/20080904/pl_rasmussen/palinmedia20080904;_ylt=AqErk__wZIKdoVvqUXdr44Nh24cA</ref> and that type of unwarranted attack could have backfired into more support for the McCain/Palin ticket especially with unaffiliated voters believing the press is purposely attacking Palin by a 49% to 32% margin.

Many Democrats had advised the Obama campaign to ignore Palin, fearing that emphasis on her inexperience will backfire against Obama himself.<ref>[http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/capital/2008/09/05/tips-for-obama-ignore-palin-dis-mccain Matt Coopoer, "Tips for Obama: Ignore Palin, Dis McCain," Sept. 5, 2008, ''Conde-Nast Portfoloio.com'']</ref> She participated in a debate with the Democratic VP candidate Joe Biden on October 2, 2008, ending up being declared the winner by most credible news sources that are not influenced by liberal bias. Palin "kept Joe Biden on the defensive" and "ended up dominating [the debate]".<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1008/14234.html</ref>

During a campaign event in [[Virginia]], Barack Obama said of the McCain/Palin ticket's similar policies, "...You can put lipstick on a pig, it's still a pig."<ref>http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=94481288</ref> Given the fact that she's stated "The difference between a hockey mom and a pitbull (is) lipstick" and the fact that only a female candidate would wear lipstick, the McCain camp released a web ad implying that the comment was targeting Governor Palin. The ad featured video clips of Gov. Palin convention speech, Obama's remarks at the campaign event, and a clip of Katie Couric commenting on pervasive sexism in the campaign. After extensive discussion in the news media, the ad was removed from McCain's website and other video sites following a copyright claim by CBS news.<ref>[http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0908/CBS_takes_down_McCain_webad_suggests_its_misleading.html?showall]</ref>

In what prosecutors described as an attempt to derail the campaign, Palin's private email account was hacked by a liberal activist and son of a Democratic lawmaker who was charged with four felonies carrying a maximum of 50 years for criminal privacy rights violations.<ref>http://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/09/18/palin_email_investigation_continues/</ref> The offender, a self described Obama supporter, was convicted and sentenced to one year.

Palin is a lightning rod to the established [[liberal]] women's movement. She, like many high profile conservative females, has taken much abuse from the left. Palin has been forced to set up a legal defense fund to help pay for fees related to an onslaught of ethic complaints, which are always frivolous.<ref>[http://primebuzz.kcstar.com/?q=node/18738 Palin blasts Obama administration: Government wants to "control the people"] CNN</ref> Because she is retiring from being governor of Alaska, the anti-American liberals pat themselves on the back in glee. Liberals still fail to understand that she is ''the'' typical conservative that the majority of Americans identify with. Her principles and her outlook on Americanism is a model for all future leaders.

Palin said of the people who have filed the complaints:
{{cquote| '''Those are the folks who want to tell me, they want to tell you, to sit down and shut up. We will not do that. I just can't, because I love my state. I love my country.''' }}

===Impact on Ticket===

In the run-up to the Vice-Presidential debate on October 2, 2008, a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center attempted to measure the degree to which Palin impacted the GOP ticket positively or negatively in September.<ref>http://people-press.org/report/456/obama-regains-lead</ref> The survey compared the answers to two identical questions about her qualifications and overall favorable/unfavorable rating between polls taken in early and late September. The results show that public opinion of Palin has fallen significantly since the Republican convention, particularly in the public's opinion of her qualification to be Vice President. Faced with a barrage of negative press attacks after her nomination, some prominent Republicans like [[Mitt Romney]] believe that the isolation of Palin from the media in September was a mistake, and are calling for an increase in unscripted encounters with the press and public to counter that perception. According to Romney, "Holding Sarah Palin to just three interviews and microscopically focusing on each interview I think has been a mistake. I think they’d be a lot wiser to let Sarah Palin be Sarah Palin. Let her talk to the media, let her talk to people."<ref>http://features.csmonitor.com/politics/2008/09/30/doubts-about-palin-grow-even-among-conservatives/</ref> Exit polling from the election itself had the final say on the matter of her impact on the ticket. For those who considered her nomination on the ticket to be unimportant, 57% voted for Obama. For those who considered her nomination to be important, 53% voted for Obama, thereby showing a positive overall impact on the ticket. Considering that exit polling tilts Democratic, the actual impact may have been greater.

When asked during an interview with liberal media pundit Katie Couric what newspapers and magazines Palin read (a classic [[Liberal trap]]), Palin fumbled and was unable to name any particular news source because of the side-swipe. This added fuel to charges that she was not qualified to run for Vice President, when in fact she was clearly qualified by her service as governor. Palin charges back at Couric and other liberal media attacks in her book [[Going Rogue]].

==Palin in 2012==
Palin has the support of a large, enthusiastic base on the right that is ready to work for her in Republican primaries. She has been coy about announcing plans for 2012, but she is well positioned for a presidential run. Given her personal charisma, dedication to American values, and Reagan-esque connection with average, conservative Americans, she may be able to pull off a resounding victory.<ref>[http://www.capitalcityweekly.com/stories/120308/new_363163237.shtml Sarah Palin hits Republican talking points while stumping in Georgia]</ref>

Palin's "grassroots" appeal, however, often fails with people of real status. In June 2011 Palin expressed a desire to meet with Margaret Thatcher, one of Ronlad Reagan's staunchest international allies. An aid rapidly rebuffed the approach on behalf of Thatcher: [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/wintour-and-watt/2011/jun/07/margaretthatcher-sarahpalin "Lady Thatcher will not be seeing Sarah Palin. That would be belittling for Margaret. Sarah Palin is nuts."]

==SarahPAC==

On January 27, 2009 Palin formed the political action committee (PAC) SarahPAC. The organization supports "energy independence and reform" and will endorse candidates who "share Governor Palin’s ideas and goals."<ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=azCCxotgdG1E&refer=home</ref>

==Beliefs==
[[Image:Palin.JPG|right|150px]]
Palin believes in [[Real America]] and has referred to it often in her speeches.

Palin filled out a policy questionnaire for the Eagle Forum Alaska during her 2006 gubernatorial race. One question asked, "Will you support funding for abstinence-until-marriage education instead of for explicit sex-education programs, school-based clinics, and the distribution of contraceptives in schools?" Palin responded, "Yes, the explicit sex-ed programs will not find my support." Yet [[public schools]] still resist teaching abstinence and instead promote sexual behavior by teenagers.

Another question asked, "Are you offended by the phrase 'Under God' in the [[Pledge of Allegiance]]? Why or why not?" Palin replied, "Not on your life. '''If it was good enough for the Founding Fathers''', it's good enough for me and I'll fight in defense of our Pledge of Allegiance."

Many liberals ignorant of the history of "under God" have tried to ridicule Palin's remark, even calling her an "idiot" for it.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/michaeltomasky/2008/sep/01/week</ref><ref>The Pledge of Allegiance was written in 1892, and George Washington's phrase "under God" was added to it in June 1954.</ref> In fact, the origin of the phrase "under God" is the General Orders of [[George Washington]] on July 2 and 9, 1776: "The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army" (July 2); "the peace and safety of the Country now depends, under God, solely on the success of our arms" (July 9).<ref>http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/003/264xqezm.asp?pg=2</ref> George Washington was indeed a [[Founding Father]], and the Founding Fathers made no secret of their Christian faith and unfailing belief in God in the [[Declaration of Independence]] and later writings.

Palin also believes that students need to learn of the controversy surrounding the [[Theory of evolution|Theory of evolution]], and that discussing Creationism should not be banned from schools. During the 2006 campaign for the Alaskan Governorship, Palin was answering a question from the moderator near the conclusion of Wednesday night's televised debate on KAKM Channel 7 when she said, "Teach both. You know, don't be afraid of information. Healthy debate is so important, and it's so valuable in our schools. I am a proponent of teaching both."<ref>http://dwb.adn.com/news/politics/elections/story/8347904p-8243554c.html</ref> She later clarified her position by stating "I don't think there should be a prohibition against debate if it comes up in class. It doesn't have to be part of the curriculum." She added that, if elected, she would not push the state Board of Education to add such creation-based alternatives to the state's required curriculum. As of September 2008 she has kept that pledge.

In an example of liberal mockery, the [[Huffington Post]] attempted to make light of Sarah Palin's creationist beliefs, highlighting the creationism belief that [[dinosaur|dinosaurs]] and man coexisted.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/09/28/palin-claimed-dinosaurs-a_n_130012.html</ref> [[Saturday Night Live]] likewise did a skit in which they had her refer to the Museum of Natural History as "that evolution museum".

==Church Life==

Sarah Palin was baptized as a [[Roman Catholic]] and, at age 12, she was rebaptized in the Wasilla Assembly of God church.<ref>{{cite web
|accessdate=2008-08-30
|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-na-mccainveepbio30-2008aug30,0,2159346.story
|title=Palin has risen quickly from PTA to VP pick
|author=Decker, Cathleen and Michael Finnegan,
|work=Los Angeles Times
|date=August 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| last = Gorsk| first = Eric
| url = http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5g4-w_DCWffagBaQb8Il9a0R2hkPAD92SL7E00
| title = Evangelicals energized by McCain-Palin ticket
| publisher =Associated Press
| date = 2008-08-30
| accessdate = 2008-08-30}}</ref>

Palin attends the Wasilla Bible Church<ref>{{cite web |first=David |last=Pepper |title=Regarding Governor Palin: A Letter from Pastor David Pepper |url=http://churchontherockak.org/Regarding-Sarah-Palin.html |publisher=Church on the Rock |accessdate=2008-09-04}}</ref>, an independent congregation,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wasillabible.org/faq.htm |title=Wasilla Bible Church FAQ |accessdate=2008-09-05 |work= |publisher= |date= }}</ref><ref name="miller">Lisa Miller and Amanda Coyne. "[http://www.newsweek.com/id/156679 A Visit to Palin's Church: Scripture and discretion on the program in Wasilla]." ''Newsweek''. Sept. 2, 2008.</ref> when at home and attended the Juneau Christian Center when in Juneau as governor.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement Concerning Sarah Palin |url=http://www.jccalaska.com/images/10000/3000/582JU/user/palin.htm |publisher=Juneau Christian Center |date=2008-09-03 |accessdate=2008-09-04}}</ref>

In December of 2008, Palin's church was severely damaged by arson. Damage to the Wasilla Bible Church was estimated at $1 million, authorities said. No one was injured in the fire, which was set Friday night while a handful of people, including two children, were inside. <ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/13/AR2008121302503.html Palin's Church Severely Damaged by Arson, WaPo, December 14, 2008]</ref> It is widely believed that leftist Palin-haters were responsible.

==Popularity==
Palin earned the highest TV ratings at the Republican convention when she spoke, even surpassing McCain's acceptance speech, and nearly matched Obama's acceptance speech<ref>http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/media_entertainment/palin-triggers-rnc-ratings-spike/</ref>, gaining unprecedented attention. Likewise her Vice Presidential debate with [[Joe Biden]] had more viewers than any of the three debates between McCain and Obama.<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1008/14201.html</ref> Also, her brief appearance on Saturday Night Live in October 2008 gave the show its highest ratings in 14 years, and was actually the third highest ranked show for the week based on the number of people who tuned in originally to watch her, 17 million, even though it ran at midnight in the East Coast Market.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/oct/20/ustelevision-tvratings</ref>
'''Sarah Palin's Alaska''' her reality show on The Learning Channel (TLC) drew about 2.5 million viewers on premier Sunday night, dominating its time slot<ref>http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2010/12/25/sunday-1219-cable-ratings-sarah-palins-alaska-top-gear-ax-men-leverage-kendra-real-housewives-more/76555</ref> and breaking TLC records with 5 million viewers having tuned in to watch the first episode.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/15/sarah-palins-alaska-ratings-tlc_n_783740.html</ref>

==Media Disdain==
Since day one of her nomination as vice president, the [[mainstream media | liberal media]] has sought to destroy Palin. <ref>[http://www.newsrealblog.com/2010/07/23/crucify-her-crucify-her-journalists-targeted-sarah-palin-in-non-official-campaign/ Crucify Her! Crucify Her! Journalists Targeted Sarah Palin in Non-Official campaign, Newsrealblog, July 23, 2010]</ref> former CBS anchor Katie Couric won a journalism award for her involvement in embarrassing Palin with questions related to sources she reads. This is the same media that passes on Obama's gaffes such as Obama's uncle liberated Auschwitz, a tornado in [[Kansas]] killed 10,000 people, his visit to the 57 states of America. Not much has changed in 3-years since becoming the VP nominee. Palin toured the country by bus and [[liberal]]s had a hissy fit trying to cover her every move. They went as far as accusing her of causing a "rolling menace" in traffic. <ref>[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/tim-graham/2011/06/05/politico-warns-palin-bus-tour-rolling-menace-traffic Politico Warns Palin Bus Tour Is a 'Rolling Menace' in Traffic, Newsbusters.org, June 5, 2011]</ref> So-called journalists have been repeating the lie by calling former Alaska governor Sarah Palin an idiot. Ailes marveled at the frenzy surrounding her tour of historic sites: “She’s so smart she’s got the press corps running up the whole East Coast behind her bus.”

==Sarah Palin The Movie==
A nearly two-hour long film, titled "The Undefeated," portrays Palin's time as Alaska's governor is set to be released in July 2011. Conservative filmmaker Stephen K. Bannon created the film. Palin had no editorial role in the film. She reportedly saw a rough cut of the film and was blown away. <ref>[http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/gop-presidential-primary/164781-palin-on-the-big-screen Palin on the big screen, The Hill, June 5, 2011]</ref>

==Publications==
[[File:Palin Book2.jpg|right|125px]]
* '''''[[Going Rogue: An American Life]]''''', [[Memoir]], published by Harper-Collins:(November 2009) <ref>[http://www.audacityofhypocrisy.com/2009/10/01/amazing-palin%E2%80%99s-book-number-one-on-both-amazon-and-barnes-unprecedented/ Amazing: Palin’s book number one on both Amazon and Barnes & Noble bestseller list, Audacity of Hypocrisy, October 1, 2009]</ref><ref>Rush Limbaugh. [http://www.rushlimbaugh.com/home/daily/site_111709/content/01125120.guest.html Rush Interviews Governor Sarah Palin], ''RushLimbaugh.com'', November 17, 2009.</ref><ref>Robert Shaffer. [http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/11/17/ap-turns-heads-devoting-reporters-palin-book-fact-check/ AP Turns Heads for Devoting 11 Reporters to Palin Book 'Fact Check'], ''FOXNews.com'', November 17, 2009.</ref> was a record-breaking bestseller. It was the #1 bestseller in its first week<ref>http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/25/going-rogue-goes-to-top-of-book-sales-chart/</ref> and a million copies had sold by the end of the second week.<ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/12/01/print/main5851137.shtml</ref> Sales for the year topped two and a half million.<ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2009/12/01/print/main5851137.shtml</ref> Palin pledged to donate royalties from books sold during the day she visited Ft. Hood to families of victims of the Nov. 6, 2009 massacre, estimated to be about $10,000.<ref>http://www.kxxv.com/story/11625002/palins-fort-hood-visit-fun-for-troops?redirected=true</ref> ''"I'm joining the efforts of many others by donating my royalties from the book sales during our stop at Fort Hood to the families of the victims whose lives have been forever changed by the tragic events."''<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2390058/posts</ref>

* '''''"America by Heart; Reflections on Family, Faith, and Flag"''''', Harper-Collins, November 2010. "Palin delivers an intimate and personal look at the woman behind the public servant. In her #1 New York Times bestselling memoir Going Rogue—the bestselling nonfiction book of 2009—Palin gave readers a look at her upbringing, her dynamic career, and her candidacy next to John McCain for the Vice Presidency of the United States. In this inspirational follow-up, her reflections on faith, family, and patriotism will read like a bible of American virtues for anyone hoping to understand the truths that lie at the heart of the nation." <ref>[http://www.harpercollins.com/books/America-Heart-Sarah-Palin/?isbn=9780062010964?AA=index_authorIntro_36341 America by Heart; Reflections on Family, Faith, and Flag - Harper Collins Website]</ref>

==References==

{{reflist|2}}
{{conservatism}}
==External Links==
*[http://www.gov.state.ak.us/ State of Alaska - Governor Sarah Palin Official Website]
*[http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=864bb9006da3f010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD National Governor's Association - Alaska Governor Sarah Palin]
*[http://votesmart.org/bio.php?can_id=27200 Project Vote Smart - Governor Sarah H. Palin]
*[http://www.ontheissues.org/Sarah_Palin.htm Sarah Palin On the issues]
*[http://parentingfreedom.com/2008/09/03/sarah-palin-mother-and-first-female-vice-president-pictures-children-parenting/ Sarah Palin: Mother and First Female Vice President], ''Parenting Freedom'', September 03, 2008
*[http://churchformen.blogspot.com/2008/09/people-around-world-are-asking-who-is.html Sarah Palin, a friend of mine]
*[http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NDE3MmE5MDVmMGM1YjQ2NmVhMjJkN2I2ZTcxMzhlNjU=&w=MA== I Still Hate You, Sarah Palin] National Review Online
*[http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/256099/i-hate-you-bristol-palin-david-kahane?page=1 I Hate You, Bristol Palin] National Review Online
*[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2011/05/28/tantaros-schultz-ingraham-affair-hatred-towards-conservative-women-la Hatred Towards Conservative Women is Last Acceptable Misogyny in U.S.]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Palin, Sarah}}
[[Category:Alaska Governors]]
[[Category:Republican Governors]]
[[Category:United States Mayors]]
[[Category:Women]]
[[Category:Tea Party Movement]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]
[[Category: Conservatives]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T23:52:51Z

Cristiana55: /* Reversion */ Possible vandalism

<div style="text-align:center">'''''Reminder: Please sign all comments. Thank you'''''</div>

Actually, Revere was captured early on. Other riders sent out the warning, but Revere had a name that was easy to rhyme. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 14:21, 17 April 2007 (EDT)

== need to cite source for recent edit ==

Can someone supply a citation or reference for the statement that Revere's intent was to warn the British?
[[User:RustyR|RustyR]] 13:02, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

It's been all over the news the past couple of days, and Palin did produce a historian who agreed with her. I'll see if I can find a good link on it.

I am having trouble understanding the need for the bottom part. Wikipedia already has the liberal version of events. Does Conservapedia need to cover the same ground?
=> Agreed. I just removed it. It was in the wrong section anyway, it clearly wasn't a reference.{{unsigned|Pharylon}}

Is it acceptable to have totally fabricated history on conservapedia, just because it differs from the "liberal version of the events"? Here is what Revere said *himself* about his ride:
"On Tuesday evening, the 18th, it was observed, that a number of Soldiers were marching towards the bottom of the Common. About 10 o'Clock, Dr. Warren Sent in great haste for me, and beged that I would imediately Set off for Lexington, where Messrs. Hancock & Adams were, and acquaint them of the Movement, and that it was thought they were the objets."

He set out to warn Hancock and Adams, not to affirm the 2nd amendment rights against BigGovernment. Don't we look like fools if we just make things up? {{unsigned|Jds}}

Is Paul Revere really the hill on which we want to tussle over political ideology? I reverted it back to the 2009 entry because it seems silly to sacrifice legitimate history in the name of politics. {{unsigned|Redsquareblack}}

No offense, but you sound like a conservative in name only to me. Sarah Palin did not "fabricate" history just because the liberal MSM said she did. Facts are facts, and there's an actual historian who agrees with Palin. {{unsigned|DanW}}

::I just learned two things about Conservapedia:
::*Anybody ''can'' join; I'd thought only scholars could.
::*It is utterly unscholarly. The Paul Revere article as it stood yesterday and this talk page convince me it is not scholarly, not reliable, not Christian. (Christians are honest.) I'm appalled. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:43, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Whoa! As it stands right now. Honest people don't rewrite history to fit a demagogue's faulty rhetoric. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:45, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::Okay, well you're entitled to your opinion, but we have no interest in your rants. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:49, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::::Does it matter to you if your article is truthful? [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:52, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::::Yes it does, but ranting like you're doing is not helping anything. Try this on Wikipedia and see what happens. Same will happen here if you continue to rant. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:55, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

They were resisting "Big Government bullying"?!?! Conservapedia - "The Trustworthy Encyclopedia". You've got to be f'ing kidding me. Enough said. {{unsigned|User:Lj485}}
:Please, vent your spleen, liver, hate and bigotry elsewhere. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:00, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::(Edit conflict) User:Lj485's comment is rude but true. It would be well to bear up under abusive language that bears a message worth hearing, imho. Clearly the "[[Big Government]] bullying" is not an accurate portrayal of the event. The complaints against the British crown enumerated in the Declaration of Independence do indeed constitute a kind of bullying by a big government, but the term and context are anachronistic while the analogy is inexact. I am unhappily surprised at the hostility displayed to newcomers by those I assume to be established editors. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Are you addressing User:Lj485's trolling or the substance of this article? The cites & sources I just reviewed say Palin articulated Revere's ride accurately. Granted, the idiom "big government" is non-contemporaneous or not in vogue parlance of that era, but CP s an educational resource for the youth of today and that language or narrative is quite effective. I don't see why it cannot be used without giving credit to Palin for her clarification of the facts in this instance. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:58, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::I was saying that despite his nastiness, User:Lj485 offered worthwhile criticism on the substance of the article as it stood at the time. It was not trustworthy information.
::::I appreciate your civility with me, but since you believe Palin clarified the facts and I think she muddied them, we'd best not continue the conversation. (What I think is that she made a mistake and then, grasping onto technicalities, refused to admit it. Btw, I live in Alaska and voted for her for governor. Her parents have eaten at my table because of a fishing connection with my husband. Imo she was a good governor until she quit to become a celebrity. She does not seem equipped to govern on the national level, but could do some good in her present role.) [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 23:26, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::::Maybe the words came out backwards but that is not definitive proof she's an idiot and unqualified to be president. Not anymore than Barack Obama's belief there's an Austrian language or U.S. troops liberated Auschwitz. It is proof, however, of meanspirited hateful people (if not sexist and bigotted) fearful of a mother and housewife. I don't know what else to tell ya. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 00:26, 8 June 2011 (EDT)
::::::I'm not an idiot, either, but sometimes my words come out backwards, too! But I don't insist I'm right when I know I'm wrong. I'm a mother, a believing Christian, and a registered Republican, but still not qualified to be president. I've run this line by my friends since Pat Robertson ran in 1988. Even though I'm also super-smart and really humble ;) my friends agree I'm not qualified. I'm looking at Palin from many angles, not at one gaffe, and just don't see her as presidential. The point here, though, is who Paul Revere was and what he did. The goal of his midnight ride was to warn the Americans, not the British, and I consider it unconscionable to misrepresent that fact. Best wishes, [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 01:51, 8 June 2011 (EDT)

==Reversion==
Is there a reason this mateial was reverted:
*''weapons, and that they would exercise their natural right to keep and bear arms to resist their [[Big Government]] bullying <ref>http://macsmind.com/wordpress/2011/06/03/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-reveres-ride/</ref><ref>http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/peter-roff/2011/06/06/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-revere</ref><ref>http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/The-Vote/2011/0606/Sarah-Palin-says-she-s-right-about-Paul-Revere.-Is-that-wrong</ref>. <references/>

[[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:41, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:See my comment above. I'm happy to answer any further questions. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::Oh, I didn't quite understand that when viewing from the edit page. The CSM and USM&WR are reliable sources and I didn't intentionally delete them. However, I see nothing in the brief paragraph on Revere that draws from them. Please note that the CSM maintains, "She remains kind of wrong," and USN&WR offers an odd opinion at variance with a quote it highlights smack in the middle of the page: ". . .where he had stopped to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock of the impending attack. . ." The other reference is a blog I myself do not consider a reliable source. You may feel differently and wish to restore it. What confounds me is the effort demonstrated here to adjust the facts to fit Palin's story, which is obviously not spot-on. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:58, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::See my above comment on a non-contemporaneous phrase. "Big government" can be used without mentioning Palin's name in the mainspace. I don't see where this would be a problem, at all. It nails the historical issues quite effecively, irrespective of whatever an ideological persepective anyone is coming from, then, now, or in the future. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 23:05, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

::::On going through the history of this article, I suspect some of the most erroneous and outrageous edits may have been made by vandals, not by genuine Conservapedians. It's a shame at least one of the real ones joined with what most was likely their mocking fun and games. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 19:52, 8 June 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T05:51:48Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ r

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T03:26:53Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ Over and out

<center>'''''Reminder: Please sign all comments. Thank you'''''</center>

Actually, Revere was captured early on. Other riders sent out the warning, but Revere had a name that was easy to rhyme. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 14:21, 17 April 2007 (EDT)

== need to cite source for recent edit ==

Can someone supply a citation or reference for the statement that Revere's intent was to warn the British?
[[User:RustyR|RustyR]] 13:02, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

It's been all over the news the past couple of days, and Palin did produce a historian who agreed with her. I'll see if I can find a good link on it.

I am having trouble understanding the need for the bottom part. Wikipedia already has the liberal version of events. Does Conservapedia need to cover the same ground?
=> Agreed. I just removed it. It was in the wrong section anyway, it clearly wasn't a reference.{{unsigned|Pharylon}}

Is it acceptable to have totally fabricated history on conservapedia, just because it differs from the "liberal version of the events"? Here is what Revere said *himself* about his ride:
"On Tuesday evening, the 18th, it was observed, that a number of Soldiers were marching towards the bottom of the Common. About 10 o'Clock, Dr. Warren Sent in great haste for me, and beged that I would imediately Set off for Lexington, where Messrs. Hancock & Adams were, and acquaint them of the Movement, and that it was thought they were the objets."

He set out to warn Hancock and Adams, not to affirm the 2nd amendment rights against BigGovernment. Don't we look like fools if we just make things up? {{unsigned|Jds}}

Is Paul Revere really the hill on which we want to tussle over political ideology? I reverted it back to the 2009 entry because it seems silly to sacrifice legitimate history in the name of politics. {{unsigned|Redsquareblack}}

No offense, but you sound like a conservative in name only to me. Sarah Palin did not "fabricate" history just because the liberal MSM said she did. Facts are facts, and there's an actual historian who agrees with Palin. {{unsigned|DanW}}

::I just learned two things about Conservapedia:
::*Anybody ''can'' join; I'd thought only scholars could.
::*It is utterly unscholarly. The Paul Revere article as it stood yesterday and this talk page convince me it is not scholarly, not reliable, not Christian. (Christians are honest.) I'm appalled. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:43, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Whoa! As it stands right now. Honest people don't rewrite history to fit a demagogue's faulty rhetoric. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:45, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::Okay, well you're entitled to your opinion, but we have no interest in your rants. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:49, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::::Does it matter to you if your article is truthful? [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:52, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::::Yes it does, but ranting like you're doing is not helping anything. Try this on Wikipedia and see what happens. Same will happen here if you continue to rant. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:55, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

They were resisting "Big Government bullying"?!?! Conservapedia - "The Trustworthy Encyclopedia". You've got to be f'ing kidding me. Enough said. {{unsigned|User:Lj485}}
:Please, vent your spleen, liver, hate and bigotry elsewhere. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:00, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::(Edit conflict) User:Lj485's comment is rude but true. It would be well to bear up under abusive language that bears a message worth hearing, imho. Clearly the "[[Big Government]] bullying" is not an accurate portrayal of the event. The complaints against the British crown enumerated in the Declaration of Independence do indeed constitute a kind of bullying by a big government, but the term and context are anachronistic while the analogy is inexact. I am unhappily surprised at the hostility displayed to newcomers by those I assume to be established editors. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Are youi addressing User:Lj485's trolling or the substance of this article? The cites & sources I just reviewed say Palin articulated Revere's ride accurately. Granted, the idiom "big government" is non-contemporaneous or not in vogue parlance of that era, but CP s an educational resource for the youth of today and that language or narrative is quite effective. I don't see why it cannot be used without giving credit to Palin for her clarification of the facts in this instance. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:58, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::I was saying that despite his nastiness, User:Lj485 offered worthwhile criticism on the substance of the article as it stood at the time. It was not trustworthy information.
::::I appreciate your civility with me, but since you believe Palin clarified the facts and I think she muddied them, we'd best not continue the conversation. (What I think is that she made a mistake and then, grasping onto technicalities, refused to admit it. Btw, I live in Alaska and voted for her for governor. Her parents have eaten at my table because of a fishing connection with my husband. Imo she was a good governor until she quit to become a celebrity. She does not seem equipped to govern on the national level, but could do some good in her present role.) [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 23:26, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

==Reversion==
Is there a reason this mateial was reverted:
*''weapons, and that they would exercise their natural right to keep and bear arms to resist their [[Big Government]] bullying <ref>http://macsmind.com/wordpress/2011/06/03/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-reveres-ride/</ref><ref>http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/peter-roff/2011/06/06/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-revere</ref><ref>http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/The-Vote/2011/0606/Sarah-Palin-says-she-s-right-about-Paul-Revere.-Is-that-wrong</ref>. {{reflist}}

[[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:41, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:See my comment above. I'm happy to answer any further questions. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::Oh, I didn't quite understand that when viewing from the edit page. The CSM and USM&WR are reliable sources and I didn't intentionally delete them. However, I see nothing in the brief paragraph on Revere that draws from them. Please note that the CSM maintains, "She remains kind of wrong," and USN&WR offers an odd opinion at variance with a quote it highlights smack in the middle of the page: ". . .where he had stopped to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock of the impending attack. . ." The other reference is a blog I myself do not consider a reliable source. You may feel differently and wish to restore it. What confounds me is the effort demonstrated here to adjust the facts to fit Palin's story, which is obviously not spot-on. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:58, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::See my above comment on a non-contemporaneous phrase. "Big government" can be used without mentioning Palin's name in the mainspace. I don't see where this would be a problem, at all. It nails the historical issues quite effecively, irrespective of whatever an ideological persepective anyone is coming from, then, now, or in the future. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 23:05, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T02:58:24Z

Cristiana55: /* Reversion */ Fuller response re. deleted sources

<center>'''''Reminder: Please sign all comments. Thank you'''''</center>

Actually, Revere was captured early on. Other riders sent out the warning, but Revere had a name that was easy to rhyme. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 14:21, 17 April 2007 (EDT)

== need to cite source for recent edit ==

Can someone supply a citation or reference for the statement that Revere's intent was to warn the British?
[[User:RustyR|RustyR]] 13:02, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

It's been all over the news the past couple of days, and Palin did produce a historian who agreed with her. I'll see if I can find a good link on it.

I am having trouble understanding the need for the bottom part. Wikipedia already has the liberal version of events. Does Conservapedia need to cover the same ground?
=> Agreed. I just removed it. It was in the wrong section anyway, it clearly wasn't a reference.{{unsigned|Pharylon}}

Is it acceptable to have totally fabricated history on conservapedia, just because it differs from the "liberal version of the events"? Here is what Revere said *himself* about his ride:
"On Tuesday evening, the 18th, it was observed, that a number of Soldiers were marching towards the bottom of the Common. About 10 o'Clock, Dr. Warren Sent in great haste for me, and beged that I would imediately Set off for Lexington, where Messrs. Hancock & Adams were, and acquaint them of the Movement, and that it was thought they were the objets."

He set out to warn Hancock and Adams, not to affirm the 2nd amendment rights against BigGovernment. Don't we look like fools if we just make things up? {{unsigned|Jds}}

Is Paul Revere really the hill on which we want to tussle over political ideology? I reverted it back to the 2009 entry because it seems silly to sacrifice legitimate history in the name of politics. {{unsigned|Redsquareblack}}

No offense, but you sound like a conservative in name only to me. Sarah Palin did not "fabricate" history just because the liberal MSM said she did. Facts are facts, and there's an actual historian who agrees with Palin. {{unsigned|DanW}}

::I just learned two things about Conservapedia:
::*Anybody ''can'' join; I'd thought only scholars could.
::*It is utterly unscholarly. The Paul Revere article as it stood yesterday and this talk page convince me it is not scholarly, not reliable, not Christian. (Christians are honest.) I'm appalled. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:43, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Whoa! As it stands right now. Honest people don't rewrite history to fit a demagogue's faulty rhetoric. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:45, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::Okay, well you're entitled to your opinion, but we have no interest in your rants. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:49, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::::Does it matter to you if your article is truthful? [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:52, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::::Yes it does, but ranting like you're doing is not helping anything. Try this on Wikipedia and see what happens. Same will happen here if you continue to rant. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:55, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

They were resisting "Big Government bullying"?!?! Conservapedia - "The Trustworthy Encyclopedia". You've got to be f'ing kidding me. Enough said. {{unsigned|User:Lj485}}
:Please, vent your spleen, liver, hate and bigotry elsewhere. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:00, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::(Edit conflict) User:Lj485's comment is rude but true. It would be well to bear up under abusive language that bears a message worth hearing, imho. Clearly the "[[Big Government]] bullying" is not an accurate portrayal of the event. The complaints against the British crown enumerated in the Declaration of Independence do indeed constitute a kind of bullying by a big government, but the term and context are anachronistic while the analogy is inexact. I am unhappily surprised at the hostility displayed to newcomers by those I assume to be established editors. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

==Reversion==
Is there a reason this mateial was reverted:
*''weapons, and that they would exercise their natural right to keep and bear arms to resist their [[Big Government]] bullying <ref>http://macsmind.com/wordpress/2011/06/03/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-reveres-ride/</ref><ref>http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/peter-roff/2011/06/06/sarah-palin-was-right-about-paul-revere</ref><ref>http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/The-Vote/2011/0606/Sarah-Palin-says-she-s-right-about-Paul-Revere.-Is-that-wrong</ref>. {{reflist}}

[[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:41, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:See my comment above. I'm happy to answer any further questions. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:44, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::Oh, I didn't quite understand that when viewing from the edit page. The CSM and USM&WR are reliable sources and I didn't intentionally delete them. However, I see nothing in the brief paragraph on Revere that draws from them. Please note that the CSM maintains, "She remains kind of wrong," and USN&WR offers an odd opinion at variance with a quote it highlights smack in the middle of the page: ". . .where he had stopped to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock of the impending attack. . ." The other reference is a blog I myself do not consider a reliable source. You may feel differently and wish to restore it. What confounds me is the effort demonstrated here to adjust the facts to fit Palin's story, which is obviously not spot-on. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 22:58, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T02:44:44Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ The First Conservapedia Commandment: "Everything you post must be true and verifiable."

Paul Revere

2011-06-08T02:29:29Z

Cristiana55: Footnoting

[[Image:Paul Revere.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Paul Revere]]
'''Paul Revere''' (1734-1818) was a silversmith in colonial America who was very active in [[Boston]]-area revolutionary groups such as the [[Sons of Liberty]]. He is famous for riding from Boston to Lexington, [[Massachusetts]] with [[William Dawes]] on the night of April 18, 1775 to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock that [[British]] troops were coming to arrest them. Revere was captured before he could reach [[Concord]], but managed to escape.<ref>[http://www.paulreverehouse.org/ride/real.html]</ref><ref>[http://www.patriotresource.com/amerrev/events/revere/page2.html]</ref> His midnight ride was immortalized by a poem by [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]].<ref>[http://www.hwlongfellow.org/works_paul_reveres_ride.shtml]</ref><ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/42/789.html]</ref>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:American Revolution]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Revere, Paul}}

User talk:Cristiana55

2011-06-08T01:10:43Z

Cristiana55: r

You're entitled to your opinion, but we have no interest in your rants. If you see something truly inaccurate, then FIX IT, don't rant about it. I have not blocked you because you're welcome to stay if you're willing to behave, but please refrain from future nonconstructive ranting. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:51, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:Done. Please excuse my sputtering. I was genuinely surprised, disappointed, aghast. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 21:10, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

Paul Revere

2011-06-08T01:07:25Z

Cristiana55: Undo revision 876723 by Joaquín Martínez (talk)

[[Image:Paul Revere.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Paul Revere]]
'''Paul Revere''' (1734-1818) was a silversmith in colonial America who was very active in [[Boston]]-area revolutionary groups such as the [[Sons of Liberty]]. He is famous for riding from Boston to Lexington, [[Massachusetts]] with [[William Dawes]] on the night of April 18, 1775 to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock that [[British]] troops were coming to arrest them. Revere was captured before he could reach [[Concord]], but managed to escape. His midnight ride was immortalized by a poem by [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]].<ref>[http://darter.ocps.net/classroom/revolution/revere.htm Paul Revere]</ref>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:American Revolution]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Revere, Paul}}

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T00:52:37Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ Does truth/verifiability matter?

Actually, Revere was captured early on. Other riders sent out the warning, but Revere had a name that was easy to rhyme. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 14:21, 17 April 2007 (EDT)

== need to cite source for recent edit ==

Can someone supply a citation or reference for the statement that Revere's intent was to warn the British?
[[User:RustyR|RustyR]] 13:02, 6 June 2011 (EDT)

It's been all over the news the past couple of days, and Palin did produce a historian who agreed with her. I'll see if I can find a good link on it.

I am having trouble understanding the need for the bottom part. Wikipedia already has the liberal version of events. Does Conservapedia need to cover the same ground?
=> Agreed. I just removed it. It was in the wrong section anyway, it clearly wasn't a reference.

Is it acceptable to have totally fabricated history on conservapedia, just because it differs from the "liberal version of the events"? Here is what Revere said *himself* about his ride:
"On Tuesday evening, the 18th, it was observed, that a number of Soldiers were marching towards the bottom of the Common. About 10 o'Clock, Dr. Warren Sent in great haste for me, and beged that I would imediately Set off for Lexington, where Messrs. Hancock & Adams were, and acquaint them of the Movement, and that it was thought they were the objets."

He set out to warn Hancock and Adams, not to affirm the 2nd amendment rights against BigGovernment. Don't we look like fools if we just make things up?

Is Paul Revere really the hill on which we want to tussle over political ideology? I reverted it back to the 2009 entry because it seems silly to sacrifice legitimate history in the name of politics.

No offense, but you sound like a conservative in name only to me. Sarah Palin did not "fabricate" history just because the liberal MSM said she did. Facts are facts, and there's an actual historian who agrees with Palin.

::I just learned two things about Conservapedia:
::*Anybody ''can'' join; I'd thought only scholars could.
::*It is utterly unscholarly. The Paul Revere article as it stood yesterday and this talk page convince me it is not scholarly, not reliable, not Christian. (Christians are honest.) I'm appalled. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:43, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::Whoa! As it stands right now. Honest people don't rewrite history to fit a demagogue's faulty rhetoric. [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:45, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
::::Okay, well you're entitled to your opinion, but we have no interest in your rants. [[User:DMorris|DMorris]] 20:49, 7 June 2011 (EDT)
:::::Does it matter to you if your article is truthful? [[User:Cristiana55|Cristiana55]] 20:52, 7 June 2011 (EDT)

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T00:45:48Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ Even worse than I thought

Talk:Paul Revere

2011-06-08T00:43:06Z

Cristiana55: /* need to cite source for recent edit */ Learning about Conservapedia