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Nancy Reagan

2022-10-21T02:07:59Z

Captpicard: Typo

[[Image:NReagan.jpg‎|right|thumb|350px|Nancy Reagan, 1983]]
'''Nancy "BJ queen" Reagan''' (July 6, 1921 – March 6, 2016) was the wife of the late former [[President of the United States of America|President of the United States]], [[Ronald Wilson Reagan]]. Not as [[conservative]] as her husband's supporters but staunchly loyal to him, she was the [[First Lady]] from 1981-1989. She was born Anne Frances Robbins, in [[New York City]]. Her parents (mother was actress Edith Luckett) separated before she was born, and they were [[divorce]]d. Before she was six, her mother married the politically [[conservative]] Dr. [[Loyal Davis]], a neurosurgeon. Dr. Davis adopted her, and she grew up in [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]. She received her formal education at Girls' Latin School and at [[Smith College]] in [[Massachusetts]], where she majored in theater.<ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/firstladies/nr40.html White House website.]</ref>

Soon after graduation she became a professional actress. She toured with a road company, then landed a role on Broadway in the hit musical Lute Song. More parts followed. One performance drew an offer from Hollywood. Billed as Nancy Davis, she performed in 11 films from 1949 to 1956. Her first screen role was in ''Shadow on the Wall''. Other releases included ''The Next Voice Your Hear'' and ''East Side, West Side''. In her last movie, ''Hellcats of the Navy'', she played opposite her husband, [[Ronald Reagan]]. <ref>[http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/reference/nrfilms.html Nancy Reagan Films]</ref>

She had met Ronald Reagan in 1951, when he was president of the [[Screen Actors Guild]] union. The following year they were married in a simple ceremony in [[Los Angeles]] in the Little Brown Church in the [[San Fernando Valley]]. Mrs. Reagan soon retired from making movies so she "could be the wife I wanted to be...A woman's real happiness and real fulfillment come from within the home with her husband and children," she says. President and Mrs. Reagan have a daughter, Patricia Ann, and a son, Ronald Prescott.

== First Lady of California ==

While her husband was Governor of California from 1967 to 1975, she worked with numerous charitable groups. She spent many hours visiting veterans, the elderly, and the emotionally and physically handicapped. These people continued to interest her as First Lady. She gave her support to the Foster Grandparent Program, the subject of her 1982 book, ''To Love A Child''. Mrs. Reagan began visiting wounded [[Vietnam War|Vietnam veterans]] and became active in projects concerning POWs and servicemen missing in action. During the war, she wrote a syndicated column, donating her salary to the National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Action in Southeast Asia. <ref>[http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/reference/nrbio.html University of Texas, Archives]</ref>

While First Lady of California, Mrs. Reagan made regular visits to hospitals and homes for the elderly, as well as schools for physically and emotionally handicapped children. During one of these hospital visits in 1967, she observed participants in the Foster Grandparent Program, a program which brings together senior citizens and handicapped children, and she soon became its champion. Later, as First Lady of the United States, Mrs. Reagan continued to help expand the program on a national level and promote private funding in local communities.<ref>[http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/reference/nrbio.html University of Texas, Archives]</ref>

== First Lady of the United States ==

One of her more notable activities while in office was her "Just Say 'No'!" anti-drug program. Mrs. Reagan’s special project is fighting drug and alcohol abuse among youth. To spotlight the problem, she has traveled nearly 250,000 miles throughout the United States and several countries in conjunction with her campaign to fight substance abuse. She has appeared on television talk shows, taped public service announcements, written guest articles, and visited prevention programs and rehabilitation centers across the country to talk with young people and their parents.

In April 1985 Mrs. Reagan expanded her drug awareness campaign to an international level by inviting First Ladies from around the world to attend a two-day briefing in Washington, D.C., and Atlanta, Georgia, on the subject of youth drug abuse. During the 40th Anniversary of The [[United Nations]] in 1985, Mrs. Reagan hosted 30 First Ladies for a second international drug conference. She was also the first American First Lady to address the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly whose meeting she attended in October 1988. <ref>[http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/reference/nrbio.html Reagan Library/U of Texas archives]</ref>

She was criticized by a few for her ''apparent'' dabbling in [[astrology]].<ref>http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande03.html</ref> Despite these popular claims to the contrary, neither he nor his wife consulted astrologer [[Joan Quigley]] regarding policy decisions. Only the First Lady consulted this astrologer, and only to help allay her fears that her husband would be assassinated.

Mrs. Reagan shared her lifelong interest in the arts with the nation by using the Executive Mansion as a showcase for talented young performers on the [[PBS]] television series ''In Performance at the White House''. In her first year in the White House she directed a major and sorely needed renovation of the second- and third-floor quarters. <ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/first-ladies/nancyreagan Official White House Biography]</ref>

In each Annual Gallup Poll from 1981 to 1989, the American public voted Mrs. Reagan one of the ten most admired women in the world, and in 1981, 1985, and 1987, voted her number one. Every year since 1981, she has been named one of the ten most admired women in the world by readers of Good Housekeeping magazine, and in 1984, 1985, and 1986 she ranked number one in that poll. <ref>[http://www.gallup.org Gallup Most Admired list]</ref>

== Retirement ==

After her husband retired from the Presidency and was diagnosed with [[Alzheimer's disease]], she became an advocate for [[stem cell research]].<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3700015.stm</ref>

While living in retirement in [[California]], she continued to work on her campaign to teach children to "just say no" to drugs. In her book ''My Turn'', published in 1989, she gives her own account of her life in the [[White House]]. Through the joys and sorrows of those days, including the assassination attempt on her husband, Nancy Reagan held fast to her belief in love, honesty, and selflessness:

{{Cquote|<big><center>'''The ideals have endured because they are right and are no less right today than yesterday.'''</center></big>}}

== Short Facts ==

*One of her mother's biggest films was ''The Spirit of the Poppy'', a 1914 cautionary tale about the dangers of heroin. And Mrs. Reagan's primary "cause" as First Lady was anti-drug education.[http://www.nndb.com/people/870/000022804/]
*She married [[Ronald Reagan]] on March 5,1952, in [[Los Angeles]], [[California]]. The had two children, Patty and Ronald Jr.

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT: Reagan, Nancy}}
[[Category:Statesmen]]
[[Category:First Ladies]]
[[Category:Ronald Reagan]]

Greg Abbott

2022-10-21T02:06:31Z

Captpicard: Claridied

{{Officeholder
|name=Greg Abbott
|image=Greg Abbott.jpg
|party=[[Republican Party|Republican]]
|spouse=Cecilia PhaseCannon
|religion=sassy walking
|offices=
{{Officeholder/governor
|number=48th
|state=Texas
|terms=January 20, 2015 – present
|lieutenant=[[Dan Patrick]]
|preceded=[[Rick Perry]]
|succeeded=
|former=n
}}
{{Officeholder/attorneygeneral
|jurisdiction=Texas
|number=50th
|deputy=n
|governor=[[Rick Perry]]
|terms=December 2, 2002 – January 5, 2015
|preceded=[[John Cornyn]]
|succeeded=[[Ken "i like yogurt" Paxton]]
}}
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
|terms=1996–2001
|preceded=Jack Hightower
|succeeded=Xavier Rodriguez
}}
}}

'''Gregory "Dipstick" "Greg" Abbott''' (born November 13, 1957<ref name="Directory"/>) is the increasingly moderate [[Republican Party|Republican]] [[governor]] of [[Texas]], a position which he has held since January 2015. Previously, he was an associate justice of the Texas Supreme Court from 1995 to 2001 and the [[attorney general]] of his state from 2002 to 2015.

Formerly [[conservative]], Abbott is largely under the influence of billionaire, corporate lobbyist donors to his campaign, in a state that has no campaign contribution limits. The [[Koch brothers]] network, to whom Abbott has made presentations and from whom he has received large contributions, induced Abbott to push as a top priority the [[Convention of States]] resolution in 2017 and to shy away from meaningful socially conservative legislation during his tenure. In 2019, the Texas legislature did not enact any significant conservative bills, and instead, Governor Abbott pushed unsuccessfully for an increase in the sales tax and advocated for banning businesses from asking for the criminal histories of potential employees.<ref>Horowitz, Daniel (August 20, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/needs-leftists-gop-texas-gov-greg-abbott-endorses-radical-ban-box-pro-criminal-mandate-employers/ Who needs leftists? GOP Texas Gov. Greg Abbott endorses radical “ban the box” pro-criminal mandate on employers]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved August 20, 2019.</ref>

Abbott was a runaway winner for a third term in the Republican primary election held on March 1, 2022. With 1,270,401 votes (66.4 percent), Abbott turned back six opponents. The runners-up were two strong conservatives, former [[Florida]] [[U.S. Representative]] and former Texas state Republican chairman [[Allen West]], with 12.3 percent, and the well-financed former state Senator [[Don Huffines]] of [[Dallas]], who finished third with 12 percent of the primary ballots cast. In the general election on November 8, Abbott will face off against a determined bid by the Democrat former U.S. Representative [[Beto O'Rourke]] of [[El Paso]], who ran a strong but losing race in 2018 against Republican U.S. Senator [[Ted Cruz]]. Though he uses the [[Spanish]] nickname "Beto," O'Rourke is of [[Ireland|Irish]] descent.

Abbott ran 310,463 votes ahead of O'Rourke in their respective primaries. The total Republican gubernatorial turnout was 1,937,543 votes compared to the Democrats' 1,057,637, a difference of 879,906 votes in favor of the GOP. O'Rourke, meanwhile, polled 959,938 votes (91 percent) in his primary contest.

==Background==
Abbott was born in [[Wichita Falls]], Texas, on November 13, 1957, and was reared in Longview, Texas<ref name="Directory"/> before graduating high school in [[Duncanville, Texas]]. He earned an undergraduate degree in finance from UT-Austin and a law degree at [[Vanderbilt University]].<ref name="Directory"/>

Abbott served from 1993 to 1995 as a trial judge on the 129th District Court.<ref name="Directory"/> In 1995, Texas governor [[George W. Bush]] appointed him to the Texas Supreme Court, and Abbott would remain a member of the court until he resigned in 2001.<ref name="Directory"/>

==Attorney General==
Abbott was first elected Texas AG in 2002.<ref name="Directory"/> He had a mostly conservative record and is known for successfully arguing before the [[Supreme Court]] in ''[[Van Orden v. Perry]]''.<ref name="Directory"/> Abbott sued the federal government 27 times during his tenure as Attorney General, and he served in that position until he began his term as Texas governor in 2015.<ref name="Directory"/>

==Texas governor==
===2014 election===
[[File:Texas Governor Election Results by County, 2014.svg.png|thumb|200px|left|Abbott won the 2014 election in a landslide, along with numerous other conservative Republicans.]]
Abbott won the 2014 general election with over 59 percent of the vote,<ref name="Directory">[https://www.texastribune.org/directory/greg-abbott/ Governor Greg Abbott]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref><ref>Root, Jay (November 4, 2014). [https://www.texastribune.org/2014/11/04/abbott-crushes-wendy-davis-gop-sweep/ Abbott Crushes Davis in GOP Sweep]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved April 21, 2018.</ref><ref>Hoppe, Christy (November 5, 2014). [https://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-politics/2014/11/05/greg-abbott-tops-wendy-davis-in-texas-governor-s-race Greg Abbott tops Wendy Davis in Texas governor's race]. ''The Dallas Morning News''. Retrieved April 21, 2018.</ref> in an election that was a disaster for [[Democratic Party (USA)|Democrats]].<ref>Thorburn, Wayne (November 17, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/11/how-the-democrats-lost-texas-112956 How the Democrats Lost Texas]. ''Politico Magazine''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref><ref>Hamilton, Reeve (November 5, 2014). [https://www.texastribune.org/2014/11/05/little-show-battleground-texas-fights/ What Went Wrong With Battleground Texas?] ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved April 21, 2018.</ref> In the same election, the [[Tea Party Movement|Tea Party]] made large gains in the state.<ref name="Grissom">Grissom, Brandi (May 28, 2014). [https://www.texastribune.org/2014/05/28/tea-party-conservatives-win-top-gop-runoff-contest/ Tea Party Conservatives Win Top GOP Runoff Contests]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved October 1, 2015.</ref> Abbott's campaign was praised for its effectiveness.<ref>Carney, Dave (February 6, 2015). [https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/02/greg-abbott-texas-114972 How We Won Texas]. ''Politico Magazine''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref>

===2018 election===

In the Republican primary held on March 6, 2018, Abbott polled 1,392,294 votes (90.4 percent) over two minor intra-party rivals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://enrpages.sos.state.tx.us/public/mar06_325_state.htm?x=0&y=1394&id=142|title=Election Returns|date=March 6, 2018|publisher=Texas Secretary of State|accessdate=March 7, 2018}}</ref>

In the November 6 general election, Abbott defeated the [[liberal]] [[Lupe Valdez]], the former sheriff of Dallas County and an open lesbian, Abbott outpolled Valdez by nearly 956,000 votes in their respective party primaries.

===Gubernatorial tenure===
Abbott took office as govenor on January 20, 2015.<ref name="Echoes">Fernandez, Manny (January 20, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/21/us/politics/new-texas-governor-greg-abbott-expected-to-continue-on-perrys-path.html Texas’ New Governor Echoes the Plans of Perry]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref> Abbott called a special session in 2017, ordering the legislature to focus on conservative priorities.<ref>Price, Bob (June 6, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/06/texas-governor-calls-legislative-special-session-bathroom-bill-others/ Texas Governor Calls for Legislative Special Session for ‘Bathroom Bill’, Others]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.</ref> Despite Abbott's conservative views, some conservative commentators voiced their concerns that Texas bureaucrats were increasing Texas regulations and making it more like California.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/28/lennon-texas-bureaucrats-becoming-regulation-friendly-obama/ LENNON: Texas Bureaucrats Are Becoming More Regulation-friendly Than Obama]. ''Breitbart News''. June 28, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2017.</ref> However, the Trump Administration nominated several conservative judges who once were employees of Abbott,<ref>Platoff, Emma (April 3, 2018). [https://www.texastribune.org/2018/04/03/greg-abbott-andrew-oldham-fifth-circuit-judicial-appointees/ "A friendly vote on the court": How Greg Abbott's former employees could help Texas from the federal bench]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved May 17, 2018.</ref> and Abbott appointed several conservatives to the courts himself.<ref>Vertuno, Jim (March 7, 2019). [https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/texas/article/Texas-governor-fills-courts-with-GOP-judges-13670767.php Texas governor fills courts with GOP judges voters rejected]. ''Houston Chronicle'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved March 8, 2019.</ref>

====Abortion====
In late November 2016, Texas, under Abbott, approved new rules that would require aborted babies to receive a burial or cremation, proper for a real human being, rather than be disposed of in a sanitary landfill.<ref>Stack, Liam (November 30, 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/30/us/texas-burial-aborted-fetuses.html Texas Will Require Burial of Aborted Fetuses]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved December 1, 2016.</ref><ref>Perchick, Michael (December 1, 2016). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/12/01/new-texas-provisions-require-burial-cremation-aborted-fetuses/94721914/ New Texas provisions require burial or cremation of aborted fetuses]. ''USA Today'' (from ''KVUE-TV''). Retrieved December 1, 2016.</ref> Despite the common sense on protecting human life, a federal judge ruled against the law in late January 2017.<ref>Marissa Evans (January 27, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/01/27/fetal-remains-ruling/ Federal court blocks Texas fetal remains burial rule]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref>

In June 2017, Abbott signed a major [[pro-life]] bill into law banning dismemberment abortions, banning the sale of the body parts of aborted babies, and requiring the remains of the babies be either buried or cremated rather than disposed of in an inhumane manner.<ref>Multiple references:
*Price, Bob (June 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/07/texas-governor-inks-dismemberment-abortion-sale-body-parts-ban/ Texas Governor Inks Dismemberment Abortion, Sale of Body Parts Ban]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
*Mekelburg, Madlin (May 26, 2017). [https://www.dallasnews.com/news/texas-legislature/2017/05/26/sweeping-anti-abortion-bill-heads-gov-greg-abbotts-desk Sweeping anti-abortion bill heads to Gov. Greg Abbott's desk]. ''Dallas News''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
*Gryboski, Michael (June 7, 2017). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/texas-governor-signs-abortion-dismemberment-ban-law-186867/ Texas Governor Signs Abortion Dismemberment Ban Into Law]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
*Chretien, Claire (June 7, 2017). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/breaking-texas-governor-signs-law-banning-dismemberment-abortion Texas bans mutilating babies in abortion, selling their body parts]. ''LifeSite News''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
*Russell, Nicole (July 6, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/texas-law-recognizes-human-life-critics-rage/article/2627828 Texas law recognizes human life, critics rage]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 6, 2017.</ref>

In June 2019, Abbott signed a bill into law banning local governments from funding abortion providers.<ref>Berry, Susan (June 11, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/11/texas-gov-greg-abbott-signs-bill-banning-funding-abortion-providers/ Texas Gov. Greg Abbott Signs Bill Banning Funding of Abortion Providers]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 11, 2019.</ref><ref>Freiburger, Calvin (June 11, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/texas-bill-bans-cities-from-doing-business-with-planned-parenthood Texas prohibits cities from doing business with abortion providers like Planned Parenthood]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved June 11, 2019.</ref> Shortly afterward, he signed a bill protecting babies who survive abortions.<ref>Clabough, Raven (June 18, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/faith-and-morals/item/32632-texas-gov-signs-bill-to-protect-babies-born-alive-during-abortions Texas Governor Signs Bill to Protect Babies Born Alive During Abortions]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 18, 2019. See also:
*Freiburger, Calvin (July 19, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/texas-gov-signs-bill-making-it-illegal-to-kill-a-child-who-survives-abortion Texas gov. signs bill making it illegal to kill babies who survive abortion]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
*Ertelt, Steven (July 18, 2019). [https://www.lifenews.com/2019/07/18/texas-gov-greg-abbott-signs-bill-to-stop-infanticide-care-for-babies-born-alive-after-abortion/ Texas Gov. Greg Abbott Signs Bill to Stop Infanticide, Care for Babies Born Alive After Abortion]. ''LifeNews''. Retrieved July 19, 2019.</ref>

Gov. Abbott failed to make the [[Heartbeat Bill]] a priority in 2019 and it did not pass in the Texas House of Representatives. Abbott's spokesman issued an ambiguous statement claiming that Abbott is [[pro-life]], yet not explaining why he allowed this bill to be blocked by Republicans.<ref>https://thetexan.news/texas-heartbeat-bill-on-life-support-stalled-in-the-house/</ref> In 2021, the legislature did pass the Hearbeat Act, which Abbott signed into law. The measure is being challenged before the [[United States Supreme Court]], which has permitted implementation of the law pending judicial review.

====Religious liberty====
On June 11, 2015, Abbott signed an act into law that gives pastors that right to refuse to "marry" homosexual couples if it violates their conscience.<ref>Crampton, Liz (June 11, 2015). [https://www.texastribune.org/2015/06/11/gov-abbott-signs-pastor-protection-act/ Abbott Signs "Pastor Protection Act" Into Law]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref>

On May 21, 2017, Abbott signed Senate Bill 24 into law, preventing state or local governments from subpoenaing pastors' sermons.<ref name="SvitekSubpoenas">{{cite web | last1=Svitek | first1=Patrick | title=Abbott Signs Bill Protecting Sermons from Subpoenas | url=https://www.texastribune.org/2017/05/21/abbott-signs-bill-protecting-sermons-subpoenas/ | date=May 21, 2017 | publisher=''The Texas Tribune'' | accessdate=May 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Abbott Signs Bill Preventing Government From Subpoenaing Sermons | url=http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2017/05/21/abbott-signs-bill-preventing-government-subpoenaing-sermons/ | date=May 21, 2017 | publisher=CBS DFW | accessdate=May 22, 2017}}</ref> This bill was inspired by an [[Homosexual Agenda|pro-homosexual]] "anti-discrimination" ordinance in [[Houston]], where five sermons were subpoenaed.<ref name="SvitekSubpoenas"/>

On June 15, 2017, Abbott signed H.B. 3859 into law, which gave adoption agencies to refuse to let homosexual couples adopt the children under their care due to religious reasons.<ref>Multiple references:
*Gryboski, Michael (June 16, 2017). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/texas-governor-greg-abbott-bill-protecting-faith-based-adoption-188222/ Texas Gov. Signs Bill Protecting Religious Freedom of Faith-Based Adoption Groups]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
*Evans, Marissa (June 15, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/06/15/abbott-signs-religious-protections-child-welfare-agencies/ Abbott OKs religious refusal of adoptions in Texas]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
*Gill, Joshua (June 16, 2017). [https://dailycaller.com/2017/06/16/religious-adoption-agencies-can-reject-lgbt-parents-in-texas/ Religious Adoption Agencies Can Reject LGBT Parents In Texas]. ''The Daily Caller''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
*LaBarbera, Peter (June 16, 2017). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/new-law-christian-adoption-agencies-wont-be-forced-to-give-kids-to-gay-coup New law: Christian adoption agencies won’t be forced to give kids to gay couples in Texas]. ''LifeSite News''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.</ref> This law caused [[California]], a left-wing Democrat state, to add Texas to its governmental travel ban list.<ref>Multiple references:
*Watkins, Matthew (June 22, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/06/22/citing-religious-refusal-adoption-rule-california-bans-state-travel-te/ Citing religious refusal of adoption rule, California bans state travel to Texas]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
*Price, Bob (June 22, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/22/california-attacks-texas-travel-ban-alleged-lgbt-discrimination/ California Attacks Texas with Travel Ban over Alleged LGBT Discrimination]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 26, 2017.</ref>

On June 11, 2019, Abbott signed a bill into law which protected private organizations from any type of punishment for actions they took because of their religious beliefs.<ref>Multiple references:
*Tennant, Michael (June 13, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/faith-and-morals/item/32581-texas-governor-signs-save-chick-fil-a-bill Texas Governor Signs “Save Chick-fil-A” Bill]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
*Bowden, John (June 11, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/448065-texas-governor-signs-save-chick-fil-a-bill Texas governor signs 'Save Chick-fil-A' bill]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
*Kaplan, Talia (June 11, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/food-drink/texas-governor-save-chick-fil-a-bill-law Texas governor signs controversial 'Save Chick-fil-A' bill into law]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
See also:
*Axelrod, Tal (July 19, 2019). [https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/453978-texas-governor-holds-ceremonial-signing-of-save-chick-fil-a Texas governor holds ceremonial signing of 'Save Chick-fil-A' bill]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
*Halaschak, Zachary (July 20, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/texas-governor-ceremoniously-signs-chick-fil-a-bill Texas governor ceremoniously signs 'Chick-fil-A bill']. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
*Berry, Susan (July 20, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/07/20/gov-greg-abbott-signs-chick-fil-a-bill-into-law-protect-religious-liberty/ Gov. Greg Abbott Signs Chick-fil-A Bill into Law to ‘Protect Religious Liberty’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 20, 2019.
*Freiburger, Calvin (July 23, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/texas-governor-signs-save-chick-fil-a-bill-protecting-religious-businesses-from-discrimination Texas governor signs ‘Save Chick-fil-A’ bill protecting religious businesses from discrimination]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
*Russell, Nicole (July 19, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/chick-fil-a-inspires-new-religious-liberty-law-in-texas Chick-fil-A inspires new religious liberty law in Texas]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 19, 2019.</ref>

====Gun rights====
On June 13, 2015, Abbott signed the campus carry (SB 11) and the [[open carry]] (HB 910) bills into law.<ref name="OpenAndCampus">{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.kvue.com/story/news/state/2015/06/12/gov-abbott-open-carry-campus-carry/71160338/ |title=Gov. Abbott signs open carry, campus carry into law |website=Kvue.com |date=2015-06-13 |accessdate=2016-01-02}}</ref> The campus carry law went into effect on August 1, 2015, and allows the licensed carrying of a concealed handgun on public college campuses, with private colleges being able to opt out.<ref name="OpenAndCampus"/><ref name="Open">{{cite web|url=http://www.texastribune.org/2015/06/13/abbott-signs-open-carry-bill/ |title=At Shooting Range, Abbott Signs "Open Carry" Bill |publisher=The Texas Tribune |date=2015-06-13 |accessdate=2016-01-02}}</ref> The open carry bill went into effect on January 1, 2016, and allows the licensed carrying of handguns openly in all locations that allow concealed carry.<ref name="OpenAndCampus"/><ref name="Open"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/01/us/-2016-01-01-texas-open-carry-gun-law.html|title=Texas Open Carry Gun Law|newspaper=''[[The New York Times]]''|accessdate=January 2, 2016}}</ref> Texas is the 45th state to have open carry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abc13.com/news/texas-becomes-45th-state-to-pass-open-carry-law/1143146/ |title=Texas becomes 45th state to pass open carry law |website=Abc13.com |date=2015-06-08 |accessdate=2016-01-02}}</ref> Later, in May 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law massively reducing handgun carry licence fees.<ref>Price, Bob (May 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/05/28/texas-governor-signs-law-reducing-handgun-carry-license-fees/ Texas Governor Signs Law Reducing Handgun Carry License Fees]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Samuels, Alex (May 26, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/05/26/texas-gov-greg-abbott-signs-measure-reduce-handgun-license-fee/ Texas governor jokes about shooting reporters after signing gun bill]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved May 28, 2017.</ref>

In 2018, Abbott caved to the gun control lobby by canceling shotgun giveaway for a contest after left-wing gun control activists criticized him for it.<ref>Folley, Aris (May 21, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/388646-texas-governor-cancels-plans-of-shotgun-giveaway-days-after-school Texas governor cancels shotgun giveaway days after school shooting]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved May 21, 2018.</ref>

On June 6, 2019, Abbott signed a bill into law removing the state cap on the number of armed teachers allowed in school districts.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (June 6, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/06/greg-abbott-signs-bill-allowing-more-armed-teachers-texas-schools/ Greg Abbott Signs Bill Allowing More Armed Teachers in Texas Schools]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref><ref>Barton, Regina (June 6, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/texas-governor-signs-bill-allowing-more-armed-teachers Texas governor signs bill allowing more armed teachers]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref> To the consternation of left-wingers, Abbott signed several other pro-gun bills in 2019.<ref>Multiple references:
*Pearce, Tim (August 8, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/texas-will-allow-guns-in-churches-schools-after-el-paso-shooter-targeted-low-security-walmart Texas will allow guns in churches, schools after El Paso shooter targeted 'low security' Walmart]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
*Vertuno, Jim (August 8, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/a69166e1f1074a0196deb70ef6e7f8b4 Texas relaxed gun laws after recent mass shootings]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
*Fernandez, Marisa (September 1, 2019). [https://www.axios.com/texas-gun-laws-loosening-mass-shooting-19989b8a-3ece-4ac7-9cc4-f8c75fc419a8.html New Texas laws loosening gun restrictions officially go into effect]. ''Axios''. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
*Wise, Justin (September 1, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/459549-looser-gun-restrictions-go-into-effect-in-texas-after-deadly-mass Looser gun restrictions go into effect in Texas after deadly mass shootings]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
*Hawkins, Awr (September 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/09/01/texas-firearm-laws-change-benefit-self-defense-gun-use/ Texas Firearm Laws Change to Benefit Self-Defense Gun Use]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
*Fung, Esther; Findell, Elizabeth (September 1, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/as-texas-deals-with-recent-violence-looser-gun-laws-in-state-take-effect-11567379542 As Texas Deals with Recent Violence, Looser Gun Laws in State Take Effect]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
*Bufkin, Ellie (September 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/new-texas-law-allows-residents-to-flee-emergency-with-legally-owned-guns New Texas law allows residents to flee emergency with legally owned guns]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
*Ozimek, Tom (September 3, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/texas-gun-laws-change-to-make-it-easier-to-carry-guns-for-self-defense_3066498.html Texas Gun Laws Change to Make it Easier to Carry Guns for Self-Defense]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved September 3, 2019.</ref>

However, Abbott signed a bill into law in 2019 that created a $1 million gun storage safety campaign that Second Amendment supporters opposed because of the high potential of the program being used to promote gun control.<ref>Chamberlain, Samuel (June 16, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/texas-governor-greg-abbott-budget-gun-storage-safety-nra-opposed Texas governor approves budget with gun storage safety effort opposed by NRA]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved June 16, 2019.</ref> Additionally, Abbott undermined the freedom to conduct firearm sales without government interference,<ref>Silber, Clarice; Weber, Paul J. (August 22, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/f0c1ce26cf104ba897ac205c9d5b91a1 Texas governor expresses concern about private gun sales]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved August 22, 2019.</ref> among some other actions.<ref>Wolverton, Joe (January 2, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/34498-texas-gov-abbott-calling-for-new-fusion-centers-to-end-armed-violence Texas Governor Calling for New Fusion Centers to End Armed Violence]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 2, 2020.</ref>

In the broader issue of self-defense, Abbott signed a bill into law legalizing brass knuckles for self-defense.<ref>Folley, Aris (August 14, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/457394-brass-knuckles-to-soon-be-legal-to-carry-in-texas-for-self-defense Texas set to end ban on brass knuckles]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved August 14, 2019.</ref>

====Illegal immigration and refugees====
Abbott signed the 2015 Texas state budget into law, which provided for a record amount of spending for border security and enforcement.<ref>Shadwick, Lana (June 10, 2015). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2015/06/10/texas-gov-signs-toughest-border-security-plan-of-any-state-and-seeks-fed-reimbursement/ Texas Gov. Signs Toughest Border Security Plan of Any State, and Seeks Fed Reimbursement]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref> Abbott vetoed almost $300 million in discretionary spending from the budget despite that.<ref>[http://gov.texas.gov/news/press-release/21105 Governor Abbott Signs State Budget Into Law]. ''Office of the Governor''. June 20, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2015/06/20/gov-abbott-cuts-300m-vetoes-bills-on-spousal-loopholes-prostitution/ Gov. Abbott Cuts $300M, Vetoes Bills On Spousal Loopholes, Prostitution]. ''CBS DFW''. June 20, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref> The Texas legislature did not pass a bill to end "[[Sanctuary City (Immigration)|sanctuary cities]]", so Abbott took matters into his own hands and established a plan to "strip state grant funding from county sheriff's" who do not enforce the law.<ref>Price, Bob (January 1, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/01/01/2015-texas-new-governor-attacks-sanctuary-cities-expands-border-security/ 2015: Texas’ New Governor Attacks Sanctuary Cities, Expands Border Security]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref>

In September 2016, Abbott withdrew Texas from a federal refugee resettlement program after the [[Barack Hussein Obama|Obama Administration]] rejected "specific security conditions" from the state.<ref>Price, Bob (September 30, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2016/09/30/texas-withdraws-federal-refugee-resettlement-program/ Texas Withdraws from Federal Refugee Resettlement Program]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 1, 2016.</ref>

On February 1, 2017, Abbott blocked funding to Travis County after its left-wing sheriff introduced illegal [[Sanctuary City (Immigration)|"sanctuary city"]] policies to the county.<ref>Svitek, Patrick (February 1, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/02/01/sanctuary-fight-abbott-cuts-funding-travis-county/ In "sanctuary" fight, Abbott cuts off funding to Travis County]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref><ref>Price, Bob (February 1, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/02/01/texas-governor-suspends-funding-sanctuary-county/ Texas Governor Cuts Cash for Sanctuary County]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref> On May 7, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law which would criminally charge city or county officials who refuse to cooperate with federal officials in enforcing immigration laws and which gives the police the right to choose to check the immigration status of individuals if they choose, effectively banning "sanctuary" cities.<ref>Carter, Brandon (May 7, 2017). [https://thehill.com/latino/332317-texas-governor-signs-law-banning-sanctuary-cities Texas governor signs law banning sanctuary cities]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved May 7, 2017.</ref><ref>Price, Bob (May 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/05/07/live-video-texas-governor-signs-toughest-sanctuary-city-law-usa/ Texas Governor Signs Toughest Sanctuary City Law in U.S.A.]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 7, 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/05/07/texas-governor-signs-bill-targeting-sanctuary-cities.html Texas governor signs bill targeting sanctuary cities]. ''Fox News''. May 7, 2017. Retrieved May 7, 2017.</ref> While a federal judge blocked portions of the law, the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the ruling.<ref>Price, Bob (September 25, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/09/25/texas-anti-sanctuary-city-law-can-enforced-appeals-court-rules/ Texas’ Anti-Sanctuary City Law Can Be Enforced, Appeals Court Rules]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 25, 2017.</ref> In March 2018, the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals again ruled in favor of the law.<ref>Multiple references:
*Dedaj, Paulina (March 13, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2018/03/13/us-appeals-court-upholds-texas-law-targeting-sanctuary-cities.html US appeals court upholds Texas law targeting sanctuary cities]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
*Price, Bob (March 13, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2018/03/13/texas-sanctuary-city-law-survives-fifth-circuit-appeal/ Texas Sanctuary City Law Survives Fifth Circuit Appeal]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
*Aguilar, Julián (March 13, 2018). [https://www.texastribune.org/2018/03/13/texas-immigration-sanctuary-cities-law-court/ Federal appeals court's ruling upholds most of Texas' "sanctuary cities" law]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved March 14, 2018.</ref>

In April 2018, Abbott pledged to send 250 [[National Guard]] troops to the U.S.–Mexico border in accordance with President [[Donald Trump]]'s order to send troops there,<ref>Multiple references:
*Zwirz, Elizabeth (April 6, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2018/04/06/arizona-governor-announces-plans-to-send-150-national-guard-members-to-border.html Arizona, Texas announce plans to send National Guard members to border]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
*[https://www.voanews.com/a/arizona-texas-prepare-send-guard-troops-united-states-mexico-border/4336285.html Arizona, Texas Sending National Guard to US-Mexico Border]. ''Voice of America''. April 6, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
*Price, Bob (April 7, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2018/04/07/250-texas-national-guard-members-heading-border/ 250 Texas National Guard Members Heading to Border]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 9, 2018.</ref> and he defended the actions.<ref>Key, Pam (April 9, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2018/04/09/tx-gov-abbott-mathematical-need-national-guard-secure-u-s-mexico-border/ TX Gov Abbott: ‘Mathematical Need’ for National Guard to Secure U.S.-Mexico Border]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 9, 2018.</ref> A few days later, Abbott increased the number of pledged troops to at least 1,000.<ref>Multiple references:
*Chamberlain, Samuel (April 9, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/04/09/texas-arizona-new-mexico-pledge-hundreds-national-guard-troops-for-us-mexico-border.html Texas, Arizona, New Mexico pledge hundreds of National Guard troops for US-Mexico border]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
*Sanchez, Luis (April 9, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/382370-arizona-hikes-number-of-national-guard-troops-its-sending-to-the-border Texas, Arizona hike number of troops heading to border]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/news/texas-to-send-up-to-1400-troops-to-u-s-mexico-border/ Texas to send up to 1,400 troops to U.S.-Mexico border]. ''Breitbart News'' (from ''UPI''). April 10, 2018. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
See also:
*Price, Bob (April 10, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2018/04/10/texas-national-guard-troops-will-armed-says-governor/ Texas National Guard Troops Will Be Armed, Says Governor]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 11, 2018.</ref>

On January 10, 2020, Abbott announced Texas would reject the importation of refugees in the state.<ref>Multiple references:
*Murphy, James (January 12, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/immigration/item/34598-texas-governor-state-will-refuse-new-refugees-in-accordance-with-trump-executive-order Texas Governor: State Will Refuse New Refugees in Accordance With Trump Executive Order]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
*Horowitz, Daniel (January 13, 2020). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/texas-gov-greg-abbott-chooses-taxpayers-truth-special-interests-virtue-signaling/ Texas Gov. Greg Abbott chooses his taxpayers and truth over special interests and virtue-signaling]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
*Binder, John (January 10, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/01/10/texas-governor-greg-abbott-first-in-u-s-to-halt-refugee-flow-into-his-state/ Texas Governor Greg Abbott First in U.S. to Halt Refugee Flow into His State]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
*Dinan, Stephen (January 10, 2020). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/jan/10/texas-becomes-first-state-to-reject-refugees-under/ Texas becomes first state to reject refugees under new Trump veto]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
*Pearce, Tim (January 10, 2020). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/gov-greg-abbott-says-texas-will-no-longer-accept-refugees Gov. Greg Abbott says Texas will no longer accept refugees]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
*Axelrod, Tal (January 10, 2020). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/477755-texas-governor-says-state-will-not-accept-new-refugees Texas governor says state will not accept new refugees]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
*Merchant, Nomaan (January 10, 2020). [https://apnews.com/7329dbc3dcbf32534689831455fa4246 Texas governor to reject new refugees, first under Trump]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
*Cuthbertson, Charlotte (January 12, 2020). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/texas-is-first-state-to-opt-out-of-accepting-refugees-in-2020_3201721.html Texas Is First State to Opt Out of Accepting Refugees in 2020]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 12, 2020.</ref>

====Israel====
Abbott signed three bills in 2017, one of which condemns the anti-[[Israel]] [[Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions]] movement and requires that every business that contracts for any Texas governmental unit not to boycott Israel,<ref>Hope, Merrill (May 2, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/05/02/texas-governor-signs-anti-bds-bill-law/ Texas Governor Signs Anti-BDS Bill into Law]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref> and the other two ban government contractors from doing business with [[Iran]], [[Sudan]], or "designated foreign terrorist organizations"; and expand anti-Iran restrictions.<ref>Hope, Merrill (June 9, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/09/texas-governor-israeli-pm-reaffirm-strong-ties-call/ Texas Governor, Israeli PM Reaffirm Strong Ties During Call]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 9, 2017.</ref>

====State and national sovereignty====
On June 14, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law prohibiting the use of any foreign law, including [[Sharia Law]], in Texas courts.<ref>Hope, Merrill (June 16, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/16/texas-enacts-anti-sharia-law/ Texas Enacts ‘Anti-Sharia’ Law]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 16, 2017.</ref>

====Voter fraud====
On June 2, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law reinstating and modifying Texas's voter ID law.<ref>Wilson, Reid (June 2, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/336093-texas-gov-signs-new-voter-id-plan Texas gov signs new voter ID plan]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved June 2, 2017. See also:
*Hope, Merrill (September 18, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2018/09/18/texas-declares-final-victory-in-voter-id-lawsuit/ Texas Declares ‘Final Victory’ in Voter ID Lawsuit]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</ref> Also in June 2017, Abbott vetoed a bill that would have allowed mail-in-ballot-only elections in some elections in rural counties because he thought the risk of [[voter fraud]] was too high for such a bill.<ref>Svitek, Patrick (June 15, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/06/15/gov-greg-abbott-vetoes-50-bills-passed-texas-legislature/ Abbott vetoes 50 bills passed by Legislature]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved June 25, 2017.</ref> On August 11, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law increasing the penalty for mail-in ballot fraud.<ref>Hope, Merrill (August 14, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/08/14/texas-inks-stiffer-penalties-mail-ballot-voter-fraud/ Texas Inks Stiffer Penalties for Mail Ballot Voter Fraud]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 27, 2018.</ref>

====Other issues====
A few days later, he signed a bill into law cracking down on sexual teacher-student relationships.<ref>Hope, Merrill (May 25, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/05/25/texas-governor-signs-law-crackdown-teacher-sex-misconduct/ Texas Governor Signs Law to Crackdown on Teacher Sex Misconduct]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 25, 2017.</ref> He also signed a bill into law expanding Texas's [[hate crime]] law to include crimes against police officers and judges.<ref>Price, Bob (June 17, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/17/texas-makes-killing-cops-hate-crime/ Texas Makes Attacking Cops a Hate Crime]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 17, 2017.</ref><ref>Blake, Andrew (May 25, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/25/texas-legislature-broadens-hate-crime-law-protect-/ Texas legislature broadens hate crime law to protect police officers, judges]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 25, 2017.</ref> On June 6, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law banning texting while driving in Texas.<ref>Platoff, Emma (June 6, 2017). [https://www.texastribune.org/2017/06/06/abbott-signs-texting-while-driving-ban/ Gov. Abbott signs statewide ban on texting while driving]. ''The Texas Tribune''. Retrieved June 7, 2017.</ref><ref>Hope, Merrill (June 8, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/08/texting-driving-ban-coming-texas/ Texting While Driving Ban Coming to Texas]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 8, 2017.</ref>

On June 9, 2017, Abbott signed a bill into law expanding Texas's ban on [[female genital mutilation]].<ref>Hope, Merrill (June 14, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/texas/2017/06/14/texas-expands-ban-female-genital-mutilation/ Texas Expands Ban on Female Genital Mutilation]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 15, 2017.</ref>

Polls in April 2018 showed Abbott "highly vulnerable" to the challenge of either of his two Democratic opponents, Lupe Valdez (the lesbian Dallas County Sheriff, who failed to pay her property taxes until late June 2018) or Andrew White (son of former Governor Mark White). Valdez and White competed in the May 22 runoff election for their party's nomination to contest Abbott's re-election bid; Valdez won. However, Abbott handily won re-election.

On June 1, 2019, Abbott signed a bill into law banning red light cameras.<ref>Multiple references:
*Price, Bob (June 2, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/border/2019/06/02/new-texas-law-bans-red-light-cameras-statewide/ New Texas Law Bans Red Light Cameras Statewide]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
*Fedschun, Travis (June 2, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/red-light-cameras-texas-governor-greg-abbott-new-law Red light cameras banned in Texas]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> He also signed a bill protecting free speech rights on college campuses.<ref>Multiple references:
*Marshall, Victoria (June 10, 2019). [https://townhall.com/tipsheet/victoriamarshall/2019/06/10/texas-governor-signs-law-protecting-free-speech-on-college-campuses-n2547867 Texas Governor Signs Law Protecting Free Speech on College Campuses]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
*Schow, Ashe (June 10, 2019). [https://www.dailywire.com/news/48229/texas-gov-greg-abbott-signs-bills-protecting-free-ashe-schow Texas Gov. Greg Abbott Signs Bills Protecting Free Speech, Allowing Beer Delivery, And Banning Red Light Cameras]. ''The Daily Wire''. Retrieved June 10, 2019.</ref>

On November 4, 2019, Abbott began clearing up homeless camps in the state capital of Austin.<ref>Multiple references:
*Givas, Nick (November 4, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/media/homeless-cleanup-austin-texas-greg-abbott As homeless camps continue to spring up in Austin, Gov. Abbott orders cleanup effort]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
*Findell, Elizabeth (November 5, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/texas-begins-clearing-homeless-from-austin-underpasses-11572993078 Texas Begins Clearing Homeless From Austin Underpasses]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
See also:
*Findell, Elizabeth (November 7, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/texas-governor-to-establish-campground-for-homeless-in-austin-11573153372 Texas Governor to Establish Campground for Homeless in Austin]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
*Daugherty, Owen (November 7, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/469541-texas-governor-says-state-will-open-shelter-for-homeless-outside-austin Texas governor says state will open shelter for homeless outside Austin after camps in the city cleaned up]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
*Weber, Paul J.; Silber, Clarice (November 7, 2019). [https://apnews.com/5764ea4721574bf3b4d346cd5486ab5f Texas governor opens homeless campsite amid feud with Austin]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
*Phillips, Morgan (November 7, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/texas-greg-abbott-homeless-campsite-austin-state-land Texas Gov. Abbott opens homeless campsite on state land in fight with Austin]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 8, 2019.</ref>

Abbott signed a pro-police pledge in late October 2020.<ref>Morris, Kyle (October 29, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/10/29/gop-texas-gov-greg-abbott-signs-back-the-blue-pledge/ GOP Texas Gov. Greg Abbott Signs Back-the-Blue Pledge]. ''[[Breitbart News Network]]''. Retrieved October 31, 2020.</ref>

In March 2021, Abbott accused free speech platform [[Gab]] of being an "[[anti-Semitic]] platform."<ref>https://twitter.com/GovAbbott/status/1369822393678594061</ref>

==Personal life==
Abbott is married to Cecilia Phalen Abbott, the first Latina first lady of Texas.<ref name="Echoes"/> He is the first Texas governor to use a wheelchair, having used it since being paralyzed in 1984, when an oak tree fell on him while he was jogging.<ref name="Echoes"/> The Abbotts have an adopted daughter.<ref name="Directory"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==External links==
*[https://ballotpedia.org/Greg_Abbott Profile] on Ballotpedia

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbott, Greg}}
[[Category:Attorneys]]
[[Category:Judges]]
[[Category:Texas Governors]]
[[Category:Republican Governors]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Pro Second Amendment]]
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[[Category:Catholic Politicians]]
[[Category:Republican Establishment]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]

Blasphemy

2022-10-21T02:02:52Z

Captpicard: Clarified

'''Blasphemy''' is a lot of fun! It's a statement or act that is offensive to [[God]] as if anyone cares. [[Judaism]] in the [[Old Testament]] imposes the following penalty for blasphemy:

<blockquote>Those who speak blasphemy "shall surely be put to death." ([[Leviticus]] 24:16)</blockquote>

A false accusation of blasphemy was the charge for which Jesus was ultimately [[crucifixion|crucified]]. Perhaps to avoid premature execution for blasphemy, Jesus typically spoke of Himself as "[[Son of Man|The Son, a human being]]" (mistranslated as the "[[Son of Man]]"), but [[Jew]]ish authorities, goaded by the [[Pharisee]]s, understood that Jesus was asserting that he was [[God]] and ultimately obtained the death penalty for blasphemy. They had trouble proving their case based on what Jesus actually said during His ministry.

The [[Gospel of Mark]] was the first to reject the traditional offense of blasphemy, both by denying its application to comments about [[God]] and also by emphasizing up-front that [[Jesus]] was the Son of God.
Later Mark also mentions blasphemy without imposing criminal punishment:

<blockquote>But whoever blasphemes against the [[Holy Spirit]] never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin. ([[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] 3:29)</blockquote> In context, this is considered to be attributing the works of God to [[Satan]]. The teachers of the law acknowledged that [[Jesus]] was curing people of evil spirits, but then accused [[Jesus]] of having the power to drive evil spirits out of people because He Himself was possessed by an evil spirit. (Mark 3:22) See [[Possession]].

== Modern society ==
The [[First Amendment]] protects speech, even blasphemy, in the [[United States]]. Many modern films and television programs espouse blasphemous behavior and society's [[liberal]]s and [[atheism|atheists]] often promote it as if it is fun and appropriate.

== Blasphemy Laws ==

See also: [[Blasphemy laws]]

Due to the Judeo-Christian heritage of America, many states had laws against blasphemy, some of which are still on the books today.<ref>[The General Laws of Massachusetts, http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/272-36.htm Chapter 272, Section 36].</ref><ref>Mich. Comp. Laws [http://law.onecle.com/michigan/750-michigan-penal-code/mcl-750-102.html Section 750.102]</ref><ref>Mich. Comp. Laws [http://law.onecle.com/michigan/750-michigan-penal-code/mcl-750-103.html Section 750.103]</ref>

In the [[United Kingdom]], blasphemy laws were abolished as part of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008.<ref>http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2008/ukpga_20080004_en_1</ref>

In many [[Islamic]] countries, blasphemy was and still is punishable by death.

==Bible==
[[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 12:22-32
{{Cquote|"Then there was brought to Him a demon-possessed man who was blind and dumb, and He healed him, so that the dumb man spoke and saw. 23And all the multitudes were amazed, and began to say, "This man cannot be the Son of David, can he?" 24But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, "This man casts out demons only by Beelzebub the ruler of the demons." 25And knowing their thoughts He said to them, "Any kingdom divided against itself is laid waste; and any city or house divided against itself shall not stand. 26"And if Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself; how then shall his kingdom stand? 27"And if I by Beelzebub cast out demons, by whom do your sons cast them out? Consequently they shall be your judges. 28"But if I cast out demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you. 29"Or how can anyone enter the strong man’s house and carry off his property, unless he first binds the strong man? And then he will plunder his house. 30"He who is not with Me is against Me; and he who does not gather with Me scatters. 31"Therefore I say to you, any sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven men, but blasphemy against the Spirit shall not be forgiven. 32"And whoever shall speak a word against the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven him; but whoever shall speak against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven him, either in this age, or in the age to come,"}}

==See also==
[[Burning at the stake, Biblical pretext for]]

==References==
<references/>

{{DivineComedy}}
{{Ten Commandments}}

[[Category:Sin]]

Michael T. Flynn

2022-10-21T02:00:49Z

Captpicard: Added

{{Officeholder
|name=Michael T. Flynn
|image=Michael Flynn.jpg
|party=[[Democrat]]
|spouse=
|religion=
|offices=
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=National Security Advisor
|terms=January 20 to February 13, 2017
|preceded=[[Susan Rice]]
|former=(y or n)
|succeeded=[[H.R. McMaster]]
}}
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency
|terms=July 24, 2012 – August 7, 2014
|preceded=Ronald Burgess
|former=(y or n)
|succeeded=David Shedd (Acting)
}}
|military=y
|allegiance=United States
|branch=United States Army
|serviceyears=1981–2014
|rank=Lieutenant General
|unit=Defense Intelligence Agency
• Joint Functional Component Command for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance
|commands=
|battles=Operation Urgent Fury Operation Uphold Democracy Operation Enduring Freedom Operation Iraqi Freedom
|awards=Defense Meritorious Service Medal
Defense Superior Service Medal (4)
Legion of Merit (2)
Bronze Star Medal (4)
Meritorious Service Medal (6)
Joint Service Commendation Medal
Army Commendation Medal (5)
}}
'''Michael "treason" Flynn''' (born December 1958) is a former U.S. Army General who served as the head of the U.S. [[Defense Intelligence Agency]], and was ousted by the [[Obama administration]] for his criticism of [[President Obama]]'s policy toward the [[Islamic State]].<ref>[https://www.newsmax.com/t/newsmax/article/737937?section=Newsfront&keywords=michael-flynn-isis-memoir&year=2016&month=07&date=10&id=737937&aliaspath=%2FManage%2FArticles%2FTemplate-Main&oref=www.google.com]</ref>

Flynn advised candidate [[Donald Trump]] throughout the [[2016 U.S. Presidential election]] on [[foreign policy]] matters. Flynn resigned from the position of [[National Security Advisor]] early in the [[Trump administration]] in a [[fake news]] scandal put out by the ''[[Washington Post]]'' using classified information gathered and [[leak]]ed illegally by the [[Obama administration]].<ref>[http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/02/14/krauthammer_we_can_not_have_intel_agencies_eavesdrop_on_americans_and_release_it_to_press.html]</ref><ref>[https://www.nationalreview.com/article/445045/general-michael-flynn-national-security-adviser-fbi-investigation-phone-call-russian-ambassador]</ref><ref>https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/3093</ref> Flynn was fully pardoned in late 2020 by the president of the false allegations of wrongdoing.

After witnessing the corruption of the [[Deep State]], Flynn wanted to reform the [[intelligence community]] and was fired, targeted, and smeared. His association with Donald Trump became known the Trump-Russia collusion scandal.

==Opposed Obama covert aid to the Islamic State==
On March 31, 2012 ''[[Reuters]]'' reported that "President Barack Obama has signed a secret order authorizing covert U.S. government support for rebel forces seeking to oust Libyan leader [[Muammar Gaddafi]]...Obama signed the order, known as a presidential "finding", within the last two or three weeks"<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-usa-order-idustre72t6h220110331</ref> Responsibility to carry out the aid is given to the Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]] at the State Department and Director [[John Brennan]] at the CIA; the Pentagon was kept out of the loop. Another ''Reuters'' article noted Obama had CIA personnel on the ground ''before'' signing the finding.<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-usa-rebels-idUSTRE72U7NM20110331</ref>

When U.S. built [[MANPADS|shoulder fired missiles]] turned up in [[Afghanistan]] and were used to kill American soldiers,<ref>https://nypost.com/2014/06/08/how-the-taliban-got-their-hands-on-modern-us-missiles/</ref> [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] director Michael Flynn found out about the Obama, Brennan, and Clinton run covert operation to arm [[jihad]]is. Flynn issued a report on August 12, 2012 that circulated widely throughout the [[intelligence community]] exposing the covert operation and its aims. Copies went to the [[CIA]], [[FBI]], [[State Department]], [[Homeland Security]], [[CENTCOM]], the National Geospacial Agency and other IC members. The report documented that Western powers, [[NATO]] powers, along with members of the Gulf Cooperation Council ([[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]], [[Oman]], [[Qatar]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[United Arab Emirates]]) and [[Turkey]], wanted the creation of an [[Islamic State]] ("Salafist principality in Eastern Syria") to oppose the [[Syria]]n regime of [[Bashar al-Assad]] and [[Iranian]] influence in the region.
[[File:Mass beheading of Christians in Libya.jpg|left|350px|thumb|Christians were brutally slaughtered ''en masse'' by "moderate rebels" whom Obama had given aid to. Flynn was fired for opposing Obama administration policy, and later targeted to be silenced and destroyed by Obama intelligence community holdovers because he knew too much and wanted to reverse [[Obama administration]] policy.]]
{{Quotebox-float|THE WEST, GULF COUNTRIES, AND TURKEY [WHICH] SUPPORT THE [SYRIAN] OPPOSITION… THERE IS THE POSSIBILITY OF ESTABLISHING A '''DECLARED OR UNDECLARED [[Salafi|SALAFIST]] PRINCIPALITY IN EASTERN SYRIA''' (HASAKA AND DER ZOR), AND THIS IS '''EXACTLY WHAT THE SUPPORTING POWERS TO THE OPPOSITION WANT''', IN ORDER TO ISOLATE THE SYRIAN REGIME…<ref>[http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article41943.htm 2012 Defense Intelligence Agency Document: West Will Facilitate Rise of Islamic State “in Order to Isolate the Syrian Regime”]</ref>}}
Flynn had been Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency for about three weeks. Flynn opposed the Western alliance giving aid for the creation of the Islamic State. Flynn persisted in his criticism of Obama policy, and shortly after [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]] declared the re-establishment of the [[Caliphate]] in [[Mosul]] in June 2014, Flynn was fired.

Flynn moved on to be the chief adviser on [[national security]] for the Trump campaign. Flynn's knowledge as DIA director of the factual backstory to the [[Benghazi massacre]], the arming of ISIS,<ref>https://thehill.com/policy/defense/364917-study-shows-us-weapons-given-to-syrian-rebels-ended-up-in-isiss-hands</ref> and how the Obama/Clinton team misled the public was a risk to [[John Brennan]] and the [[intelligence community]].<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2018/12/29/why-flynn-a-confluence-of-highly-charged-political-events/</ref> Trump and Flynn were determined to end Obama's support for the Islamic State, which was on a pogrom against [[Christian]]s, [[Shia]], and other "infidels." Obama and [[John Brennan]]'s support for the Islamic State only exacerbated relations with Russia and led to a Russian military presence in Syria - its first foreign engagement since 1989.

During the [[Trump transition]] an unofficial [[social media]] mouthpiece for the Intelligence Community (IC), John Schindler, sent this ominous threat to President-elect Trump:<ref>https://storify.com/DemFromCT/john-schindler-with-a-look-at-donald-trump-s-war-w</ref>
{{Quotebox-float|The IC dislikes you intensely and they hate Flynn. The spooks have much more on you than they had on Hillary. This is a #YUGE mistake. /7 5:53 AM - 10 Dec 2016}}

==The Field of Fight==
In 2016, Flynn co-authored ''The Field of Fight'', which contends that all major [[Islamism|Islamist]] groups (al-Qaeda, Hamas, Hezbollah, ISIS, the Muslim Brotherhood, the Taliban etc.) are part of a global network led by Iran, and that this global network has additional state allies such as China, Cuba, North Korea, Russia, and Venezuela. <ref>Flynn Flynn, Lieutenant General (Ret.) Michael T.; Ledeen, Michael. The Field of Fight. St. Martin's Publishing Group. Kindle Edition. '''See all pages.'''</ref>The book is filled to the brim with various neocon arguments regarding those groups/countries, although Flynn would later disavow some of those arguments.

==Spygate==
Flynn's opposition of covert aid to the barbaric Islamic State earned him the undying hatred of [[limousine liberal]]s in the Obama administration and intelligence community. Flynn knew too much and had to silenced, disgraced, and taken out. Flynn was an early target of the Obamagate scandals when President Obama approved using anti-terrorism surveillance tactics against Republican opponents which violated [[4th Amendment]] safeguards and American citizens civil rights. In fact, Flynn was likely the target before Donald Trump was,<ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/spygate-revelations-from-unsealed-flynn-docs-flynn-exonerated-lee-smith_3336158.html</ref> in an effort to prevent Flynn from speaking about his experiences inside the Obama administration while the Obama-funded Islamic State went on a murderous rampage of beheadings.

Flynn was honest with FBI agents. The FBI knew he did not lie and briefed those facts to Andy McCabe and others three different times. At McCabe’s directions, Agent Peter Strzok and McCabe’s “Special Counsel” Lisa Page, altered the 302 interview notes to create statements prosecutor [[Andrew Weissmann]], [[Robert Mueller]], Brandon Van Grack, and [[Zainab Ahmad]] could assert were false. Only the FBI agents lied—and falsified documents.<ref>https://sidneypowell.com/media/open-memorandum-to-barack-obama/</ref>

Contrary to false information put out by [[Barack Obama]], General Flynn wasn’t charged with [[perjury]], he wasn’t guilty of anything, but he was ruined and threatened with imprisonment because of his dissent from Obama’s and [[Hillary Clinton]]’s mismanagement of the terrorist threat.

===Trip to Moscow===
Before Flynn made a trip to [[Moscow]] in December 2015 he alerted his former employer, the DIA. He then attended a “defensive” or “protective” briefing before he ever sat alongside Russian President Vladimir Putin at the ''Russia Today'' (RT) dinner, or before he talked with then-Russian Ambassador [[Sergey Kislyak]]. The briefing educated and sensitized Flynn to possible efforts by his Russian host to compromise the former high-ranking defense official and prepared him for conversations in which he could potentially extract intelligence for U.S. agencies such as the DIA. When Flynn returned from Moscow, he spent time briefing intelligence officials on what he learned during the Moscow contacts. Between two and nine intelligence officials attended the various meetings with Flynn about the RT event, and the information was moderately useful, about what one would expect from a public event.<ref>https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/423558-exculpatory-russia-evidence-about-mike-flynn-that-us-intel-kept-secret#.XC0yisc_S_4.twitter</ref>

[[Joseph Mifsud]], an "Outside Continental United States (OCONUS) FBI [[counterintelligence]] lure," or spy, also attended the event.

===Lobbying for a NATO ally===
President Obama had been protecting [[Fethullah Gulen]], a Saudi/Emirati-backed<ref>https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2017/6/3/abu-dhabi-links-with-israel-exposed-in-leaked-emails</ref><ref>https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/2017/06/13/uae-allegedly-funneled-3b-to-topple-erdogan-turkish-government</ref><ref>https://news.sol.org.tr/uae-ambassadors-hacked-emails-show-alleged-role-turkey-coup-172356</ref> [[Islamic]] mullah whom the NATO-allied government of [[Turkey]] cited as behind a July 2016 [[coup]] attempt to overthrow the government of a NATO ally. Obama refused requests for Gulen's extradition. Gulen and associates of his organization are [[Clinton Foundation]] donors.

After the [[2016 presidential election]], ''The Hill'' published an op-ed outlining all the facts of the Saudi, Emirati, [[Obama administration]], and [[Clinton Foundation]]'s efforts to overthrow the government of a NATO ally and install a rival Islamic fundamentalist sect in power. The op-ed was written by allies of the Turkish government and signed by Flynn, for which Flynn had been paid. This was considered "unregistered lobbying" by [[Sally Yates]] of the [[Justice Department]] and [[James Comey]] and [[Andrew McCabe]] of the [[FBI]].

[[Peter Strzok]] of the FBI was dispatched to interview Flynn. At first Flynn claimed he had written the op-ed himself, and later admitted he received help. For this, Special Counsel [[Robert Mueller]] charged Flynn with unregistered lobbying and lying to the FBI.

[[Fake news]] accounts and illegal [[leak]]s from the Obama administration and [[Mueller office]] attempted to frame the charges as Flynn engaging in unregistered lobbying for [[Russia]], when in fact Flynn was lobbying for a longtime NATO ally whom the Obama administration and [[Neoconservatism|neocons]] were seeking to undermine on behalf of the Gulf monarchies. The Mueller prosecution team was finally forced in a judicial hearing to admit that Flynn's actions were not "treasonous" and his unregistered lobbying ended well before he entered the [[White House]].

Flynn's name was unmasked by [[Susan Rice]], then illegally leaked to the ''Washington Post'', likely by FBI Dep. Dir. [[Andrew McCabe]].<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/mccabe-fbi-investigation-flynn-leak.jpg</ref>

===Obama illegal wiretaps and leaking===
[[File:C9Pak4-W0AIldKy (1).jpg|right|350px|thumb|Jake Sullivan<ref>
http://www.defenddemocracy.org/a-conversation-with-jake-sullivan-video/</ref> to Hillary Clinton: "Al Qaeda is on our side." During the [[2016 presidential campaign]], [[WikiLeaks]] exposed Obama, Brennan, and Hillary Clinton's covert support for the group that became the [[Islamic State]] and went on a horrendous spree of mass beheadings. Flynn was fired by Obama because he opposed the policy. Yates and Brennan wanted to keep him silent.]]
Flynn's call to Ambassador [[Sergei Kislyak]], the actual audio gathered and any transcript is called “Raw FISA-acquired information,” and its distribution would be highly restricted. At the [[NSA]], not more than 40 or so analysts or senior managers would be read into the classification sub-sub compartment that contains it,<ref>[http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/03/23/bob_woodward_if_obama_unmasked_trump_teams_names_it_would_be_a_gross_violation.html]</ref> called RAGTIME-A,B,C D or P, where each letter stands for one of five different categories of foreign intelligence.

Five days after Flynn's call to Kislyak Attn. Gen. [[Loretta Lynch]] signed off on new rules permitting the NSA to disseminate “raw signals intelligence information.”<ref>[https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3283349-Raw-12333-surveillance-sharing-guidelines.html PROCEDURES FOR THE AVAILABILITY OR DISSEMINATION OF RAW SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION BY THE NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY UNDER SECTION 2.3 OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 12333 (RAW SIGINT AVAILABILITY PROCEDURES). OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE. UNCLASSIFIED]</ref>
The ''[[New York Times]]'' reported,
:"In its final days, the [[Obama administration]] has expanded the power of the [[National Security Agency]] to share globally intercepted personal communications with the government’s 16 other intelligence agencies before applying privacy protections (minimumizations)."<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/12/us/politics/nsa-gets-more-latitude-to-share-intercepted-communications.html ]</ref>

The substance of Flynn's call was incorporated three days later into a CIA memo authorized by [[John Brennan]] intended to impugn and de-legitimize President-elect Donald Trump which was widely circulated under the new NSA rules.<ref>https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/ICA_2017_01.pdf</ref> The Brennan memo is loaded with [[Russophobic]] innuendo.<ref>[http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/46546.htm ]</ref>

===Entrapment===
The FBI opened a counterintelligence investigation into Flynn on August 16, 2016, “as part of the larger Crossfire Hurricane umbrella” investigation into the presidential campaign of Donald J. Trump and its possible coordination with Russian officials to interfere with the [[2016 presidential election]]. Code-named “Crossfire Razor,” the investigation’s stated “goal” was to determine whether Flynn “was directed and controlled by and/or coordinated activities with the Russian Federation in a manner which is a threat to the [[national security]] and/or possibly a violation of the [[Foreign Agents Registration Act]]."

In addition to the predication for opening [[Crossfire Hurricane]], which did not specifically identify Flynn, the FBI predicated the counterintelligence investigation of him on “an articulable factual basis” that consisted of three facts: Flynn’s service as a [[foreign policy]] advisor to the Trump campaign, his publicly documented connection to state-affiliated Russian entities, and the fact that he had traveled to Russia in December 2015. After approximately four months of investigation, however, the FBI “determined that Flynn was no longer a viable candidate as part of the larger Crossfire Hurricane umbrella case” and prepared to close the investigation. At some point prior to January 4, 2017, the FBI drafted a “Closing Communication” to effect the termination of the case. This document noted the specific “goal” and predication for the investigation. It laid out the numerous searches of holdings and investigative steps that had at each step yielded “no
derogatory information” on Flynn. It stated that the investigation had failed to produce “any information on which to predicate further investigative efforts.” And it noted that no interview of Flynn was required “as part of the case closing procedure,” before concluding: “The FBI is closing this investigation.” The document also stated: “If new information is identified or reported to the FBI regarding the
activities of CROSSFIRE RAZOR, the FBI will consider reopening the investigation if warranted.” The document had not been approved, however, as of January 4, 2017.

Before the intended case closing took effect, the FBI learned of communications between Flynn and Russian ambassador Sergey Kislyak that had taken place in late December 2016 and which touched on matters of foreign policy. By this time, Flynn had already been named by President-Elect Trump as his incoming [[National Security Advisor]].<ref>https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/michael-flynn-national-security-adviser-231591</ref>

The FBI had in their possession transcripts of the relevant calls. Believing that the counterintelligence investigation of Flynn was to be closed, FBI leadership (“the 7th Floor”) determined to continue its investigation of Flynn on the basis of these calls, and considered opening a new criminal investigation based solely on a potential violation of the Logan Act. Yet discussions with the Department of Justice resulted in the general view that the Logan Act would be difficult to prosecute. The FBI never opened an independent FBI criminal investigation.
[[File:Schindler Jan 12.png|right|350px|thumb|When David Ignatius speaks, the [[CIA]]'s lips are moving. Langley's 7th floor is a reference to CIA headquarters. "They are taking traitor Trump out now."]]
On January 4, 2017, FBI Deputy Assistant Director Peter Strzok learned that “RAZOR’s closure” had not been timely executed, and the counterintelligence investigation into Flynn was, unexpectedly, still formally open. Strzok immediately relayed the “serendipitously good” news to Lisa Page, the Special Counsel to FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, remarking that “our utter incompetence actually helps us.” Lisa Page reacted with surprise and relief. Strzok, moreover, instructed agents to “keep it open for now” at the behest of “the 7th Floor.” Strzok indicated that there was a “[n]eed to decide what to do with him.” Other internal FBI messages from that afternoon reflect apparently related
conversations about a potential “interview.” As of January 4, 2017, then, the FBI kept open its counterintelligence investigation into Flynn based solely on his calls with Kislyak—the only new information to arise since the FBI’s determination to close the case.

On January 12, 2017, [[David Ignatius]] of the ''[[Washington Post]]'' reported the December 29 communications between Flynn and the Russian ambassador.<ref>David Ignatius, ''Why Did Obama Dawdle on Russia’s Hacking'', Washington Post, Jan. 12, 2017.</ref> The next day, January 13, [[Sean Spicer]], the spokesperson for the [[Trump transition]], clarified that the communications had involved only logistics, which seemed to contradict the nature of the calls. President-Elect [[Mike Pence]] stated in a news interview that Flynn had suggested that his
conversation with Kislyak did not relate to sanctions.

Around this time, FBI Director James Comey advised DOJ leadership of its investigation into Flynn, and senior officials at both the FBI and DOJ had concerns that the incumbent White House officials’ descriptions of Flynn’s calls with Kislyak were not accurate. Comey took the position that the FBI would not notify the incoming Trump administration of the Flynn-Kislyak communications. Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates and other senior DOJ officials took the contrary view and believed that the incoming administration should be notified. Yates and [[Mary McCord (DOJ)]] became “frustrated” when Comey’s justifications for withholding the information from the Trump administration repeatedly “morphed,” vacillating from the potential compromise of a “counterintelligence” investigation to the protection of a purported “criminal” investigation.
Yates, Clapper, and Brennan all agreed that the FBI should notify the incoming Trump administration of what had actually been said on the calls. Comey continued to refuse to brief the White House in a subsequent conversation with Brennan. On January 23, 2017, then Acting Attorney General Yates met with senior DOJ officials, and they again discussed the need to press the FBI to notify the White House.

Matters came to a head on January 24, 2017. That morning, Yates contacted Comey to demand that the FBI notify the White House of the communications. Comey did not initially return her call. When Comey called her back later that day, he advised her that the FBI agents were already on their way to the White House to interview Flynn. Yates was “flabbergasted” and “dumbfounded,” and other senior DOJ officials “hit the roof” upon hearing of this development, given that “an interview of Flynn should have been coordinated with DOJ.”

In fact, in the preceding days, senior officials at the FBI had been engaged in discussions about how to approach Flynn and whom to notify. On January 21, 2017, Strzok proposed to [[Bill Priestap]], the FBI’s counterintelligence chief, that Flynn should be given a “defensive briefing” about an investigation under the Crossfire Hurricane umbrella or alternatively an “interview under light ‘defensive briefing’ pretext.” Strzok also noted that DOJ might “direct[] us” to inform “VPOTUS or anyone else,” speculating that this could lead to the “WH [White House] specifically direct[ing] us not to” speak with Flynn. On January 22, 2017, a FBI attorney emailed Strzok and Lisa Page that “if we usually tell the WH, then I think we should do what we normally do,” though the official also noted that they could be “told not to [] debrief or interview Razor.”

In advance of the interview, Comey determined that they would go interview Flynn the following day without notifying either DOJ or the White House. In a December 2018 interview with [[MSNBC]] and [[NBC News]] analyst Nicolle Wallace, Comey stated this course of action was “something we, I probably wouldn’t have done or gotten away with in a [] more organized administration.”<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xqGu66D6VU</ref> Messages between Strzok and Lisa Page on January 23, 2017, indicated that “Bill” [Priestap] had conducted “several conversations with Andy [McCabe]” because “he wanted to know why we had to go aggressively doing these things, openly.”

On the morning of January 24, 2017, follow-up messages between Strzok and Lisa Page indicated that “Bill … brought [it] up – again, this time in front of D[irector Comey]” and that Deputy Director McCabe was “frustrated” and “cut him off.”<ref>Priestap’s notes dated January 24, 2017 state, “What’s our goal? Truth/Admission or to get him to lie, so we can prosecute him or get him fired?” On the same paper, Priestap wrote, “If we’re seen as playing games, WH will be furious. Protect our institution by not playing games.” Ex. 10, FBI Handwritten Note, Jan. 23/24, 2017. Another note stated, “We regularly show subjects evidence, with the goal of getting them to admit their wrongdoing. I don’t see how getting someone to admit their wrongdoing is going easy on him.”</ref> In any event, that morning, Deputy Director McCabe called Flynn to arrange the interview. McCabe explained that recent media statements about Flynn's contacts with Kislyak merited a “sit down” and expressed the FBI’s desire to accomplish the interview “quickly, quietly and discretely as possible.” McCabe further advised that if Flynn wished to have anyone else at the meeting, including the White House Counsel, the FBI would have to elevate the issue to DOJ. Flynn, himself a former Director of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]], stated that he readily expected that the FBI already knew the contents of his conversations with the Russian ambassador, stating: “you listen to everything they say.” Flynn then agreed to meet with the interviewing agents in his office less than two hours later.
[[File:Pientka in Swat gear.PNG|right|200px|thumb|Joseph Pientka in SWAT gear.<ref>https://uncoverdc.com/2022/05/24/flynn-fisa-pientka-resurfaces/</ref>]]
Flynn was “unguarded” in the interview and “clearly” viewed the agents as “allies.” When interviewing Flynn, Strzok and Pientka “didn’t show him the transcripts” of his calls. Nor did the agents give, at any point, warnings that making false statements would be a crime.
According to Strzok and Pientka's recollections, when asked if Flynn recalled any conversation in which he encouraged Kislyak not to “escalate the situation” in its response to American sanctions, Flynn responded uncertainly, stating, “Not really. I don’t remember. It wasn’t, ‘Don’t do anything.’” Flynn also stated that although it was possible, he did not recall any conversation in which the ambassador stated that Russia
would moderate its response due to Flynn’s request. He stated that he did not have a long conversation with Mr. Kislyak to “don’t do something.”

Meanwhile, when asked if he recalled asking countries to take certain actions on the [[United Nations]] vote on [[Israel]]i settlements, Flynn explained that the conversations were “along the lines of where do you stand and what’s your position” and that “he did not believe his calls to the various countries would change anything.” He also stated that his calls did not involve any requests for how to vote, and answered “no” when asked if he discussed delaying or defeating the vote. The FBI form FD-302 interview notes, moreover, indicates that Flynn denied that Kislyak described any Russian request to his response.<ref>FBI Handwritten Notes of Michael Flynn Interview (January 24, 2017).</ref>

After the interview, Strzok and Pientka expressed uncertainty as to whether Flynn had lied. Strzok and Pientka reported to their leadership that Flynn exhibited a “very sure demeanor” and “did not give any indicators of deception.” Both of the agents “had the impression at the time that Flynn was not lying or did not think he was lying.” When Comey was asked, based on his evaluation of the case: “Do you believe that Mr. Flynn lied?” Comey responded: “I don’t know. I think there is an argument to be made he lied. It is a close one.”

On November 30, 2017, the Special Counsel’s Office filed a criminal information against Flynn charging him with a single count of making false statements in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1001(a)(2). Flynn pleaded guilty to that offense, but moved to withdraw that guilty plea on January 14, 2020. On January 29, 2020, Flynn also filed a “Motion to Dismiss Case for Egregious Government Misconduct and in the Interest of Justice,” and supplemented that motion on April 24 and 30, 2020 based on additional disclosures.

===The Lovinger case===
[[Adam Lovinger]] of the Pentagon's [[Office of Net Assessment (ONA)]] was invited by General Flynn to serve as a Senior Director on the White House Security Council, along with Ezra Cohen-Watnick. On the same day, [[James H. Baker (DOD)]] filed four separate charges against Lovinger.<ref>http://www.judicialwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Lovinger-v.-DOD-complaint-01914-2.pdf</ref>

Two days before the new administration was to be sworn in Lovinger received a letter from Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter citing “Lovinger’s exceptional performance on collaborative net assessment with the Government of India.” In that same review, James H. Baker (DOD) disagreed, noting, “I do not endorse the characterization set forth in the employee input (that) Adam performed successfully.” Baker ordered an investigation of Lovinger.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2017/11/30/exclusive-dod-inspector-general-opens-probe-into-alleged-retaliation-by-obama-holdover/</ref>

On May 1, 2017 Lovinger was notified that his Top-Secret, Sensitive Compartmented Information (TS-SCI) clearance had been suspended. Lovinger was the second Trump official to lose his security clearance. The loss of a security clearance is a significant matter as they are requirements for many senior positions. He was to return to the [[Pentagon]] immediately.<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/pentagon-pulls-top-secret-clearance-of-a-trump-white-house-aide-2017-5</ref>

In 2016 Lovinger had grown increasingly concerned over the ONA's use of outside contractors, due in part to the “problem of [[cronyism]]” and a growing “revolving door policy." Lovinger wrote an October 2016 email to ONA's new director, James H. Baker (DOD) who had recently been appointed by Obama's Defense Secretary. From Lovinger's October 2016 email: {{quotebox|“the moral hazard associated with the Washington Headquarters Services contracting with [[Stefan Halper]].”<ref>https://www.vetr.com/posts/5000196251-Pentagon-Whistleblower-Demoted-After-Exposing-Millions-Paid-To-FBI-Spy-Halper-Clinton</ref><ref>https://www.theepochtimes.com/search/?q=stefan+halper&sort=date_desc</ref> Halper "was being used by [[Net Assessment]] to go out essentially and engage with foreign government [ [[GCHQ]] ] officials. As a contractor that’s totally illegal.”<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2018/08/16/stefan-halper-pentagon-outrageous/</ref>}} Halper had been paid $1.06 million in contracts through five disbursements beginning in 2012.<ref>https://www.usaspending.gov/#/keyword_search/halper%252C%2520stefan</ref>

Lovinger was later exonerated. In that case, a DOD investigation found Lovinger did nothing wrong, yet a trial proceeded the following month anyway as the exculpatory ''Brady material'' was withheld. The findings of the DOD investigation in fact were altered by removing the word "not" where it said he "did not" leak information to the media.<ref>https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/14/investigation-clears-analyst-accused-of-leaking-da/</ref>

===Eric Ciaramella===
[[File:Ciaramella.png|right|150px|thumb|Deep State informant Eric Ciaramella, an alleged second-hand hearsay "whistleblower."]]
Two weeks into Trump presidency, NSC staffers [[Eric Ciaramella]] and [[Sean Misko]] (who later joined [[Adam Schiff]]'s congressional staff in 2019) openly discussed removing President Trump at a White House National Security Council meeting called by Flynn.<ref>https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/articles/2020/01/22/whistleblower_was_overheard_in_17_discussing_with_ally_how_to_remove_trump_121701.html</ref> Paul Sperry reported:
{{Quotebox-float|The “all hands” meeting, held about two weeks into the new administration, was attended by hundreds of NSC employees.

“They were popping off about how they were going to remove Trump from office. No joke,” said one ex-colleague, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive matters.

A military staffer detailed to the NSC, who was seated directly in front of Ciaramella and Misko during the meeting, confirmed hearing them talk about toppling Trump during their private conversation, which the source said lasted about one minute. The crowd was preparing to get up to leave the room at the time.

“After Flynn briefed [the staff] about what ‘America First’ foreign policy means, Ciaramella turned to Misko and commented, ‘We need to take him out,’ ” the staffer recalled. “And Misko replied, ‘Yeah, we need to do everything we can to take out the president.’ “

Added the military detailee, who spoke on condition of anonymity: “By ‘taking him out,’ they meant removing him from office by any means necessary. They were triggered by Trump’s and Flynn’s vision for the world. This was the first ‘all hands’ [staff meeting] where they got to see Trump’s national security team, and they were huffing and puffing throughout the briefing any time Flynn said something they didn’t like about ‘America First.’ ”

He said he also overheard Ciaramella telling Misko, referring to Trump, "We can’t let him enact this foreign policy."}}

===FBI evidence tampering===
:{{See also|Kevin Clinesmith}}
[[Muellergate]] prosecutors attempted to hide from the court the fact that Gen. Flynn's FBI interview reports (FD-302s) were tampered with. Flynn was first interviewed by FBI investigators [[Peter Strzok]] and [[Joe Pientka]] on January 24, 2019 who reported their impressions were that Flynn did not lie. Spygate conspirator [[Andrew McCabe]] intervened to alter the field investigators 302 interview reports. McCabe's special counsel [[Lisa Page]] texted her lover, Agent Peter Strzok, the go ahead to write up an official report on February 14, 2019. The interview report was filed on February 15, 2019. Typically an interview report is to be completed within 30 days.

After disgraced FBI director [[James Comey]] was fired and [[Robert Mueller]] appointed as Special Counsel on May 17, 2019 to hide Obama FBI wrongdoing in the [[2016 presidential election]], the interview reports were again altered on May 30, 2019 so as to hide the team effort in writing the original reports, the FBI's illegal 702 [[FISA abuse]] prior to the election, make the Flynn investigation appear part of the Mueller probe, and hoax federal [[Judge Emmet Sullivan]] at Flynn's sentencing hearing.<ref>https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2019/04/21/second-scope-memo-rosenstein-authorizes-mueller-to-target-michael-flynn-jr/</ref>

In August 2019 Flynn's attorney filed a motion to compel the production of the hidden evidence by the Mueller team, the exculpatory [[Brady material]]. Flynn finally erupted at prosecutors, his legal team accusing top Mueller officials of "malevolent" conduct and withholding evidence related to Strzok/Page/Ohr/Steele, etc.<ref>https://www.scribd.com/doc/423830982</ref> The motion read, {{quotebox|[[Andrew Weissmann|[Andrew] Weissmann]] and Ms. [[Zainab Ahmad|[Zainab] Ahmad]] while at DOJ in 2016-17 were working with [[Bruce Ohr]] (then the fourth highest ranking member of DOJ) to feed information from his wife [[Nellie Ohr|Nellie]] at [[FusionGPS]] and British citizen [[Christopher Steele]] to the FBI through his secret back-channel. This was happening after the FBI terminated Mr. Steele as a paid informant because he was keeping the press informed of his “findings.” FusionGPS, Steele, and Ms. Ohr were all working for the [[2016 Clinton campaign|Clinton campaign]]. In addition, Ms. Ohr worked for the [[CIA]]. The entire operation is further compromised by the fact that the second agent who interviewed Mr. Flynn along with former agent [[Peter Strzok|Strzok]], was Bruce Ohr’s contact with the FBI and conducted numerous debriefings of Mr. Ohr—passing along to the FBI the corrupted and false information from the Ohrs, Steele, and FusionGPS. That agent may also have joined [[Mueller office|Special Counsel’s team]]. Weissmann and Ahmad were not in the DOJ chain of command to be informed by Mr. Ohr at all. They had no legitimate reason to be privy to his operation with FusionGPS and Christopher Steele. Remarkably, despite this involvement, Mr. Weissmann and Ms. Ahmad then went directly to the Special Counsel team, along with Strzok and possibly the second agent, thereby calling into question the entire investigation with their illicit involvement with Ohr and Steele. Closing the circle, Ahmad was co-counsel with Van Grack in the prosecution of Mr. Flynn. It is imperative the defense obtain the Bruce Ohr 302s and notes—unredacted—and all evidence of this circuitous and illicit operation."<ref>https://www.scribd.com/doc/423830982</ref>}}

===Mueller Team prosecutorial misconduct===
Flynn's new attorney, [[Sidney Powell]], argued that Dep. AG [[Rod Rosenstein]] had allowed the Mueller team to threaten Flynn's son, Michael Flynn, Jr., with prosecution to coerce Flynn Sr. into a plea deal.<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2019/09/11/flynn-lawyer-rosenstein-mueller/ Chuck Ross: Rod Rosenstein Authorized Mueller To Investigate Flynn’s Son, Sidney Powell Says.]</ref> Flynn Sr. had spent nearly $5 million on his defense by then and Flynn Jr. had a four month old baby.

Judge Sullivan ordered that all exculpatory evidence (''Brady material'') be released or the [[Mueller Team]] show cause why they should not be held in [[contempt of court]].<ref>[https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/6401953/9-11-19-Flynn-Motion-to-Compel-Redacted.pdf ''US v Flynn''; Case no 17-232-EGS; unsealed Motion to Compel the Production of Brady Material and for an Order to Show Cause.]</ref> The evidence consisted of:
[[File:Mueller-team-2.jpg|right|35-px|thumb|The corrupt Mueller team personnel.]]
*The unredacted Page-Strzok text messages as well as text messages, emails and other electronic communications to, from, or between Andrew McCabe, James Comey, [[Rod Rosenstein]], [[Bruce Ohr]], [[Nellie Ohr]], [[John Carlin]], [[Aaron Rouse]], [[Carl Ghattas]], [[Andrew Weissmann]], [[Tashina Gauhar]], [[Michael Steinbach]], [redacted], and Zainab Ahmad, regarding Mr. Flynn or the FISA applications or any surveillance (legal or illegal) that would have reached Mr. Flynn's communications.<ref>[https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2020/03/08/doj-political-surveillance-from-the-irs-in-2011-to-the-fisa-court-in-2016/ DOJ Political Surveillance – From the IRS in 2011 to the FISA Court in 2016], Posted on March 8, 2020 by sundance. theconservativetreehouse.com</ref>
*Any Sally Yates 302s or other notes that concern Mr. Flynn, including treatment of her meetings with FBI Agents on January 24 and 25, 2017, her meetings with anyone in the White House, and the draft 302 of the Flynn interview on January 24 she reviewed or was read into.
*Information identifying reporters paid by [[Fusion GPS]] and/or the [[Daniel J. Jones|Penn Quarter]] group to push “Russia Collusion,” communications regarding any stories about Mr. Flynn, and any testimony or statements about how the reporters were used by the government regarding Mr. Flynn.
*Any information regarding the SCO's [Special Counsel Office] and DOJ's destruction of the cell phones of Peter Strzok and Lisa Page (after being advised of the thousands of text messages that evidenced their bias) that has been classified or otherwise not available to the public from the published Inspector General Report.
*Any information regarding eradication of cell phone data, texts, emails, or other information belonging to Peter Strzok and Lisa Page that created the “gap” identified by the IG.
*Information about any parts of any polygraph examinations failed by Peter Strzok after Mr. Flynn was first the subject of any FBI investigation—authorized or unauthorized.
*All FBI 302s, notes, memoranda of [[James Clapper]] regarding Mr. Flynn, and the cell phone and home phone records of Mr. Clapper and [[David Ignatius]] between December 5, 2016, and February 24, 2017.
*The government should be ordered to produce the documents listed in this motion and to preserve all documents including phones, texts, and emails of all Special Counsel team members; that the government be ordered to show cause why the prosecutors in this matter should not be held in contempt for their failures to produce all information pursuant to this Court's Standing Order of February 16, 2018; and that after hearing and full consideration of the facts and law, this Court find the prosecutors in contempt for their failure to respect and abide by this Court's order...
Attorney Powell's bigger plan was to expose the breadth and depth of [[SpyGate]] and how flaying Michael Flynn lay at the heart of the [[Deep State coup]] attempt.<ref>[https://thefederalist.com/2019/09/12/sidney-powells-latest-motion-michael-flynns-case-russiagate-bombshell/ Margot Cleveland: Sidney Powell’s Latest Motion In Michael Flynn’s Case Is A Russiagate Bombshell].</ref> Powell further requested
*“any information, including recordings or 302s, about Joseph Mifsud’s presence and involvement in engaging or reporting on Mr. Flynn and Mifsud’s presence at the ''Russia Today'' dinner in Moscow on December 17, 2015.”
*“All payments, notes, memos, correspondence, and instructions by and between the FBI, CIA, or DOD with [[Stefan Halper]]—going back as far as 2014—regarding Michael Flynn, Svetlana Lokhova,<ref>Halper attempted to smear Gen. Flynn as consorting with a Russian agent in February 2014 when Flynn was Obama's DIA director. Lokhova, a dual Russian and British citizen, said “What Halper staged is a textbook ‘black-op’ to dirty up the reputation of a political opponent. He needed an innocuous social event to place Flynn in a room with a woman who was ethnically Russian. I was unlucky he picked me." https://dailycaller.com/2019/04/04/cambridge-halper-flynn-spygate/</ref> Mr. [[Richard Dearlove]] (of [[MI6]]), and Professor Christopher Andrew (connected with [[MI5]]) and Halper’s compensation through the DOD [[Office of Net Assessment]] as evidenced by the whistleblower complaint of [[Adam Lovinger]], addressed in our brief.”

===Judge Sullivan===
Despite the overwhelming evidence that Flynn did not lie to agents, the FBI had no legal basis to interview him, that the FBI later hid exculpatory documents from Flynn’s defense team, Flynn did not discuss financial sanctions during his phone calls with Kislyak, and the FBI agents who interviewed Flynn did not believe he lied, federal trial Judge Emmet G. Sullivan refused to dismiss the case against Flynn.

Instead, Sullivan personally appointed a [[left-wing]] shadow [[prosecutor]], whose partners represent former DOJ official [[Sally Yates]], to smear Flynn and attempt to continue the baseless criminal case against him. At one point last April 2020, Sullivan even tried to order the DOJ to stop producing and publicly filing exculpatory evidence for Flynn or evidence of FBI misbehavior during its investigation of Flynn.

Sullivan, who called Flynn a traitor during court proceedings and suggested that Flynn — a decorated Army combat veteran — be charged with treason, refused to recuse himself from the case despite his obvious personal animosity toward Flynn.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2020/09/24/trump-was-right-explosive-new-fbi-texts-detail-internal-furor-over-handling-of-crossfire-hurricane-investigation/</ref>

===I am not done===

:{{See also|2020 Antifa riots}}
While awaiting sentencing the socialist led violent [[Leftwing insurrection]] engulfed American cities in flames. Gen. Flynn wrote to a friend:
[[File:Flynn letter.jpeg|right|35-px|thumb|]]
{{quotebox-float|If the United States wants to survive the onslaught of socialism, if we are to continue to enjoy self-government. To secure the God-given individual blessings of liberty to ourselves, to our families, then good Americans must accept that each has a [[moral]] obligation to participate in the political life of our country. 

The art and exercise of self governance requires active participation. Voting matters but it is only a part-time engagement of the American citizenry and doesn't go far enough if we are to survive as a constitutional republic. I want to see more of our Veteran in Law Enforcement communities become involved in the political life of America. We are a participatory experiment in governing. Without a greater commitment, we will continue our slide into the abyss of [[socialism]]. 

And we must not be intimidated by the smear campaigns that will most certainly come with greater and more active participation. We will only keep America if we dedicate ourselves to freedom's victory over the [[socialist]] monster by our good citizen's accepting greater responsibility. 

I am not done.<ref>https://saraacarter.com/letter-from-lt-gen-michael-t-flynn-i-am-not-done/</ref>}}

==Statement on Biden Afghan disaster==
:{{See also|Rape of Afghanistan}}
In a message sent to Tracy Beanz and UncoverDC and posted on Telegram, Gen. Flynn stated the following about the [[War in Afghanistan]], with an added message to Americans at the end:
{{quotebox-float|“Regarding [[Afghanistan]] and beyond; I believe we have passed the point of salvation for our senior military leaders and politicians. We have allowed military and civilian lawyers (read rules of engagement restrictions) to become all powerful and our Generals (indecisive and risk-averse) to become nothing more than career-seeking politicians.”

“Those are 2 big reasons we have continued to fight and lose wars (we are trained at participating in wars and untrained at winning wars since [[WWII]]). AFG is a sad situation, as were the [[Kurd]]s in [[Iraq]], but at least Trump pushed our respect internationally (being tough and smart is better than being tough and stupid).”

“Today, I don’t believe [[America]] is respected the way we were only a few short months ago. More countries visit [[China]] these days than come to the U.S. and China is prepped to recognize the [[Taliban]] once they declare the Islamic State simply to embarrass us. My sense is [[Taiwan]] is having some incredibly uncomfortable internal discussions (American apathy is likely starting to sink in)—as are a lot of U.S. allies in [[Europe]]. I also believe China is doing a lot of wargaming of costs and benefits currently with respect to the [[South China Sea|south China sea]] and Europe.”

“We are now in a fully engaged [[information war]]. Soon it may be worse—I pray our senior military leadership is intensely planning all options—the best plan offers the most options at the last possible moment.”

“So now we wait. Trust me, our enemies are not waiting. They plan and they don’t care about stupid mask policies or [[Pelosi Panel|fake insurrection BS]]. Our enemies will be working on the next three vulnerabilities we haven’t even thought about. I believe [[Russia]] and China are clear-eyed on our corrupt political leadership that they and many other nations no longer respect nor fear.”

“America will come back and soon, but it will come at a cost. If the [[bureaucracy]] in [[Washington D.C.]] (esp., [[DOD]], [[State Department|State]] and the [[IC]]) want to keep acting like [[utopia]]n [[ideology|ideologue]]s, we will lose; if you find your courage, we will win.”

“I say step up, stand up and straighten up your backbones, demand far better from your leaders and let’s start winning again.” Gen. Mike Flynn<ref>https://uncoverdc.com/2021/08/16/bidens-disastrous-exit-from-afghanistan/</ref>}}

==See also==
*[[Spygate]]
*[[Steve Bannon]]
*[[Kellyanne Conway]]
*[[Jared Kushner]]
*[[Mueller show trials]]
*[[Jessie Liu]]
*[[Sarah Bloom]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[https://mikeflynndefensefund.org Mike Flynn Legal Defense Fund]
*[https://www.scribd.com/doc/431958739 Flynn Brady Material 2 Timeline], filed October 24, 2019.
*[https://www.scribd.com/document/431958735/Flynn-Filing-October-24th-Brady-Material-5-Page-and-Strzok-302-Edits Fake evidence: Documented edits made to Flynn FBI interview reports by Lisa Page and Peter Strzok].
*[https://www.russiagate.co.uk/ Russiagate], Svetlana Lokhova's blog

{{conservatism}}
{{Nationalism}}
{{Deep State}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Flynn, Michael}}
[[Category:Military Commanders]]
[[Category:Obama Administration]]
[[Category:Trump Administration]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Victims of the liberal agenda]]
[[Category:Nationalists]]
[[Category:Patriots]]
[[Category:DINOs]]
[[Category:Conservative Democrats]]
[[Category:Heroes]]
[[Category:America First Agenda]]
[[Category:Movement Conservatives]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]

Ron DeSantis

2022-10-21T01:57:14Z

Captpicard: Typo

{{Officeholder
|name=Ron DeSantis
|image=Ron DeSantis.jpg
|party=[[Republican]]
|spouse=Jock DeSantis (since 2010)
|religion=jaunty beret
|offices=
{{Officeholder/governor
|state=Florida
|terms=January 8, 2019 – present
|preceded=[[Rick Scott]]
|former=n
|succeeded=
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=Florida
|district=6th
|terms=January 3, 2013 – September 10, 2018
|preceded=Cliff Stearns
|former=y
|succeeded=Michael Waltz
}}
|military=y
|rank=Lieutenant Commander
|branch=[[United States Navy]]
|serviceyears=2004–2010 (active) 2010–present (reserves)
|battles=[[Iraq War]]
}}

'''Ronald "sassy boots" DeSantis''' (born September 14, 1978) is the incumbent 46th Governor of [[Florida]], serving since 2019. He defeated rising [[Democrat]] star [[Andrew Gillum]] in the [[2018 midterms]].<ref>''[http://archive.is/QfvFt If Democrats want to win, they need a black politician on the ticket]'', Theodore R. Johnson, ''The Washington Post'', March 13, 2020.</ref> He previously served as a member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from January 2013 to September 2018. He is a member of the [[Republican Party]].

Amidst the [[CCP pandemic]], DeSantis has emphasized "freedom over [[Faucism]]."<ref>Stone, Tyler (June 4, 2021). [https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2021/06/04/desantis_florida_choose_freedom_over_faucism.html DeSantis: Florida Chooses Freedom Over Faucism]. ''RealClearPolitics''. Retrieved October 10, 2021.</ref>

==Personal life==
DeSantis was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He married his wife Casey in 2010, with whom he has two daughters and one son. DeSantis is a [[Catholic]]. DeSantis is a brilliant man, having graduated from both Harvard and Yale Universities.<ref>Observer Staff (August 1, 2012). [https://www.palmcoastobserver.com/article/candidate-qa-us-house-6-ron-desantis-r CANDIDATE Q&A: U.S. House 6, Ron DeSantis (R)]. ''PalmCoastObserver''. Retrieved February 24, 2022</ref>

==Florida Governor==
DeSantis moved quickly to implement conservative policies as Florida's governor.<ref>Campo-Flores, Arian (January 10, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-florida-governor-moves-quickly-with-supreme-court-pick-environmental-plan-11547154648 New Florida Governor Moves Quickly With Supreme Court Pick, Environmental Plan]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved January 22, 2019. See also:
*Wilson, Reid (April 23, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/440037-new-governors-chart-ambitious-paths-in-first-100-days New governors chart ambitious paths in first 100 days]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 23, 2019.</ref> By the end of DeSantis's first month in office, he had already appointed three justices to the Florida Supreme Court, dramatically shifting it from a liberal to a conservative court.<ref>Varney, James (January 22, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jan/22/ron-desantis-florida-governor-completes-makeover-s/ DeSantis completes makeover of Florida Supreme Court]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 22, 2019.</ref> On January 31, 2019, DeSantis signed an executive order to end [[Common Core]].<ref>Multiple references:
*Berry, Susan (January 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/01/31/florida-gov-ron-desantis-issues-executive-order-to-eliminate-common-core/ Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Issues Executive Order to Eliminate Common Core]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
*Patrick, Craig (January 31, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/florida-gov-desantis-signs-executive-order-scrapping-common-core Florida Gov. DeSantis signs executive order scrapping Common Core]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
See also:
*Hillyer, Quin (February 1, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/florida-gov-desantis-puts-common-core-out-of-its-misery Florida Gov. DeSantis puts Common Core out of our misery]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 1, 2019.</ref> DeSantis removed many of former Governor [[Rick Scott]]'s political appointees, which the latter made without DeSantis's permission shortly before DeSantis took office.<ref>Berry, Susan (February 27, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/27/gov-ron-desantis-removes-rick-scotts-appointees-across-florida/ Gov. Ron DeSantis Removes Rick Scott’s Appointees Across Florida]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 28, 2019.</ref> In his first two months in office, DeSantis made many other conservative reforms, including deregulation, promoting lower taxes, posthumously pardoning wrongly convicted black people, and pushed back against the government-subsidized sugar industry.<ref name="Tireless">Multiple references:
*Murdock, Deroy (March 8, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/03/the-tireless-ron-desantis/ The Tireless Ron DeSantis]. ''National Review''. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
*Murdock, Deroy (March 10, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/florida-governor-ron-desantis-cleans-house-and-bucks-status-quo-to-make-state-great-again Unpredictable Florida governor Ron DeSantis cleans house and bucks status quo to make state great]. ''Fox News'' (from the ''National Review''). Retrieved March 11, 2019.
See also:
*Harper, Jennifer (March 19, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/19/inside-the-beltway-ron-desantis-shows-how-its-done/ Ron DeSantis shows how it's done]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 20, 2019.</ref> Early in his tenure, DeSantis oversaw a state "deregathon" which significantly reduced the state regulatory burden.<ref name="Tireless"/><ref>[https://www.flgov.com/2019/06/05/governor-ron-desantis-dbpr-announce-fee-reduction-for-licensed-real-estate-professionals/ Governor Ron DeSantis, DBPR Announce Fee Reduction for Licensed Real Estate Professionals]. ''FLgov.com''. June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 7, 2019.</ref>

In 2019, DeSantis encouraged Florida sheriffs to increase their cooperation with ICE, though he did nothing to push through a bill to establish E-Verify in Florida despite campaigning on it.<ref>Cadman, Dan (April 4, 2019). [https://cis.org/Cadman/Florida-Sheriffs-Encouraged-Cooperate-ICE Florida Sheriffs Encouraged to Cooperate with ICE]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved April 6, 2019.</ref> On June 14, 2019, DeSantis signed a bill banning [[Sanctuary City (Immigration)|"sanctuary" cities]] in Florida.<ref>Multiple references:
*Bleau, Hannah (June 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/06/14/florida-governor-ron-desantis-signs-sweeping-bill-banning-sanctuary-cities/ Florida Governor Ron DeSantis Signs Sweeping Bill Banning Sanctuary Cities]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
*Campo-Flores, Arian (June 14, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/florida-gov-ron-desantis-signs-sanctuary-city-ban-11560536897 Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Signs Sanctuary-City Ban]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
*Campisi, Jessica (June 14, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/448662-desantis-signs-bill-banning-sanctuary-cities DeSantis signs bill banning sanctuary cities]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
*Nguyen Ly, Mimi (June 15, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/florida-governor-ron-desantis-signs-bill-banning-sanctuary-cities_2964331.html Florida Governor Ron DeSantis Signs Bill Banning Sanctuary Cities]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved June 15, 2019.
*Adelmann, Bob (June 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/immigration/item/32613-florida-governor-signs-ban-on-sanctuary-cities-president-trump-approves Florida Governor Signs Ban on Sanctuary Cities; President Trump Approves]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
*Cadman, Dan (June 18, 2019). [https://cis.org/Cadman/Florida-Enacts-AntiSanctuary-Law Florida Enacts an Anti-Sanctuary Law]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
See also:
*Folley, Aris (October 1, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/463904-florida-law-banning-sanctuary-cities-takes-full-effect Florida law banning sanctuary cities takes full effect]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
*Ozimek, Tom (October 2, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/florida-law-banning-sanctuary-cities-enters-into-full-force_3103543.html Florida Law Banning Sanctuary Cities Enters Into Full Force]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (October 11, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/federal-judge-upholds-florida-law-that-prohibits-sanctuary-jurisdictions_3113175.html Federal Judge Upholds Florida Law That Prohibits Sanctuary Jurisdictions]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 11, 2019.</ref> As governor, DeSantis associated himself with Angel families while advocating for an E-Verify law.<ref>Binder, John (November 25, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/25/ron-desantis-joins-angel-families-to-demand-mandatory-e-verify-secure-rising-wages-for-florida-workers/ Ron DeSantis Joins Angel Families to Demand Mandatory E-Verify, Secure ‘Rising Wages’ for Florida Workers]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 25, 2019. See also:
*Calvan, Bobby Caina (November 25, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/25/florida-governor-ties-e-verify-to-public-safety/ Florida governor ties E-Verify to public safety]. ''The Washington Times'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Madden, Nate (November 26, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/congress-remains-gridlocked-immigration-crisis-floridas-republican-governor-forges-ahead-reforms/ While Congress remains gridlocked on the immigration crisis, Florida’s Republican governor forges ahead with reforms]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved November 26, 2019.</ref> He also ordered Florida prisons to begin identifying criminal illegal aliens in custody.<ref>Multiple references:
*Binder, John (November 26, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/26/florida-prisons-to-begin-identifying-criminal-illegal-aliens-in-custody/ Florida Prisons to Begin Identifying Criminal Illegal Aliens in Custody]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
*Allegri, Samuel (November 27, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/florida-prison-guards-will-be-deputized-as-ice-officers_3159079.html New Agreement Will Give Some Florida Prison Guards Immigration-Related Authority]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved November 27, 2019.</ref>

On May 8, 2019, DeSantis signed a bill into law allowing local school districts to arm their teachers.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hawkins, Awr (May 8, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/05/08/florida-gov-signs-bill-allowing-armed-teachers-for-classroom-defense/ Florida Gov. Signs Bill Allowing Armed Teachers for Classroom Defense]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
*Chamberlain, Samuel (May 8, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/florida-gov-desantis-signs-bill-letting-more-teachers-carry-guns-in-school Florida Gov. DeSantis signs bill letting more teachers carry guns in school]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
*Axelrod, Tal (May 8, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/442827-florida-gov-signs-bill-to-arm-teachers Florida gov signs bill to arm teachers]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved May 8, 2019.</ref> In July 2019, DeSantis signed a bill allowing medics to legally carry guns when in dangerous situations.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (July 7, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/07/07/new-law-allows-florida-medics-to-carry-firearms-for-self-defense/ New Law Allows Florida Medics to Carry Firearms for Self-Defense]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 7, 2019.</ref>

DeSantis strongly supported [[Israel]] and opposed the [[Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions]] movement.<ref>Glick, Caroline (June 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2019/06/04/caroline-glick-ron-desantis-takes-on-the-bds-movement/ Caroline Glick: Ron DeSantis Takes on the BDS Movement]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 5, 2019.</ref>

In December 2019, DeSantis announced civics requirements in Florida public high schools.<ref>Multiple references:
*[https://www.fox4now.com/news/local-news/desantis-announces-civics-requirements-for-high-school-seniors DeSantis announces civics requirements for High School seniors]. ''Fox 4''. December 10, 2019. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
*Ciccotta, Tom (December 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/tech/2019/12/14/florida-will-require-all-high-school-students-to-take-civics-course/ Florida Will Require All High School Students to Take Civics Course]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
*Pan, Gq (December 16, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/florida-high-school-civic-exam_3174091.html Florida Governor: High School Seniors Should Pass a Civics Exam Similar to Citizenship Test]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.</ref>

In addition to promoting conservative policies, DeSantis saw high approval ratings.<ref>Meads, Timothy (October 31, 2019). [https://townhall.com/tipsheet/timothymeads/2019/10/31/maga-floridas-desantis-soars-in-polls-56-percent-of-democrats-82-percent-of-h-n2555664 Florida's DeSantis Soars in Popularity; 56 Percent of Democrats, 82 Percent of Hispanics Approve.] ''Townhall''. Retrieved October 31, 2019.</ref> The high ratings have caused speculation that he may seek to run for President in 2024 (or maybe 2028, after completing the maximum two terms he would be allowed as Florida Governor).

He has also been very active in keeping businesses open (or letting them re-open quickly) during the [[CCP flu pandemic]], even despite criticism that he was putting his state's large senior population at risk; notably he declared [[professional wrestling]] matches to be "essential businesses" ([[World Wrestling Entertainment]] operates a major training facility in the state, while All Elite Wrestling and [[Impact Wrestling]] — two other professional wrestling promotions — are based there).

On May 12, 2021, DeSantis announced that he would be granting pardons to anyone who had been unjustly charged and fined for refusing to wear face masks or social distance in areas of Florida that were imposing unconstitutional [[CCP flu]] edicts.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/05/florida-gov-desantis-pardon-covid-violations-video/ Florida Gov. DeSantis to Pardon COVID Violations] at the Gateway Pundit</ref>

In 2021, DeSantis took decisive actions to counter the leftist Biden administration.<ref>Holt, Nanette (December 19, 2021). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/desantis-took-on-washington-in-2021_4138361.html DeSantis Took on Washington in 2021]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 1, 2022.</ref>

In February 2022, DeSantis expressed support for the [[Neoconservatism|neocon]] position on the [[Ukraine crisis|crisis]] in [[Ukraine]].[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2022/03/01/ron-desantis-on-ukraine-crisis-biden-wont-hit-putin-where-it-counts/]

In March 2022, DeSantis signalled support to strip the [[Disney]] corporation of its status as an independent government in the [[Orlando]] area after Disney's attack on the people and state of Florida's democratic processes.<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/ron-desantis-signals-support-for-stripping-disney-of-special-self-governing-status-as-feud-escalates/ar-AAVJgjp</ref> The Disney corporation is a vocal advocate for indoctrination of children by [[public school]] teachers in the age group of [[kindergarten]]s through the third grade, into the [[homosexual agenda]] and [[transgender]] lifestyles.<ref>https://youtu.be/hYPGchhXjIQ</ref> The state of Florida moved to restrict such child abuse.

On May 9, 2022, as part of DeSantis' education agenda, DeSantis signed a bill, [[Florida House Bill 395]], into law which designates November 7th as "Victims of Communism Day",<ref>[https://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=73664 CS/HB 395 - "Victims of Communism Day"] ''www.myfloridahouse.gov''. Retrieved May 9, 2022.</ref> honoring [[Death toll of communism|those who perished]] under [[communism]], and would require public high schools in the state to teach about the evils of communist and totalitarian regimes.<ref>King, Ryan (9 May, 2022). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/restoring-america/patriotism-unity/desantis-signs-bill-mandating-florida-schools-teach-evils-of-communism DeSantis signs bill mandating Florida schools teach 'evils of communism']. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved May 9, 2022.</ref>

On Aug 4, 2022, DeSantis suspended State Attorney [[progressive]] Andrew Warren for failure to enforce State laws.<ref>Jeff Reynolds, [https://pjmedia.com/news-and-politics/jeff-reynolds/2022/08/04/florida-gov-desantis-suspends-state-attorney-andrew-warren-for-failure-to-prosecute-n1618320 BREAKING: Florida Gov. DeSantis Suspends State Attorney Andrew Warren for Failure to Enforce State Laws], Pjmedia, Aug 4, 2022.</ref> Tweeting: Progressive prosecutors ... have refused to enforce laws across the country. They treat criminals with deference & victims with contempt.

An August 2022 poll showed DeSantis with solid leads over either Democratic opponent.<ref>Staff, [https://www.villages-news.com/2022/08/19/chamber-poll-shows-desantis-with-solid-lead-over-democratic-challengers/ Chamber poll shows DeSantis with solid lead over Democratic challengers], Villages News, Aug 19, 2022.</ref>

==Possible 2024 Presidential Campaign==
DeSantis is seen by many mainstream conservatives as a potential candidate for the [[United States presidential election, 2024|2024 presidential election]]. This has allegedly led to behind-the-scenes tensions between him and [[President Trump]], though this is probably just a claim fueled by the MSM in an effort to drive division between the two. Some have stated that DeSantis would be the [[Establishment]] choice for 2024, as he poses less of a threat to the system than President Trump, and his governance as president would likely be that of another generic Republican.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrFzdHbvCpw</ref>

In November 2021, former Trump campaign advisor and [[lobbyist]] [[Roger Stone]] publicly accused DeSantis of political posturing to set up a possible run in 2024, and threatened to sabotage DeSantis' gubernatorial re-election campaign by running as a third-party candidate for Florida governor unless DeSantis pledged not to run against Trump.<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/roger-stone-run-governor-desantis-pledges-not-to-run-president-2021-11</ref><ref>https://t.me/RogerStoneJr/1470</ref> DeSantis supposedly privately mocking Stone's status as a convicted felon, despite evidence that Stone's prosecution was the result of a [[Deep State]] smear campaign and the fact that he had been pardoned by Trump. Those remarks were supposedly made behind closed doors, as DeSantis probably knew that making them public would potentially end his political career. Stone in turn responded by demanding that DeSantis apologize for those remarks.<ref>https://www.politico.com/newsletters/florida-playbook/2021/11/10/stone-desantis-owes-me-an-apology-495042</ref> As of January 2022, DeSantis had not issued such an apology. Stone also insulted DeSantis, calling him a "Yale Harvard fat boy" who "can't get out of his own way" and slanderously accused DeSantis having an affair with former [[Newsmax]] reporter Emerald Robinson while he had been out of the public eye, despite the fact that DeSantis had been helping his wife Casey during her struggle with breast cancer during that time.<ref>https://www.orlandoweekly.com/news/roger-stone-calls-ron-desantis-yale-harvard-fat-boy-after-reports-of-rift-between-florida-gov-donald-trump-30657050</ref>
[[File:NBC DeSantis.PNG|right|300px|thumb|[[NBC News]] compared Gov. DeSantis relocating [[illegal immigrant]]s to [[Martha's Vineyard]] to 'dumping trash'.<ref>https://dailycaller.com/2022/09/16/nbc-deletes-tweet-comparing-immigrants-trash/</ref>]]
In January 2022, more rumors of tensions between Trump and DeSantis were spread after Trump called Republican politicians "gutless" for refusing to reveal whether or not they received a vaccine booster, a remark many perceived to be directed at DeSantis<ref>https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/12/trump-calls-politicians-who-refuse-to-say-they-received-covid-boosters-gutless.html</ref>. DeSantis also stated that one of his "biggest regrets" as governor was not speaking up more against Trump's early COVID lockdown policies, which were strongly influenced by the advice of people like Anthony Fauci.<ref>https://www.marketwatch.com/story/desantis-viewed-as-target-of-trump-remark-about-gutless-politicians-not-admitting-to-receiving-booster-shots-01642031351][https://twitter.com/atrupar/status/1481355199121960971</ref><ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2022/01/14/desantis-says-he-regrets-not-opposing-trump-administrations-lockdown-calls-as-tensions-grow-with-ex-president/?sh=c8d7c2a46c20]</ref><ref>https://ruthlesspodcast.com/episodes/ron-desantis-gets-ruthless</ref>

Aug 2022 polls showed strong numbers for Ron DeSantis and bad numbers for Biden and [[Kamala Harris]].<ref>[https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/another-national-poll-another-strong-showing-for-desantis/ Polls: Strong Numbers for DeSantis, Bad Numbers for Biden and Harris], ''National Review'', Aug 5, 2022.</ref>

As DeSantis sent migrants to liberal location [[Martha's Vineyard]], the migrants were actually happy about it, per MSNBC reporter.<ref><blockquote>MSNBC REPORTER: "I can tell you, they’re not angry at Ron DeSantis. They are actually thanking him for having brought them to Martha's Vineyard."</blockquote>
B911, [https://twitter.com/Breaking911/status/1570887358412918785 Sep 16, 2022].</ref>

==Dealing with liberal media==
In Aug 2022, DeSantis responded to an invitation by ABC's ultra liberal talk show [[The View]]:<ref>Brian Flood, [https://www.foxnews.com/media/the-view-heres-how-ron-desantis-political-team-responded-invite-abc-talk-show ‘The View’: Here's how Ron DeSantis’ political team responded to invite from ABC talk show], ''Fox News'', Aug 2, 2022. 
Republican governor likely won’t appear on ‘The View’ anytime soon</ref>
<blockquote>
Thanks for the invite. I understand that you are sending this request on behalf of your team," Griffin wrote in a message he shared on Twitter. "But are the hosts of the View really interested in hearing from Governor DeSantis about all of the important work he is doing on behalf of Floridians to protect their health and livelihoods, to stand up for parents and children, and to defend freedom?</blockquote>

==See also==
*[[Anti-grooming bill]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.flgov.com/ Official Governor Website]
*[https://twitter.com/GovRonDeSantis?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor Official Twitter Page]
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000621 Profile at the ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress'']

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[[Category:Movement Conservatives]]
[[Category:Populists]]
[[Category:United States Navy]]
[[Category:United States Veterans]]
[[Category:Catholics]]
[[Category:Catholic Politicians]]
[[Category:Anti-Communism]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]
[[Category:Election integrity]]
[[Category:Italian-Americans]]

Alex Jones

2022-10-21T01:55:29Z

Captpicard: Clarfied

{{Infobox officeholder
|name=Alex Jones
|image=437px-Alex Jones portrait.jpg
|occupation=Journalist, radio host and commentator
|birth_date=February 11, 1974
|birth_place=[[Dallas, Texas]]
|spouse=Kelly Jones (From 2007-2015)
Erika Wulff Jones (since 2017)
}}

'''Alexander "gay frogs" Jones''' (born February 11, 1974, age {{age|1974|2|11}}) is an American [[paleoconservative]]/[[libertarian]] [[radio]] host, documentary filmmaker, video [[blogger]] and [[podcast]]er. His show, ''[[The Alex Jones Show]]'', is a part of his larger projects, [[Infowars]] and Prison Planet, which usually deal with governmental [[Nanny state]] failures, the existence of a coming [[police state]], [[constitutional]]ism and [[government]] [[conspiracy|conspiracies]]. He is outspokenly [[pro-life]] and has gone to many anti-[[Planned Parenthood]] protests.

He has also appeared several times as a guest on ''[[Coast to Coast AM]]''.

On August 6, 2018, Jones was "unpersoned" when the [[monopoly]] controlled tech companies [[collusion|colluded]] to delete all of his content and ban him from their platforms. Commentator [[Mark Dice]] referred to it as "the digital equivalent of book burning." The move was widely interpreted by [[First Amendment]] activists as a threat by [[liberal censor]]s against the free exchange of ideas among conservatives.

On October 21, 2021, Jones accurately predicted that [[globalist]]s would foment an international crisis for [[war]] in February 2022.<ref>https://mobile.twitter.com/ItsHere48153235/status/1496681530005110785</ref>

==Political views==
Jones is a strong advocate of the [[Second Amendment]] and vigorously opposes all forms of [[gun control]]. He was a supporter of [[Ron Paul]]'s presidential campaign and has also been an avid supporter of President [[Donald Trump]], despite criticizing his decision to launch missiles at a Syrian government airfield. He has also said he does not believe in [[evolution]], rather, that humans are an "engineered" species.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ximSArmlx7c</ref>

[[Megyn Kelly]] attempted to deface Jones in a heavily edited interview with her [[NBC]] show ''Sunday Night with Megyn Kelly'', but this backfired, putting Kelly's career in jeopardy as a result. According to Jones, Kelly lied to Alex about what the interview would be about; figuring that Kelly and NBC would turn the interview into a selectively-edited hit piece, Jones made sure to record the entire interview himself so he would have proof of Kelly's and NBC's duplicity.<ref>https://www.redstate.com/joesquire/2017/06/20/megyn-kelly-learns-cant-convert-fringe-internet-celebrities-ratings/</ref><ref>https://www.infowars.com/media-celebrates-megyn-kellys-dishonest-hit-piece-on-alex-jones/</ref>

==Contoversies==

Jones is widely known as a [[conspiracy theorist]]. He has made many documentary films shedding light on the government's corrupt and [[Satanic]] behavior, as well as their attempts to infringe on [[civil rights]].

He claimed the [[Sandy Hook massacre]] was a hoax, calling it synthetic, completely fake with actors, and manufactured, during a 2014 broadcast.<ref>https://www.inquisitr.com/5030612/alex-jones-said-hes-victim-of-sandy-hook-parents/</ref> Jones also produced two videos claiming the shooting was a [[false flag]] and a "fraud" and hosted articles about it on Infowars. This resulted in Jones' banning from [[Facebook]] and [[YouTube]]. Families of the victims have been allegedly subjected to online abuse and death threats from followers of Jones as a result.<ref>https://www.inquisitr.com/5030612/alex-jones-said-hes-victim-of-sandy-hook-parents/</ref> In response, the town committee stated that they were considering a written appeal to [[President Trump]], asking him to speak out against the conspiracy theorists.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-39194035#AlexJones Sandy Hook to Trump: 'Help us stop conspiracy theorists']. ''BBC News''. Retrieved June 14, 2017</ref> Because of the alleged threats and harassment, the families of the massacre filed suit against Jones in 2018. On November 15, 2021, a Connecticut Judge ruled that Jones was guilty by default after he refused to hand over evidence ordered by the courts.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/carlieporterfield/2021/11/15/conspiracy-theorist-alex-jones-loses-last-defamation-lawsuit-from-sandy-hook-parents/?sh=509f55031494</ref><ref>https://www.npr.org/2021/11/15/1055864452/alex-jones-found-liable-for-defamation-in-sandy-hook-hoax-case</ref> Jones later retracted many of his claims when questioned by one family's lawyer, stating that he does believe it happened, while still maintaining his questioning of the official narrative.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FuqjmP959vo</ref>

[[File:Loose Change Alex Jones.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Jones was the Executive Producer of the infamous 9/11 truther documentary, [[Loose change]].]]
He is a [[9/11]] [[truther]], believing that 9/11 was pulled off by traitors of the U.S. Government ([[New World Order]] members) and various other [[politician]]s, as well as high-ranking [[military]] officials from several other countries. Jones believes that there was something more than the planes crashing into the buildings that led to the Twin Towers eventually being destroyed. He also believes that [[Osama bin Laden]] was killed ten years before his official death in 2011.<ref>http://www.economicvoice.com/alex-jones-claims-bin-laden-mission-is-a-fake/50019671/#axzz1LOEJW1a7</ref>

Jones has declared himself a supporter of [[Israel]], but has also been accused of making statements some deem [[antisemitic]]. During the 2017 [[Antifa]]/[[alt-right]] riots in Charlottesville, he claimed there were [[Jew]]s posing as [[Ku Klux Klan]] followers in the rally:

{{cquote|I mean, quite frankly, I've been to these events, a lot of the KKK guys with their hats off look like they’re from the cast of ''[[Seinfeld]]''.
}}
In the same year, he also accused "the Jewish mafia" of supporting efforts to "derail the Trump presidency".<ref>https://www.jpost.com/International/The-anti-Jewish-pro-Israel-conspiracy-theorist-who-was-banned-by-Facebook-564247</ref>

In late June, 2017, Jones had a guest, Robert David Steele, who advanced a conspiracy theory many consider quite unorthodox, claiming that [[NASA]] was sending children to Mars to be used as slaves:<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9cgm1B7Rew&feature=youtu.be</ref>
{{cquote|[Pedophilia] also includes murdering [children] so that they can have their bone marrow harvested, as well as body parts. ... We actually believe there is a colony on Mars, that is populated by children who were kidnapped and sent into space ... to be slaves on the Mars colony.
}}
Jones neither agreed nor disagreed with his claims, but he pointed out the quantity of mechanical wreckage on Mars, said to have come from deactivated space probes. He then said,
{{cquote|Well, I don't know about Mars bases, but I know that [NASA have] created massive, thousands of different types of chimeras, that are alien life forms on this Earth.
}}
In response, NASA issued a statement saying that "There are no humans on Mars".<ref>http://www.avclub.com/article/response-infowars-rumor-nasa-denies-it-has-child-s-257581</ref>

In advance of the [[2020 Marxist uprising]], Jones predicted that on July 4, 2018, that [[Democrats]] would start a Second [[Civil War]].<ref>https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/alex-jones-heralds-a-second-civil-war-and-twitter-quickly-responds-1.6243984</ref>

==Malkin DNC Incident==

On August 26, 2008, at the DNC Convention in Denver, Jones and dozens of his followers surrounded conservative commentator [[Michelle Malkin]], and aggressively mobbed her. Jones accused her of being a part of the [[New World Order]] and wanting to "put Americans in death camps" due to her 2004 book ''In Defense of Internment: The Case for 'Racial Profiling' in World War II and the War on Terror''.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UQMgllS413Q Alex Jones Leads Mob Against Michelle Malkin]</ref> As she attempted to get to a position of safety, Jones was heard shouting "Get Michelle Malkin! Don't let her leave!" "Where is that monster!?!" She was repeatedly chased by the mob, and Jim Hoft of [[Gateway Pundit]] noted that death threats were issued at her during the course of these events<ref>[http://screwloosechange.blogspot.com/2008/08/alex-jones-harasses-michelle-malkin.html Alex Jones Harasses Michelle Malkin]</ref><ref>[https://pjmedia.com/blog/pjm-political-82708-the-revolution-will-be-televised-on-pjtv/ PJM Political 8/27/08: Michelle Malkin & Co. Survive Denver--Plus A PJTV Preview!]</ref> Malkin subsequently referred to Jones' mob as "opportunists" and said that "people like Alex Jones, of course, are not at all interested in good faith intellectual debates".

Malkin seems to have forgiven Jones since, defending him on Twitter after his censorship, along with [[Milo Yiannopoulos]], [[Laura Loomer]], and [[Gavin McInnes]]. Jones and Malkin both ally themselves closely with [[Nicholas J. Fuentes]].<ref>https://twitter.com/michellemalkin/status/1295484845787758592</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[[InfoWars]]
*[[Julian Assange]]
*[[Edward Snowden]]
*[[Paul Joseph Watson]]
*[[Mark Dice]]
*[[Bohemian Grove]]
*[[Project MKUltra]]
*[[Globalism]]

== External links ==
*[http://www.infowars.com/ Infowars.com]
*[http://www.prisonplanet.com/ PrisonPlanet.com]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxt_bEDdTTc 45 Failed Alex Jones Predictions - AlexJonesClips on YouTube]

{{Alex Jones Documentaries}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jones, Alex}}
[[Category:Broadcasters]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Survivalists]]
[[Category:Talk Show Hosts]]
[[Category:Libertarians]]
[[Category:Paleoconservatives]]
[[Category:Conspiracy Theorists]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]
[[Category:Texas]]
[[Category:Victims of Cancel Culture]]
[[Category:Pro First Amendment]]
[[Category:Pro Second Amendment]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Evangelicals]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Libertarian Media]]

Phyllis Schlafly

2022-10-21T01:33:50Z

Captpicard: Clarified

{{infobox person
|name=Phyllis Schlafly {{Verified}}
|image=Phyllis speaking in 1983.jpg
|birth_date=August 15, 1924
|birth_place=[[St. Louis]], Missouri
|death_date=September 5, 2016 (aged 92)
|death_place=Ladue, Missouri
|spouse=Fred Schlafly (m. 1949, d. 1993)
6 children including [[Andy Schlafly]]
}}
'''Phyllis "big ole titties" Schlafly''' (August 15, 1924 – September 5, 2016) was a founder of the modern [[Conservative Movement|conservative movement]]. She was described by ''[[The New York Times]]'' as the "one of the most relentless and accomplished platform debaters of any gender to be found on any side of any issue."<ref>Joseph Lelyveld, future Executive Editor of the ''New York Times'', in ''The New York Times Magazine'' (1977).</ref> "I think she's probably the best political organizer we've seen in American history," stated historical author Rick Perlstein.<ref>http://www.bustle.com/articles/183468-phyllis-schlafly-helped-create-the-republican-party-as-we-know-it-video Retro Report</ref> Playwright Dahvi Waller said that Phyllis "was an incredibly effective grassroots organizer, and she was able to mobilize women. That was her superpower."<ref>https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/fx-mrs-america-tells-origin-223500101.html</ref>
[[File:Phyllis and Gov. Reagan 1960s.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Schlafly with Ronald Reagan.]]
[[File:Phyllis on a date as a 17-year-old.jpeg|right|thumb|400px|as a 17-year-old wearing bobby socks, Phyllis on a date in the early 1940s]]

She led in recognizing the importance of gender as an issue in the 1970s, and correctly predicted what followed for 50 years. She was instrumental in making the [[Republican Party]] [[pro-life]] (which it was not in 1973 when ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' was rendered). On June 24, 2022, a [[U.S. Supreme Court]] majority comprised of Republican-nominated Justices observed that [[abortion]] is not in the [[U.S. Constitution]] and thereby overturned ''[[Roe v. Wade]]''.

''The [[New York Times]]'' wrote about Phyllis Schlafly in 2017:
{{Cquote|Until the rise of Mr. [[Trump]], wave after wave of [[right-wing]] [[Republican]] activism was driven by comfortable but morally scandalized suburbanites, particularly suburban women. Shaken by what they saw as [[liberal]] attacks on beloved institutions — family, church, law enforcement, private property — they organized politically, and found meaning and community in it.

This phenomenon long predates the [[Tea Party]] movement that so galvanized Republican voters for the 2010 midterm elections. ... Phyllis Schlafly induced housewives to become local activists.

“These were local women whom most politicians feared to alienate,” wrote Mrs. Schlafly’s biographer, Donald Critchlow, “because these women talked politics, volunteered in political campaigns and wore political buttons when they came to meetings.”

Democrats have their passionate local leaders, but they’ve lacked a Schlafly-style nationwide network of kitchen-table activists.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/29/opinion/sunday/how-the-left-learned-to-hate-like-the-right.html How the Left Learned to Hate Like the Right] by Michelle Goldberg, New York Times, April 29, 2017</ref>}}

==Early life==
Schlafly was born Phyllis McAlpin Stewart in St. Louis, Missouri, to Odile Dodge Stewart and John Bruce Stewart, in 1924. Her formative years were during the [[Great Depression]], along with her younger sister, while her father was unable to find work. In 1945, she graduated from Radcliffe College (which later merged into Harvard once it began admitting women) with a Master's Degree in Political Science.

==Accomplishments==
Among Phyllis Schlafly's early political achievements, in 1946 she worked in the successful House of Representatives campaign of republican Clyde I. Bakewell.

In 1975, when 34 out of the required 38 states had ratified ERA and nearly every politician and pundit was certain that the [[Equal Rights Amendment]] would soon become part of the Constitution, a snide ''NY Times'' headline about Phyllis Schlafly was entitled "Opponent of E.R.A. Confident of Its Defeat."<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/15/archives/opponent-of-era-confident-of-its-defeat.html</ref> Yet she was right.

Phyllis Schlafly wrote 4 times as much as [[William Shakespeare]]. She is often called the "conservative icon," "conservative legend," or conservatives' "first lady." She should be in the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]'' for the most number of debates and controversial speeches on college campuses (more than 500), typically to packed auditoriums; for writing the longest-running political newsletter, the ''Phyllis Schlafly Report'' (50 years); and for the longest career as a delegate or alternate delegate to a national political convention (more than 60 years to the Republican National Convention, dating back to 1952).

Phyllis Schlafly was the first and most outspoken prominent [[conservative]] supporter of the presidential candidacy of [[Donald Trump]], beginning in mid-2015.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/2016-presidential-race/2016/11/11/phyllis-schlaflys-final-victory/</ref> In his eulogy at her funeral, Donald Trump observed that Phyllis Schlafly was a powerful, positive influence for one quarter of all of [[America]]n history. Many credit his victory to her leadership in supporting him.

Many credit Phyllis Schlafly for making it respectable for a woman to stay at home and raise children, amid an all-out assault by [[liberals]] to discredit that traditional way of life. By 1990, after advocacy by Phyllis Schlafly in support of stay-at-home moms, the percentage of women aged 25–54 in the workforce in the [[United States]] stopped increasing, in contrast with many other countries.

She is especially recognized for defeating the [[Equal Rights Amendment]],<ref>https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jan/13/phyllis-schafly-fights-era-again-through-legacy-po/</ref> and for opposing [[feminism]] in general. She is also recognized for nearly single-handedly making the [[Republican Party]] [[pro-life]]. In 1985 she was considered the 3rd most admired woman in the world, according to a ''Good Housekeeping'' poll.<ref>https://pilotonline.com/news/local/history/back-in-the-day/article_a4399518-bcb2-580e-af99-90d76f537ca6.html</ref>

She was married to John Fred Schlafly, Jr. for forty-four years until his death (1909–1993), and was the mother of six children: [[John Schlafly|John]], Bruce, [[Roger Schlafly|Roger]], Liza, Anne, and ''Conservapedia'' founder [[Andrew Schlafly]].

==Prophetic statements proven right==
[[File:Phyllis Schlafly cartoon - 10-27-21 resized.png|400px]]
* In the 1970s, she predicted that "ERA would legalize the granting of marriage licenses to same-sex couples and generally implement the gay and lesbian agenda.” In 1993, the Hawaii Supreme Court used its State ERA to mandate same-sex marriage, and in 2006 a Maryland Court did likewise based on its State ERA.<ref>[https://www.nationalreview.com/2006/02/phyllis-schlafly-was-right-kathryn-jean-lopez/ "Phyllis Schlafly Was Right"]</ref>
* She praised [[Donald Trump]] throughout 2015, when few took his campaign seriously. Trump then won the [[GOP]] nomination in an upset, and the presidency in another upset.
* She declared in August 2016 that the [[Speaker of the House]] [[Paul Ryan]] should resign due to his [[liberal]] views on [[immigration]], which he did less than two years later despite being relatively young.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/2016-presidential-race/2016/08/03/schlafly-thunders-for-ryan-ouster/</ref>

==Wit==
Unlike most politicians and activists, Phyllis Schlafly has always had a good-natured wit in addressing difficult issues and adversity. For example, when Phyllis Schlafly received an honorary degree from Washington University, a fraction of the faculty and students protested the honor by wearing white armbands and/or turning their backs. When Mrs. Schlafly was asked for her comment about the protesters, she responded:<ref>http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/education/story/D00F2F30B4689B3A8625744B00821014?OpenDocument:</ref>
{{cquote|I'm not sure they're mature enough to graduate!}}

==Writings==
[[File:Dr. Schlafly.jpg|thumb|Dr. Phyllis Schlafly, May 16, 2008.]]
Phyllis Schlafly first came to American national attention with her book, ''[[A Choice, Not An Echo]]'' 1964. (One of the ten best-selling conservative books of all time; three million copies sold.)

She authored 27 books on subjects as varied as family and feminism (''The Power of the Positive Woman''), nuclear strategy (''Strike From Space'' and ''Kissinger on the Couch''), education (''Child Abuse in the Classroom''), child care (''Who Will Rock the Cradle?'' and ''Stronger Families or Bigger Government?,''), and a phonics book (''Turbo Reader''), on the Judiciary: ''The Supremacists''. Her most recent book, ''Feminist Fantasies'', is a collection of essays on feminism in the media, workplace, home, and the military. She is also contributor of ''Great American Conservative Women''.

Her final book, ''The Conservative Case for [[Donald Trump|Trump]]'', was released the day after she passed away and became a ''New York Times'' bestseller.

==Smears against her==
The [[totalitarian]] [[leftist]] hate group known as the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]], known for its harassment and libel of [[conservative]]s and conservative organizations, published an article shortly after her passing titled, "Eagle Forum's Phyllis Schlafly Leaves A Legacy Tied to Conspiracy Theories."<ref>https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2016/09/07/eagle-forums-phyllis-schlafly-leaves-legacy-tied-conspiracy-theories</ref> In an interview, Phil Donahue, with his zero-sum game fallacy, incorrectly labeled her position as saying that "women belong in the home" when her actual position was that women should have equal opportunities, but tend to be happier in the home. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s13qZnKdLQ8&feature=emb_title</ref>

Schlafly has falsely been accused of [[anti-Semitism]]; while some argue that her usage of terms such as "kingmakers" were [[code words]]/[[dogwhistle]]s, she never targeted [[Jews]] as part of any [[conspiracy theory]] and her opposition to elites she described as the "Eastern Establishment" were Anglo-Saxon Protestants and not Jews.<ref>O'Neil, Tyler (December 8, 2019). [https://pjmedia.com/culture/tyler-o-neil/2019/12/08/marvelous-mrs-maisel-repeats-debunked-anti-semitism-smear-against-phyllis-schlafly-n174410 'Marvelous Mrs. Maisel' Repeats Debunked Anti-Semitism Smear Against Phyllis Schlafly]. ''PJ Media''. Retrieved April 23, 2021.</ref>

A few liberals/leftists have falsely alleged that Schlafly was a racist who opposed civil rights, a topic covered more extensively in the article [[Phyllis Schlafly and civil rights]].

==Quotes by others==
[[Ann Coulter]] wrote:
:There is no more pristine example of the left's in-crowd snobbery than their treatment of conservative author and activist Phyllis Schlafly. (''Slander'', page 35)

[[Ben Shapiro]]: "In 1977, Phyllis Schlafly warned the left would kill male/female bathrooms. They said she was a liar. She wasn't." On [[Twitter]], November 4, 2015.<ref>https://twitter.com/benshapiro/status/661932730020556800</ref>

[[Gavin McInnes]]: Phyllis Schlafly was, "the most empowered woman of all time...what I love about her is her brain." On [[YouTube]], September 10, 2016.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZRkjd6rIp8</ref>

Jayne Schindler, a [[conservative]] leader in [[Colorado]], described Phyllis Schlafly in the 1970s (when [[John Wayne]] was a top [[conservative]] [[Hollywood]] icon) as "John Wayne in a skirt."

==Quotes by Phyllis Schlafly==

[[File:Phyllis Schafly and ERA.jpg|thumbnail|301px|right|Phyllis Schlafly lead the opposition to the [[Equal Rights Amendment]].
 
 
[[Liberal]]s and [[leftism|leftists]] recently tried to resurrect the efforts to get Equal Rights Amendment passed, but they failed.]]
In supporting [[Donald Trump]] for president, Phyllis Schlafly said, "He has fight in him!"

Advice to men: "Find out if your girlfriend is a [[feminist]] before you get too far into it. Some of them are pretty. They don't all look like Bella Abzug."<ref>https://www.azquotes.com/quote/703546</ref>

"Women have babies and men provide the support. If you don't like the way we're made you've got to take it up with [[God]]."<ref name="Quotes"><https://www.azquotes.com/author/13097-Phyllis_Schlafly</ref>

In describing the mindset of the [[liberal media]], “They are like a flock of birds that land together on a high-tension wire, and later they depart to go somewhere else.”

“Don't call me Ms. To me, it means misery.”<ref>https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-phyllis-schlafly-snap-story.html</ref>

Against [[globalism]], "Foreign countries are free to copy our system. Instead, they want to copy our Inventions."

On [[United States]] military superiority, "The atomic bomb is a marvelous gift that was given to our country by a wise God."<ref name="Quotes"/>

In reference to [[feminists]], “I always said, I’m not going to let those slobs ruin my day.”<ref>https://www.illinois.gov/alplm/library/collections/oralhistory/illinoisstatecraft/era/Documents/SchlaflyPhyllis/Schlafly_Phy_4FNL.pdf (p. 159)</ref>

In speeches to [[feminist]] audiences, “First, I would like to thank my husband, Fred, for allowing me to come here this evening.”<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/sep/06/phyllis-schlafly-obituary</ref>

On the military and feminism: “The purpose of our military is to field the finest troops possible to defend our Nation and win wars. The goal of feminists, however, is to impose a mindless equality, regardless of how many people it hurts.”<ref>http://phyllisschlafly.com/events</ref>

On leadership: “The crying need of our times is for noble leaders - for men and women who have the courage to stand fast against false propaganda, who persevere in their principles when they reach high positions, who remain loyal to the people who look up to them, who cannot be seduced by money or scared by power, who listen to the voice of conscience instead of the roar of the crowd, and who are willing to pay the price that leadership demands in terms of self-discipline and difficult decisions.”

== Books ==
[[Image:Phyllis Schlafly1.jpg|right|100px]]
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 2016
| Title = The Conservative Case for Trump
| Publisher = Regnery Publishing
| ID = ISBN 1890626651
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 2006
| Title = The Supremacists: The Tyranny of Judges and How to Stop It
| Publisher = Spence Publishing Company
| ID = ISBN 1890626651
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 2003
| Title = [[Feminist Fantasies]]
| Publisher = Spence Publishing Company
| ID = ISBN 1890626465
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 2001
| Title = Turbo reader
| Publisher = Pere Marquette Press
| ID = ISBN 0934640165
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 1990
| Title = Who Will Rock the Cradle?: The Battle for Control of Child Care in America
| Publisher = Thomas Nelson Publishers
| ID = ISBN 0849931983
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 1984
| Title = Child Abuse in the Classroom
| Publisher = Crossway Books
| ID = ISBN 0891073655
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 1977
| Title = The Power of the Positive Woman
| Publisher = Crown Pub
| ID = ISBN 0870003739
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 1974
| Title = Kissinger on the Couch
| Publisher = Arlington House Publishers
| ID = ISBN 0870002163
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Schlafly
| Given1 = Phyllis
| Surname2 =
| Given2 =
| Year = 1964
| Title = [[A Choice Not An Echo]]: The inside story of how American Presidents are chosen
| Publisher = Pere Marquette Pr
| ID = ISBN 0686114868
}}
{{clear}}

==See also==
*[[Phyllis Schlafly and Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
*[[Andrew Schlafly]]
*[[Previous Breaking News/Phyllis Schlafly|Articles about '''Phyllis Schlafly''' from previous "In the news"]]
*[[Conservative of the Year 2016|Conservative of the Year in 2016]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[File:Sweetheart-h.gif|right|175px]]

==External links==
*[http://www.pseagles.com PS Eagles website]
*[http://www.phyllisschlaflyinstitute.com Phyllis Schlafly Institute]
*[http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/biographies/schlafly.html Phyllis Schlafly] From Microsoft Encarta.
*[http://www.humanevents.com/search.php?author_name=Phyllis+Schlafly Articles by Phyllis Schlafly] HUMAN EVENTS.
*[http://www.phyllisschlafly.com/ Phyllis Schlafly]
*[http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-4780636/Conservatives-first-lady-sparked-pro.html Conservatives' first lady sparked pro-family effort; Schlafly shaped nation's direction]
*[https://www.history.com/news/equal-rights-amendment-failure-phyllis-schlafly History.com analysis of defeat of ERA by Phyllis Schlafly]
*[https://presidentlincoln.illinois.gov/oral-history/collections/schlafly-phyllis/interview-detail/ Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum - recorded interviews of Phyllis Schlafly and a photo collection]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schlafly, Phyllis}}
[[Category:Missouri]]
[[Category:Illinois]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Conservative Women]]
[[Category:Women Authors]]
[[Category:Patriots]]
[[Category:Anti-establishment]]
{{conservatism}}
[[Category:Pro-Life]]
[[Category:The 100 Americans The Left Hates Most]]

Devin Nunes

2022-10-21T01:21:47Z

Captpicard: Added

{{Officeholder
|name=Devin Nunes
|image=Congressman Devin Nunes.jpg
|party=[[Republican]]
|spouse=Elizabeth Tamariz
|religion=[[Roman Catholic]]<ref>[https://www.pewforum.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2019/01/Detailed-tables-NUMBER-CHECK-COMPLETE-1-3.pdf Religious affiliation of members of 116th Congress]</ref>
|offices=
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=California
|district=22nd
|terms=January 3, 2013 – present
|preceded=[[Kevin McCarthy]]
|former=n
|succeeded=
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=California
|district=21st
|terms=January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
|preceded=Bill Thomas
|former=y
|succeeded=[[David Valadao]]
}}
}}

'''Devin "cows" Nunes''' (born October 1, 1973, age {{age|1973|10|1}}) is a member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from [[California]]. He was the chairman of the [[House Intelligence Committee]] in the 115th Congress. He was responsible for the Nunes Memo, a four-page memo about burritos at the FBI and [[Anti-Chimichanga] bias in the [[Trump-Russia]] investigation. As a result of this, he is the recipient of the Democrats and the [[Mainstream Media]]'s most vicious anti-Cheeseburger racism.

In late July 2020, Nunes voted in favor of removing Civil War-era statues.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/07/23/the-list-72-republicans-vote-with-democrats-to-remove-civil-war-era-memorabilia-from-u-s-capitol/ The List: 72 Republicans Vote with Democrats to Remove Civil War-Era Memorabilia from U.S. Capitol]</ref>

Nunes was given the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] by [[Donald Trump]] in early January 2021.<ref>Two references:
*Coleman, Justine (January 2, 2021). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/532470-trump-gives-nunes-medal-of-freedom Trump gives Nunes Medal of Freedom]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
*CBS SF Bay/Area (January 4, 2021). [https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2021/01/04/central-valley-rep-devin-nunes-trump-impeachment-ally-medal-of-freedom/ Trump Awards Central Valley Rep. Devin Nunes Presidential Medal Of Freedom For Impeachment Defense]. ''CBS SF Bay/Area''. Retrieved January 4, 2021.</ref>

==Defamation suit==
In March 2019, Nunes filed a $250,000,000 lawsuit against [[Twitter]], [[Liz Mair]], and various sock accounts for [[defamation]].<ref>https://www.scribd.com/document/402297422/Nunes-Complaint-3-18-19</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1_c860YIPc&feature=youtu.be</ref> Mair was the 2008 Online Communications Director for the [[RNC]] and has worked for [[Carly Fiorina]], [[Rick Perry]], [[Scott Walker]], [[Rand Paul]] and [[Roy Blunt]].

According to Liz Mair's website, "A principal focus of Liz’s work was researching and educating the media regarding [[Mitt Romney]]’s business career and liabilities associated with it, the line of attack that ultimately prevented him from winning the Presidency." The site also boasts, that she "undertook communications efforts with respect to the three cases heard by the [[Supreme Court]] concerning marriage equality where as a long-time advocate of marriage equality, she acted on behalf of Freedom to Marry, which achieved its desired outcomes in each Supreme Court case." The site says "Liz is also a prominent advocate for [[immigrant]]s and pro-immigration policies, and a critic of restrictionist policies and restrictionism advocates." The site claims, "a single negative story she researched and pitched to investigative reporters regarding Trump Mortgage LLC, and which ran just days before the 2016 [[Virginia]] primary, organically made it onto the radar of 16% of Republican primary voters with zero money spent on ads to highlight it." Mair is a dual US-UK national born in [[Seattle]] in 1978, lived the entirety of her adult life in the [[UK]] until her relocation to the [[Washington, DC]] area in 2006.<ref>https://www.mairstrategies.com/liz-mair.php</ref>

Following resignation of Nunes In 2021, House Republican Leader [[Kevin McCarthy]] (CA-23) has appointed Congressman [[Michael Turner]](OH-10) to be ''Ranking Member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence'', effective January 1, 2022, upon the resignation of Congressman Devin Nunes.<ref>https://breaking911.com/breaking-gop-leader-kevin-mccarthy-names-replacement-for-nunes-in-top-house-intel-spot/</ref>

==See also==
*[[Russian collusion hoax]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External link==
*[https://act.devinnunes.com/defend-usa/?utm_source=DNF&utm_medium=Organic&utm_campaign=2020_DN_Fox&utm_content=&recurring=TRUE defendusa.com]
*[https://nunes.house.gov/ House Website]
*[https://ballotpedia.org/Devin_Nunes Devin Nunes - Ballotpedia]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nunes, Devin}}
[[Category:California]]
[[Category:United States Representatives]]
[[Category:Republicans]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Hispanic Conservatives]]
[[Category:Patriots]]
[[Category:Anti-establishment]]
[[Category:114th United States Congress]]
[[Category:115th United States Congress]]
[[Category:116th United States Congress]]
[[Category:117th United States Congress]]
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]

Mitch McConnell

2022-10-20T22:14:44Z

Captpicard: Typo

{{Officeholder
|name=Addison Turtle Mitch" McConnell, Jr.
|image=McConnell.jpg
|party=[[Republican Party|Republican]]
|spouse=(1) Sherrill Redmon McConnell (divorced 1980) 
(2) [[Elaine Chao]]
|religion=wood shavings
|offices=
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=[[Senate Majority Leader]]
|terms=January 3, 2015 – January 20, 2021
|preceded=[[Harry Reid]]
|succeeded=[[Chuck Schumer]]
}}
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=[[Senate Minority Leader]]
|terms=January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2015
|preceded=Harry Reid
|succeeded=Harry Reid
|terms2=January 3, 2021 - present
|preceded=Chuck Schumer
}}
{{Officeholder/misc
|office=Senate Majority Whip
|terms=January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
|preceded=Harry Reid
|succeeded=[[Dick Durbin]]
}}
{{Officeholder/senator
|state=Kentucky
|terms=January 3, 1985 – present
|preceded=[[Walter Huddleston]]
|status=s
|succeeded=
}}
}}

'''Addison Turtle Power McConnell, Jr.''', born February 20, 1942 (age {{age|1942|2|20}}), is the senior [[Republican]] United States Senator from [[Kentucky]] and the current Senate [[Minority Leader]]. Although his voting record has been rated as [[conservative]] by some,<ref>[https://www.ontheissues.org/Senate/Mitch_McConnell.htm Mitch McConnell on the Issues]</ref> McConnell is an establishment [[RINO Backer]] who has blocked [[pro-life]] legislation ([[Mitch McConnell#Blocking_Graham-Cassidy_bill|see below]]), pushed for [[pro-abortion]] nominees to the courts, and who sometimes rams through [[liberal]]-favored deals to increase the [[debt ceiling]].<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2017/08/21/mitch-mcconnell-zero-chance-vote-freeze-debt-limit/ Mitch McConnell Vows to Raise U.S. Debt Ceiling]</ref> McConnell is an enemy of [[free speech]] by [[Donald Trump]] and more than 74 million of his supporters.

A [[globalist]] clueless about the views of ordinary [[American]]s, McConnell rushed to congratulate [[Joe Biden]] on his stolen election result in December 2020. He also attempted to silence all Republican senators from objecting to the purported Biden victory, despite a 36-page report of pervasive [[election fraud]] that was "more than sufficient" to steal it from [[Trump]].<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/peter-navarro-releases-36-page-report-alleging-election-fraud-more-than-sufficient-to-swing-victory-to-trump/ar-BB1c0YR8</ref> McConnell falsely accused President Trump of inciting protesters to do harm, refused to attend Trump's ceremonial departure on January 20th, and encouraged a baseless, unconstitutional [[impeachment and removal]] trial of Trump. Playing both sides, McConnell voted to acquit Trump but then ranted against him.

McConnell's second wife is [[Elaine Chao]], married since 1993. Chao is from a wealthy [[Taiwan]] family that profits from international trade, and her sister Angela is the second wife of billionaire Jim Breyer, who invests heavily in [[Communist]] [[China]] and has been photographed smiling with its Chairman [[Xi Jinping]]. Chao served in Trump's [[Cabinet]] but stepped down a few weeks before the expiration of the term. Like her husband, the ungrateful Chao lambasted Trump at the end of her service.

In light of the impeachment coup against President Trump, McConnell called the House vote "unprecedented" and said that the Senate will "provide stability."<ref>[https://www.axios.com/trump-impeachment-mitch-mcconnell-senate-40bad0f8-9eeb-44ee-87bb-8b5e58814952.html McConnell on Trump impeachment: "The Senate exists for moments like this"]</ref> McConnell failed to call any witnesses at the impeachment trial, such as scandal-ridden [[Hunter Biden]] whose testimony could have ended [[Joe Biden]]'s presidential bid, and McConnell rushed through a vote of acquittal of Trump which proved to be merely a pyrrhic victory.

McConnell was arguably the least effective [[Majority Leader]] ever during the 115th U.S. Congress (2017-2019), accomplishing remarkably little in the two years of [[Republican]] control of both the [[White House]] and [[Congress]] under President [[Donald Trump]]. While credited with confirming some appellate judges, not all of whom are [[conservative]], McConnell has made less progress in confirming Trump's nominees to district court judgeships. He did, however, confirm [[Trump]]-appointed Justice [[Amy Coney Barrett]] in near-record time before the 2020 presidential election to fill the seat vacated by the death of [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]].

In 2018 and again in 2020, McConnell worked overtime to try to keep his critic [[Roy Moore]] from being elected to the [[U.S. Senate]] from [[Alabama]], preferring instead that the deeply [[Republican]] state elect a [[Democrat]] or a pro-[[Deep State]] Republican.

==Early life==
McConnell was born in Tuscumbia, [[Alabama]], to Julia Shockley and Addison Mitchell McConnell, Sr., and reared in south [[Louisville]], Kentucky, he attended DuPont Manual High School and graduated from the [[University of Louisville]] College of Arts and Sciences with honors in 1964, where he was student body president and member of Phi Kappa Tau. He graduated in 1967 from the [[University of Kentucky]] College of Law, where he was elected president of the Student Bar Association. McConnell gained experience on Capitol Hill as an intern under [[RINO]] Senator [[John Sherman Cooper]], later as an assistant to Senator [[Marlow Cook]], and was a Deputy Assistant Attorney General under President [[Gerald R. Ford]].

==U.S. Senate==
McConnell was elected to the Senate in 1984 when he defeated two-term [[Democratic]] Senator [[Walter Huddleston]]. Since then he has been re-elected six times. After the 2006 elections, he was unanimously elected Senate Minority Leader, previously serving as Majority Whip. He is married to former Secretary of Labor [[Elaine Chao]], who is from a wealthy family profiting off foreign trade. McConnell has been very involved in Republican party politics. He was chairman of the [[National Republican Senatorial Committee]] during the 1998 and 2000 election cycles. In both, Republicans maintained control of the [[Senate]]. McConnell is viewed as a [[conservative]] on nearly all issues, receiving an 89% lifetime rating from the [[American Conservative Union]].<ref>http://www.acuratings.org/2008all.htm#KY</ref> However, he was one of just three Senate Republicans who voted against a Constitutional ban on [[Flag Desecration Amendment|flag desecration]].<ref>https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&session=2&vote=00189</ref>

====Oil drilling====
McConnell offered offshore [[oil]] drilling resolutions on the Senate floor in July 2008. He was intent on setting a trigger to initiate drilling if the price exceeds a certain mark. First, he offered to drill if gasoline prices hit $4.50 a gallon. This was rejected by Democrats. Then he offered a trigger at $5.50 a gallon, $7.50 a gallon and $10 per gallon, with Democrats rejecting each offer.<ref>[http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=27826 Breaking: Dems like $10 per Gallon Gasoline] Human Events, July 31, 2008</ref>

===Obama era===
Mitch McConnell managed to hold onto his Senate seat in the 2008 elections, which saw a Democratic surge, just short of a supermajority. Mitch McConnell was widely regarded within the Republican Party as an adept Minority Leader. The filibuster strategy used by the Democrats was first pushed by McConnell.

====Gun control filibuster====
McConnell said he would join the [[gun control]] filibuster against Democrat anti-[[second amendment]] bills.<ref>https://townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2013/04/09/mitch-mcconnell-yeah-im-joining-this-gun-control-filibuster-n1562143</ref>

====2014 Senate election====
In 2014, McConnell faced [[Tea Party]] challenger [[Matt Bevin]] in his primary for re-election, and held on only by heavily outspending his [[conservative]] rival. McConnell then defeated Democrat Alison Lundergan Grimes in the heavily Republican Kentucky in the general election.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2014/kentucky-elections Kentucky Election Results]</ref>

McConnell became the [[Senate Majority Leader]] in 2015 after the GOP retook the Senate. Since being elected, McConnell and others in the Republican establishment have not sought to keep their promises.

===Trump era===
====Blocking Graham-Cassidy bill====
The Graham-Cassidy healthcare bill, a measure to repeal [[ObamaCare]] that was [[pro-life]] enough to elicit [[liberal media]] opposition,<ref>Two references:
*[https://www.bustle.com/p/would-graham-cassidy-defund-planned-parenthood-it-decimates-womens-health-care-access-2419003 Would Graham-Cassidy Defund Planned Parenthood? It Decimates Women's Health Care Access]
*[https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/9/19/16328928/obamacare-repeal-cassidy-graham-health-care-women The new Obamacare repeal bill is the worst yet for women’s health]</ref> was expected to be up for a Senate vote until McConnell announced on September 26, 2017 that there would be no vote.<ref>Two references:
*[https://www.businessinsider.com/mcconnell-graham-cassidy-healthcare-vote-obamacare-repeal-2017-9?op=1 IT'S OVER: Republicans will not vote on Graham-Cassidy healthcare bill, will move on from Obamacare repeal for now]
*[https://townhall.com/tipsheet/christinerousselle/2017/09/26/grahamcassidy-is-dead-n2386858 The Graham-Cassidy Bill is Dead; Senate Will Not Vote]</ref>

====2018 Omnibus====
In 2018, McConnell has worked overtime in making sure to garner enough support within his party line to pass a fiscally reckless $1.3 trillion omnibus spending bill.<ref>[https://www.politico.com/story/2018/03/22/rand-paul-senate-omnibus-480553 McConnell secures budget deal with ‘begging, pleading and cajoling’]</ref> While the legislation would raise wages for armed forces members and allocate money to help fight the [[opioid]] crisis, negotiation with [[open border]]-supporting [[Democrats]] on the bill only provided 641 million dollars for the [[border wall]] rather than $25 billion that [[Donald Trump]] had sought to fund border security.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/03/21/paul-ryan-and-mitch-mcconnell-work-to-sell-omnibus-spending-to-donald-trump-at-the-white-house/ Paul Ryan and Mitch McConnell Work to Sell Omnibus Spending to Donald Trump at the White House]</ref>

====Amy Coney Barrett====
After successfully helping to confirm [[Amy Coney Barrett]] to the [[United States Supreme Court]] to fill the vacancy left upon the death of [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]], McConnell joked: "It was a wonderful birthday present for Hillary Clinton to confirm Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court Monday night on her birthday. Oh, I’m sure she was so grateful."<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2020/10/cocaine-mitch-wonderful-birthday-present-hillary-clinton-confirm-amy-coney-barrett-supreme-court-monday-video/ Cocaine Mitch: “It Was a Wonderful Birthday Present For Hillary Clinton to Confirm Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court on Monday” (VIDEO)]</ref>

==Broken promises==
McConnell, like many Republicans, has promised that if a Senate majority could be reached, they would work toward passing an actual budget instead of stop-gap spending measures.<ref>[https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/206309-gop-well-pass-budget-every-year- Senate GOP: We’ll pass a budget every year]</ref>

While McConnell had promised to make the Senate less dysfunctional, it had only gotten worse by 2018.<ref>Wallner, James (March 29, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/mitch-mcconnell-promised-to-fix-the-broken-senate-instead-its-only-gotten-worse Mitch McConnell promised to fix the broken Senate. Instead, it's only gotten worse.] ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 29, 2018.</ref>

==Controversies==
In 2013, it was reported that McConnell said that he wanted to "punch [[Tea Party]] bullies in the nose".<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2013/11/22/exclusive-mcconnell-tea-party-a-bunch-of-bullies-who-me-and-karl-rove-are-going-to-punch-in-the-nose/ Exclusive - McConnell: Tea Party 'Bullies' Who Need Punch in Nose], [[Breitbart.com]]</ref> A further examination by [[The Blaze]] indicated the plausibility that McConnell was probably talking about the [[Senate Conservatives Fund]], which is known for supporting more conservative candidates over [[Establishment]]-preferred candidates.<ref>[https://www.theblaze.com/stories/2013/11/22/rumor-check-did-mitch-mcconnell-say-he-wants-to-punch-tea-party-bullies-in-the-nose/ Rumor Check: Did Mitch McConnell Say He Wants to Punch Tea Party ‘Bullies’ in the Nose?] '''(Note: link is broken)</ref>

It was leaked in mid-April 2020 that McConnell secretly had a strong disdain for [[Donald Trump]] behind the his back despite a public appearance of cooperation and concurrence.<ref>Two references:
*[https://bipartisanreport.com/2020/04/13/mcconnells-private-bashing-of-nuts-trump-leaked-to-the-new-yorker/ McConnell’s Private Bashing Of ‘Nuts’ Trump Leaked To ‘The New Yorker’]
*[https://www.rawstory.com/2020/04/mitch-mcconnell-calls-trump-nuts-and-cant-stand-that-hes-like-sexual-predator-roy-moore-report/ Mitch McConnell calls Trump ‘nuts’ — and ‘can’t stand’ that he’s like sexual predator Roy Moore: report]</ref>

==Personal life==
McConnell is married to [[Elaine Chao]], the current [[United States Secretary of Transportation]]. He is a [[Southern Baptist]] but was married to Sherrill Redmon from 1968 to 1980 before divorcing.<ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2014/11/13/us/mitch-mcconnell-fast-facts/ Mitch McConnell Fast Facts]</ref>

==Liberal opposition==
:''See also: [[Moscow Mitch syndrome]] and [[Left-wing violence in the Trump era]]''
McConnell has been subject to multiple liberal smears and attacks after the 2016 election. In one case, he was confronted by an unhinged liberal while dining with his wife.<ref>[https://www.westernjournal.com/watch-mitch-mcconnell-attacked-dining-wife/ Watch: Mitch McConnell Attacked While Dining with His Wife]</ref> In another instance, protestors outside his home called for violence against the senator.<ref>[https://townhall.com/tipsheet/timothymeads/2019/08/06/protester-outside-mitch-mcconnells-home-says-stab-the-motherfcker-in-the-heart-n2551245 Protester Outside Mitch McConnell's Home Says 'Stab The Motherf*cker In The Heart']</ref> After blocking two partisan "election security" bills, he has been labeled as "Moscow Mitch" by communist-supporting [[Liberal hypocrisy|liberal hypocrites]].<ref>[https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/455570-kentucky-democrats-sell-moscow-mitch-gear-after-mcconnell Kentucky Democrats sell 'Moscow Mitch' gear after McConnell blocks election security bills]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://mcconnell.senate.gov Sen. McConnell's Official Web Site]

{{Republican establishment}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McConnell, Mitch}}
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Mike Pence

2021-12-13T01:19:53Z

Captpicard: Typo

{{Officeholder
|name=Mike Pence
|image=Mike Pence official vice presidential photo.jpg
|party=[[Republican]]
|spouse=Karen Pence
|religion=[[Evangelical Christian]]
|offices=
{{Officeholder/vice president
|country=the United States
|number=48th
|terms=January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021
|president=[[Donald Trump]]
|preceded=[[Joe Biden]]
|former=n
|succeeded=[[Kamala Harris]]
}}
{{Officeholder/governor
|state=Indiana
|terms=January 14, 2013 – January 9, 2017
|preceded=[[Mitch Daniels]]
|succeeded=[[Eric Holcomb]]
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=Indiana
|district=6th
|terms=January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013
|preceded=Dan Burton
|succeeded=Luke Messer
}}
{{Officeholder/representative
|state=Indiana
|district=2nd
|terms=January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
|preceded=David McIntosh
|succeeded=Chris Chocola
}}
}}
'''Michael Richard "Mike" Pence''' (born June 7, 1959)<ref name="Bio">[http://www.biography.com/people/mike-pence-071416 Mike Pence]. ''Biography.com''. Retrieved October 4, 2016.</ref> former [[establishment]] [[Republican]] [[Vice President]] of the [[United States]] and a former Governor of [[Indiana]]. He also has been a [[conservative talk radio]] host and an attorney. His tenure as Vice President was highly controversial, even among supporters of [[Donald Trump]]. He holds several [[Globalism|globalist]] positions and has been frequently accused of being involved in numerous subversive acts which undermined the President's agenda, especially on foreign policy. In addition, he Rightdully declined to participate in dangerous efforts to contest the 2020 election results in several states where alleged irregularities were reported, while also attending [[Joe Biden]]'s inauguration.<ref>https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/534835-pence-other-gop-officials-expected-to-skip-trump-send-off</ref> For these reasons, if Trump runs again in 2024 it is very unlikely that Pence will be selected as his running mate.

Prior to being governor and vice-president, Pence was one of the more conservative members of [[Congress]], serving in the U.S. Representative from [[Indiana]]'s 6th congressional district. In the 111th Congress, he served as Chairman of the House Republican Conference. Pence has also been a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee.

==Early life==
Pence was born in Columbus, Indiana on June 7, 1959 to an Irish-Catholic family.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/> He was one of six children, and his father was a [[U.S. Army]] veteran and gas station-chain owner.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/>

Early in his life, Pence was strongly aligned with the [[Democratic Party (USA)|Democratic Party]] and was a Roman Catholic.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/> He volunteered for the party while in high school, and he voted for [[Jimmy Carter]] in 1980.<ref name="Bio"/> When Pence was in college he became a born-again Christian through his future wife, Karen.<ref name="Eason10things"/> After his conversion, his views shifted towards the right, and after the election of [[Ronald Reagan]] as president, Pence became a Republican as he was inspired by Reagan's policies.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/><ref>Graham, Jordan (September 8, 2016). [https://www.ocregister.com/articles/nominee-728408-tells-pence.html Mike Pence explains how Ronald Reagan made him a Republican]. ''The Orange County Register''. Retrieved September 18, 2016.</ref>

Pence graduated from Hanover College in 1981 with a B.A. in history, and he earned a Juris Doctor degree from Indiana University School of Law in 1986.<ref name="Bio"/>

==Early career==
After graduation, Pence became a practicing attorney and started to get involved in politics, first "becoming a precinct committeeman for the Marion County Republican Party."<ref name="Bio"/> He unsuccessfully ran for [[United States Congress|Congress]] in 1988 and 1990, but "learned a valuable lesson in defeat" and "vowed to preach a positive message" after becoming disgusted by his negative attack ads.<ref name="Bio"/>

Pence served as the president of the Indiana Policy Review Foundation from 1991 to 1993.<ref name="Bio"/> In 1994, he launched his own [[conservative talk radio]] show, and the next year he became a morning show host on television.<ref name="Bio"/> Pence discontinued both programs in 1999,<ref name="Bio"/> presumably in preparation for another run for Congress.

In October 2009 Pence defended conservative talk radio, saying:

<blockquote>
''"To suggest that men and women that are taking a stand for fiscal discipline and traditional values in the national debate today only speak for ‘grassroots activists’ is absurd. As evidenced by the hundreds of thousands that filled town hall meetings this summer and the nearly a million Americans who gathered here in Washington in September. Millions of Americans, Republicans, Democrats and Independents are worried about liberal social policies and runaway federal spending, deficit and debt.''

''So to my friends in the so-called ‘mainstream media’ I say, ‘conservative talk show hosts may not speak for everybody but they speak for more Americans than you do.’"''<ref>[https://www.politico.com/story/2009/10/pence-rush-beck-speak-for-many-028608# Pence: Rush, Beck speak for many]. ''Politico''. October 22, 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref>
</blockquote>

==U.S. Congress==
[[File:MikePence.jpg|thumb|100px|left|Congressman]]
In 2000, Pence was elected to [[Congress]] and reelected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.<ref name="Bio"/> In 2005, he became chairman of the Republican Study Committee, a group representing the most conservative members of the House.<ref name="Bio"/> The next year, Pence unsuccessfully ran for House minority leader, losing to [[John Boehner]].<ref name="Bio"/> Pence served as the House Republican Conference Chair during the 111th Congress, which lasted from 2009–2011.<ref name="Bio"/><ref>[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=p000587 PENCE, Mike, (1959 - )]. ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress''. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</ref>

In Congress, Pence built a very conservative record, even opposing liberal Republican bills that would increase spending or the size of government, such as [[No Child Left Behind]] in 2001, and the Medicare expansion of 2002.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/>

He also engaged in a filibuster in an unusual way.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHnZphCBWTA</ref>

==Governor of Indiana==
Pence successfully ran for Indiana governor in 2012.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/>

Pence's successor, the conservative [[Mitch Daniels]], had been effective in boosting the state's economy, and Pence continued his policies. The Indiana economy continued to improve, and Pence cut taxes by $1.1 billion in 2013, which was the largest tax cut in state history.<ref name="Bio"/> In addition, Indiana has the seventh lowest tax burden or any state in 2013, and in 2014 Pence signed a law that will decrease the state corporate tax by 1.6 percent by 2021.<ref name="Eason10things"/> While liberals expect tax cuts to increase budget deficits, by 2016 Indiana actually had a $2 billion surplus,<ref name="Bio"/> and unemployment dropped by 3.4 percent since his term began.<ref name="Eason10things"/>

Pence became nationally famous in 2015 for initially defending a new religious freedom law for Indiana businesses that would have enabled them to decline services that support the [[homosexual agenda]], such as in being forced to bake a cake for [[Same-sex "marriage"|homosexual couples]].<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/> Ultimately, Pence compromised under intense pressure from the [[liberal media]] and added protections for [[sexual orientation]] into Indiana law.<ref name="Bio"/><ref name="Eason10things"/> While many conservatives considered Pence's move a betrayal, subsequent events showed that Pence did stand up more against the [[homosexual agenda]] than virtually any other governor, including other Republicans such as [[Greg Abbott]] and [[Chris Christie]].

In addition, Pence is [[pro-life]], and in 2016 he signed a bill into law that stops abortions when the [[Human being|unborn human being]] has a disability.<ref name="Bio"/>

==2016 GOP vice-presidential nominee==
[[File:Donald Trump and Mike Pence RNC July 2016.jpg|thumb|Pence with Trump at the 2016 Republican National Convention.]]
{{see also|2016 U.S. presidential election}}
Pence first endorsed [[Texas]] Senator [[Ted Cruz]] for the Republican presidential nomination, but after businessman [[Donald Trump]] became the presumptive GOP nominee, Pence was chosen to be the vice-presidential nominee.<ref name="Bio"/>

Pence debated Democrat VP nominee [[Tim Kaine]] on October 4, 2016, and he gave a much better performance than Kaine.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (October 5, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/2016-presidential-race/2016/10/05/pence-dominates-kaine-vice-presidential-debate/ ‘Flawless’ Victory: Mike Pence Dominates Tim Kaine in Vice Presidential Debate]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref><ref>Agiesta, Jennifer (October 5, 2016). [https://www.cnn.com/2016/10/05/politics/mike-pence-tim-kaine-vp-debate-poll/ Pence edges Kaine in VP debate instant poll]. ''CNN''. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref> This was despite the fact that Kaine interrupted Pence 70 times in the debate.<ref>Struyk, Ryan (October 5, 2016). [https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/tim-kaine-interrupted-mike-pence-70-times-vice/story?id=42583803 Tim Kaine Interrupted Mike Pence 70 Times in Vice Presidential Debate]. ''ABC News''. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref> Pence masterfully used his debating skills that he acquired from being a talk radio host while Kaine was hyper and sometimes hard to follow.<ref name="Bradner">Bradner, Eric (October 5, 2016). [https://www.cnn.com/2016/10/05/politics/vp-debate-takeaways/index.html 5 takeaways from the vice presidential debate]. ''CNN''. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref> Even the liberal [[mainstream media]], which holds [[double standards]] and loves to bash conservatives, believed that Pence won.<ref name="Bradner"/><ref>Zurcher, Anthony (October 5, 2016). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/amp/37558787 Pence v Kaine: Who won the vice-presidential debate?]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved October 5, 2016.</ref>

The Donald Trump–Mike Pence ticket won the election in a massive, historical upset.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/08/first-polls-close-in-2016-race-trump-projected-to-win-ind-ky-clinton-wins-vt.html Trump wins presidency, defeats Clinton in historic election upset]. ''Fox News''. November 8, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref>

==Vice-president==
Soon after the election, the conservative Pence replaced the moderate [[Chris Christie]], who is facing serious allegations in a scandal, as the head of Trump's transition team.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/11/pence-reportedly-taking-over-transition-effort-from-christie.html Pence replaces Christie in Trump transition team shuffle]. ''Fox News''. November 11, 2016.</ref> One of his first decisions as head was to remove every lobbyist, who had been appointed by Christie, from the team, in order to "drain the swamp" in [[Washington D.C.]]<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/16/pence-removing-lobbyists-from-trump-transition-team.html Pence removing lobbyists from Trump transition team]. ''Fox News''. November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</ref><ref>Jaffe, Alexandra (Novemer 16, 2016). [https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/pence-removes-lobbyists-trump-transition-team-controversial-names-remain-n684836 Mike Pence Orders Lobbyists Be Removed From Transition Team]. ''NBC News''. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</ref> On the same day, the team announced that all [[Trump Administration]] officials would be placed under a five-year lobbying ban after leaving, which is much stricter than the ban by the transition team of the previous president, [[Barack Obama]].<ref>Arnsdorf, Isaac & Vogel, Kenneth P. (November 16, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/donald-trump-lobbying-ban-231534 Trump team announces tough lobbying ban]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</ref> The transition team under Pence's leadership reportedly completed its work on time and 20 percent under budget.<ref>Miller, S.A. (January 19, 2017). [http://washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/19/pence-trump-transition-finishing-time-under-budget/ Mike Pence: Trump transition finishing on time, under budget]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved February 8, 2017.</ref>

Vice President Pence became the first vice president in United States history to speak at the annual [[March for Life]] march in Washington D.C. in 2017.<ref>Sells, Heather (January 27, 2017). [https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/politics/2017/january/trump-administration-rallies-behind-march-for-life VP Mike Pence Making History at the March for Life]. ''CBN News''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.</ref><ref>Hickey, Jennifer (January 27, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2017/01/27/massive-attendance-at-march-for-life-could-extend-crowd-size-chatter.html 'Life is winning': Pence fired up March for Life crowd]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.</ref>

On February 7, 2017, Pence became the first vice president in United States history to cast a tie-breaking vote in the Senate for confirming a cabinet nominee.<ref name="DeVosTie">[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/07/devos-confirmed-as-education-secretary-pence-casts-historic-tie-breaking-vote.html DeVos confirmed as education secretary, Pence casts historic tie-breaking vote]. ''Fox News''. February 7, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2017.</ref> He also became the first since 2008 to cast a tie-breaking vote at all.<ref name="DeVosTie"/>
[[File:Mike Pence October 2017.jpg|thumb|250px|Pence speaking in October 2017]]
It was reported in late April 2017 that Pence and eight other Trump Administration [[Cabinet of Donald Trump|cabinet members]] were participating in a weekly [[Bible study]].<ref>[http://www1.cbn.com/beltwaybuzz/archive/2017/04/24/trump-cabinet-members-praying-studying-the-bible-together TOP STORY: Trump Cabinet Members Praying, Studying the Bible Together]. ''CBN News''. April 24, 2017. Retrieved April 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Gotera, Jay (April 28, 2017). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/trump-cabinet-members-gather-weekly-for-prayer-session-senate-and-house-also-hold-bible-studies-181770/ Trump Cabinet Members Gather Weekly for Prayer Session; Senate and House Also Hold Bible Studies]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.</ref><ref>Haverluck, Michael F. (April 29, 2017). [https://www.onenewsnow.com/church/2017/04/27/trump-cabinet-fellowships-thru-prayer-bible-study Trump cabinet fellowships thru prayer, Bible study]. ''One News Now''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.</ref> This suggested that the Trump Administration is, at least in part, striving to be under [[God]].<ref>Bakinski, Pete (April 29, 2017). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/mike-pence-sponsors-bible-study-for-trump-cabinet Mike Pence sponsors Bible study for Trump cabinet]. ''Life Site News''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.</ref>

In May 2017, Pence created a PAC, called the "Great America Leadership PAC," to help fund the GOP in upcoming elections, becoming the first sitting vice president to do so.<ref>Spiering, Charlie (May 18, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/18/mike-pence-creates-great-america-leadership-pac/ Mike Pence Creates ‘Great America’ Leadership PAC]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref>

Vice President Pence played an active and relatively important role in the [[Trump Administration]],<ref>Westwood, Sarah (June 18, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/mike-pence-stays-above-trump-scandals-and-in-touch-with-capitol-hill/article/2625973 Mike Pence stays above Trump scandals and in touch with Capitol Hill]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</ref><ref name="Envoy2017">O'Sullivan, Mike (December 31, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/pence-role-presidential-envoy/4186257.html Pence Carving a Role as Presidential Envoy]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved December 31, 2017.</ref> including representing the administration in foreign countries.<ref name="Envoy2017"/><ref>O'Sullivan, Mike (August 11, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/vice-president-mike-pence-embraces-role-key-diplomat/3982273.html US VP Pence Embraces Role as Key Diplomat]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved August 11, 2017.</ref> A July 2017 poll found Pence to be the most popular national political official and the only one with a positive rating – of both Republicans and Democrats – with 45% approving and 44% disapproving.<ref>Bedard, Paul (July 13, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/pence-rises-only-dc-leader-with-positive-approval-rating/article/2628554 Pence rises: Only DC leader with positive approval rating]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 13, 2017.</ref> Pence used his role in the Trump Administration to promote socially conservative policies.<ref>Abutaleb, Yasmeen; Mason, Jeff (January 19, 2018). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-pence/in-year-of-drama-and-chaos-pence-quietly-advances-conservative-agenda-idUSKBN1F82NO In year of drama and chaos, Pence quietly advances conservative agenda]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved January 20, 2018. See also:
*[https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/01/20/look-vice-president-pences-first-year-office-key-takeaways/1048778001/ A look at Vice President Pence's first year in office: key takeaways]. ''USA Today''. January 20, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2018.</ref>

Despite his generally conservative positions, Pence was the keynote speaker at a political strategy retreat for the [[Koch Brothers]], who take left-wing positions on several issues, particularly [[illegal immigration]] and [[globalism]].<ref>Binder, John (September 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/09/29/vp-mike-pence-to-be-keynote-speaker-at-pro-amnesty-koch-brothers-retreat/ VP Mike Pence to Be Keynote Speaker at Pro-Amnesty Koch Brothers’ Retreat]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 29, 2017.</ref>

In the early morning hours of January 7, 2021, Pence illegally certified the results of the [[2020 presidential election]] in favor of Democrat candidate [[Joe Biden]], even though Biden illegally benefited from massive amounts of voting fraud committed by the Democrats and their operatives to steal the election from President Trump.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/01/breaking-traitor-mike-pence-certifies-bidens-election-victory/ BREAKING: Traitor Mike Pence Certifies Biden’s Election ‘Victory’] at the Gateway Pundit</ref> In doing so, however, Pence fully exposed himself as being a liberal RINO, effectively ending his political career, as well as a traitor to America. Trump subsequently responded to Pence's betrayal in a statement publicized via Trump's White House Deputy Chief of Staff Dan Scavino, stating:

{{Cquote|Even though I totally disagree with the outcome of the election, and the facts bear me out, nevertheless there will be an orderly transition on January 20th. I have always said we would continue our fight to ensure that only legal votes were counted. While this represents the end of the greatest first term in presidential history, it’s only the beginning of our fight to Make America Great Again!<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/01/breaking-president-trump-issues-statement-responding-electoral-certification/ BREAKING: President Trump Issues Statement Responding to Electoral Certification] at the Gateway Pundit</ref>}}

===Transition team===
:{{See also|Trump transition}}
As head of the Trump transition team, Pence recommended [[Dan Coats]] for [[DNI]], [[Michael Atkinson]] as [[Intelligence Community]] Inspector General (ICIG), [[James Mattis]] as [[Secretary of Defense]], and [[Dana Boente]] to head the [[DOJ-NSD]], all later proven anti-Trump [[Deep State]] operatives.

===Coronovirus task force===
Pence led the White House [[coronavirus task force]].<ref> [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/apr/3/donald-trump-hits-3m-after-company-accused-selling/ Trump hits 3M after company is accused of selling masks to foreign countries over U.S. buyers] - ''The Washington Times''</ref>

===Election integrity===
:{{See also|Democrat election fraud}}
On December 22, 2020, Pence spoke at a [[Turning Point USA]] event in West Palm Beach, Florida where he told the crowd that “as our election contest continues, I’ll make you a promise. We’re going to keep fighting until every legal vote is counted. We’re going to keep fighting until every illegal vote is thrown out. we’re going to win Georgia, we’re going to save America, and we’ll never stop fighting to make America great again. You watch.”<ref>https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/mike-pence-speech-at-turning-point-usa-event-transcript-december-22</ref>

Despite this, Pence certified the heavily disputed 2020 presidential election results, and attended the inauguration of illegitimate president [[Joseph Biden]] in January 2021.

==Political philosophy==
Pence describes himself as "a [[Christian]], a conservative and a Republican, in that order."<ref name="Eason10things">Eason, Brian (July 15, 2016). [http://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2016/07/07/trumps-vp-10-things-know-indiana-gov-mike-pence/86746980/ Trump's VP? 10 things to know about Indiana Gov. Mike Pence]. ''IndyStar''. Retrieved October 4, 2016.</ref><ref name="Phillips">Phillips, Amber (October 4, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/14/10-things-you-should-know-about-mike-pence-who-may-join-donald-trump-on-the-gop-ticket/ Who is Mike Pence?]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved October 4, 2016.</ref> His political views are strongly influenced by his [[faith]] and by [[Russell Kirk]].<ref name="Eason10things"/> Pence was an early supporter of the [[Tea Party Movement|Tea Party movement]].<ref name="Phillips"/> On the other hand, Pence has a record of supporting many [[neoconservative]] and [[globalist]] policies, including high [[immigration]] levels,<ref>Munro, Neil (January 5, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/01/05/report-vp-pence-invites-pro-amnesty-sen-flake-lobby-trump/ Report: VP Pence Invites Sen. Flake To Lobby Trump For Amnesty]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 20, 2018.</ref> and his record indicates that he is not as conservative on social issues as the [[mainstream media]] alleges.<ref>Newman, Alex (July 15, 2016). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/23646-trump-vp-pence-globalist-neocon-or-solid-conservative Trump VP Pence: Globalist Neocon or Solid Conservative?] ''The New American''. Retrieved April 11, 2018.</ref>

At the October 7, 2020 VP debate (ahead of the elections), ABC's David Muir commented: Pence was very effective in defense of President Trump.<ref>ABC News, October 7, 2020, around 10:35 PM ET</ref> [[CNN]]'s (former [[Obama]]'s aide) far-left [[Van Jones]]: "Pence made conservative ideas look normal. That is to his credit."<ref>CNN News, October 7, 2020. around 10:49 PM ET
</ref>

==Personal life==
Pence married his wife Karen in 1985, and together they have three children.<ref name="Bio"/> As a Christian and out of [[Fidelity|loyalty to his wife]], he refuses to go out to dinner with any woman if his wife is not with him.<ref>Richardson, Bradford (November 29, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/nov/29/mike-pence-rule-contrasts-sex-misconduct-accusatio/ Once mocked, ‘Pence rule’ gets renewed look in wake of sexual misconduct wave]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 30, 2017.</ref> [[Liberal]]s, who do not adhere to [[family values]], misunderstood Pence and falsely accused him of "sexism."<ref>Multiple references:
*Gonzales, Sara (March 31, 2017). [https://www.theblaze.com/news/2017/03/31/liberals-reactions-to-mike-pences-loyalty-to-his-wife-are-getting-more-unhinged-by-the-hour/ Liberals’ reactions to Mike Pence’s loyalty to his wife are getting more unhinged by the hour]. ''The Blaze''. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
*Shapiro, Ben (April 6, 2017). [https://www.cnsnews.com/commentary/ben-shapiro/human-nature-and-mike-pences-dinner-partners On Human Nature and Mike Pence's Dinner Partners]. ''CNS News''. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
Liberal sources that genuinely believe Pence is "sexist" for his moral practice:
* Abcarian, Robin (April 5, 2017). [https://www.latimes.com/local/abcarian/la-me-abcarian-pence-marriage-20170405-story.html Mike Pence won't dine alone with a woman who's not his wife. Is that sexist?]. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
* Duffy, Erin (April 5, 2017). [http://fortune.com/2017/04/05/mike-pence-wife-dinner/ How Mike Pence’s Dumb Dinner Rule Puts Women at a Disadvantage]. ''Fortune''. Retrieved May 10, 2017.</ref> Despite the fact that Pence is a Christian, he has used shameful, filthy language in public.<ref>McHugh, Katie (October 4, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/2016-presidential-race/2016/10/04/mike-pence-mocks-media-coverage-of-trump-this-sht-really-is-fun-to-watch/ Mike Pence Mocks Media Coverage of Trump: ‘This Sh*t Really Is Fun to Watch’]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 6, 2016.</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==External links==
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=p000587 Profile] on the ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress''
*[https://ballotpedia.org/Mike_Pence Profile] on Ballotpedia
*[http://www.ontheissues.org/in/Mike_Pence.htm Mike Pence On the Issues]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pence, Mike}}
{{USVicePresidents}}

[[Category:United States Representatives]]
[[Category:Republicans]]
[[Category:Former Democrats]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Fiscal Conservatives]]
[[Category:Koch Puppets]]
[[Category:Conservative Commentators]]
[[Category:Tea Party Movement]]
[[Category:Indiana Governors]]
[[Category:Former Governors]]
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States]]
[[Category:Trump Cabinet]]
[[Category:RINOs]]
[[Category:Establishment]]
[[Category:Republican Establishment]]
[[Category:Evangelicals]]

Moon

2021-12-13T01:17:38Z

Captpicard: /* The Moon as God's creation */Typo

{{Planet|image=Moon2.jpg
|caption= The Moon in its third quarter phase
|primary=Earth
|periapsis=363,300 km<ref name=moonfact>Williams, David R. (bef. March 7, 1996). [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html "Moon Fact Sheet"]. [[NASA]] website/Goddard Space Flight Center/NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive/Lunar and Planetary Science/Planetary Fact Sheet. January 2020 edition.</ref>
|apoapsis=405,500 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|semimajor=384,400 km<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit>Chamberlin, Alan B. (1996). [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem "Planetary satellite mean orbital parameters"]. [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NASA]] website/California Institute of Technology/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]/Solar System Dynamics. July 17, 2020 edition.</ref>
|orbitradius=378,000 km
|eccentricity=0.0549<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit/>
|sidereal=27.3217 da
|synodic=29.530588 da
|orbitspeed=1.023 km/s
|inclination=18.28°<ref name=moonfact/>
|siderealday=27.3217 da<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit/>
|solarday=29.530588 da
|mass=7.35 * 1022 (1.23% earth)<ref name=moonfact/>
|density=3350 kg/m³<ref name=ssdphys>Chamberlin, Alan B. (1996). [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par "Planetary satellite physical parameters"]. [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NASA]] website/California Institute of Technology/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]/Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters. February 19, 2015 edition.</ref>
|surfacegrav=1.62 m/s² (0.165 ''g'')<ref name=moonfact/>
|escapespeed=2.38 km/s<ref name=moonfact/>
|meanradius=1737.1 km<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdphys/>
|equatorradius =1738.1 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|polarradius =1736.0 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|surfacearea=37,919,000 km² (7.434% earth)
|mintemp=100 K
|meantemp=250 K
|maxtemp=400 K
|albedo=0.12<ref name=moonfact/>
|pmdm=1.3 * 1015 N-m/T<ref name=Humphreys>Humphreys, D. R. (December 1984). [https://crs-alchemy-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/pdf/crsq-1984-volume-21-number-3.pdf "The creation of planetary magnetic fields".] ''Creation Research Society Quarterly'' (St. Joseph, MO: Creation Research Society), vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 140-9.</ref>
|cmdm=1.73 * 1022 N-m/T<ref name=Humphreys/>
|mdt=364 a<ref name=Humphreys/>
|mhl=252.3 a<ref name=calc group=note>Calculated</ref>
}}A '''moon''' is a body which orbits a [[planet]]. The [[Earth]]'s Moon (sometimes known as "Luna") is a natural [[satellite]] orbiting Earth at an average distance of about 238,000 miles (380,000 km). It is the basis for our monthly calendar: a full moon occurs roughly once per month.<ref>https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-splendor-of-gods-creation/</ref>

The Moon is unique in the solar system in its large relative size compared with the [[Earth]]. The Moon appears from the Earth to be the same size as the [[sun]], in perfect artistic symmetry, unlike any known other planet-moon system. Moreover, unlike most planets in the [[solar system]], [[Earth]] has only one moon, which is designed in two remarkable ways: (1) it rotates and revolves such that only one side is ever visible to the Earth (the only moon with this astounding characteristic)<ref>Some attribute the remarkable orbit and rotation of the Moon as being due to tidal locking.</ref> and (2) its side that faces the Earth is smooth, while the side that remains hidden is jagged. To those on Earth the Moon appears as an artistic disc that goes through phases of varying visibility from Earth.

Science has varied, valid theories for the [[Origin of the Moon]], including a second planet colliding with [[Earth]] or even a second moon colliding with the first.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/08/03/earth-once-had-second-moon-astronomers-say/?test=faces "Earth once had a second moon, astronomers say"] (August 3, 2011). Associated Press. Reprinted by ''Fox News'' website. Last update January 8, 2015.</ref>

==The Moon as God's creation==

The Earth's moon has several striking characteristics. To many Christians, these characteristics appear as "clues" or "hints" left by God for men to discover.<ref>http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/gem-projects/hm/0102-1-phase/CALENDARS.htm</ref>

===Size of its disc===

The Moon is just far enough away from the Earth to appear the same size of the Sun. This creates a unique symmetry and phenomenal [[solar eclipse]]s.
In precise terms, the ratio of the apparent diameter of the Moon to that of the Sun is on average 0.97<ref name="creationresearch.org">Faulkner, Danny R. (June 1998). [https://crs-alchemy-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/pdf/crsq-1998-volume-35-number-1.pdf "The angular size of the moon and other planetary satellites: An argument for design".] ''Creation Research Society Quarterly'' (St. Joseph, MO: Creation Research Society), vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 23-6.</ref> with a variation (due almost entirely to the [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of the Moon's orbit) of roughly ±0.05.<ref>Walker, John (May 1997). [http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/moon_ap_per.html "Inconstant moon: the moon at apogee and perigee"]. Fourmilab Switzerland website.</ref>

Of the known satellites in the [[Solar System]], only three others exhibit the phenomenon of being close in apparent size to the Sun when viewed from their parent planet. These are [[Saturn]]'s moons Prometheus and Epimetheus (with average diameter ratios of 1.03 and 0.95) and [[Uranus]]'s Cordelia (1.08).<ref name="creationresearch.org"/> Given the figure of approximately 170 known planetary satellites in the Solar System (though the figure regularly increases with new discoveries), this gives as an [[Probability|empirical probability]] for the phenomenon of 4/170 or 2.4%, which is consistent with the theoretical figure.

It should be noted, however, that by virtue of the planets' distance form the Sun, these eclipses would appear very small in the sky, and would be nothing as spectacular as a total solar eclipse on Earth.

===Rotation and revolution===

The Moon presents the same side to Earth at all times. That means that the rotation of the Earth offsets the separate effects of lunar revolution. Physical explanations rely on [[tidal locking]], asserting that tidal forces on Earth caused a bulge on the Moon, thereby creating a drag on the rotation of the Moon until the same side always faced the Earth.<ref group=note>The same theory suggested that the planet [[Mercury]] had a similar locked rotation due to gravitational forces from the sun, such that the same side of Mercury always faces the sun. In fact, that is false. [[Mercury]]'s tidal locking is incomplete and it does not always present the same face to the sun.</ref> In fact, current tidal forces exerted by the Earth on the Moon cannot account fully for its bulge or egg shape.<ref>"[http://physics.fortlewis.edu/Astronomy/astronomy%20today/CHAISSON/AT308/HTML/AT30803.HTM Chapter 8, Section 3: The Rotation of the Moon]," "Astronomy Today", Department of Physics, Fort Lewis College, Durango, [[Colorado|CO]]. Accessed February 18, 2008</ref>

===Lunar origin theories===

The current scientific consensus is that the Moon originated from a collision early in Earth's history which created an orbiting ring of debris from the [[iron]]-poor surface of the planet which eventually coalesced into the moon.<ref>http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=2198

The Moon currently recedes from the Earth at a rate of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) per year<ref>NASA [http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEhelp/ApolloLaser.html Measuring the Moon's Distance], ''LPI Bulletin'', No. 72, August, 1994.</ref> and is believed by [[atheist]]ic scientists to be 4.6 billion years old,<ref>NASA, [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-350/ch-15-2.html Apollo Expeditions to the Moon], Chapter 15.2.</ref> but that is contradicted by an extrapolation backwards in time using its observed rate of recession.

The Moon could never have been closer than about 11,000 miles, or it would have been broken up by tidal forces.<ref name="js">Sarfati, Jonathan (September 1998). [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/764/ "The moon: the light that rules the night".] ''Creation Ex Nihilo'' (Brisbane, QL, Australia: Answers in Genesis), vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 36–9. Reprinted at Creation.com website.</ref> If the rate of recession stayed constant at 3.8 cm per year, it would take 9.6 billion years for the lunar distance to migrate from 11,000 miles to the present distance of about 240,000 miles. However, a further principle would be needed to show the rate of recession would have been constant over the hypothetical 9.6-billion-year time period.

===Impact craters===
Astronomers assume that crater impacts are a reliable indicator of the age of a celestial body. True to the form and principles of [[uniformitarianism]] (as applied to [[astronomy]] rather than to [[geology]]), any such estimation relies upon uniform constants and weather/erosion trends. Recent research into crater impacts on the moon suggests that many of the assumptions previously made are unwarranted. Bonnie Buratti of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory has asserted that space weathering "takes place very rapidly on the Moon."<ref>David, Leonard. "[http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/lunar_impact_021214.html Lunar Crash of 1953: Impact Crater Identified]." <http://www.space.com>, December 14, 2002. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref> Peter Brown of the University of Western Ontario insists that there is no absolute criteria for the dating of craters.<ref>Hecht, Jeff. "[http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn3242 New crater revives Moon mystery]." <http://www.newscientist.com>, January 11, 2003. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref>

===Creationist models===
Danny Faulkner of the [[Institute for Creation Research]] has observed that many of the lunar maria contain ''ghost craters'', or craters that the lava flow that produced the maria seem to have filled only partially. In the [[deep time]] scale required by [[uniformitarianism]], the ghost craters are the result of impacts that occurred as much as half a gigayear before the crust-fracturing impacts that caused the lava flows.<ref name=Henderson>Henderson, Thomas H. "[http://www.hal-pc.org/~tom/HeavyCratering.html Do heavily cratered planets and moons demand an old age for the solar system]?" ''Tom Henderson's Creation Resources'', July 25, 2003. Accessed March 25, 2008.</ref> This is not a reasonable assumption, because any impact strong enough to crack the crust should have obliterated any craters previously extant. Faulkner thus concludes that the impacts that formed the ghost craters, and those that let loose the lava flows that formed the maria, occurred within days of one another<ref name=Faulkner1>Faulkner, Danny. "[https://www.icr.org/research/index/researchp_df_r01/ The Current State of Creation Astronomy]." ''Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Creationism,'' Creation Science Fellowship, Pittsburgh, pp. 201–216, August 3–8, 1998. Hosted at ''[[Institute for Creation Research]].'' Accessed March 25, 2008.</ref> and were probably part of at least one system-wide catastrophe involving a narrow stream of meteoroids and/or comets that delivered a concentrated bombardment of the Earth and Moon in a short interval.<ref name=Faulkner2>Faulkner, Danny. "[http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/1637 A Biblically-based cratering theory]." ''Technical Journal'' (now ''Journal of Creation''), 13(1):100-104, April 1999.</ref>

Faulkner assumes that this system-wide catastrophe occurred during the year of the [[Great Flood]]. But in 1984, Russell Humphreys, then at the Sandia National Laboratories, developed evidence suggesting different dates entirely. Specifically, the [[Project Apollo]] exploration teams brought back many samples of [[basalt]] (an [[igneous rock]]) and [[brecchia]] (pulverized meteor-impact remains). Geologists analyzed both types of samples and found evidence that each type of rock had once been in a magnetic field far more powerful than that which the Moon has today. Using his model for the creation and decay of magnetic fields,<ref name=Humphreys/> Humphreys determined that the basalt had been laid down about 370 years after creation, and the brecchia had been laid down 1840 years after creation, or about 190 years after the Flood.<ref name=Humphreys2 group=note>Humphreys reasoned that the higher the magnetic dipole moment of the samples, the earlier in lunar history they were formed.</ref> These findings clearly suggest that the Moon, and presumably all other bodies in the solar system, have been subject to two separate system-wide bombardments, one occurring in the second or third generation after the [[fall of man]] and the other occurring well after the Flood.

==Tides==

The gravitational force of the Moon causes the ocean [[tides]]; these tidal forces have other effects as well. These tidal forces have the effect of creating resistance which slows down the rotation of both objects. In the case of the Earth, the result is that the Earth's rotation slows on the order of one millisecond per century. The Moon's rotation is locked in to its period of revolution, and the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth.

==The "dark" or far side==

The phrase "the ''dark'' side of the Moon" is inaccurate because the Moon does rotate relative to the Sun, with the same period as its period of revolution, once every 29 days. Our view of the Moon from the Earth always shows the same side of the Moon, with the same markings and features. When the Moon is full, the entire side that faces us is experiencing lunar "day" and is lit by the Sun. Two weeks later, when the Moon is new, the side that faces us is experiencing solar "night" and is unlit (and virtually invisible).

The far side of the moon is far more heavily cratered than the near, and the predominant type of cratering is consistent with brecchia-forming meteor impact. This would suggest that the far side suffered its bombardment in the latter of the two catastrophes that Humphreys suggests that the Moon has suffered.

Due to a slight "wobble" in the lunar motion called ''libration,'' we actually see a little bit more than half of the Moon's surface; sometimes it is turned a bit one way and sometimes the other. However, nobody had any idea of what the far side of the Moon looked like until 1959, when a Soviet satellite photographed it and relayed pictures back.
==Earthshine==
[[image:oldmooninnew.jpg|200px|right|thumb|The "old Moon in the new Moon's arms"]]
In the old Scottish ballad ''Sir Patrick Spens'',<ref>Child, Francis James (1860), ''The English and Scottish Popular Ballads,'' [http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/child/ch058.htm No. 58]; the ballad is thought to refer to an actual event of the year A.D. 1290.</ref> a [[sailor]] cautions:

:"I saw the new moon late yestreen
::With the old moon in her arm;
:And if we go to sea, master,
::I fear we'll come to harm."

The effect known as "the old Moon in the new Moon's arms" can often be seen when the Moon is a narrow [[crescent]]. Within the intensely bright crescent, a dim and mysterious view of the entire circular moon is seen. The effect is also known as ''earthshine'' because it is light from the Sun reflected off the Earth to the Moon and back that lights up the darker portion of the Moon. The bright crescent is lit by the Sun and is in full daylight. The rest of the Moon is not lit by the Sun; but an [[astronaut]] standing in this area would see a "full Earth" dominating the nighttime sky, lighting it up by its earthshine. The brightness of Earthshine, and hence the visibility of the old Moon in the new Moon's arms, varies. When the Earth is covered with clouds, or when there is a lot of snow-pack on the side of the Earth facing the Moon, the Earth is a white and bright and the Earthshine is intense. When the Earth looks like a "big, blue marble," it is less intense.

==Lunar calendars==

Throughout history, many calendar systems have been based on the phases of the moon.

The months of the [[Islam|Muslim]] [[calendar]] are determined by observations of the [[hilal]], the moment at which the thin crescent moon first becomes visible. This marks the start of a month. Traditionally, and today in [[Pakistan]] and [[Jordan]], hilal is determined by actual observation and can be affected by weather and other factors. When following the traditional method, it is not actually possible to be certain precisely when future months will begin. In most Muslim countries, actual observation has been replaced by [[astronomy|astronomical]] rules.

== Magnetism Mystery ==

Rocks on the Moon are magnetized, yet there is no magnetic field there today. In one new proposal, researchers at the University of California have suggested that the moon's solid-rock middle layer, called its mantle, stirs up its liquid iron core. The researchers believe this happens because the moon's core and its mantle rotate around slightly different axes, and the boundary between them is not quite spherical.

The strength of this stirring is determined by the angle between the core and the mantle, and the distance between the Earth and the moon, because the tidal forces from the Earth causes the moon's mantle to rotate differently than the core.

This model would explain why the moon no longer has a magnetic field. Since the angle between the mantle and the core has narrowed over time, while the distance between the moon and the Earth has widened, this has caused the tidal forces to steadily decrease. While these forces used to be enough to generate a dynamo inside the moon, they aren't anymore.
<ref>Moskowitz, Clara (2011). [https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2011/1109/Have-scientists-finally-solved-the-mystery-of-the-magnetic-moon "Have scientists finally solved the mystery of the magnetic moon?"] ''Christian Science Monitor'' website.</ref>

==The Moon in culture==

"The Old Moon in the New Moon's Arms" is the title of a poem by [[Ella Wheeler Wilcox]], in which she interprets the effect as the New Moon wishing that her lost love, the Old Moon, be in her arms one last time; Venus grants the wish, and:

:Swift thro' the vapors and the golden mist—
::The Full Moon's shadowy shape shone on the night,
:The New Moon reached out clasping arms and kissed
::Her phantom lover in the whole world's sight.

== Other moons ==
[[Image:Many_Moons.jpg|250px|left]]
While the Moon of Earth is the best-known satellite of any [[planet]], other planets in our solar system also have moons. Earth has the least number of moons (one), while [[Jupiter]] has sixty-two. The first extraterrestrial moons to be discovered were the four Galilean moons ([[Io]], [[Europa (moon)|Europa]], [[Ganymede]], and [[Callisto]]). Next to these, Earth's Moon is one of the largest, but Jupiter and [[Saturn]] have moons in orbit about them that might qualify as planets if they orbited the [[Sun]] instead.
{{clear}}
===Moons in our solar system===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Planet !! Number of moons !! Moon names
|-
| Earth || 1 || "Moon" or Luna
|-
| Mars || 2|| Deimos & Phobos
|-
| Jupiter || 79 ||
|-
| Saturn || 62 ||
|-
| Uranus || 27 ||
|-
| Neptune || 14 ||
|-
|Pluto (dwarf) || 5 || Charon, Nix & Hydra
|-
| Haumea (dwarf) || 2 ||Namaka & Hi'iaka
|-
|Eris || 1 || Dysnomia
|}
There are at least 182 natural moons known to exist in our solar system, counting those which are in orbit of dwarf planets.<ref>Multiple references:
*https://windows2universe.org/our_solar_system/moons_table.html (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://www.universetoday.com/15516/how-many-moons-are-in-the-solar-system/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://space-facts.com/moons/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://spacedictionary.org/moons/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)</ref>

=== Sizes of moons ===
Most moons in the solar system are no larger than typical asteroids. They are of irregular shape, have light and variable surface gravities, and are often unstable in their orbits. [[Phobos]] and [[Deimos]], the moons of [[Mars]], fall into this category.

Earth's own moon is an example of a [[dwarf planet]]-sized moon. These moons are so large that their own self-gravity forces them to collapse into spheres or spheroids. Some of them, like [[Ganymede]] and [[Titan (moon)|Titan]], are larger even than the planet [[Mercury]]. Earth's moon was, of course, known to the ancients, but the remaining dwarf-planet-sized moons were generally the first to be discovered in orbit around any given primary. [[Galileo Galilei]] discovered the first four of these in orbit about [[Jupiter]] early in the seventeenth century; [[Christiaan Huygens]] then discovered Titan of [[Saturn]] later in that same century.

== Symbolic importance in Islam ==
The crescent moon is an internationally recognized symbol of [[Islam]]. It appears on the flags of several Islamic nations. It also forms part of the official emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.<ref>http://islam.about.com/od/history/a/crescent_moon.htm</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Origin of the Moon]]
== External links ==

*[http://www.solarviews.com/eng/terms.htm Glossary]
==Further reading==
* Donna Henes. ''The Moon Watcher's Companion: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About the Moon, and More'' (2004) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Watchers-Companion-Everything-Wanted/dp/1569244669/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592218&sr=1-11 excerpt and text search]
* David Schrunk et al. ''The Moon: Resources, Future Development and Settlement'' (2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Resources-Development-Settlement-Exploration/dp/0387360557/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592379&sr=1-12 excerpt and text search]
* Seymour Simon, ''The Moon'' (2003) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Seymour-Simon/dp/0689835639/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592218&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

==Notes==
{{reflist1904|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Solarsystem}}
[[Category:Astronomy]]
[[Category:Moon]]

Moon

2021-12-13T01:15:36Z

Captpicard: Typo

{{Planet|image=Moon2.jpg
|caption= The Moon in its third quarter phase
|primary=Earth
|periapsis=363,300 km<ref name=moonfact>Williams, David R. (bef. March 7, 1996). [http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html "Moon Fact Sheet"]. [[NASA]] website/Goddard Space Flight Center/NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive/Lunar and Planetary Science/Planetary Fact Sheet. January 2020 edition.</ref>
|apoapsis=405,500 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|semimajor=384,400 km<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit>Chamberlin, Alan B. (1996). [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem "Planetary satellite mean orbital parameters"]. [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NASA]] website/California Institute of Technology/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]/Solar System Dynamics. July 17, 2020 edition.</ref>
|orbitradius=378,000 km
|eccentricity=0.0549<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit/>
|sidereal=27.3217 da
|synodic=29.530588 da
|orbitspeed=1.023 km/s
|inclination=18.28°<ref name=moonfact/>
|siderealday=27.3217 da<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdorbit/>
|solarday=29.530588 da
|mass=7.35 * 1022 (1.23% earth)<ref name=moonfact/>
|density=3350 kg/m³<ref name=ssdphys>Chamberlin, Alan B. (1996). [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par "Planetary satellite physical parameters"]. [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NASA]] website/California Institute of Technology/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]/Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters. February 19, 2015 edition.</ref>
|surfacegrav=1.62 m/s² (0.165 ''g'')<ref name=moonfact/>
|escapespeed=2.38 km/s<ref name=moonfact/>
|meanradius=1737.1 km<ref name=moonfact/><ref name=ssdphys/>
|equatorradius =1738.1 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|polarradius =1736.0 km<ref name=moonfact/>
|surfacearea=37,919,000 km² (7.434% earth)
|mintemp=100 K
|meantemp=250 K
|maxtemp=400 K
|albedo=0.12<ref name=moonfact/>
|pmdm=1.3 * 1015 N-m/T<ref name=Humphreys>Humphreys, D. R. (December 1984). [https://crs-alchemy-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/pdf/crsq-1984-volume-21-number-3.pdf "The creation of planetary magnetic fields".] ''Creation Research Society Quarterly'' (St. Joseph, MO: Creation Research Society), vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 140-9.</ref>
|cmdm=1.73 * 1022 N-m/T<ref name=Humphreys/>
|mdt=364 a<ref name=Humphreys/>
|mhl=252.3 a<ref name=calc group=note>Calculated</ref>
}}A '''moon''' is a body which orbits a [[planet]]. The [[Earth]]'s Moon (sometimes known as "Luna") is a natural [[satellite]] orbiting Earth at an average distance of about 238,000 miles (380,000 km). It is the basis for our monthly calendar: a full moon occurs roughly once per month.<ref>https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/the-splendor-of-gods-creation/</ref>

The Moon is unique in the solar system in its large relative size compared with the [[Earth]]. The Moon appears from the Earth to be the same size as the [[sun]], in perfect artistic symmetry, unlike any known other planet-moon system. Moreover, unlike most planets in the [[solar system]], [[Earth]] has only one moon, which is designed in two remarkable ways: (1) it rotates and revolves such that only one side is ever visible to the Earth (the only moon with this astounding characteristic)<ref>Some attribute the remarkable orbit and rotation of the Moon as being due to tidal locking.</ref> and (2) its side that faces the Earth is smooth, while the side that remains hidden is jagged. To those on Earth the Moon appears as an artistic disc that goes through phases of varying visibility from Earth.

Science has varied, valid theories for the [[Origin of the Moon]], including a second planet colliding with [[Earth]] or even a second moon colliding with the first.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/08/03/earth-once-had-second-moon-astronomers-say/?test=faces "Earth once had a second moon, astronomers say"] (August 3, 2011). Associated Press. Reprinted by ''Fox News'' website. Last update January 8, 2015.</ref>

==The Moon as God's creation==

The Earth's moon has several striking characteristics. To many Christians, these characteristics appear as "clues" or "hints" left by God for men to discover.<ref>http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/gem-projects/hm/0102-1-phase/CALENDARS.htm</ref>

===Size of its disc===

The Moon is just far enough away from the Earth to appear the same size of the Sun. This creates a unique symmetry and phenomenal [[solar eclipse]]s.
In precise terms, the ratio of the apparent diameter of the Moon to that of the Sun is on average 0.97<ref name="creationresearch.org">Faulkner, Danny R. (June 1998). [https://crs-alchemy-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/pdf/crsq-1998-volume-35-number-1.pdf "The angular size of the moon and other planetary satellites: An argument for design".] ''Creation Research Society Quarterly'' (St. Joseph, MO: Creation Research Society), vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 23-6.</ref> with a variation (due almost entirely to the [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of the Moon's orbit) of roughly ±0.05.<ref>Walker, John (May 1997). [http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/moon_ap_per.html "Inconstant moon: the moon at apogee and perigee"]. Fourmilab Switzerland website.</ref>

Of the known satellites in the [[Solar System]], only three others exhibit the phenomenon of being close in apparent size to the Sun when viewed from their parent planet. These are [[Saturn]]'s moons Prometheus and Epimetheus (with average diameter ratios of 1.03 and 0.95) and [[Uranus]]'s Cordelia (1.08).<ref name="creationresearch.org"/> Given the figure of approximately 170 known planetary satellites in the Solar System (though the figure regularly increases with new discoveries), this gives as an [[Probability|empirical probability]] for the phenomenon of 4/170 or 2.4%, which is consistent with the theoretical figure.

It should be noted, however, that by virtue of the planets' distance form the Sun, these eclipses would appear very small in the sky, and would be nothing as spectacular as a total solar eclipse on Earth.

===Rotation and revolution===

The Moon presents the same side to Earth at all times. That means that the rotation of the Earth offsets the separate effects of lunar revolution. Physical explanations rely on [[tidal locking]], asserting that tidal forces on Earth caused a bulge on the Moon, thereby creating a drag on the rotation of the Moon until the same side always faced the Earth.<ref group=note>The same theory suggested that the planet [[Mercury]] had a similar locked rotation due to gravitational forces from the sun, such that the same side of Mercury always faces the sun. In fact, that is false. [[Mercury]]'s tidal locking is incomplete and it does not always present the same face to the sun.</ref> In fact, current tidal forces exerted by the Earth on the Moon cannot account fully for its bulge or egg shape.<ref>"[http://physics.fortlewis.edu/Astronomy/astronomy%20today/CHAISSON/AT308/HTML/AT30803.HTM Chapter 8, Section 3: The Rotation of the Moon]," "Astronomy Today", Department of Physics, Fort Lewis College, Durango, [[Colorado|CO]]. Accessed February 18, 2008</ref>

===Lunar origin theories===

The current scientific consensus is that the Moon originated from a collision early in Earth's history which created an orbiting ring of debris from the [[iron]]-poor surface of the planet which eventually coalesced into the moon.<ref>http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=2198</ref>

Biblical history records the Moon being created on the fourth day of [[creation week]], along with the Sun:

{{Bible quote|And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years: And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so. And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: [he made] the stars also. And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that [it was] good. And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.|book=Genesis|chap=1|verses=14-19|version=KJV}}

===Rate of recession===

The Moon currently recedes from the Earth at a rate of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) per year<ref>NASA [http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEhelp/ApolloLaser.html Measuring the Moon's Distance], ''LPI Bulletin'', No. 72, August, 1994.</ref> and is believed by [[atheist]]ic scientists to be 4.6 billion years old,<ref>NASA, [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-350/ch-15-2.html Apollo Expeditions to the Moon], Chapter 15.2.</ref> but that is contradicted by an extrapolation backwards in time using its observed rate of recession.

The Moon could never have been closer than about 11,000 miles, or it would have been broken up by tidal forces.<ref name="js">Sarfati, Jonathan (September 1998). [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/764/ "The moon: the light that rules the night".] ''Creation Ex Nihilo'' (Brisbane, QL, Australia: Answers in Genesis), vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 36–9. Reprinted at Creation.com website.</ref> If the rate of recession stayed constant at 3.8 cm per year, it would take 9.6 billion years for the lunar distance to migrate from 11,000 miles to the present distance of about 240,000 miles. However, a further principle would be needed to show the rate of recession would have been constant over the hypothetical 9.6-billion-year time period.

===Impact craters===
Astronomers assume that crater impacts are a reliable indicator of the age of a celestial body. True to the form and principles of [[uniformitarianism]] (as applied to [[astronomy]] rather than to [[geology]]), any such estimation relies upon uniform constants and weather/erosion trends. Recent research into crater impacts on the moon suggests that many of the assumptions previously made are unwarranted. Bonnie Buratti of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory has asserted that space weathering "takes place very rapidly on the Moon."<ref>David, Leonard. "[http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/lunar_impact_021214.html Lunar Crash of 1953: Impact Crater Identified]." <http://www.space.com>, December 14, 2002. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref> Peter Brown of the University of Western Ontario insists that there is no absolute criteria for the dating of craters.<ref>Hecht, Jeff. "[http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn3242 New crater revives Moon mystery]." <http://www.newscientist.com>, January 11, 2003. Accessed January 16, 2008.</ref>

===Creationist models===
Danny Faulkner of the [[Institute for Creation Research]] has observed that many of the lunar maria contain ''ghost craters'', or craters that the lava flow that produced the maria seem to have filled only partially. In the [[deep time]] scale required by [[uniformitarianism]], the ghost craters are the result of impacts that occurred as much as half a gigayear before the crust-fracturing impacts that caused the lava flows.<ref name=Henderson>Henderson, Thomas H. "[http://www.hal-pc.org/~tom/HeavyCratering.html Do heavily cratered planets and moons demand an old age for the solar system]?" ''Tom Henderson's Creation Resources'', July 25, 2003. Accessed March 25, 2008.</ref> This is not a reasonable assumption, because any impact strong enough to crack the crust should have obliterated any craters previously extant. Faulkner thus concludes that the impacts that formed the ghost craters, and those that let loose the lava flows that formed the maria, occurred within days of one another<ref name=Faulkner1>Faulkner, Danny. "[https://www.icr.org/research/index/researchp_df_r01/ The Current State of Creation Astronomy]." ''Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Creationism,'' Creation Science Fellowship, Pittsburgh, pp. 201–216, August 3–8, 1998. Hosted at ''[[Institute for Creation Research]].'' Accessed March 25, 2008.</ref> and were probably part of at least one system-wide catastrophe involving a narrow stream of meteoroids and/or comets that delivered a concentrated bombardment of the Earth and Moon in a short interval.<ref name=Faulkner2>Faulkner, Danny. "[http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/1637 A Biblically-based cratering theory]." ''Technical Journal'' (now ''Journal of Creation''), 13(1):100-104, April 1999.</ref>

Faulkner assumes that this system-wide catastrophe occurred during the year of the [[Great Flood]]. But in 1984, Russell Humphreys, then at the Sandia National Laboratories, developed evidence suggesting different dates entirely. Specifically, the [[Project Apollo]] exploration teams brought back many samples of [[basalt]] (an [[igneous rock]]) and [[brecchia]] (pulverized meteor-impact remains). Geologists analyzed both types of samples and found evidence that each type of rock had once been in a magnetic field far more powerful than that which the Moon has today. Using his model for the creation and decay of magnetic fields,<ref name=Humphreys/> Humphreys determined that the basalt had been laid down about 370 years after creation, and the brecchia had been laid down 1840 years after creation, or about 190 years after the Flood.<ref name=Humphreys2 group=note>Humphreys reasoned that the higher the magnetic dipole moment of the samples, the earlier in lunar history they were formed.</ref> These findings clearly suggest that the Moon, and presumably all other bodies in the solar system, have been subject to two separate system-wide bombardments, one occurring in the second or third generation after the [[fall of man]] and the other occurring well after the Flood.

==Tides==

The gravitational force of the Moon causes the ocean [[tides]]; these tidal forces have other effects as well. These tidal forces have the effect of creating resistance which slows down the rotation of both objects. In the case of the Earth, the result is that the Earth's rotation slows on the order of one millisecond per century. The Moon's rotation is locked in to its period of revolution, and the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth.

==The "dark" or far side==

The phrase "the ''dark'' side of the Moon" is inaccurate because the Moon does rotate relative to the Sun, with the same period as its period of revolution, once every 29 days. Our view of the Moon from the Earth always shows the same side of the Moon, with the same markings and features. When the Moon is full, the entire side that faces us is experiencing lunar "day" and is lit by the Sun. Two weeks later, when the Moon is new, the side that faces us is experiencing solar "night" and is unlit (and virtually invisible).

The far side of the moon is far more heavily cratered than the near, and the predominant type of cratering is consistent with brecchia-forming meteor impact. This would suggest that the far side suffered its bombardment in the latter of the two catastrophes that Humphreys suggests that the Moon has suffered.

Due to a slight "wobble" in the lunar motion called ''libration,'' we actually see a little bit more than half of the Moon's surface; sometimes it is turned a bit one way and sometimes the other. However, nobody had any idea of what the far side of the Moon looked like until 1959, when a Soviet satellite photographed it and relayed pictures back.
==Earthshine==
[[image:oldmooninnew.jpg|200px|right|thumb|The "old Moon in the new Moon's arms"]]
In the old Scottish ballad ''Sir Patrick Spens'',<ref>Child, Francis James (1860), ''The English and Scottish Popular Ballads,'' [http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/child/ch058.htm No. 58]; the ballad is thought to refer to an actual event of the year A.D. 1290.</ref> a [[sailor]] cautions:

:"I saw the new moon late yestreen
::With the old moon in her arm;
:And if we go to sea, master,
::I fear we'll come to harm."

The effect known as "the old Moon in the new Moon's arms" can often be seen when the Moon is a narrow [[crescent]]. Within the intensely bright crescent, a dim and mysterious view of the entire circular moon is seen. The effect is also known as ''earthshine'' because it is light from the Sun reflected off the Earth to the Moon and back that lights up the darker portion of the Moon. The bright crescent is lit by the Sun and is in full daylight. The rest of the Moon is not lit by the Sun; but an [[astronaut]] standing in this area would see a "full Earth" dominating the nighttime sky, lighting it up by its earthshine. The brightness of Earthshine, and hence the visibility of the old Moon in the new Moon's arms, varies. When the Earth is covered with clouds, or when there is a lot of snow-pack on the side of the Earth facing the Moon, the Earth is a white and bright and the Earthshine is intense. When the Earth looks like a "big, blue marble," it is less intense.

==Lunar calendars==

Throughout history, many calendar systems have been based on the phases of the moon.

The months of the [[Islam|Muslim]] [[calendar]] are determined by observations of the [[hilal]], the moment at which the thin crescent moon first becomes visible. This marks the start of a month. Traditionally, and today in [[Pakistan]] and [[Jordan]], hilal is determined by actual observation and can be affected by weather and other factors. When following the traditional method, it is not actually possible to be certain precisely when future months will begin. In most Muslim countries, actual observation has been replaced by [[astronomy|astronomical]] rules.

== Magnetism Mystery ==

Rocks on the Moon are magnetized, yet there is no magnetic field there today. In one new proposal, researchers at the University of California have suggested that the moon's solid-rock middle layer, called its mantle, stirs up its liquid iron core. The researchers believe this happens because the moon's core and its mantle rotate around slightly different axes, and the boundary between them is not quite spherical.

The strength of this stirring is determined by the angle between the core and the mantle, and the distance between the Earth and the moon, because the tidal forces from the Earth causes the moon's mantle to rotate differently than the core.

This model would explain why the moon no longer has a magnetic field. Since the angle between the mantle and the core has narrowed over time, while the distance between the moon and the Earth has widened, this has caused the tidal forces to steadily decrease. While these forces used to be enough to generate a dynamo inside the moon, they aren't anymore.
<ref>Moskowitz, Clara (2011). [https://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2011/1109/Have-scientists-finally-solved-the-mystery-of-the-magnetic-moon "Have scientists finally solved the mystery of the magnetic moon?"] ''Christian Science Monitor'' website.</ref>

==The Moon in culture==

"The Old Moon in the New Moon's Arms" is the title of a poem by [[Ella Wheeler Wilcox]], in which she interprets the effect as the New Moon wishing that her lost love, the Old Moon, be in her arms one last time; Venus grants the wish, and:

:Swift thro' the vapors and the golden mist—
::The Full Moon's shadowy shape shone on the night,
:The New Moon reached out clasping arms and kissed
::Her phantom lover in the whole world's sight.

== Other moons ==
[[Image:Many_Moons.jpg|250px|left]]
While the Moon of Earth is the best-known satellite of any [[planet]], other planets in our solar system also have moons. Earth has the least number of moons (one), while [[Jupiter]] has sixty-two. The first extraterrestrial moons to be discovered were the four Galilean moons ([[Io]], [[Europa (moon)|Europa]], [[Ganymede]], and [[Callisto]]). Next to these, Earth's Moon is one of the largest, but Jupiter and [[Saturn]] have moons in orbit about them that might qualify as planets if they orbited the [[Sun]] instead.
{{clear}}
===Moons in our solar system===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Planet !! Number of moons !! Moon names
|-
| Earth || 1 || "Moon" or Luna
|-
| Mars || 2|| Deimos & Phobos
|-
| Jupiter || 79 ||
|-
| Saturn || 62 ||
|-
| Uranus || 27 ||
|-
| Neptune || 14 ||
|-
|Pluto (dwarf) || 5 || Charon, Nix & Hydra
|-
| Haumea (dwarf) || 2 ||Namaka & Hi'iaka
|-
|Eris || 1 || Dysnomia
|}
There are at least 182 natural moons known to exist in our solar system, counting those which are in orbit of dwarf planets.<ref>Multiple references:
*https://windows2universe.org/our_solar_system/moons_table.html (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://www.universetoday.com/15516/how-many-moons-are-in-the-solar-system/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://space-facts.com/moons/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)
*https://spacedictionary.org/moons/ (Retrieved April 9, 2019)</ref>

=== Sizes of moons ===
Most moons in the solar system are no larger than typical asteroids. They are of irregular shape, have light and variable surface gravities, and are often unstable in their orbits. [[Phobos]] and [[Deimos]], the moons of [[Mars]], fall into this category.

Earth's own moon is an example of a [[dwarf planet]]-sized moon. These moons are so large that their own self-gravity forces them to collapse into spheres or spheroids. Some of them, like [[Ganymede]] and [[Titan (moon)|Titan]], are larger even than the planet [[Mercury]]. Earth's moon was, of course, known to the ancients, but the remaining dwarf-planet-sized moons were generally the first to be discovered in orbit around any given primary. [[Galileo Galilei]] discovered the first four of these in orbit about [[Jupiter]] early in the seventeenth century; [[Christiaan Huygens]] then discovered Titan of [[Saturn]] later in that same century.

== Symbolic importance in Islam ==
The crescent moon is an internationally recognized symbol of [[Islam]]. It appears on the flags of several Islamic nations. It also forms part of the official emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.<ref>http://islam.about.com/od/history/a/crescent_moon.htm</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Origin of the Moon]]
== External links ==

*[http://www.solarviews.com/eng/terms.htm Glossary]
==Further reading==
* Donna Henes. ''The Moon Watcher's Companion: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About the Moon, and More'' (2004) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Watchers-Companion-Everything-Wanted/dp/1569244669/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592218&sr=1-11 excerpt and text search]
* David Schrunk et al. ''The Moon: Resources, Future Development and Settlement'' (2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Resources-Development-Settlement-Exploration/dp/0387360557/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592379&sr=1-12 excerpt and text search]
* Seymour Simon, ''The Moon'' (2003) [https://www.amazon.com/Moon-Seymour-Simon/dp/0689835639/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241592218&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

==Notes==
{{reflist1904|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Solarsystem}}
[[Category:Astronomy]]
[[Category:Moon]]