Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Symmetric group

2011-02-13T01:48:42Z

CSGuy:

A '''symmetric group''' is, simply stated, the collection of all permutations of a set. This concept has many applications in [[group theory]] of mathematics, along with one of its great unsolved problems.

==Examples==

The symmetric [[Group (Mathematics)|group]] on a set of N points is often written <math>\mathbb{S}_n \ </math> and has <math>n! \ </math> elements. Each element of a symmetric group is a way of re-arranging the points: for example, it is possible to re-arrange the points ABCD into so they read BCDA - this is an element of <math>\mathbb{S}_4 \ </math>, and it is written <math>(1432) \ </math>, because the first point went to the fourth position (ie, <math>1 \rightarrow 4 \ </math>), the fourth point went to the third position (ie, <math>4 \rightarrow 3 \ </math>), the third point went to the second position, and the second point went to the first position.
[[Category:mathematics]]

==Group Structure==

The operation of the symmetric group is re-arrangement composition: for example, the "product" of <math>(1327) \ </math> and <math>(2534) \ </math> in <math>\mathbb{S}_7 \ </math> would be computed as so:

<math>A B C D E F G \ </math>

becomes, under <math>(1327) \ </math>,

<math>G C A D E F B \ </math>,

and once we perform <math>(2534) \ </math> on this string, it becomes

<math>G D E A C F B \ </math>.

In this final arrangement, A has ended up at position 4 (ie, <math>1 \rightarrow 4 \ </math>), D has ended up at position 2, and so on, until we discover the product of the two permutations to be <math>(1427)(35) \ </math>.

==Properties==

The symmetric group contains several subgroups: notably, <math>\mathbb{S}_n \ </math> contains every symmetric group <math>\mathbb{S}_m \ </math> as a subgroup so long as <math>m \leq n \ </math>. The symmetric group also contains as a subgroup the alternating group <math>\mathbb{A}_n \ </math>, which consists only of even permutations on n points.

The symmetric group is non-abelian - that is, there exist <math>a,b</math> such that <math>a*b \neq b*a \ </math> in the symmetric group.

== Unsolved Problem ==

A proposition known as "Netto's conjecture" (proven by Dixon in 1969) states that the probability that two elements P1 and P2 of a symmetric group can [[Group Generator|generate]] the entire group approaches 3/4 as n increases to infinity. But a prominent unsolved problem in group theory is to find a general formula for the probability that two randomly selected elements generating the symmetric group on n points.<ref>http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SymmetricGroup.html</ref>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

User:CSGuy

2011-01-20T02:21:52Z

CSGuy:

{{userboxtop|Things}}
{{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=m |info=This user knows how to use "Show preview".}}
{{User CPLeader|the Flying Spaghetti Monster}}
{{User Atheist}}
{{User C}}
{{User coder}}
{{User comp-6}}
{{User LaTeX}}
{{User mac}}
{{user Evo}}
{{user bigbang}}
{{user evolutionScience}}
{{user noforcedreligion}}
{{user Bible just book}}
{{user JesusTeachings}}
{{user Interest}}
{{user Geek}}
{{user pubschool}}
{{user gay rights}}
{{user cows tasty}}
{{userboxbottom}}
I am an atheist, an agnostic, or just nonreligious. Choose whichever you want; I really don't care. I don't vote. If you made me place a name on the few political beliefs I hold, it would probably be "liberal." Call me liberal if you want; I really don't care. I accept evolution as fact. I do not feel obligated to answer any questions placed on my talk page.

I will not try to force my beliefs on others. I will, however, remove crap. Do not try to force your beliefs on me. Feel free to remove crap I add.

No, I will not argue any of this.

It is my opinion that many of the major articles here (particular examples: [[Atheism]], [[Homosexuality]], Bias in Wikipedia, all of the liberal- and atheist-bashing articles) are crap and should be thrown out or completely rewritten.

My usual disclaimers: If I edit a talk page, I will not feel obligated to respond to any responses. If I want to answer, I will, if I don't, I won't.

A link: http://punditkitchen.com/2008/09/26/political-pictures-abraham-lincoln-illinois-senator/
(The caption isn't quite correct, but the point is still valid.)

User:CSGuy

2011-01-20T02:21:03Z

CSGuy:

{{userboxtop|Things}}
{{Userbox |border-c=#000 |border-s=1 |id-c=#fff |id-s=12 |id-fc=#000 |info-c=#039 |info-s=8 |info-fc=#fff |id=m |info=This user knows how to use "Show preview".}}
{{User CPLeader|the Flying Spaghetti Monster}}
{{User Atheist}}
{{User C}}
{{User coder}}
{{User comp-6}}
{{User LaTeX}}
{{User mac}}
{{user Evo}}
{{user bigbang}}
{{user evolutionScience}}
{{user noforcedreligion}}
{{user Bible just book}}
{{user JesusTeachings}}
{{user Interest}}
{{user Geek}}
{{user pubschool}}
{{user gay rights}}
{{user cows tasty}}
{{User No CP Barnstars}}
{{userboxbottom}}
I am an atheist, an agnostic, or just nonreligious. Choose whichever you want; I really don't care. I don't vote. If you made me place a name on the few political beliefs I hold, it would probably be "liberal." Call me liberal if you want; I really don't care. I accept evolution as fact. I do not feel obligated to answer any questions placed on my talk page.

I will not try to force my beliefs on others. I will, however, remove crap. Do not try to force your beliefs on me. Feel free to remove crap I add.

No, I will not argue any of this.

It is my opinion that many of the major articles here (particular examples: [[Atheism]], [[Homosexuality]], Bias in Wikipedia, all of the liberal- and atheist-bashing articles) are crap and should be thrown out or completely rewritten.

My usual disclaimers: If I edit a talk page, I will not feel obligated to respond to any responses. If I want to answer, I will, if I don't, I won't.

A link: http://punditkitchen.com/2008/09/26/political-pictures-abraham-lincoln-illinois-senator/
(The caption isn't quite correct, but the point is still valid.)

Bean

2011-01-16T23:23:39Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
[[Image:DarkRedKidney.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Dark red kidney beans]]
A '''bean''' (''Phaseolus vulgaris'') is a large [[plant]] [[seed]] belonging to the family ''[[Fabaceae]]'', formerly referred to as ''[[Leguminosae]]''. Beans originated in the Americas, but spread to the [[Old World]] as a result of the [[Columbian Exchange]].

There are many types of beans, including:
*Kidney beans
*[[Lima beans]]
*Navy beans
*Great northern beans
*Pinto beans

[[Category:Botany]]
[[Category:Agriculture]]
[[Category:Vegetables]]

CD Numancia

2011-01-16T23:23:23Z

CSGuy:

'''Numancia''' is a [[Spanish]] [[soccer]] team playing in [[La Liga]]. The club plays in its namesake town. The current manager is Sergije Kresic<ref>www.gfdb.com/Club.851.Numancia.aspx</ref>, and the current sponsor is Caja Duervo.

==Roster==
===Goalkeepers===
*1 Juan Pablo
*13 Diego de Miguel
*25 Marian Kelemen

===Defenders===
*2 Juan Ramón Cabrero Oliver
*5 Domingo Cisma
*14 Raúl Bravo
*15 Felipe Guréndez
*18 Egoitz Jaio
*20 Sergio Boris
*22 Manuel Pavón
*23 Sergio Ortega

===Midfielders===
*3 Bellvís
*4 Dimas
*6 Txomin Nagore
*7 Mario Martínez Rubio
*8 César Palacios
*10 Juan Carlos Moreno
*17 José Barkero
*31 Nando Christiano
*-- Álvaro Antón
*-- Alberto Montejo

===Strikers===
*9 Roberto Platero
*11 Javier del Pino
*12 Asier Goiria
*16 Antonio Guayre
*19 Juan Quero
*21 Carlos Aranda
*24 Gorka Brit
*-- Lago Júnior
*-- Diego Ferro

==Notable Former Players==
*ST [[Lee Chun-Soo]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Spanish Soccer]]
[[Category:La Liga teams]]

Pottery

2011-01-16T23:22:08Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''Pottery''' is the craft of creating objects from [[clay]], which are then fired (baked) in an oven or [[kiln]] to become hard. The word also refers to the objects. Household items such as plates, cups, saucers, bowls and dishes, jars and vases are frequently made of pottery, as are ornaments and figurines, and electrical components such as [[capacitor]]s. Pottery is often [[glaze]]d before firing, to make it impervious to water and other liquids, and for decorative purposes.

[[Category:Art]]

Salt March

2011-01-16T22:35:51Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
The '''Salt March''' was an act of protest led by [[Mohandas K. Gandhi]] in 1930. He led a group of [[India]]ns two hundred forty miles to the sea so they could obtain salt from the sea water instead of buying it from the [[British]]. The Salt March peacefully disobeyed the British laws and created much publicity. At that time it was illegal for workers to make their own salt or sell it because of the British salt tax. This allowed Britain to have a complete [[monopoly]]. Ghandi did not let women come on the march because he felt that women would not provoke law enforcers like the men would. In the end Gandhi was thrown into a prison already full with other protesters.

[[category:Indian History]]
[[category:Tax Revolts]]

Madeleine Albright

2011-01-16T22:33:46Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''Madeleine Korbel Albright''', (born '''Marie Jana Korbelova''' on May 15, 1937 in Prague, [[Czechoslovakia]]) served as the 64th US [[Secretary of State]] under President [[Bill Clinton]] from 1997 to 2001. Prior to this, she had served as US Ambassador to the [[United Nations]] from 1993 to 1997. Of Jewish descent, her parents converted to [[Catholicism]] to avoid persecution in what was to become a [[Nazi]] dominated [[Czechoslovakia]]. In 1948 the family moved to America after fleeing to London in 1939.

Albright made history as she became the first female Secretary of State.
[[Category:United States Appointed Officials]]

Film music

2011-01-16T22:31:25Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''Film music''' is [[music]] that may be added to [[film]]s in order to supply an "atmosphere", or to tell the audience something extra about what is happening on the screen. For example, a sudden and frightening event on the screen can be made all the more terrifying if accompanied by a sudden and frightening sound. A cleverly orchestrated chord can seem like a swipe over the head. Furthermore, it is perfectly possible for the music to contradict what is happening on the screen. For example, if the picture shows a quiet country lane and the director wants you to know that something unpleasant is about to happen, the music can suggest this feeling quite easily.

The importance of music was realised from the early days of film. In the silent film era, performances were accompanied by the piano, or in larger cinemas, by a small orchestra. The music was either made up on the spot by the pianist or selected from a library of suitable pieces.

==== Writing the film score ====

In writing a film score the composer can adopt two basic approaches. Either he can write music which suggests the general mood of each scene, or he can write music which underlines every detail of what is happening. If the composer takes the first line of approach all he needs to know is the length (in seconds) of each scene and what the mood is supposed to be. If he takes the second line, he will need to know not only the length of each scene, but the exact moment (to the split second) when each event occurs.

The composer will see the film several times and be given a detailed "cue sheet", showing each shot, its length and the exact moment when events take place. All this can be worked out to the split-second by counting the number of "frames" (each individual photo-picture) in each scene and working out a timing. The composer can then calculate how many bars of music he needs, what the music should be like and at exactly which bar his "musical event" will take place.

[[Category:Musical terms]]

Superior Court

2011-01-16T22:26:43Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''Superior Courts''' are [[state court|state judicial bodies]] in the [[United States of America]]. In states that have them, they are generally a trial level or first appellate court.

In [[California]], the Superior Court is a first instance trial court. All state judicial matters begin in a Superior Court, and this level is where most matters are dealt with, making Superior Courts the largest part of the [[California Judiciary]]. There are 58 Superior Courts, or one for each county. Judges are elected for six year terms by voters and must have been a member of the State Bar for ten years. Each Court has between 1 and 1000 judges, depending on county population.

Originally, there were two levels of first instance courts, one having jurisdiction over petty matters and the other hearing felony cases, major civil cases and first level petty appeals. The lower court was known as a Municipal or Justice Court. The higher court was called the Superior Court. In the 1990s, the lower courts were merged with the Superior Courts to decrease costs and streamline the process.

In many other states, the trial courts corresponding to the superior court and the municipal or justice court are called the [[circuit court]] and the [[district court]], respectively.

[[Category:Judicial]]

Earthworm

2011-01-16T22:25:36Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
An '''earthworm''', also known as an annelid, is an [[invertebrate]] which lives in soil.

Anatomically, earthworms are divided into many segments, and have multiple hearts. Earthworms reproduce hermaphroditically, which is to say that each worm contains both male and female sexual organs, and each worm fertilizes the other. Worms feed by ingesting dead plant and animal matter. Worm excretions are highly valued by farmers and gardeners as a nitrogen-rich soil additive.

[[Category:Invertebrates]]

Dwarf (mythology)

2011-01-16T22:23:27Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
:''For other meanings of '''dwarf''', see [[dwarf]]''.
'''Dwarfs''' or '''Dwarves''' are creatures from [[Norse mythology|Norse]] and [[Germanic mythology]], and other mythical stories and fairy tales. They have also become a staple of the [[fantasy|fantasy genre]].

== Modern fantasy and fiction ==
Dwarves appear in many different forms in fantasy fiction, such as ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' (see [[Khazâd]]), ''[[The Chronicles of Narnia]]'', or ''[[Eragon]]''. They are also found in role playing games such as [[Dungeons and Dragons]]. Generally they are described as being short, usually bearded and known for their metal working and mining. Often they are also strong and make for powerful fighters beyond what their size would dictate, which is common in In role playing games and stories such as ''The Lord of the Rings''.

Dwarves have also appeared in feature films, the most famous of which is ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'', a children's animation from [[Walt Disney]].

[[Category:Mythical Beasts]]
[[Category:Fantasy]]

Air pressure

2011-01-16T22:21:53Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''Air pressure''' is the [[pressure]] we experience due to the [[weight]] of the [[atmosphere]]. The typical air pressure at [[sea level]] is one atmosphere (1 atm, or 760 millimeters of [[mercury]]); as you climb higher, the air pressure decreases. For example, the air pressure on top of [[Mount Everest]] is less than the air pressure on top of [[Mount McKinley]].

Air pressure is used by modern industry, in the form of pneumatic controls. Hydraulic controls are similar to pneumatic ones, but use fluid pressure instead of air pressure, and are more precise due to the less compressible quality of the fluids used.

A simple science experiment demonstrates the power of air pressure. Ask your parents for a few tablespoons of [[lemon]] juice or [[vinegar]], a few tablespoons of baking soda, and an empty milk jug or wine bottle (preferably with the cork still in). Pour the ingredients into the jug and quickly cap it. You will see the cap start to loosen, or the cork fly out, when the chemical reaction inside the container generates enough [[carbon dioxide]] to raise the air pressure inside the bottle above the air pressure outside. This is the same principle that airlines use to pressurize the inside of an [[airplane]]'s cabin. For an extra kick, ask your parents for a chunk of [[dry ice]] to put inside the milk jug. Dry ice, being made of [[solid]] carbon dioxide, greatly increases the air pressure when it "melts" into [[gas]]. Put the ice in the milk jug, quickly screw on the cap, and place the jug in a warm location to melt the dry ice. (The inside of an oven will do just fine... but be careful not to turn on the oven!)

==Biblical view==
The [[Bible]] teaches us that before the [[Flood]], there was a "firmament", or vapor canopy, separating the waters of the [[heaven]]s from the waters of the [[earth]]. Because all that water was pressing down on the Earth's atmosphere, the air pressure in Biblical times would have been several times greater than it is today. Some [[creation scientist]]s credit the longevity of the [[patriarch]]s to the greatly increased air pressure — much as an [[astronaut]] living in a pressurized [[space station]] ages more slowly than his twin at home.

[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Meteorology]]

First Continental Congress

2011-01-16T22:20:35Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
The '''First Continental Congress''' was called together in 1774, with 55 delegates representing twelve of the [[thirteen colonies]] ([[Georgia]] did not send a representative). This body debated over what the colonies should do, if anything, in reaction to the [[Intolerable Acts]] passed by [[Parliament]] that year. The First Continental Congress successfully boycotted [[British]] goods coming into the colonies, drastically reducing imports. It was the first step towards a written constitution, establishing statements of rights and principles. The participants agreed that a [[Second Continental Congress]] should meet the following year.

[[Category:United States History]]

Special duty

2011-01-16T22:20:16Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
A '''special duty''' is an American legal concept that allows strangers to sue someone they never met and had no traditional legal relationship with. For example, this enables a car accident victim to sue the doctor of the driver if the doctor should have warned the driver not to drive. Courts can hold that the doctor had a "special relationship" with the victim, and a "special duty" not to expose the victim to a foreseeable and unreasonable risk of harm.

Four states recognize this concept of a "special duty":

*[[Massachusetts]]
*[[California]]
*[[Michigan]]
*[[Delaware]]

Five states do not allow liability for this "special duty":

*[[Missouri]]
*[[Iowa]]
*[[Texas]]
*[[Kansas]]
*[[Florida]]

[[Category:United States Law]]

First Battle of Boonville

2011-01-15T02:07:39Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
{{ACWbattle
|name=First Battle of Boonville
|image=
|begin=June 17, 1861
|end=Same day
|place=Cooper County, Missouri
|theater=Trans-Mississippi Theater
|campaign=Operations to Control Missouri
|result=Union victory
|combatants1=Combined force: Missouri state troops U.S. Army regulars
|combatants2=Missouri State Guard
|commanders1=[[Nathaniel Lyon]] Brigadier General, USA
|commanders2=[[John S. Marmaduke]] Colonel, CSA
|strength1=1,700
|strength2=
|casualties1=31
|casualties2=50
}}
[[Claiborne Jackson]], the pro-Southern Governor of Missouri, wanted the state to secede and join the Confederacy. Union Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon set out to put down Jackson’s Missouri State Guard, commanded by Sterling Price. Reaching Jefferson City, the state capital, Lyon discovered that Jackson and Price had retreated towards Boonville. Lyon reembarked on steamboats, transported his men to below Boonville, marched to the town, and engaged the enemy. In a short fight, Lyon dispersed the Confederates, commanded on the field by Col. John S. Marmaduke, and occupied Boonville. This early victory established Union control of the Missouri River and helped douse attempts to place Missouri in the Confederacy.

{{Template:Campaignbox Control Missouri}}
{{Template:ACW Battles of 1861}}

[[Category: American Civil War Battles]]

Tiberius

2011-01-15T01:43:54Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
[[Image:Tiberius.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Emperor Tiberius in his draped toga.]]
'''Tiberius Caesar Augustus''' (born '''Tiberius Claudius Nero''') was the second Emperor of [[Rome]] following the death of [[Augustus]], ruling from AD 14 until his death in 37. He was the son of [[Livia Drusilla]] and her first husband Tiberius Nero. His mother's second husband was [[Augustus]], who was the ''Princeps'' (Translates to "first-citizen" or "first-leader") better known to history as the first Emperor. Tiberius grew up in his biological father's house. When his father died he went to live with his mother, his stepfather and his younger stepsister, [[Julia the Elder|Julia]]. Livia wanted to advance her sons as far as possible and used her position as Augustus' wife to advance Tiberius' career.

He married Vipsania, the daughter of [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]], Augustus' greatest general who defeated [[Mark Antony]] at the [[Battle of Actium]]. He had one son with Vipsania. Agrippa was also the husband of Tiberius' stepsister Julia, although he was much older. They had 3 sons together. When Agrippa died, Tiberius and Julia were forced by their parents to marry each other, even though it meant that Tiberius had to leave Vipsania. Although the marriage was reportedly peaceful at first the death of their young son Tiberillus caused the marriage to turn cold. Julia refused to acknowledge Tiberius as her equal and very soon she began petitioning to her father for a divorce. When Augustus refused, Tiberius and Julia separated. Tiberius left for Rhodes and Julia allied herself with [[Iullus Antonius]], the son of Mark Antony who allegedly became her lover. Julia was later exiled and Iullus executed, both for adultery and treason.

Tiberius returned to [[Rome]] following the sudden death of his stepson, Lucius Caesar, the second son of Julia and Agrippa. Augustus finally adopted him when Tiberius's other stepson, Gaius Caesar, (Julia and Agrippa's eldest son and Augustus' principle successor), was killed. However, Augustus also adopted his youngest grandson, Agrippa Postumus. Postumus was exiled and later murdered following Tiberius' succession. Julia committed suicide following her father's death, or was helped along to starvation by edict of Tiberius.

==Emperor==
As an emperor Tiberius was not well liked nor was he especially friendly. Well into his 50's when he took the throne, he showed signs of being bitter and frustrated. His relationship with his mother soured and they had little to do with each other until her death in 29 AD at the age of almost 90. A majority of the Roman people preferred Tiberius' nephew [[Germanicus]] to be emperor over Tiberius. Germanicus was the husband of Julia's youngest daughter, Agrippina. For the majority of Tiberius' rein, there was friction between him and his stepdaughter. Agrippina was the only living grandchild of Augustus left alive as her mother Julia had killed herself, her three brothers had all died and her elder sister Julilla had also died. Tiberius later exiled Agrippina (with the help of his right-hand man [[Sejanus]]) to the same island that Julia had been exiled to and she eventually committed suicide by refusing to eat. It is said that Tiberius ordered her guards to force her to eat, violently, and she lost an eye from the impact. The two elder sons of Agrippina, [[Drusus]] and Nero were both killed as well; one was exiled and the other locked away and starved to death. The only one of Agrippina's sons who survived was Gaius "[[Caligula]]", who Tiberius later made his heir. In 26 A.D. Tiberius left Rome for the island of Capri, where, it is recorded, he engaged in all manner of debauchery.

With Tiberius gone, the power of Sejanus in Rome increased. Sejanus had conspired with [[Livilla]], who was Tiberius' niece and had been married to his son [[Drusus II|Drusus]], to secretly poison Drusus years before. He died in 23 A.D. Sejanus tried to have himself married to Livilla but Tiberius prevented it. Now along with Livilla, Sejanus plotted to overthrow the Emperor in favor of the Julian line with either Caligula, his grandson Tiberius Gemellus, or himself as an adopted Julian as the new Emperor. However, the plot was foiled when [[Antonia Minor|Antonia]] mother of Livilla exposed it. Sejanus' wife exposed the role of Sejanus and Livilla in the poisoning of Drusus. Tiberius had all Sejanus' supporters (mostly supporters of Tiberius' ex-wife Julia's family) rounded up and executed. Sejanus and his children were also executed.

Tiberius was emperor when [[Jesus Christ]] was crucified, but he had no part in this action. When Jesus asked for a coin and asked whose face was on it, it would have been the face of Tiberius that was seen (unless it was an old coin).

[[Category:Roman emperors]]
[[Category:Roman Commanders]]

Bernard Lewis

2011-01-15T01:37:15Z

CSGuy:

'''Bernard Lewis''' is one of the West's premier scholars of [[Middle Eastern studies]].

He wrote in 1986:

:"The volume of [[anti-Semitic]] books and articles published, the size and number of editions and impressions, the eminence and authority of those who write, publish, and sponsor them, their place in school and college curricula, their role in the [[mass media]], would all seem to suggest that classical [[anti-Semitism]] is an essential part of [[Arab]] intellectual life at the present time –– almost as much as happened in [[Nazi Germany]]." <ref>http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/Read.aspx?GUID={1FE11860-C0DC-4197-A119-9AC7A10EFBB6}</ref>

* In an interview ... for Fox News' "War Stories," he contrasted how we fought fascism during World War II with the current conflict. He said: "Then we knew who the enemy was. We knew who we were. Nowadays ... we have great difficulty in defining the enemy. We have to be careful not to offend anybody. We don't even seem to be able to define our own cause, let alone the enemy's. This kind of uncertainty makes it very difficult to carry on any sort of struggle." -- Quoted by [[Oliver North]] in [http://www.washingtontimes.com/article/20080518/COMMENTARY06/167348068/1012/COMMENTARY Washintgon Times]

==External Links==
*[http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/Read.aspx?GUID={1FE11860-C0DC-4197-A119-9AC7A10EFBB6} Darfur, Arab Genocide and The New York Times] - Kenneth Levin, May 19, 2006

==References==

<References/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lewis, Bernard}}

[[Category:Academics]]

Rules Committee

2011-01-15T01:36:39Z

CSGuy:

In the [[House of Representatives]], the '''Rules Committee''' is the group of people that set the guidelines for debating a [[bill]] on the floor. It establishes the amount of the time for [[debate]], and whether amendments are allowed.<ref>U.S. Government and Politics</ref>

The Rules Committee was used in the era of Democratic Dominance prior to the Reagan Revolution to protect numerous liberals from prosecution for heinous crimes such as Gerry Studds's pedophilia and abuse of Congressional Pages. The HRC has also been used to limit the ability of the Republicans to filibuster Republican Federal appointees.
==See Also==

*[[Closed Rule]]
*[[Open Rule]]
*[[Modified Open Rule]]
*[[Modified Closed Rule]]

==References==

<references/>

[[Category:United States House of Representatives]]

Osmosis

2011-01-15T01:35:01Z

CSGuy:

'''Osmosis''' is movement of a solvent (such as water) across a semipermeable [[membrane]] into areas of higher [[solute]] [[concentration]].<ref>Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Biology''. Apologia
Educational Ministries, Inc. 1998</ref> '''Osmotic pressure''' determines the quantity of water displaced; it is proportional to the number of solute particles in a give volume of solution.

The tendency of water to move by osmosis is expressed as water potental, the greek letter psi is used as its symbol and it is measured in kPa (kiloPascals).
Pure water has a water potential of 0kPa, solutes lower the water potential.

==References==
<references/>

==See also==
*[[Cell]]
*[[Reverse Osmosis]]

[[Category:Biochemistry]]

Portuguese language

2011-01-15T01:34:23Z

CSGuy:

'''Portuguese''', also ''português'' or ''língua portuguesa'', is a [[Romance language]] which origniated in [[Portugal]]. Like all Romance languages, Portugese originated from [[Latin]], and the first known use of a distinct Portuguese was around 900 AD.{{fact}} Portuguese is widely spoken in [[Portugal]], [[Angola]], [[Mozambique]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[East Timor]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Cape Verde]], and [[Brazil]]. It has about 230 million speakers worldwide, making it the seventh most widely spoken language in the world.<ref>[http://www.linguaportuguesa.ufrn.br/ A lingua portuguesa] (in Portuguese)</ref>

Portuguese is closely related to [[Spanish]]; it looks similar on the page but sounds very different. Portuguese has more vowel sounds than Spanish, in consequence Portuguese speakers can easily understand Spanish, but Spanish speakers usually have a hard time speaking or understanding Portuguese. There are also differences in [[vocabulary]] and [[pronunciation]] between European and South American Portuguese, much as there are between [[American English]] and [[British English]].

==References==
<references/>

[[Category: Romance languages]]

Symbionese Liberation Army

2011-01-15T01:32:17Z

CSGuy:

The '''Symbionese Liberation Army''' was an American home grown terrorist group that emerged from the [[New Left]] in the 1970s. They fund raised by robbing banks. They were most famous for taking hostage Miss [[Patricia Campbell Hearst]] and staging a mass shootout with police in [[Los Angeles]], California.

[[Category:Terrorists]]
[[category:New Left]]
[[category:1960s]]

Seelowe

2011-01-15T01:32:03Z

CSGuy:

'''Seelowe''' in [[German Language|German]] means "Sealion" and was the code name for the German invasion of [[Britain]] in 1940-1941. The key to winning the Isle of Britain was a mass assault of bombings and other attacks by the [[Luftwaffe]]. The assault failed and the Luftwaffe was heavily diminished by the [[RAF]]. The RAF made a heroic stand that ultimately saved Britain.

[[Image:seelowe.jpg]]
[[Category:World War II]]

School choice

2011-01-15T01:30:50Z

CSGuy:

{{uncited}}
'''School choice''' is a movement initially championed by economist [[Milton Friedman]] and his wife Rose in the late 1960s to allow parents the right to choose alternatives to [[public school]] for their children, and to spend their tax dollars on an alternative rather than on [[public school]]. Vouchers that enable parents to take their tax money and spend it on educational alternatives are the goal of school choice.

As of 2007, school choice is available only in very limited ways and only to a tiny percentage of the population. [[Wisconsin]] and [[Ohio]] have had very small programs. [[Florida]] has a voucher program and also has an online alternative to brick and mortar public school, known as Florida Virtual School.

In addition to vouchers for [[private school]] and [[homeschooling]] options, some states offer a choice, for those who choose the public school system, in which public school their children will attend. This is sometimes called ''open enrollment''. School districts in [[Florida]] have an open enrollment system although traditional [[dictatorship]] still applies to the [[school bus]] system, and those who choose to attend a school where buses are unavailable are required to find alternate transportation. In regions where open enrollment does not exist in public schools, a [[communist]] style dictorship determines what school public school students will attend, which can be particularly a problem where homeschooling is prohibited or unfeasable and no good private schools exist or are affordable.

==See also==

*[[Homeschooling]]

[[category:education]]

Adalius Thomas

2011-01-15T01:28:05Z

CSGuy:

'''Adalius Donquail Thomas''' is a [[National Football League]] linebacker for the [[New England Patriots]]. He was born on August 18, 1977 in Nixburg, [[Alabama]]. Thomas is well known for his chartable work in the community work<ref>http://www.patriots.com/team/index.cfm?ac=playerbio&bio=30839</ref> including starting a chess competition for kids in inner city [[Baltimore]] and working with [[Habitat for Humanity]]. In 2001 he was an intern for a [[Illinois]] congressman in [[Washington D.C.]]<ref name="king">http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2007/writers/peter_king/03/04/thomas/index.html</ref>

== College Football ==
While attended the [[University of Southern Mississippi]] from 1996-1999, Thomas was a football star for Golden Eagles (the University of Southern Mississippi football team). He was twice named the Conference USA Defensive Player of the Year and is the [[University of Southern Mississippi]] all time leader in sacks with 34.5<ref name="king" />

== NFL Career ==
In 2000, Thomas was picked in the sixth round of the [[2000 NFL Draft]] by the [[Baltimore Ravens]]. In his rookie (2000) season he just played in three games and made one special teams tackle. The following year, 2001, Thomas became more of a contributer to the Ravens defense as he played in 16 games and made a total of 37 tackles and 3.5 sacks while also becoming a valuable special teams player. In 2002, Thomas, starting twelve games at defensive end (he played in all sixteen games) basically repeated his 2002 production with the exception of adding a new static for him, interception, of which he had two in 2002. In 2003, he missed some playing time due to injury's, but he still managed to set a have a productive year both as a defensive player (43 tackles, 4 sacks) and was named the AFC's Pro Bowl Special Teams Player. Thomas set a new record for himself in 2004 as he started in all sixteen of the Ravens regular season games. As a key part of one of the NFL's top defenses, he made 72 tackes, eight sacks, four forced fumbles and one interception. His eight sacks were second best total on the team for 2004. In 2005, he once again started all sixteen of the Ravans games and made 84 total tackles, nine sacks and two interceptions including one that he returned 20 yards for a touchdown in the Ravens 16-15 week thirteen victory over the [[Houston Texans]]. In 2006, Thomas started all sixteen games and for the first time in his career was named to the AFC Pro Bowl Team as a outside linebacker. He made 11 sacks in 2006, the second best total on the Ravens defense that was ranked number one on the entire National Football League. At the Pro Bowl game he returned a fumble 70 yards for a touchdown in a 31-28 AFC victory over the NFC.

After the 2006 season Thomas became a free agent. A day after free agency began he signed<ref name="post">http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/04/AR2007030400297.html</ref> with the [[New England Patriots]] to a five year, 35.04 million dollar deal<ref name="king" />. He is expected to start at linebacker for the Patriots<ref>http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/columns/story?columnist=pasquarelli_len&id=2900954</ref>.

== Quotes ==

* Be humble or get humble<ref name="post" />

== References ==
<references/>

== External Links ==

*[http://www.nfl.com/players/adaliusthomas/profile?id=THO013777 NFL Stats]
*[http://www.patriots.com/team/index.cfm?ac=playerbio&bio=30839 Patriots Bio]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thomas, Adalius}}
[[Category:New England Patriot Players]]

Planck's constant

2011-01-15T01:26:47Z

CSGuy:

'''Planck's constant''' "''h''" is a constant in [[physics]] that relates the energy of a photon to the frequency of that photon:

:<big><big><math> E = h \nu</math></big></big>

Where ''E'' is the energy of the photon and <math>\nu</math> is its frequency.

The value of '''Planck's constant''' is approximately <math>6.626 \times 10^{-34}</math> joule-seconds.
[[category:physics]]

Public-key encryption

2011-01-15T01:24:42Z

CSGuy:

'''Public-key encryption''' is an asymmetric [[encryption]] method in which 2 complementary keys are used. What gets encrypted by one of the keys can only be decrypted by the other. Generally one key of the pair is kept safe by an individual and the other key is distributed as widely as possible, after which 2 things can be done.

If a message can be decrypted using the widely distributed ("public") key, it proves that the author of the message is the individual that holds the private key. Conversely, if a message is encrypted by the public key, it can only be decrypted by the key that was kept safe (the "private" key), making it possible to send a confidential message to the holder of the private key knowing only the public key. While this is the general principle of operation, many modifications are made in order to ensure practical and quick encryption.

Well-known public-key encryption algorithms include '''Diffie-Hellman''' and '''RSA'''. In Diffie-Hellman, the hardness is based on the [[discrete logarithm]]; in RSA it is [[factoring]].

==Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol==
This is a method to secure a channel from eavesdroppers, by agreeing on an encryption key. It is used to let 2 parties agree on a key to be used for encrypting their communications, without actually transmitting said key on the channel between them. If somebody is eavesdropping he will not be able to deduce the key agreed upon from listening to the data.

The main problem is the "man in the middle attack". Instead of merely eavesdropping, an attacker would place himself between the 2 parties trying to communicate, and he would participate in the key exchange. The spy would agree on one key with the first party, agree on another key with the second party. Then he is able to decrypt (and re-encrypt and retransmit) the data sent over the channel.

However the protocol is useful because it raises the difficulty of eavesdropping. A spy would have to be able to place himself "in between" the two parties he intends to spy on. Also, the spy needs to actively participate in the conversation in order to be able to spy. If he were to put a listening device on the cable, for example, he would not be able to understand the messages sent.

"Diffie-Hellman key exchange", relies on the fundamental [[hardness|difficulty]] of [[computing]] the discrete logarithm of a number in the [[Group (mathematics)|group]] ''G''. It was invented by [[Whitfield Diffie]] and Martin Hellman in 1976. The protocol proceeds in three steps:

# Alice decides on a large prime number ''p'' which defines a multiplicative group ''G'' in which to work, with [[generator]] ''g''
# Alice chooses a secret integer ''a''. She sends ''ga'' mod ''p'' to Bob
# Bob chooses a different integer ''b'', and sends ''gb'' mod ''p'' to Alice
# Alice computes ''(gb)a'', while Bob computes ''(ga)b''

At this point both parties (Alice and Bob) have the same (secret) information (ga*b mod p), and can use the shared secret as a key for sending [[encryption|encrypted]] messages back and forth by the usual methods.

An example conversation (in practice much larger prime numbers will be used) :

# Alice chooses a prime p = 43, which defines a multiplicative group with 43 elements, 0 to 42. Our secret key will be one of the elements in the group, which means it will be a value from 0 to 10. Since p is prime, any element is a [[generator]], so we can pick any number between 0 and 42, let's say we pick 28. Any number between 0 and 42 will do for the generator. In practice the generator needs to be "relatively" prime to p, modulo p. This means g and p must have no common factors, when calculating mod p.

# Alice then sends p and g to Bob, who now also knows p = 43 and g = 28
# Alice chooses her secret number a, let's say 58. She calculates ga mod p = 2858 mod 43 = 17, and sends 17 to Bob
# Bob chooses his secret number b, let's say 39. Bob sends gb mod p = 2839 mod 43 = 2 to Alice
# Alice calculates her version of the secret value gab using gb (the value she received from Bob) : (gb)a mod p = 258 mod 43 = 4
# Bob calculates his version of the secret value gab using ga (the value he received from Alice) : (ga)b mod p = 1739 mod 43 = 4
Alice and Bob have agreed on an encryption key, gab = 4, and only sent values that can only be used to calculate the key with great difficulty : p = 43, g = 28, ga = 17 and gb = 39. If you want to find out the key, your only choice is to try and determine either a or b. This can only be done by calculating g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, ... and compare with the ga value, until found.

By increasing p, the procedure of looking for a can be made arbitrarily difficult. These days p is generally chosen to be "relatively large", meaning that it should require "a bit less" than 256 bits to represent. Determining a would take on average 2255 steps (although some algorithms can do it in slightly less steps) to determine a.

==RSA encryption==
"RSA" stands for "[[Ron Rivest|Rivest]]–[[Shamir]]–[[Adelman]]",<ref>[http://www.all-acronyms.com/?t=rsa&d=rivest%2Dshamir%2Dadelson ''AllAcronyms.com'']</ref><ref>[http://www.cogs.susx.ac.uk/courses/mct/Handouts/notes-6.pdf Course notes] from G6016 "Networks", at the [[University of Sussex]]</ref> the three [[MIT]] researchers who discovered the RSA algorithm in 1977.

RSA is based on the fundamental difficulty of [[factoring]] large integers into [[prime]]s.

The RSA algorithm was put to the test in 1991, when RSA Laboratories released the "RSA Factoring Challenge". The challenge consisted of a list of progressively larger numbers, which, when fully decrypted, read "The magic words are [[squeamish ossifrage]]."<ref>[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/1393.html "The Magic Words Are Squeamish Ossifrage"], by Atkins, Graff, Lenstra, and Leyl</ref> Although the challenge was withdrawn in 2007, the RSA algorithm is still widely considered acceptable for business purposes.

==Example==
#
Fred needs to send documents to many people. They don't need to be secure, but its important that they know for certain that the message actually came from Fred.
* Fred '''encrypts''' the message using his ''private key''. (only fred knows this key)
* Fred sends the encrypted message
* George gets the message (so do many other people , it's not important)
* George '''decrypts''' the message using Fred's ''Public key''.
* Only a message coded with the private key can be decoded wth the public key so George knows it came from Fred.
#
* George drafts a reply and '''encrypts''' it with Freds ''Public key''.
* only Freds ''private key'' can '''decrypt''' the message , so it is secure
* Fred receives the message and decrypts it
* it's a valid message but Fred cant know who sent it , anyone with the public key could send to him.

This form of public key encryption works best with sets of private and public keys.

==References==
<references/>

== See Also ==
# [http://www.networkworld.com/news/64452_05-17-1999.html | Public key encryption for Dummies]
# http://www2.krellinst.org/UCES/archive/modules/charlie/pke/

[[Category:Cryptography]]

Ghassanids

2011-01-15T01:22:20Z

CSGuy:

The '''Ghassanids''' are the main ethnic Christian Arab group in modern [[Lebanon]] and parts of [[Syria]] & [[Jordan]].

== Ghassanid families ==

Al-Khazen, Aranki, Ayoub, Ammari, Batarseh, Barakat, Bayouth, Chakar, Farhat, Farhoud, Gharios, Ghanem ,Ghanma, Ghannoum, Ghulmiyyah, Hamra, Howayek, Hadadin, Ishaq, Jabara (Jebara or Gebara, Gibara), Kandil, Karadsheh, Khazens, Lahd, Maalouf, Madi, Makhlouf, Matar, Moghabghab, Mokdad, Nayfeh, Nimri, Obeid, Oweis, Rached, Rahhal, Razook, Saab, Saah, Saliba, Sfeir, Sheiks Chemor, Smeirat, Swies, Sweidan, Theeba and Tyan. The religious backgrounds of these families tend to be either Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholic or Maronite Catholic, despite the Ghassanids' initial affiliation to Non-Chalcedonian Syriac Orthodox Christianity. They are identified by being Christian families with South Arabian names.
[[Category:Ethnicities]]

George Eliot

2011-01-15T01:08:48Z

CSGuy:

'''Mary Ann Evans''' (pen name: '''George Eliot''') was a 19th Century British novelist.

[[category:Writers]]

Valence shell

2011-01-15T01:04:41Z

CSGuy:

[[Image:Atoms1.jpg|right|200px]]
The '''valence shell''' is the [[electron shell]] which corresponds to the highest value of principal [[quantum number]] in an [[atom]]. The valence [[electron]]s in this shell are on average farther from the [[nucleus]] than other electrons; these are the electrons which are directly involved in [[chemical reaction]]s.<ref>http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/electrons/glossary.shtml</ref>

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Chemistry]]

Semele

2011-01-15T01:02:39Z

CSGuy:

In Greek mythology, '''Semele''' was the daughter of [[Cadmus]], the first king of [[Thebes]]

[[Zeus]] became enamoured of her and she soon became pregnant. Filled with jealousy, [[Hera]] appeared to her in the form of her nurse Beroe. She suggested that the lover of Semele was not really Zeus. Semele begged a favor from Zeus and he swore by the river [[Styx]], that he would grant it. She asked him to appear in the splendor of his full glory. Zeus sadly granted her request but she could not bear the sight and was immediately burned to ashes. Zeus rescued the fetus of her child [[Dionysus]] and held it in his thigh until its birth.

== References ==

* Ovid. Metamorphoses.

[[category:Greek Mythology]]

Video games

2011-01-15T00:19:09Z

CSGuy:

A '''video game''' is any electronic game played on a computer or console. They vary greatly in type and complexity, but all games are alike in that they translate player input (from a controller, mouse, keyboard or motion sensor) into onscreen actions. Games are usually stored on some sort of digital media - ROM cartridge, [[CD]], [[DVD]], or even cassette tape for early computer games - though older or more inexpensive games may have dedicated chips which are pre-programmed to play certain games only.

Home consoles are classified by ''generation'' to indicate their relative power and date of release. The current major consoles (XBox360, PS3, Wii) are considered ''seventh generation''. Handheld consoles are not generally put into generations due to their more irregular release schedules.

Though a popular form of entertainment in America, video games (especially in modern years) tend to promote a [[liberal]] worldview, and can cause [[sexual immorality]], [[atheism]], [[obesity]], and [[violence]]. Many video games (such as ''Dungeons and Dragons'') feature nudity and [[Satanic]] imagery.<ref>http://electexiles.wordpress.com/2009/12/03/4-reasons-video-games-are-not-worth-playing/</ref> Several prominent murderers in recent years were inspired by video games, for example<ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-316491/Teenager-gets-life-Manhunt-murder.html</ref>, while the popular online video game ''World of Warcraft'' has been shown to be as addictive as [[drug]]s, and has destroyed marriages and lead to obesity and and bad health (due to physical inactivity).<ref>http://wowdetox.com/</ref>

== Various genres ==

Video games in the course of their existence have grown from the simple arcade style games, and have become more detailed and separated from one another. Genres can now include [[first person shooters]], [[racing]], [[Simulation game|simulation]], [[role-playing]], [[sports]], [[action]] and many others. Even then, games can combine genres, such as ''Mass Effect'' (Role Playing and Third Person Shooting), or not fit nicely into any genre, like ''Katamari Damacy''.

== Popularity & Controversy ==

Games have risen in popularity over the years, as is shown in the rise of video games sales from the 1980s until today. This has brought with it a various amount of controversy as the video game industry continues to grow with its original player base.

Video games are addictive activities targeted at teenagers, sometimes with tragic results.<ref>Some claim that 2/3rds of videogamers are over 18 years old, but far more people are over that age and a much higher percentage of minors are videogamers.[http://www.pan-o-matic.com/blog/?p=45 Only a third of videogamers are under 18]</ref> Games are increasingly violent and offensive, attracting the attention of legislators in many states to protect the exploitation of children by them. Games such as ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' are very violent, sexually explicit, and feature [[criminal]] behavior. These games are rated "M 17+" for "Mature," but courts have stricken down laws preventing retailers from selling them to children, under an interpretation that the First Amendment protects offensive video games even for children.<ref>http://gamepolitics.livejournal.com/148962.html</ref> After a ''Conservapedian'' filed an [[amicus brief]] with the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] to consider this issue, it surprised [[liberal]]s by granting ''[[certiorari]]''.

===Violence===

Most of the controversy comes from the rising trend toward violence in video games, as pioneered by ''[[Doom (video game series)|Doom]]'', ''[[Quake]]'', and the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series.

Some people point out that violent video games cause violent behavior in some children. The effects of violent video games on the developing psyche of children and adolescents vary greatly and of course have much to do with the mental stability of the subject in question.
Serious crimes have often been associated with video games. For example, a 14-year-old brutally murdered a video arcade employee one morning and his cousin stands trial for murdering the store manager when he entered the store shortly thereafter.<ref>http://www.nj.com/starledger/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-5/1212467732102240.xml&coll=1</ref>
In the [[United States|USA]], all retail games carry ratings from the [[ESRB]], a video game ratings organization.

At least one study has shown that, contrary to the position mentioned above, kids who don't play video games at all seem to show more violent tendencies. Of course, as expected, those who played violent video games for large amounts of time also showed violent tendencies, however the study claims that this is a "risk marker", not an actual cause. <ref>http://wii.qj.net/New-research-reveals-kids-who-don-t-play-videogames-at-all-are-more-at-risk-of-violent-tendencies/pg/49/aid/118505 New research reveals kids who don't play video games at all are more at risk of violent tendencies</ref>

Multiple studies have shown a correlation between violent video games and levels of real life violence, caused by playing some of the aforementioned video games.<ref>http://www.apa.org/science/psa/sb-anderson.html</ref>

===Sexuality===

Although nudity is not prominent in [[western]] video games, there are various products containing sexually-suggestive material. One reason for the relative lack of explicitly sexual material in western games may be the refusal of retailers including [[Wal-Mart]]<ref>http://www.walmart.com/catalog/catalog.gsp?cat=440903</ref> (the leading distributor of video games in the United States) and [[Toys R Us]]<ref>[http://www.toysrusinc.com/safety/practices/ See Toys "R" Us's video games policy]</ref> (the world's largest toy themed retailer) to sell games carrying an "Adults-Only" rating. One notable target of controversy is the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series after a third-party mod was released that allowed the player to engage in a mini-game containing explicit sexual material. Mods are, as "third-party" would imply, fan-made and are not the responsibility of the game's developer. Other sources of this criticism relate to the game ''[[Tomb Raider]]'' as it was one of the first games where a female character (the protagonist) is depicted and advertised as a sex symbol.<ref>Ashley, Robert. "The Secret History of Videogame Sex." Official Playstation Magazine Feb. 2006: 96-99.</ref>

== Video Games & Society ==

As video games become more popular, their impact on society becomes ever more present. A prime example of this is the massive ad campaigns for the [[Halo (game)|Halo]] series, as well as [[Grand Theft Auto]]. Advertising, merchandising, and even social pressures have changed in the ever-growing influence of video gaming.

Due to their popularity, various corporations have begun placing advertisements for their products within the context of the game. [[Second Life]], an Internet-based virtual world, has blurred the lines between real-world and virtual world, and companies such as Adidas, Reebok, and Dell have set up virtual stores selling real-world products within the game. [[Reuters]] also operates a news bureau reporting news in the game.

== Faith in Video Games ==

Faith in Video Gaming has, as a rule, either led to the creation of new and dynamic antagonists, or video games that are mediocre, such as ''Spiritual Warfare'' and ''Bible Adventure'' for the Nintendo, or ''The Bible Game'' for various systems. ''Bible Adventure'' in particular is infamous for its poor design and playability.

The Bible, or other such religious texts, tell a story spanning many different viewpoints. Turning these ideas into a video game, however, most often leads to games that tend to bore most video game audiences.

Religion has, however, taken a prominent place amongst the various heroes and villains in video games. The ''Breath of Fire'' series and the ''Shin Megami Tensei'' games, in particular, use a god as a main antagonist in many of its incarnations. Other games to use religion in some way include the ''Final Fantasy'' series, ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]'', ''Black and White'', ''Heaven and Hell'', ''Xenogears'', ''Okami'', and the ''Tales'' series, particularly ''Tales of Symphonia''. Unfortunately, many (not all) of the aforementioned games present religion (or it's respective church and followers) as evil, fake, or having ulterior and nefarious motives. Virtually no video games present faith in an honest or positive manner, as few conservatives or Christians work for game companies, then again direct content.

Games may include a fictional religion as part of the setting if the use of a real religion may invite undesirable controversy.

Video game reviewers have sometimes unjustly attacked and reviewed games where real-world religion plays a notable role. One of the most prominent examples of this is the game ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]''.<ref>http://www.gamerevolution.com/review/pc/left_behind</ref>

==See Also==
*[[Video game controversy]]
*[[Jack Thompson]]
*[[Video game industry]]

==External Links==
*[http://www.whattheyplay.com/ What They Play - the parent's guide to video games]
*[http://www.leftbehindgames.com/index.php Left Behind Games - a Christian, family friendly video game company]

==References==

<References/>

[[Category:Entertainment]]
[[Category:Video Games]]
[[Category:Computers]]

Jonah (ch. 4)

2010-01-21T02:37:36Z

CSGuy:

Chapter 4 of the '''''Book of Jonah''''' reveals [[Jonah]]'s true intentions as to running away: he wanted to see [[Nineveh]] destoyed, as he had hated that city greatly, and the [[Lord]]'s staying of His judgement only made him angry. God explained to him through a gourd that He cares very much about the inhabitants of any city enough to send someone like Jonah to preach repentance.

==Text of ''Jonah'', chapter 4==
''The text is from the Authorized (King James) Version of the Bible''

4:1 But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was very angry.

4:2 And he prayed unto the LORD, and said, I pray thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in my country? Therefore I fled before unto Tarshish: for I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repentest thee of the evil.

4:3 Therefore now, O LORD, take, I beseech thee, my life from me; for it is better for me to die than to live.

4:4 Then said the LORD, Doest thou well to be angry?

4:5 So Jonah went out of the city, and sat on the east side of the city, and there made him a booth, and sat under it in the shadow, till he might see what would become of the city.

4:6 And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd.

4:7 But God prepared a worm when the morning rose the next day, and it smote the gourd that it withered.

4:8 And it came to pass, when the sun did arise, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and wished in himself to die, and said, It is better for me to die than to live.

4:9 And God said to Jonah, Doest thou well to be angry for the gourd? And he said, I do well to be angry, even unto death.

4:10 Then said the LORD, Thou hast had pity on the gourd, for the which thou hast not laboured, neither madest it grow; which came up in a night, and perished in a night:

4:11 And should not I spare Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?

[[Category:Old Testament]]

Christopher John Boyce

2010-01-21T02:32:28Z

CSGuy:

'''Christopher John Boyce''' (born February 16, 1953) was convicted of spying for the [[KGB]] against the U.S. He worked for a U.S. military contractor in California. He was arrested in January of 1977 along with his accomplice Daulton Lee, a drug dealer, for passing spy satellite information to the [[Soviet Union]].

In 1979 a fictionalized account of the incident was written, ''The Falcon and the Snowman,'' and later put to film starring [[Sean Penn]] and [[Timothy Hutton]].[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0087231/]
[[Category:Espionage]]
[[Category:KGB Agents and Sources]]

Air Force Two

2010-01-15T00:57:04Z

CSGuy:

Air Force Two is the air traffic control call sign used by any United States Air Force aircraft carrying the Vice President, but not the President.<ref>[http://www.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=90 Factsheets : C-32 : C-32]</ref> The term is often associated with the Boeing C-32, a modified 757 which is most commonly used as the [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]]'s transport. The C-40 Clipper, a version of the [[Boeing 737]], also serves in this role.

Although the [[U.S. Marine Corps]] carry the primary mission for [[helicopter]] support of both the [[President]], Marine One, and [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]], Marine Two, UH-1N Twin Huey helicopters from the Air Force's 1st Helicopter Squadron are also used to support the Vice President in the Washington, D.C. area under the call sign Air Force Two.

During the buildup to the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]], Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] made his first overseas trip in office. For the March 2002, 10-day, 12-country trip throughout the [[Middle East]], Cheney used the VC-25A, a modified [[Boeing 747]], that is typically reserved for the President. The aircraft used the call sign Air Force Two. Cheney's last time on the aircraft was over a decade before when he served as George H. W. Bush's Defense Secretary.<ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002/03/10/cheney.htm USATODAY.com - Cheney heads overseas to talk terrorism]</ref><ref>[http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/cheneytrip/notebook_311.htm usnews.com: Reporter's Notebook on Cheney's Mideast trip: Day 1: London (3/11/02)]</ref>
==See Also==
[[Air Force One]]

== References ==

<references/>
[[Category:Aviation]]
[[Category:United States Government]]

Air Force Two

2010-01-15T00:56:53Z

CSGuy:

Schlockumentary

2009-10-18T17:50:30Z

CSGuy: No need for the scare quotes; he makes films, therefore he is a filmmaker.

'''Schlockumentary''' is a term referring to [[documentary]] films that use [[junk science]], dishonest editing, and/or highly [[bias]]ed research methods intended to arrive at [[partisan]] or [[conspiracy|conspiratorial]] conclusions. <ref>[http://www.americanthinker.com/2006/12/michael_moore_issues_iraq_with.html Michael Moore Issues Iraq Withdrawal Fatwa], By Noel Sheppard, ''American Thinker'', December 04, 2006.</ref>

==Origins==
Schlockumentary is a portmanteau of the [[Yiddish]] word schlock -meaning junk-<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,865066-2,00.html Block That Schlock], ''TIME magazine'', Nov. 23, 1959</ref>, with documentary. It is a favorite tactic of [[liberal deceit|liberals]] to disparage viewpoints with which they disagree. Filmmakers such as [[Michael Moore]] are notorious for their libelous films which use faulty logic to advance their [[liberal agenda]] despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary.

==Examples==
*''[[America: From Freedom to Fascism]]''
*''[[Michael Moore|Fahrenheit 9/11]]''
*''[[Fox_News_Channel#Fair_and_Balanced|Outfoxed]]''
*''[[Loose Change]]''
*''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''
*''[[Sicko]]''
*''[[The 11th Hour]]''
*''[[Bowling for Columbine]]''

==References==
<references/>

==See Also==
*[[Mockumentary]]

[[Category:Cinema]]
[[Category:Schlockumentary| ]]

Talk:Barack Hussein Obama

2009-10-18T17:25:40Z

CSGuy: /* Minor fix */ new section

{{protect|TK}}
 
{{articletalkheader|prefix=archive}}
 

==Obama clueless about American history==
In introducing Sotomayor, he flubs the constitution being the paper written over 200 years ago, mistakenly says 20 centuries ago. Maybe Totus was thinking the other paper written 20 centuries ago, the Bible! [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiRhHqlzaG4 Video Obama: Constitution written "20 centuries" ago]
::A much as I hate to say this, I think taht was simply a slip of the tongue nothing more, also sign your comments please--[[User:IScott|IScott]] 21:02, 7 June 2009 (EDT)

::This really says more about you than about Obama, you're willing to think that a person with a Harvard education is below the line of mental retardation when it comes to History - US history in particular. It was a slip of the tongue, nothing more. If everytime Obama made a slip of the tongue you overreacted like this then you wouldn't be able to see the actual substance and be unable critisize his legislation or his political way. Really, grow up and stop looking for mistakes like that as it makes conservatives and you in particular look stupid and petty.

== Unlock article? ==

Can this article be unlocked? [[User:ConservativeCanuck|ConservativeCanuck]] 15:22, 10 June 2009 (EDT)

Specifically I want to delete this

"# Contrary to Christianity, the Islamic doctrine of taqiyya encourages adherents to deny they are Muslim if it advances the cause of Islam. "

This doesn't offer any evidence of Obama being a Muslim. [[User:ConservativeCanuck|ConservativeCanuck]] 15:52, 10 June 2009 (EDT)

:Actually, it does. For example, if this practice didn't exist, somebody might say, "Obama can't be a practicing muslim because a practicing muslim wouldn't deny Islam." The existence of this practice makes all of Obama's claims to Christianity irrelevant, because it proves he would make those assertions regardless of his actual religion. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 00:05, 11 July 2009 (EDT)
::Actually, ConservativeCanuck has a point, it makes the facts sound like conspiracy theory when they're mixed up with terms like that thrown around. Taqiyya is solely a shi'ia muslim doctrine. Indonesia is Sunni muslim (actually the people the doctrine was created to hide from) and its not part of their teachings. He doesn't need a magical doctrine to just lie outright. -[[User:JMaker|JMaker]] 11:58, 7 October 2009 (EDT)

==Obama Received Aid as Foreign Student?==

I've seen this reported in several places. Apparently, Obama (under the name "Barry Soetoro") received financial aid as "a foreign student from Indonesia." The mainstream media seems to have basically ignored this; does anyone know more about it? This would lend quite a bit of credence to those who question his American citizenship. <ref>http://gunnyg.wordpress.com/2009/05/04/obama-receives-foreign-student-tuition-aid-smoking-gun-finally-found/#more-6734</ref> <ref>http://www.mylot.com/w/discussions/1995743.aspx</ref>

==The Muslim Section==
The call to prayer is very beautiful, one need not be a muslim to appreciate it.

"Obama declared in prepared remarks, "The United States has been enriched by Muslim Americans. Many other Americans have Muslims in their families or have lived in a Muslim-majority country - I know, because I am one of them" Anyone with the slightest amount of reading comprehension could see that he was referring to having muslim in his family (he does) and lliving in a Muslim-majority country (he did) Neither of these prove him to be a muslim.

"He has said that "Islam can be compatible with the modern world." That proves him to be a muslim? So if you don't muslims have to either convert or live in the stone age, you're must be a muslim yourself?

"Obama used his Muslim middle name when sworn in as President" I believe there's some requirement for using your middle name in the oath.

"Obama botched his public oath of office in which he placed his hand on a Bible, then chose not to use the Bible for his real, private oath." Did he use a Koran, where is anything Islamic found there. Perhaps he's just not a very devout christian, is that a problem?

"On the campaign trail, Obama was reading "The Post-American World" by Fareed Zakaria,[34] which is written from a Muslim point-of-view" Yes, Fareed Zakaria is a muslim, if one day, I turn on CNN and watch his show am I now a muslim? All of these prove not that Obama is a muslim, but that he simply isn't a anti-muslim fanatic and is open to all beliefs.

"Renegade" conventionally describes someone who goes against normal conventions of behavior" It's absurd to think he was using the conventional use?

"Obama stated that the autobiography of Malcolm X, a Nation of Islam leader who became a Muslim, inspired him in his youth."
Malcolm X has inspired millions for his activity in the civil rights movement. The Nation of Islam was a radical group, but I can understand radicalism in the face of what had been done to african-americans at the time. Malcolm X left the group because he disagreed with their radical views. I fail to see how seeing him as an inspiration makes someone a muslim. I'm jewish, I'm inspired by Martin Luther King, that makes me a christian?

I could go on on and on, but I won't. Aside from all of this, what if he is muslim? Are muslims not allowed to be president? Can a muslim child not dream to one day be president just like every other kid? --[[User:Redsox70707|Redsox70707]] 16:04, 22 June 2009 (EDT)

:Well, it is an open question, IMO, or should be. The open question about his place of birth is another. The Koran actually calls for the use of deceit and violence against those who do not accept it 100%. That, in and of itself gives one pause. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 19:13, 22 June 2009 (EDT)

::I will add that since Israelis were prominent in U.S. politics circa '70's, from that time forward Muslim American's began to be heavily invested thanks to Middle East states such as Saudi Arabia, U.A.E., Kuwait. Their ultimate goal was to get Muslims into U.S. politics. Today are the fruits from that investment, Illinois's Barack Obama and Keith Ellis. Chicago has over 400 Mosques, some capacity over 1,000. Home to Muslim Farrakhan, U.S. Muslim Brotherhood ties, big Saudi charities, Fundraising for dead Palestine suicide bombers. Obama bows out of great thanks and respect for the King.--[[User:Jpatt|Jpatt]] 19:24, 22 June 2009 (EDT)

:::Keith Ellis is from Minnesota not Illinois. Neither Keith Ellis or Barack Obama received donations from Middle Eastern countries.--[[User:Redsox70707|Redsox70707]] 00:19, 1 July 2009 (EDT)--[[User:Redsox70707|Redsox70707]] 00:19, 1 July 2009 (EDT)

:::: Then why is he keeping his campaign donations secret? Answer: they are coming from compromised foreign Muslim sources.[[User:MikeMike|MikeMike]] 15:15, 2 July 2009 (EDT)

I fail to see how it is relevant that President Obama may or may not be of the muslum faith. If he came out and said that he was muslum, then you could put that as his faith, but it is not important enough to have an entire section about

== Article in disrepair ==

Please, we need to either unlock the article or the moderators need to be responsive to the talk page. The frequency of updates is embarrassing for such a high value article. Several sections need to be cleaned up, which is too tedious for just a handful of administrators. This man is destroying our country and we are not keeping up. If we do this right, we can become one of the best repositories of Obama scandals and transgressions, but we have to be at least current.

Now as far as specific content, I'd like to expand on the Ayres ghost writing ''Dreams From My Father''. Jack Cashill updated his argument two days ago (http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/06/breakthrough_on_the_authorship_1.html), and frankly, I think is proven well enough to warrant sufficient detail in the article. I'd propose a paragraph here on the talk page, but I feel it may be ignored like my last suggestion. [[User:MikeMike|MikeMike]] 11:46, 30 June 2009 (EDT)

: Here is the other proposal I had. I suggest the following paragraph be added to the end of the section "Obama and Elitism":
<blockquote>
:Obama clearly exhibited his elitism on his May 5, 2009 limousine trip to Ray's Hell Burger in Arlington, VA.<re.f>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAvq12Sa3VE</ref> Intended to showcase a connection to the ways of common Americans, Obama instead struggled to compose his order, finally settling on a cheeseburger with fancy Grey Poupon french mustard. This combination is rare among those who frequent burger joints in the United States, demonstrating Obama's lack of familiarity with U. S. culture and lack of American upbringing. Naturally, the liberal media abetted Obama by covering this up during their doting coverage <r.ef>http://legalinsurrection.blogspot.com/2009/05/msnbc-hides-obamas-dijon-mustard.html</ref>, in which he purchased burgers for liberal reporters.<r.ef>http://features.csmonitor.com/politics/2009/05/05/barack-and-joe-go-to-white-castle-%E2%80%A6-i-mean-ray%E2%80%99s-hell-burger/</ref>
</blockquote>

:(I broke the ref tags so it would be easier to copy and paste.) There are a lot of ways to attack him, but roughly since the election, little is making its way into the article. The time for mourning is over; now we catalog! [[User:MikeMike|MikeMike]] 11:52, 30 June 2009 (EDT)

:*''Fancy French mustard?'' Are you being serious? I have been to a place in Madison, Wisconsin that has a "Dijon Burger". And the area is known for its sausages, Brats, and most places routinely offer that kind of mustard. Granted Madison is a bastion of fuzzy liberal thinking, but still... And your statement about their being "lots of ways to attack him" is totally out of place here. We are an encyclopedia, and therefore do not "attack". If you, or anyone, want to think adding facts is the same as attacking, that is just clap-trap. Your Grey Poupon suggestion smacks of disingenuous mischief. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 14:35, 30 June 2009 (EDT)

: The best criticism of Obama you can think of, is he isn't familiar with American burger joints? I personally find the average burger joint greasy and disgusting (and usually trayf), that doesn't mean I'm un-American.--[[User:Redsox70707|Redsox70707]] 00:06, 1 July 2009 (EDT)

First, thanks for following up with me. The reason my proposal is not "disingenuous mischief" is that it is not my creation. As I linked, the criticism comes from reputable sources like Sean Hannity, as well as Ingraham, Limbaugh and many others I forget. Also, and very importantly, it is not merely about mustard but about the media fawning over him (see the legal insurrection link). It is popular conservative discussion. Thus, if we are to have a section on elitism, and given the solid sources, it merits discussion. If it then does not make it in, or we decide that the Elitism section for some reason is not justified (I would object), then I will accept. Another point I was to argue is about the attack. Conservapedia does not have to be the attacker, but it should help the reader to formulate an attack. The best niche for our 'pedia is to be where conservatives go to help develop an attack on a liberal or anti-American position. If someone wants to show Obama is an elitist, he can come to the Elitism section, follow the links and choose which arguments to make. And if he wants to prove Obama's a Muslim, he can ignore Elitism completely. On the other hand, if we just want to be a synopsis facts without direction, we are competing with Google and Wikipedia. It thus helps to include as many attacks as possible as long as they are vetted. Maybe I'm wrong or in the minority. And BTW, River Falls.[[User:MikeMike|MikeMike]] 15:07, 2 July 2009 (EDT)

== Table of Contents ==

Seeing as so many people find the position to be a problem, and more importantly that moving the ToC up would bury important information on Obamas muslim faith, could we include the ToC into the muslim "faith" section, as a side colum perhaps? Just a suggestion --[[User:IScott|IScott]] 21:47, 1 July 2009 (EDT)

:I like that. How about the following: Make "Religion: Described in the article" link to the relevant section(s), shorten the intro and integrate many of the details into the body or into new sections, then bring up the ToC. That way, the ToC is early, but the Muslim section is not push very far down. (Note that one of my criticisms tacitly in mind above is that the intro section rambles and the TOC is not first.) [[User:MikeMike|MikeMike]] 15:12, 2 July 2009 (EDT)
:: The article in general is ordered in a completely bizarre fashion. Regardless of how important the list of facts linking Obama to Islam is, it's way to long to preempt the table of contents, which is stuck around the end of page two as it is. Is isn't that the question of Obama's faith isn't an important one, because it is; it's just that the list of facts - many of which even I would admit are pretty tangential - don't constitute an important portion of Obama's brief bio, which is what normally goes above the TOC. Toss a reference to the controversy over his faith into the intro, then bury the list of facts (I might be biased against them because they're sort of ugly) somewhere in the article, parallel to where faith is talked about in the articles about other famous people. Perhaps, due to its contentious nature, spin it off into its own article, where it can grow into a more encyclopedic format. There's also a bunch of random criticisms and negative observations which, while appropriate for the article, are scattered sort of hodgepodge. The second most important biographical fact about Obama is not that his aunt is living in the United States illegally. Note that I'm -not- saying that it's not an important fact, it's just not a basic fact about Obama. Regardless of what he gets from the MSM, he doesn't deserve any sort of special treatment from CP. His article should be formatted in the same order as anybody else's, with random controversies and criticisms going into a controversies and criticisms section, in their own articles, or woven into sections of the biography where they are -directly- relevant. Given the number of sort of disconnected criticisms (like the "statements" section, which is great to read, but sort of unsituated), I really think a separate page for miscellaneous controversies and criticisms is warranted.[[User:DaveB7|DaveB7]] 16:16, 3 July 2009 (EDT)

== Pakistani pronounciation ==

"Obama uses the Muslim Pakistani pronunciation for "Pakistan" rather than the common American one." I don't see this as relevant evidence of anything, you gonna call World War II veterans french because they correctly pronounce Bastogne?

:Typical of liberal deflection, moral equivalence. Open your mind. It will indeed set you free. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 18:30, 8 July 2009 (EDT)

::Set me free? Sounds more like it will make me angry and make me start hating everybody that doesn't think the same thing as me.

:::Seems to me you already are, posting anonymously, not owning what you post. Godspeed to you! --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 20:05, 10 July 2009 (EDT)

I agree with the anonymous poster, using the correct pronunciation of a word is not evidence of someone's religion. Are foreign (non-Christian) leaders that know how to pronounce America like a native born American accused of being Christian? These kind of obviously biased statements were what Conservapedia was created to get rid of, isn't it?

==Updating a link==
Earlier tonight, somebody mentioned the reference link was broken, and suggested we remove that content. I snapped at him, for suggesting to remove that content, but it turns out the link actually is broken. I did a simple google search for the quote, and found hundreds of sources. Here's a few of the working links:

http://middleeast.about.com/b/2009/04/06/obama-in-turkey-at-the-gates-of-islam.htm
http://www.freep.com/article/20090604/NEWS05/906040435/
http://www.thetrumpet.com/?q=6235.4664.0.0

Can we replace the current reference 22 with this reference? [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 17:21, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

:I've unlocked it for you to update the link. Please edit in a constructive manner.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:20, 11 July 2009 (EDT)
::I would like to point out that the user who pointed out the broken link was [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=block&user=&page=User%3ABush20082012&year=&month=-1 blocked] infinitely for pointing it out. [[User:InnocenceIntent|InnocenceIntent]] 11:19, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

:::The reason provided for the block does not support your comment, and the user name chosen by the blocked user was ridiculous. But you want to spend your time as an advocate for that blocked user who has not made a single substantive edit, then please take it up with TK. Thanks and Godspeed.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 11:23, 11 July 2009 (EDT)
:::: I hate to disagree, and if the block was based on his name I am, but the only edits he made were to this page, about the broken link. [[User:InnocenceIntent|InnocenceIntent]] 11:25, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

Godspeed to you. I see you were previously blocked, or at least I intended to, because I deleted your user page:
<blockquote>
22:41, 12 April 2009 TK deleted "User:InnocenceIntent" ‎ (Troublemaker/Troll)
</blockquote>
Obviously I judged your intent not too innocent before, and your past edits show obvious trolling, including reverting an Admin:
<blockquote>
# 22:25, 12 April 2009 (hist) (diff) ACLU ‎ (Undo revision 652421 by Jpatt (Talk) My original revision was undone by patt due to a personal bias by the user.)
# 22:18, 12 April 2009 (hist) (diff) ACLU ‎ (adding information about how the ACLU has fought for Christians.)
</blockquote>
And I can now see why, again, since you didn't do what Aschlafly said to, and posted here again, rather than contacting me. Such actions (the reason(s) for so doing) are immediately obvious to those of us who have been around here for a while. --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 15:34, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

Andy, thank you for unlocking the page - I fixed the broken link, so if you'd like to re-lock, it should be fine now. I'm going to go ahead and check all the other links on the page, and if they're not working, find replacements. If I find anything, I'll post here. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 17:20, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

==Many Broken Links==
OK, this deserves its own section. There are many broken reference links, which I'm trying to find replacements for.

5, first link, doesn't seem to be working for me, but it might just be me. This link: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/2104131/posts would provide a reference for the same statement.

9 is broken, the page no longer exists. This link: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article6051268.ece would provide a reference for the same statement.

12 is broken, the page no longer exists. This link: http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=9fab8324-a1a1-4ad6-840f-76b04a405a65&CATEGORYNAME=INTER would provie a reference for the same statement.

19 has the same link listed twice. Nothing wrong with that, but it seems kind of sloppy to me.

Reference (23) is broken, the page no longer exists. This is my fault, since I just added it, but (22) is just fine as a single reference. So we can eliminate this broken link without replacement, especially for a statement that returns as many google hits as this one does.

Reference (26) is broken. This is a toughie - most online references are copy-paste of the Wikipedia article, which itself sites these books:
:A Brief History of The Fourteen Infallibles. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. 2004.
:l-Qarashi, Baqir Shareef (2007). The life of Imam Husain. Qum: Ansariyan Publications.
I don't have these books, and I haven't read them, so I don't know if they back up the reference.

Reference (28) links to a video which, by the decription provided by the uploader, attempts to discredit the quote being referenced. A shorter video which arrives at the quote in question faster is http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKGdkqfBICw

Reference (49) redirects to the blog's main page, and blog does not have a search feature. Regardless of whether link is broken or not, we should replace with http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0409/White_House_No_bow_to_Saudi.html which is more to the point.

References (56) and (57) are the same link, we can delete one for neatness.

Reference (61) isn't even a reference. Suggest instead using http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=26101

References (72), (73), and (75) are all broken. Suggest replacing all three with http://www.factcheck.org/askfactcheck/was_barack_obama_really_a_constitutional_law.html

Reference (89) is broken, but we can just link to Conservapedia's own [[Atheism and Uncharitableness]].

Reference (91) is broken, suggest replacement with http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2008/11/01/obama_campaign_to_return_aunts.html

References (97), (98), and (100) are broken. These were the same as (72), (73), (75), so we should have a single reference http://www.factcheck.org/askfactcheck/was_barack_obama_really_a_constitutional_law.html and have all 6 of these citations be to this one article.

Reference (115) is broken, replace with http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s110-2433

Reference (128) is broken, suggest replacement with http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/05/obamas-in-control-no-more_n_105407.html and rewrite of sentence which cites this reference.

References (129) and (130) are identical, suggest we delete one for neatness.

Reference (132) is broken, but will be difficult to replace. Citation is a direct reference to the reference and the authors of the reference. I'll work on this.

Reference (140) is broken, replace with http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/10/11/john-lewis-warns-mccain-y_n_133903.html

(150) is broken, replace with http://www.ontheissues.org/Social/Barack_Obama_Abortion.htm

(152-154, 158) each have two identical links, delete one each for neatness.

(163) isn't a reference, but maybe Andy has the review procedures lying around so we can cite them?

(171) Access denied - we shouldn't cite references that require subscriptions. Suggest http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1753197/posts for same content, by Limbaugh.

(182) is broken, replace with http://www.catholic.org/politics/story.php?id=28189

(184) is broken, replace with http://vodpod.com/watch/956078-obama-we-already-have-economic-disaster-from-john-mccains-president-george-w-bush

Suggest rewrite of last two paragraphs of "Politcal Views" section, to reflect his election and change "current president" to "George W. Bush"

(187-189) are broken, I'm still working on replacements.

(190) is broken, replace with http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1776246/posts

(191) has two identical links, delete one for neatness

(201) is broken, replace with http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/10/who_wrote_dreams_from_my_fathe_1.html

(203) is broken, replace with http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,370529,00.html?loomia_ow=t0:s0:a16:g12:r1:c0.487981:b25437592:z0

(209) is broken, replace with http://www.politicalbase.com/forums/topic/obama-rebukes-mccain-camp-on-terrorism-criticism/3781/

(215) and (217) are broken, replace both with http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/born_in_the_usa.html

[[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 18:20, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

That should be everything, though I might have missed something. Since it appears I can still edit the Obama page, I'm gonna go ahead and start this. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 18:45, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

:We should lock this article again, it's being vandalized already. I'll just copy the source into a word document, make the necessary changes, and alert a sysop when it's ready to go up. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 18:51, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

:: Thanks for identifying the broken links, but why not simply fix it directly? The entry is unprotected.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 19:45, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

::: Great work! I wonder why you deleted this, however: "After one debate against [[Hillary Clinton]] in Philadelphia, the Obama campaign announced that the questions were too difficult and that Obama would not agree to future debates with her."--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:52, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

:::: The source for that was missing, and I found a new link which supported the relevant statement in the article, but not that addendum in the references. The new reference I found does not make that statement verbatim, although, it's basically implied - I'll continue to look for a reference for that sentence. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 21:59, 11 July 2009 (EDT)
:::: I have been looking, and I can't find a source for this statement. I've re-added it with a citation needed. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 23:12, 11 July 2009 (EDT)

==Can someone insert this?==
My browser can't handle editing the page, can someone insert this under 'Election': In the weeks leading up to the election, Obama's staff worked to delay investigations by the [[Justice Department]] into allegations of voter fraud committed by [[ACORN]], Obama's former employer. In this way, hundreds of thousands, if not many more, votes may have been overcounted. [http://www.onenewsnow.com/Election2008/Default.aspx?id=297446] --[[User:JDelaney|JDelaney]] 21:28, 12 July 2009 (EDT)
:The link checks out, content's relevant, I added this material to the election section, but maybe it might be better placed in presidential campaign? Dunno. [[User:JDBowen|JDBowen]] 21:35, 12 July 2009 (EDT)
::Thanks, Mr. JDBowen! It may be better there; but I think that, since more people look at this page, it may be okay here, too. Whatever you decide, I'm just happy it's out here! --[[User:JDelaney|JDelaney]] 21:45, 12 July 2009 (EDT)

==liberal vandalism: mulatto==
While an accurate statement, it may be a derogatory slang (mule-like). User remains blocked for disobeying sysop, lying. Remove--[[User:Jpatt|Jpatt]] 00:34, 14 July 2009 (EDT)
:Um... yeah, it's extremely derogatory and it's still up. We might as well call him.. well, n******. I see you have the last edit, so I won't remove it - but is that an accident that it's still up? Can we please take that down? [[User:JacobB|JacobB]] 09:40, 14 July 2009 (EDT)

::It's obvious liberal vandalism, JacobB, and you could have fixed it directly yourself. Please do fix vandalism directly in the future as that is more efficient. Thanks and Godspeed.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 10:15, 14 July 2009 (EDT)

:: how is that ''liberal'' vandalism? obama's a democrat!

==Animal rights==

In an article entitled "Does President-Elect Obama Bring Hope for Animals?" [[PETA]] quotes Obama as saying,
:"I think how we treat our animals reflects how we treat each other. And it's very important that we have a president who is mindful of the cruelty that is perpetrated on animals." [http://blog.peta.org/archives/2008/11/does_president-.php]
Interesting. Wikipedia reports in its Animal Rights article,
:"On November 24, 1933, the ...animal protection law, was introduced, with [[Adolf Hitler]] announcing an end to animal cruelty: ..."In the new Reich, no more animal cruelty will be allowed." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_rights#1933:_Tierschutzgesetz]
[[Himmler]] likewise is famous for preaching kindness to animals [http://www.manasjournal.org/pdf_library/VolumeXIII_1960/XIII-11.pdf p.2]

Perhpas this area needs more study. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 12:17, 23 July 2009 (EDT)

::Great find! This is absolutely chilling. May God help us.[[User:Patriot1505|Patriot1505]] 13:48, 23 July 2009 (EDT)

== Kenya ==
Now that he have absolute proof that Obama was born in Kenya, can we change his place of birth ot Kenya? An image of the REAL Kenyan certificate was posted on the mainpage! Thanks!--[[User:IScott|IScott]] 13:42, 3 August 2009 (EDT)

*No. A news report, of such a certificate submitted to the U.S. District Court, is just that, a report, not a fact. Some of the other information, in the Main Page News section, about Obama's failure to disclose other information, if not already there, will be added. If and when the purported birth certificate is authenticated, we certainly will add that in! As for now, the article reads, ''as it always has, factually...his actual place of birth is open to question.'' --[[User:TK|'''ṬK''']]/Admin[[User_Talk:TK|/Talk]] 14:00, 3 August 2009 (EDT)

== George Obama article for upcoming content of CP Obama article ==

George Obama article for upcoming content of CP Obama article: http://www.zimbio.com/George+Hussein+Onyango+Obama/articles/3/George+Obama+Barack+Obama+Brother+Fights+Life [[User:Conservative|conservative]] 13:42, 20 August 2009 (EDT)

:Excellent work. And long overdue. Much of this material is available, it just need to consolidate in one place. ty [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 14:27, 20 August 2009 (EDT)

== Praise! ==
I applaud the men and women who have edited this article since the start of August! I cannot believe how much this evil man has done and tried to do in less than a month! Great job on revealing the lies and evil that surround this crook!--[[User:IScott|IScott]] 09:32, 24 August 2009 (EDT)

==Soetoro citation flaws==

The reference in the article's introduction to Obama's former/current(?) name of "Barry Soetoro" is sourced only to a short article on Pravda (RU). The first issue I take with this is the fact that the article itself does not concern Obama's/"Soetoro"'s true name, and doesn't seem to draw on any evidence regarding such, either. While, yes, the articles title is "Barry Soetoro aka Barack Obama vs World Leaders", the only mention within the article is that "no one knows his real name" - yet the article's title seems to assert that Pravda (possibly as part of a larger movement) does, in fact, know just that.

Secondly, the article's overall professionalism and coherence is in doubt. Note the claim that America is "a Nation under the control of mob rule." (Be aware of the false capitalization, also - a classic sign of non-intellect, mind you). Now, Conservapedia defines [[Mobocracy|mob rule]] as "the rule by a group of people unrestrained by any meaningful principles". Now, this seems an odd thing for Conservapedia to grant audience to, as this Obama article makes it quite clear that Obama/"Soetoro" ''has'' principles, immoral and anti-American has they may be, they remain principles (much as one may say atrocious actions make the perpetrator inhuman, but this allegation does not affect their biological status as a human).

So the point must be made that either Obama/"Soetoro" is a dictator (the homepage often makes that viewpoint quite clear) or America is under the rule of the people. It can not be both, without delving into figurative speaking.

So I ask, given all these flaws in logic, argument, sentiment, and general intelligence on the subject, why is this article given what amounts to top-billing on this prominent Conservative site, when it does little, if anything, to back-up the point? I imagine other editors out there have brought this up before, and I'm curious what consensus or reasoning, if any, was reached on the issue. Thank you for your time. [[User:MICasey|MICasey]] 07:29, 7 September 2009 (EDT)
:Not only does ''Pravda'' state no one knows his real name, it also states no one knows where he's from. Then it raises the issue, if he is indeed barred from holding office of president, do foreign agreements and treaties he signs have the force of law? While this issue is being discussed elsewhere in the world, it hasn't been considered in the United States at all. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 22:03, 8 September 2009 (EDT)

::Perhaps I wasn't very clear there. I'm aware of the related cover-up regarding Obama/Soetoro's origin, but the problem lies with the citation itself (however, if you wish to improve the page by elaborating on the "origin" controversy as well, be my guest). I found it odd that such a scatter-shot, incoherent source article (from ''Pravda'') was used to make this point.

::'''Basically, if the ''Pravda'' article states that ''no one knows his real name'', why is it used as a citation for the name of "Barry Soetoro"? Surely there is a source out there which details the methods by which the "Barry Soetoro" name was discovered in the first place. The only mention of it within the ''Pravda'' article is in the title.'''

[[User:MICasey|MICasey]] 23:38, 10 September 2009 (EDT)
:::Interesting point. Can you suggest any other sources?

:::Oh, and this recalls the old Soviet era joke about censorship in the two soviet communist official daily publications, "there is no ''Pravda'' in ''Izvestia'' and no ''Izvestia'' in ''Pravda''" (there is no ''Truth'' in the ''News'' and no ''News'' in the ''Truth''). But that was when both were openly commie rags. Let's give Glasnost a chance. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 01:18, 11 September 2009 (EDT)

::::Well, that's the problem. The only sources I can find are blogs - but even the '''most''' detailed ones only go so far as to say (and I'm paraphrasing here) "Barry Soetoro was Barack Obama's name in Indonesia", but again, these don't provide any documentation/interviews/quotes whatsoever. I'm afraid I tend to focus more on the man's policy than the controversies surrounding him - and I am, for the most part, willing to accept whatever good or bad comes along with such tunnel vision. So it's quite appalling that debates so rancorous turn out to be so hollow (perhaps the noise is product of the echo). Besides, if this "Soetoro" thing is true, I'd like to think that their was more discourse about how and why to include it in a biographical encyclopedia entry on BHO than someone doing a Google search and picking the first article with "Soetoro" in the title. [[User:MICasey|MICasey]] 11:00, 11 September 2009 (EDT)
:::::''Pravda'' is not a blog, in fact, ''Pravda'' has quite a long history and reputation as a mouth piece abnd critic of the United States. We are simply reporting what traditional critics of U.S. political system, society, and culture are saying. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 13:24, 11 September 2009 (EDT)
::::::I wasn't referring to ''Pravda'' when I mentioned blogs. I was referring to the sources I was able to find which ''did'' deal with the Soetoro name in the actual text of the article, which, as I said, even then were merely mentions of it rather than proof. If you can provide a source which '''''proves''''' the name, rather than mentioning it, you will have made a happy editor out of me. [[User:MICasey|MICasey]] 08:56, 12 September 2009 (EDT)
:::::::Ok, I see your reasoning now. If you can cite a source that ''proves'' George W. Bush lied about WMD rather than just mentioning it, you'd make a happy camper of me. too. [[User:RobSmith|Rob Smith]] 18:27, 12 September 2009 (EDT)
::::::::Oh, come on. I'm not trying to disprove the claim, and I know you're smart enough to have figured that out. I just want CP readers to have direct, streamlined access to the facts. And I wouldn't claim that Bush lied, anyway. [[User:MICasey|MICasey]] 21:39, 12 September 2009 (EDT)

==His Excellency the President of the United States and Her Majesty the Queen==

I will propose that you revist this statement: "At the G20 summit in April 2009, Obama bowed deeply to Saudi King Abdullah, a Muslim who is also the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.[135] Never before in the history of the U.S. has a president displayed such shocking deference to a foreign official and Obama has not bowed to any other royal leaders. Obama later stated, "We have to change our behavior in showing the Muslim world greater respect."[136] Obama's spin doctors and left-wing apologists dismissed the obviousness of the bow. One anonymous aide stated, "It wasn't a bow. He grasped his hand with two hands, and he's taller than King Abdullah."[137] However, in video of the incident, Obama's left hand can clearly be seen staying at his side until after he had finished his bow.[138] Additionally, Obama also met with Queen Elizabeth, who is much shorter than King Abdullah, but he did not bow when he shook her hand and neither he nor the queen appeared to have any difficulty." and view this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71N34K9EVLU. Here, you will see that His Excellency the Honourable Barack Obama bow twice to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second of the United Kingdom, and once to His Royal Highness the Prince Phillip.

== Funds from undisclosed sources? ==

Near the very beginning of the article, it states that Obama's campaign spent $700 million dollars, most of which was came from undisclosed donors. This information is cited. The source that this information came from actually shows that most of his funds ''did'' come from disclosed donors. I corrected this error, but it was reverted, and the reverter says the edit and sources should be discussed. Can we agree that the source (http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/summary.php?cid=N00009638) shows that over half of his money came from disclosed donors so that this bit of misinformation can be corrected? [[User:Chris3145|Chris3145]] 00:47, 23 September 2009 (EDT)

:Your cite does not support your claim. If you have a cite that provides disclosure for the identity of most of Obama's contributions, then post a link to it. You haven't done that, so the entry stays as is.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 12:57, 23 September 2009 (EDT)

::Check the above link again. My citation (which I got from the article, so it is Conservapedia's citation as well) very clearly shows that most of Obama's funds came from disclosed sources. Scroll down to where it says "How complete are this candidate's campaign finance reports?" to see that he gave full disclosure on $378,216,383 of funds, which amounts to 90.2% of funds from sources on which data is collected -- those that contribute $200 or more. Again, I got this source from Obama's article here on Conservapedia. [[User:Chris3145|Chris3145]] 16:17, 23 September 2009 (EDT)

:::I checked your cite again, and my conclusion remains the same. "Full disclosure" presumably means all that the law requires, which often is not the identity of the donor. The opinion that you rely on is unsupported. Conservapedia did not cite that source for the point you raise.

:::Nevertheless, in response to your point, I've improved the statement in the entry and added a quotation and citation to support it.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 16:50, 23 September 2009 (EDT)

::::Description of full disclosure from the website: "FULL DISCLOSURE: Includes full name and occupation / employer." This would be a statistic that is objective, observable, recordable, making it a fact. If the source is valid for some facts but not others that seems like some pretty strict cherry picking. Even in the source you provide there isn't even evidence that "much" of the funds came from undisclosed or fraudulent sources: the few examples provided would constitute an incredibly small portion of Obama's funds. I would guess most presidential candidates, with or without knowing it, have recieved money from sources that gave false names or addresses. While the statement in the article now still doesn't seem appropriately relevant or supported, it is an improvement over the blatant falsehood previously used. Others should investigate this to bring this article up to trustworthy standards. [[User:Chris3145|Chris3145]] 21:05, 23 September 2009 (EDT)

== Liberals and Uncharitableness, Liberal Politicians and Uncharitableness sections ==

There are two sections in the Obama's article about Liberals and Uncharitableness and Liberal Politicians and Uncharitableness. While this information is worth reading, these two sections are not really about Obama at all, and don't seem appropriate to include in the article in this manner. Both of these sections are summaries of articles on the given topics here on Conservapedia, and link to those articles. The sections themselves do not refer to Obama at all (only liberals -- or liberal politicians -- in general), and shouldn't be included in Obama's article unless we plan on adding the same sections to every page about liberals. It seems the best way to include this would be as links to those articles at the end of the section about Obama's uncharitableness -- as in "See also: Liberals and Uncharitableness, Liberal Politicians and Uncharitableness" sentence at the end of the descriptions of Obama's uncharitableness. [[User:Chris3145|Chris3145]] 14:13, 2 October 2009 (EDT)

== Nobel Peace Prize ==

Maybe Obama being one of the few presidents to win the Nobel Peace Prize should be noted in the introduction of the article.--[[User:AFM|AFM]] 18:25, 14 October 2009 (EDT)

== Minor fix ==

Under the section "Obama is likely the first Muslim President," there is a wikilink to "Barack Obama," which redirects back to "Barack Hussein Obama."
There is another wikilink to "Barack Obama" under the section "Primary election (2004)." These should both be delinked. -[[User:CSGuy|CSGuy]] 13:25, 18 October 2009 (EDT)

Semiprime

2009-10-18T16:54:33Z

CSGuy:

A '''semiprime''' is the product of two (possibly equal) [[prime number]]s.

Other names for a "semiprime" are biprime, 2-[[almost prime]], and pq-number.

[[Encryption]] algorithms, including [[RSA]] [[encryption]], typically rely on special large semiprimes. A table of such semiprimes is listed at [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Semiprime.html MathWorld semiprime].

Interestingly, though the [[Goldbach conjecture]] in its full form remains intractable to current techniques, a related related result for semiprimes has been known since the 1970s. The work of Chen Jingrun showed that every even number is either the sum of two primes, or the sum of a prime and a semiprime. It has also been shown that there exist infinitely many primes ''p'' such that ''p''+2 is either a prime or a semiprime. Primes that have this property are known as Chen primes.<ref>http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ChenPrime.html</ref>

==References==
<references />
==External Links==
*[http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A001358 Semiprimes] at the OEIS

[[Category:Number Theory]]

They Might Be Giants

2009-10-18T13:01:52Z

CSGuy: Created page with '{{stub}} '''They Might Be Giants''' is an alternative rock group founded in 1982. Among their best-known songs are "Birdhouse In Your Soul," "Particle Man," and a cover of "Ista...'

{{stub}}
'''They Might Be Giants''' is an alternative rock group founded in 1982. Among their best-known songs are "Birdhouse In Your Soul," "Particle Man," and a cover of "Istanbul (Not Constantinople)."

==External Links==
*[http://www.theymightbegiants.com/ Official Website]

[[Category:Alternative Rock Bands]]

Joe Biden

2009-10-18T12:52:54Z

CSGuy:

{{President
|image=Joe Biden, official photo.jpg|200px|Joseph Biden
|seq=47
|office=vice
|term_start=January 20, 2009
|term_end=Present
|party=Democrat
|pres=Barack Hussein Obama
|previous=Richard Cheney
|next=Incumbent
|birth_date=November 20, 1942
|birth_place=Scranton, Pennsylvania
|age={{age|1942|11|20}}
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=[[Jill Biden]]
|spouse2=
|religion=[[Roman Catholic]]
}}

'''Joe Biden''' (born Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr. on 20 November 1942) is the Vice President of the United States. Biden, notorious for his long-winded speeches and his foot-in-mouth moments, is an expert on foreign affairs, as noted by his support of opening a new front on the War on Terror in 2003. He is a staunch liberal on domestic policy, and is the first Catholic Vice President.

He won few votes when running for [[2008 Presidential election|president in 2008]]; he dropped out after placing fifth in Iowa in January, 2008. Biden became Barack Obama's vice-presidential running mate. His campaign stressed his Irish Catholic roots in appeals to working class Democrats, who had deserted Obama in the primaries but returned in the fall.

Biden, senator from [[Delaware]] 1973-2009, chaired the Senate Judiciary Committee and subsequently the Committee on Foreign Relations. Biden in 2007 was ranked as the third most liberal Senator by the non-partisan ''National Journal''. <ref>http://www.nationaljournal.com/conventions/co_20080823_9669.php</ref> He previously ran for President in 1988 but dropped out of the race after admitting he had [[plagiarism#Joe Biden|plagiarized ]] a speech by the leader of the British Labour Party.<ref>
[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50116538.html?FMT=FT&dids=50116538:50116538&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+20,+1987&author=JOHN+HARWOOD&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&desc=Biden's+way+with+words+now+seems+to+be+a+liability&pf=1 Biden's way with words now seems to be a liability] - St. Petersburg Times - Sep 20, 1987</ref> Joe Biden's son Beau, who was elected Attorney General of Delaware in 2006, is currently serving in Iraq as a military attorney, and is a likely candidate for Biden's old Senate seat in 2010.<ref>http://updatedfrequently.com/beau-biden-ships-out-to-iraq</ref>

==Early Life and Education==
Biden was born at Scranton State General Hospital in Scranton, [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="timeline">Joe Biden Timeline [http://biden.senate.gov/senator/timeline/]</ref> and grew up in New Castle County, Delaware, <ref name="bio">Joe Biden Biography [http://biden.senate.gov/senator/]</ref> in a middle class family. His father was a white collar businessmen who did well, but had fallen on hard times when Biden was a youth.<ref name="bluecollar">http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/08/joe_bidens_mythical_bluecollar.html</ref> Biden attended Archmere Academy, a private Catholic college-preparatory high school in the Wilmington, Delaware area, graduating in 1961.<ref name="bio" /> Biden took a summer job to help his family pay for his schooling.<ref name="bluecollar" /><ref>Archmere Academy [http://www.archmereacademy.com/Default.aspx?tabid=74]Tuition for 2008-2009 is $18,450.</ref> He graduated from the University of Delaware in 1965, and from the Syracuse University College of Law in 1968 near the bottom of his class.<ref name="bio" /> While attending Syracuse Law School, he submitted a paper in which he plagiarized from a law review article. After receiving a grade of F, he was permitted to retake the course.<ref>Biden Admits Plagiarism in School But Says It Was Not 'Malevolent', By E. J. DIONNE JR., SPECIAL TO THE NEW YORK TIMES, Published: September 18, 1987 [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE3DB143FF93BA2575AC0A961948260]</ref>

In 1966, while still in law school, Biden married Neilia Hunter.<ref name="timeline" /> They had three children together: Joseph R. "Beau" Dien, III, Robert Hunter, and Naomi. Shortly after his election to the Senate in 1972, his wife and infant daughter were killed in a car accident, and his two sons were seriously injured.<ref name="timeline" /> He eventually remarried to Dr. Jill Biden (nee Jacobs), an educator in Delaware's schools.<ref name="bio" /> She currently is an instructor<ref>http://www.dtcc.edu/catalog/pdf/personnel.pdf</ref> teaching at Delaware Technical Community College. Together, the couple added a daughter, Ashley Biden, to the family.<ref name="bio" />

Since 1991, Biden has been an [[adjunct professor]] at the Widener University School of Law, where he teaches a seminar on constitutional law.<ref name="bio" />

==United States Senate==
[[Image:Biden_on_Meet_the_Press.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Biden on Meet The Press, 09/09/07]] Biden took office on January 3, 1973, at age 30, becoming the fifth-youngest U.S. Senator in [[United States]] history. He was later reelected five times. Biden calls himself pro-choice and opposed president [[George W. Bush]]'s two nominees to the U.S. [[Supreme court]]. On [[Roe v. Wade]] he said, "I strongly support Roe v. Wade....That’s why I led the fight to defeat [Robert] Bork. Thank [[God]] he is not in the Court or Roe v. Wade would be gone by now." <ref>http://nrlc.org/Election2008/comparison0909084c.pdf</ref> He received a 100% rating from [[NARAL Pro-Choice America]] in 2001, 2004, 2005 and 2006. <ref>http://www.votesmart.org/issue_rating_category.php?can_id=53279</ref> However, not in other years because of his opposition to [[partial-birth abortion]] and public funding for abortions. <ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/Social/Joe_Biden_Abortion.htm</ref> On government spending Biden requested 116 congressional earmarks in 2008 alone, resulting in $342 million in taxpayer money. <ref>http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/09/23/biden.earmarks/?iref=hpmostpop</ref> He is a strong opponent of 2nd-amendment rights, earning an F by the [[National Rifle Association]]. Biden has also voted to give [[Social Security]] benefits and citizenship to [[illegal aliens]]. On energy, he opposes more domestic oil production, saying proponents of offshore drilling want to "rape" the Outer Continental Shelf. <ref>http://www.votesmart.org/speech_detail.php?sc_id=400058</ref>

As chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Biden was a major player in making foreign policy. He voted against the Persian [[Gulf War]] in 1991, but voted for the Iraq War Resolution in 2002, although he now criticizes the management of the war. He voted against setting a timetable for troop withdrawal and is against cutting off funding for the troops on the ground. In a 2005 interview with Meet the Press, Biden said, "I’ve been calling for more troops [in Iraq] for over two years, along with [[John McCain]] and others subsequent to my saying that." On July 23, 2007 Biden said, "there's not a single [[military]] man in this [[audience]], who will tell this Senator he can get those troops out in six months if the order goes today, lets start telling the truth." <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wylferBh3IA</ref> He has also proposed dividing the Iraqi Population by giving Kurds, Shiites and Sunnis their own regions.

Biden was a long-time member of the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary, which he chaired from 1987 until 1995 and served as ranking minority member from 1981 until 1987 and again from 1995 until 1997. He almost never supported a supreme court nominee who was not in his party and presided over two of the more contentious [[U.S. Supreme Court]] confirmation hearings ever, [[Robert Bork]] in 1987 and the [[racism|racially motivated]] hearings for [[Clarence Thomas]]<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egTyaIAaqz8 Clarence Thomas High-Tech Lynching]</ref> in 1991.

Joe Biden has close ties with lobbyists, receiving $5,133,072 in contributions from [[lawyer]]s and [[lobbyist]]s since 2003. <ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0808/12735.html</ref> One of Biden’s sons, Hunter Biden, has been a registered [[Washington]] lobbyist since 2001. <ref>http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2008-08-24-Biden-son_N.htm</ref>

==Controversial comments==
*During the 2005 confirmation hearings for Justice [[John Roberts]], Biden asked Roberts, "Can a microscopic tag be planted in someones body to track his every move, you will rule on that." <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbPvWm9ZkYw</ref>

*In July 2006, while speaking to a group of Indian-Americans in Delaware, Biden stated, "You cannot go to a 7-11 or a Dunkin' Donuts unless you have a slight Indian accent. I'm not joking." His comment was caught on C-SPAN. <ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/13757367/</ref>

*In August of 2006, Biden was on [[Fox News]] Sunday and bragged about his state being a former [[slave]] state. "You don't know my state. My state was a slave state. My state is a border state. My state is the eighth largest black population in the country. My state is anything from a northeast liberal state." <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFduMuP7v-k</ref>

*Talking about his fellow Democratic presidential candidate [[Barack Obama]] he said in January of 2007, "I mean, you got the first mainstream African-American who is articulate and bright and clean and a nice-looking guy, ... I mean, that's a storybook, man." <ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/31/biden.obama/</ref>

*In March 2007, Biden was criticizing President [[George W. Bush]] for vetoing a bill that would set a time line for troops to be removed from Iraq, saying that [[Congress]] should "shove it down his throat."<ref>http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2007/5/1/144042.shtml?s=us</ref>

*Joe Biden once told voters that his [[helicopter]] was "forced down" on "the superhighway of terror" by Afghan extremists. When actually, snow forced the helicopter pilot to land and wait out a [[storm]]. <ref>http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,431604,00.html</ref>

*In the Oct. 2008 VP debate, Biden made numerous misstatements, on topics ranging from the Constitution to the Mideast. <ref>http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,433314,00.html</ref>

==1988 Presidential Campaign==
Joe Biden announced his candidacy for President in 1987. He ran on his experience, saying in an campaign advertisement "The [[White House]] isn't the place to learn how to deal with international crisis, the balance of power, war and peace, and the economic future of the next generation." His campaign was short-lived due to controversies. While campaigning in [[New Hampshire]] in 1987, a reporter asked about his grades in college, to which Biden yelled, "I think I have a much higher I.Q. than you do." He went on to say that he "went to law school on a full academic scholarship - the only one in my class to have a full academic scholarship" adding that he "ended up in the top half" of his class (which is false){{fact}} and "graduated with three degrees from college" (which is also false).{{fact}}

Later in the campaign he was found to have plagiarized a speech from British Labour Party (UK) leader [[Neil Kinnock]]. The plagiarism was considered all the more serious, because it included details of Kinnock's life which were not true in Biden's case. Biden dropped out of the race in December 1987, and did not participate in the 1988 Democratic caucuses and primaries.

== 2004 Presidential Campaign ==
Joe Biden considered running as a Presidential candidate for the 2004 elections, but then decided against it, saying that it would be "now too much of a long shot."<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/special/president/candidates/whos.in.out.html CNN: Who is in, who is out 2004]</ref>. He was later mentioned as a possible running mate for Democratic Senator [[John Kerry]], but he instead urged Kerry to chose Senator John McCain.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4961694/</ref>

== 2008 Presidential Campaign ==

Biden declared his candidacy for [[President]] on January 31, 2007 after months of prior discussions, but later withdrew after the [[Iowa Caucus]] when his candidacy failed to catch on with the voters.<ref> FOX News: [http://youdecide08.foxnews.com/2008/01/04/chris-dodd-abandons-presidential-campaign-after-poor-showing-in-iowa/ Biden, Dodd Bow Out of Presidential Race After Poor Showings in Iowa]</ref>

He ran on his foreign policy experience and credentials in the Senate. On November 15, 2007, during the CNN presidential debate, he said

"This is not about experience. It's not about change. It's about action. Who among us is going to be able to, on Day 1, step in and end the war?".

In the 2007 ABC debate with the Democratic presidential candidates, Biden was asked about the statement he made earlier regarding [[Barack Obama]]. He said:

<blockquote>"I think he can be ready but right now, I don’t believe he is. The presidency is not something that lends itself to on-the-job training." Biden replied "I think that I stand by the statement." <ref>[http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/08/23/mccain-launches-tv-ad-using-bidens-words-against-obama/ McCain Launches TV Ad Using Biden’s Words Against Obama] Fox News, August 23, 2008</ref></blockquote>

Joe Biden withdrew from the presidential race on January 3, after coming 5th in the Iowa caucus, receiving only 1% of the vote.

==Vice Presidential Nomination==
[[Image:0.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Biden campaigning for Barack Obama, 09/24/08]] Biden had been mentioned as a Vice Presidential candidate for Senator [[Barack Obama]], in that he would add foreign policy experience to the ticket. When asked in June over the speculation, Biden stated, "I'd make a great president. I'd make a great [[Secretary of State]]. I'd make a great vice president." <ref>The Hill's Blog Briefing Room: [http://briefingroom.thehill.com/2008/06/17/biden-id-make-a-great-president-secretary-of-state-vice-president/ Biden: I'd Make a Great President, Secretary of State, Vice President]</ref> On August 19th, Biden was asked by reporters of his VP status, to which he replied "Hey guys, I'm not the guy. See ya." <ref>[http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalradar/2008/08/biden-on-obamas.html?cid=127045696 Biden on Obama's VP Pick: 'I'm Not The Guy'] ABC News, August 19, 2008</ref>

In August 2005 Biden paradoxically and nonsensically said, "[[John McCain]] is a personal friend, a great friend, and I would be honored to run with or against John McCain, because I think the country would be better off."<ref>National Review Online: [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NGRhNzJlMWY5NjdiNzhjMTRkYjMzNjYwOGJmYzNjMTY= 'Just Words' That Joe Biden Would Like To Forget]</ref>

However, on August 23rd it was announced that Biden would be Obama's 2008 running mate. They appeared together in [[Springfield]], [[Illinois]]. Obama proudly introduced Senator Biden,
''

''"Let me introduce to you, the next president — the next vice president of the United States of America, Joe Biden."''

Biden took the stage and endorsed Obama, saying,
''

''"In this election year the choice is clear, one man stands ready to deliver change we desperately need, a man I'm proud to call my friend, a man who will be the next President of the [[United States]], Barack America."''
''

Obama hoped Biden would help the ticket in multiple ways:

* Biden has extensive foreign policy experience in the United States Senate and as such could have helped to bolster Obama's comparative lack of experience in this area.
* Biden is [[Catholic]], and Obama was weak with that key voting bloc; however, the [[Catholic Church]] may have taken offense at Biden's pro-[[abortion]] positions (see below).
* Biden was born in [[Pennsylvania]], a must-win state for Obama where he was thought to be weak;<ref>[[Hillary Clinton]] defeated Obama by a wide margin in the [[Pennsylvania]] primary; in August polls show Obama leading McCain by an average of only 5.8% in [[Pennsylvania]] [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2008/president/pa/pennsylvania_mccain_vs_obama-244.html RealClearPolitics Pennsylvania Tracking]</ref>
* Biden's son is going to [[Iraq]], which may have helped to rehabilitate Obama's image as anti-military; however, Biden himself never served.

Almost immediately after his selection, the conflict between his pro-[[abortion]] position and that of his church surfaced:<ref>Reuters: [http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS29316+23-Aug-2008+PRN20080823 Choice of Biden Re-Opens Catholic Wound]</ref>

:Biden has said: "I am a long-standing supporter of ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' and a woman's right to choose." But Biden's own bishop, Bishop Michael Saltarelli of Wilmington, Del., has ... denounced the notion that politicians can 'personally oppose' abortion, but refuse to pass laws protecting the unborn. He made clear that pro-abortion Catholic politicians should refrain from receiving the Eucharist:

:"The promotion of abortion by any Catholic is a grave and serious matter. Objectively, according to the constant teaching of the Scriptures and the Church, it would be more spiritually beneficial for such a person to refrain from receiving the Body and Blood of Christ. I ask Catholics in this position to have the integrity to respect the Eucharist, Catholic teaching and the Catholic faithful."

In September of the campaign Biden asked [[Missouri]] State Senator Chuck Graham, who has [[paralysis]], to "Stand up, Chuck, let 'em see you. Oh, God love you. What am I talking about? I tell you what, you're making everybody else stand up, though, pal. I tell you what, stand up for Chuck." <ref>http://www.rushlimbaugh.com/home/daily/site_091008/content/01125107.guest.html</ref>

Biden's [[Republican]] opponent for the Vice Presidency was [[Alaska]] [[Governor]] [[Sarah Palin]]. They participated in their first and only Vice Presidential debate on October 2nd in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]]. Biden was elected the 47th Vice President of the United States on November 4, 2008.

==Vice Presidency==
[[File:Biden-flu.jpg|thumb|300px]] Biden's responsibilities as vice president are not yet clear. He has no specific portfolio of responsibilities. He alarmed the nation on April 30, 2009, by going on network television to warn Americans to stay out of confined spaces such as subways and airplanes, lest they catch [[Swine Flu]]. People health officials rejected his scare tactics and the White House immediately repudiated them.

Under President Obama the budget [[deficit]] reached over $1 trillion for the first time in history. When asked over the fate of the United States' going into bankruptcy, Biden stated at an [[AARP]] meeting, "Now, people when I say that look at me and say, "What are you talking about, Joe? You’re telling me we have to go spend money to keep from going bankrupt?’" Biden said. "The answer is yes, that's what I’m telling you." <ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/Content/Article.aspx?rsrcid=51162</ref>

==See also==
*[[2008 Presidential Election]]
*[[John McCain]]
*[[Democratic Party]]
[[category:Obama Administration]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External Links==
*[http://biden.senate.gov/ Official Site]
*[http://www.ontheissues.org/Senate/Joe_Biden.htm Biden On the Issues]
*[http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/b000444/ Voting Record]
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000444, Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]
*[http://www.joebiden.com/ Presidential Race Site]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Biden, Joseph}}
{{USVicePresidents}}

[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:2008 Presidential Candidates]]
[[Category:Obama Administration]]
[[Category:Democratic Party]]
[[Category:Liberals]]
[[Category:Reagan Era]]
[[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States]]
[[Category:Catholic Politicians]]
[[Category:Irish-Americans]]

Gasoline prices

2009-10-18T12:43:29Z

CSGuy:

{{stub}}

[[John Boehner]] wrote:
:In April 2006, then-House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, California Democrat, promised the American people a "commonsense plan" to lower gasoline prices. Two years later, House Democrats have not only failed to offer any meaningful solutions, but they have actually put forward policies that will have precisely the opposite effect. As a result, Americans are paying nearly $1.50 more per gallon at the pump than when Mrs. Pelosi became speaker. [http://www.washingtontimes.com/article/20080522/EDITORIAL/843689048/1013]

Oil and gasoline prices often move in the same direction, but they aren't linked directly. In fact, while oil prices have more than doubled in the past year, gasoline is only up about 19 percent during the same time. [http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008May23/0,4670,MoneyintheTankABRIDGED,00.html AP Business]]
[[Category:Economics]]

Violent video games

2009-10-07T02:41:40Z

CSGuy: I should really finish Silent Hill. Great game to play in the dark.

'''Violent video games''' are [[video games]] that teach and encourage the players -- typically children -- to engage in horrific virtual violence. Teenagers playing these games are desensitized to violent and criminal acts<ref>http://www.townhall.com/columnists/PhyllisSchlafly/2008/04/07/violent_video_games_held_to_be_free_speech?page=2 </ref><ref>http://www.apa.org/science/psa/sb-anderson.html</ref>. In a particular study specifically children who were diagnosed with neurotic behavior and predisposition to aggression reacted to violent stimuli brought by video games, though not all of them showed aggressive behavior as a consequence<ref>http://www.qj.net/Study-Violent-games-don-t-alter-normal-kids/pg/49/aid/88522</ref>.

Examples of violent video games include:

* [[Grand Theft Auto]] (series) -- The series, which now spans ten games, is considered a "sandbox" game where a player can roam around a virtual city at will. The player is able to obtain many different types of weapons, murder anyone they encounter including other criminals and prostitutes, innocent bystanders, and even police officers. One of the games also included a modification that allowed a player to engage in graphic sexual acts in the game; however this was not made for the public and was found long after the original release.

* [[Doom]] and [[Quake]] are first person shooter games wherein a player roams around various levels killing various demonic creatures. The games have been described as murder simulators and were blamed as inspiration for the [[Columbine Massacre]] as well as other [[school shooting]]s.

* Postal 2: Apocalypse Weekend (M-rated) -- The ads for this first-person shooter boast that new weapons will enable you "to hack your enemies to meaty bits!" It involves a game character who commits violent acts against unarmed civilians. Other features in the Postal series include: urinating on people to make them vomit in disgust, using cats as shotgun silencers, and playing fetch with dogs using human heads.

* The Punisher (M-rated) -- Game player is able to jam knives into victims' sternums and pull up to increase the damage, cut off heads, ram a character's open mouth onto a curb, run a character over with a forklift, rip a character's arms off with an industrial hook, and set a character on fire in an electric chair.

* Resident Evil (series) (M-rated) -- Includes chainsaw decapitations and impalements, and zombies and other monsters ripping off other characters' throats and biting off their heads. A promotional chainsaw shaped controller was released with Resident Evil 4.

* Manhunt (M-rated) -- Game player's character is James Earl Cash, a convicted serial killer facing execution. The execution is ordered to be faked so that a character named "The Director" can use Cash as a star in a series of snuff films. As the Cash character kills other characters, by suffocating them with a plastic bag, slicing them up with a chainsaw, shooting them point blank with a nail gun, stabbing them in the eyeballs with a glass shard, or beheading them with a cleaver, The Director makes sexually vulgar comments. The game has two difficulty settings: fetish and hardcore.

* God of War (M-rated) -- Game features disembowelment, mouth-stabbing, eye-gouging, severed limbs, and human sacrifice.

* Silent Hill 1-4 -- large portions of these games involve roaming around decaying buildings and beating hideously malformed humanoid monsters to death with blunt instruments.

* Condemned -- Requires the player to bludgeon NPC's to death.

The Court of Appeals for the [[Eighth Circuit]] declared this to be [[free speech]] and struck down a [[Minnesota]] law that prohibited minors from purchasing or renting video games bearing a "Mature" or "Adult Only" rating.<ref>''Entm't Software Ass'n v. Swanson'', 2008 U.S. App. LEXIS 5634 (8th Cir. Mar. 17, 2008).</ref>

==See also==
* [[Video games]]

==References==
<references/>

==Sources==
* [http://worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=60631 Violent video games free speech?]

[[Category:Video Games]]

Srinivasa Ramanujan

2009-10-05T23:29:31Z

CSGuy: Ibid. doesn't work well in wikis.

'''Srinivasa Ramanujan''' was an [[Indian]] [[mathematician]] who had many equational insights about [[number theory]]. These insights often did not come with proofs, and though many were true, many also turned out to be false.

He claimed that he received some of these insights from [[Hindu]] gods in his dreams or in drops of blood.<ref name="pickover">A Passion for Mathematics: Numbers, Puzzles, Madness, Religion, and the Quest for Reality
By Clifford A. Pickover</ref> Some Christians have criticized this, saying that such shallow (no proofs) insights, some of which were false prophecies, may very well have come from [[Satan]].<ref name="pickover" />

==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramanujan, Srinivasa}}
[[Category:Mathematicians]]

Gospel of Mark (Translated)

2009-10-05T23:21:17Z

CSGuy: The mental image of Jesus saying "shut up" amuses me to no end.

The '''Gospel according to Mark''' is the second [[Gospel]] in the [[New Testament]], but most likely the first to be written and the only one that introduces itself as a "gospel".

[[Mark]] (or John Mark), its author, was most likely the young son (perhaps ten years old) of a woman who was a follower and supporter of [[Jesus]]. Mark was a close aide to and possibly a scribe for Peter, who referred to him as his "son".<ref>1 Peter 5:13</ref>

The Gospel of Mark focuses more on human frailties and weaknesses than the other Gospels, and devotes less attention to the parables. Mark apparently describes his own shame as he witnessed and fled from Jesus's arrest: "A certain young man was following him, wearing nothing but a linen cloth. They caught hold of him, but he left the linen cloth and ran off naked."<ref>Mark 14:51-52 ([[New Revised Standard Version]]).</ref>

The theme of this Gospel is that suffering and loss are not always bad; for Christians they are the way to eternal life.

There are about 678 verses in the Gospel of Mark; translating merely six verses a day would result in a complete translation of this Gospel in less than four months.<ref>http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/NT-Statistics-Greek.htm</ref>

==Chapter 1==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;
|This begins the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;
|implicit subject-verb included, with greater conciseness
|-
|2
|As it is written in the prophets, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.nta
|As the prophets wrote, Listen, "I send my messenger before you, who shall shall clear your way."
|should Isaiah be mentioned specifically?
|-
|3
|The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.
|The messenger preaches among skeptics, "Prepare for the way of the Lord and make straight His path."
|
|-
|4
|John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins.
|John did baptize in the desert, preaching repentance and the forgiveness of sins.
|conciseness and clarity: desert, not wilderness
|-
|5
|And there went out unto him all the land of Judaea, and they of Jerusalem, and were all baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their sins.
|And countless people from the Judaea and Jerusalem went to him, confessing their sins and receiving baptism in the Jordan River.
|
|-
|6
|And John was clothed with camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins; and he did eat locusts and wild honey;
|John survived on bare necessities, wearing a camel's hair habit with a leather belt; his food consisted of locusts and wild honey;
|
|-
|7
|And preached, saying, There cometh one mightier than I after me, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose.
|And preached, declaring "There will be someone so much greater that I am not even fit to stoop and untie his sandal straps."
|
|-
|8
|I indeed have baptized you with water: but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost.
|"I have baptized you with water, but He shall baptize you with the Divine Guide."
|tentatively using "Divine Guide" per talk page. "With the power of the" seems somewhat awkward.
|-
|9
|And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan.
|Jesus then appeared from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized by John in the Jordan River.
|
|-
|10
|And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him:
|And as Jesus emerged from the water, the heavens opened and the Divine Guide descended like a dove upon Him:
|See 8.
|-
|11
|And there came a voice from heaven, saying, Thou art my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
|A voice came from heaven declaring, "You are my beloved Son whom I love dearly."
|
|-
|12
|And immediately the Spirit driveth him into the wilderness.
|The Divine Guide then led Jesus into the desert.
|it was more a desert than a wilderness. See 8 re. Guide.
|-
|13
|And he was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted of Satan; and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered unto him.
|He remained in the desert for forty days, where Satan tempted Him; and was with wild animals as the angels protected Him.
|
|-
|14
|Now after that John was put in prison, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God,
|Next, after John was imprisoned, Jesus arrived in Galilee and preached the gospel of the kingdom of God,
|
|-
|15
|And saying, The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye, and believe the gospel.
|Saying "The time is fulfilled and the kingdom of God is at hand. Repent and believe the good news."
|Gospel (good news) has come to refer to these works themselves, which could prove confusing.
|-
|16
|Now as he walked by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew his brother casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.
|As He walked by the Sea of Galilee, He Saw Simon and his brother Andrew casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen,
|
|-
|17
|And Jesus said unto them, Come ye after me, and I will make you to become fishers of men.
|And Jesus said to them, "Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men."
|
|-
|18
|And straightway they forsook their nets, and followed him.
|Setting aside their nets at once, they followed him.
|straightway and forsook are largely unused. Did forsake mean to simply "set aside" or more forcefully "abandon"?
|-
|19
|And when he had gone a little further thence, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who also were in the ship mending their nets.
|When He had traveled a little further, He saw James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother, who were also in a ship, mending their nets.
|Is there a reason this uses "the ship" as opposed to "a ship"?
|-
|20
|And straightway he called them: and they left their father Zebedee in the ship with the hired servants, and went after him.
|He called to them, and they left their father Zebedee and his workers aboard the ship, and went after Jesus.
|"hired servant" antiquated. Aboard a ship, it could be workers, employees, or simply crew.
|-
|21
|And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught.
|They went into Capernaum and He entered the synagogue on the sabbath to teach.
|
|-
|22
|And they were astonished at his doctrine: for he taught them as one that had authority, and not as the scribes.
|There, the listeners were astonished by his doctrine, for He taught as a man of great authority, not as a scribe.
|"They" is a needlessly vague term for the audience
|-
|23
|And there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit; and he cried out,
|A possessed man was in the synagogue shouting,
|
|-
|24
|Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee who thou art, the Holy One of God.
|"Let us alone, Jesus of Nazareth, for we're none of your business. Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are, the Holy One of God."
|
|-
|25
|And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him.
|Jesus then rebuked the evil spirit, "Shut up and depart from him."
|Isn't the evil spirit better translated as "Satan"? Perhaps that's not fully justified.
|-
|26
|And when the unclean spirit had torn him, and cried with a loud voice, he came out of him.
|The evil spirit then ripped away from the possessed man, cried out in a loud voice, and came out of him.
|
|-
|27
|And they were all amazed, insomuch that they questioned among themselves, saying, What thing is this? what new doctrine is this? for with authority commandeth he even the unclean spirits, and they do obey him.
|The bystanders were all amazed, and asked each other, "What explains this? Is this a new doctrine? He acted with authority in ordering the evil spirits, and they obeyed him!"
|
|-
|28
|And immediately his fame spread abroad throughout all the region round about Galilee.
|Jesus's fame spread immediately throughout Galilee.
|
|-
|29
|And forthwith, when they were come out of the synagogue, they entered into the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John.
|As soon as Jesus's group left the synagogue, they entered along with James and John the home of Simon and Andrew.
|
|-
|30
|But Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever, and anon they tell him of her.
|But Simon's mother-in-law was in bed sick with a fever, and Jesus was told.
|
|-
|31
|And he came and took her by the hand, and lifted her up; and immediately the fever left her, and she ministered unto them.
|So he came and, taking her by her hand, helped her stand up; whereupon the fever immediately passed, and she served the others.
|
|-
|32
|And at even, when the sun did set, they brought unto him all that were diseased, and them that were possessed with devils.
|At sundown the people brought to Jesus many sick people, and many possessed by the devil,
|
|-
|33
|And all the city was gathered together at the door.
|And all the city's people gathered at his door.
|
|-
|34
|And he healed many that were sick of divers diseases, and cast out many devils; and suffered not the devils to speak, because they knew him.
|Jesus healed many who were diseased, and he cast out many devils; he commanded the devils to be silent, because they knew Jesus as God.
|
|-
|35
|And in the morning, rising up a great while before day, he went out, and departed into a solitary place, and there prayed.
|In the early morning, before dawn, he left to pray in a solitary place.
|
|-
|36
|And Simon and they that were with him followed after him.
|Simon and the others followed him,
|
|-
|37
|And when they had found him, they said unto him, All men seek for thee.
|And finding him, told him "All men wish to find you."
|Seems a bit awkward
|-
|38
|And he said unto them, Let us go into the next towns, that I may preach there also: for therefore came I forth.
|Jesus replied, "Let us travel to the next towns, so I may preach in them too, for that is the reason I came."
|
|-
|39
|And he preached in their synagogues throughout all Galilee, and cast out devils.
|And he preached in the synagogues and cast out devils throughout Galilee.
|
|-
|40
|And there came a leper to him, beseeching him, and kneeling down to him, and saying unto him, If thou wilt, thou canst make me clean.
|A leper came to him, kneeling and imploring him, saying, "If you wish it, you can cure my illness."
|"Make clean" replaced with the modern concept "cure." Does this change/mask the meaning?
|-
|41
|And Jesus, moved with compassion, put forth his hand, and touched him, and saith unto him, I will; be thou clean.
|Jesus was moved by compassion, and putting out his hand to touch him, replied, "I will. Be cured."
|See 40.
|-
|42
|And as soon as he had spoken, immediately the leprosy departed from him, and he was cleansed.
|Immediately after Jesus had spoken, the leprosy departed the man, and he was cured.
|See 40.
|-
|43
|And he straitly charged him, and forthwith sent him away;
|Jesus ordered him to leave at once;
|
|-
|44
|And saith unto him, See thou say nothing to any man: but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer for thy cleansing those things which Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.
|And said to him, "Tell no one, but be on your way and show yourself to the priest, offering in thanks for your healing what Moses commanded and this will serve as testimony to others."
|
|-
|45
|But he went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter, insomuch that Jesus could no more openly enter into the city, but was without in desert places: and they came to him from every quarter.
|But the cured man immediately announced to all what had happened, and the publicity made it impossible for Jesus to move about; he withdrew to the desert, but the people still came to him from everywhere.
|
|}

==Chapter 2==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And again he entered into Capernaum, after some days; and it was noised that he was in the house.
|He returned to Capernaum and, after several days there, news spread of where he was staying.
|Extremely archaic phrase (Noised, in the house) replaced with equivalent
|-
|2
|And straightway many were gathered together, insomuch that there was no room to receive them, no, not so much as about the door: and he preached the word unto them.
|A large crowd immediately filled the room to capacity, so many that the door was too jammed for access by others, as he preached the truth.
|
|-
|3
|And they come unto him, bringing one sick of the palsy, which was borne of four.
|They brought him a man suffering from palsy, carried by four men.
|
|-
|4
|And when they could not come nigh unto him for the press, they uncovered the roof where he was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed wherein the sick of the palsy lay.
|Finding they could not reach him, because the crowd was so thick, they removed the roof above him and, when they had done so, lowered the palsied man in his bed.
|
|-
|5
|When Jesus saw their faith, he said unto the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be forgiven thee.
|Seeing their faith in him, he told the palsied man, "Son, your sins are forgiven."
|
|-
|6
|But there were certain of the scribes sitting there, and reasoning in their hearts,
|Yet among the assembled scribes were those who thought to themselves,
|
|-
|7
|Why doth this man thus speak blasphemies? who can forgive sins but God only?
|"Why is this man speaking such blasphemy? Who can forgive our sins but God himself?"
|
|-
|8
|And immediately when Jesus perceived in his spirit that they so reasoned within themselves, he said unto them, Why reason ye these things in your hearts?
|Jesus perceived immediately what the intellectual types were thinking, and he asked them, "Why are you so hostile to this?
|the hostility was to the forgiveness
|-
|9
|Whether is it easier to say to the sick of the palsy, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Arise, and take up thy bed, and walk?
|Is it easier to tell a paralyzed man that his sins are forgiven, or to pick up his bed and walk?
|
|-
|10
|But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (he saith to the sick of the palsy,)
|But to remove any doubt about the Son of man's power on earth to forgive sins," he next said to the paralyzed man,
|
|-
|11
|I say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy bed, and go thy way into thine house.
|"Get up, carry your bed, and go home!"
|
|-
|12
|And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them all; insomuch that they were all amazed, and glorified God, saying, We never saw it on this fashion.
|He got up, carried his bed, and left. Amazed, they all praised God, "We've never seen such a thing before."
|Very archaic phrasing
|-
|13
|And he went forth again by the sea side; and all the multitude resorted unto him, and he taught them.
|Jesus continued along the seaside, and taught the crowds that gathered around him.
|
|-
|14
|And as he passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the receipt of custom, and said unto him, Follow me. And he arose and followed him.
|He passed Levi, son of Alphaeus, at a tax office and told him, "Follow me." Levi arose and followed.
|
|-
|15
|And it came to pass, that, as Jesus sat at meat in his house, many publicans and sinners sat also together with Jesus and his disciples: for there were many, and they followed him.
|Jesus then dined with a great many tax collectors and sinners who chose to follow him.
|Modern form of publican?
|-
|16
|And when the scribes and Pharisees saw him eat with publicans and sinners, they said unto his disciples, How is it that he eateth and drinketh with publicans and sinners?
|Seeing him eating with the tax collectors and sinners, the Pharisees and intellectuals demanded of his disciples, "Why does he eat and drink with these tax collectors and sinners?"
|
|-
|17
|When Jesus heard it, he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.
|Hearing this, Jesus replied, "It is not the healthy but the sick that need a doctor. I have not come to call the righteous to repent, but instead the sinners."
|
|-
|18
|And the disciples of John and of the Pharisees used to fast: and they come and say unto him, Why do the disciples of John and of the Pharisees fast, but thy disciples fast not?
|As the Pharisees and John's disciples fasted, they came and asked of him, "Why do they fast, but your disciples do not?"
|
|-
|19
|And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them? as long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast.
|To this Jesus replied, "Why should the children in the bridechamber fast so long as the bridegroom is among them? While he remains, they have no cause to fast."
|"Cannot" implies impossibility, rather than lack of necessity. They have no cause to fast so long as the Son is with them.
|-
|20
|But the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, and then shall they fast in those days.
|"Soon it will be that the bridegroom will be taken from them, and only then will they fast."
|
|-
|21
|No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up taketh away from the old, and the rent is made worse.
|"No man patches old clothing with a new piece of cloth, as it will pull apart as it ages, making the tear worse."
|
|-
|22
|And no man putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine doth burst the bottles, and the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred: but new wine must be put into new bottles.
|"No man puts new wine in old bottles, as new wine bursts the bottles, spilling the wine and damaging the bottles. New wine must be put into new bottles."
|
|-
|23
|And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn.
|On the sabbath his disciples plucked ears of corn as he traveled among the corn fields,
|
|-
|24
|And the Pharisees said unto him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful?
|and the Pharisees cried, "Look, why do the break the law on the Sabbath?"
|
|-
|25
|And he said unto them, Have ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungred, he, and they that were with him?
|To this Jesus replied, "Haven't you read what David and his allies did, when he was hungry and in need?"
|
|-
|26
|How he went into the house of God in the days of Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the shewbread, which is not lawful to eat but for the priests, and gave also to them which were with him?
|"How he went into God's temple, in the times of the high priest Abiathar, and ate the blessed bread - the bread which only priests are allowed to eat - and fed his allies with it?"
|
|-
|27
|And he said unto them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath:
|Jesus told them, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath,
|clarifies role of Sabbath, against slavish observation to the point of hurting man
|-
|28
|Therefore the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
|and thus the Son of man is also Lord of the Sabbath."
|
|}

==Chapter 3==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he entered again into the synagogue; and there was a man there which had a withered hand.
|Jesus returned to the synagogue, and noticed man with a crippled hand.
|
|-
|2
|And they watched him, whether he would heal him on the sabbath day; that they might accuse him.
|The intellectuals watched Jesus to see if he might catch and accuse him of healing on the Sabbath.
|Tentatively using "intellectuals" rather than "Pharisees" or skeptical "teachers"
|-
|3
|And he saith unto the man which had the withered hand, Stand forth.
|Jesus told the man with the crippled hand, "Stand up in front of everyone."
|
|-
|4
|And he saith unto them, Is it lawful to do good on the sabbath days, or to do evil? to save life, or to kill? But they held their peace.
|Jesus asked the intellectuals, "Which is lawful on the Sabbath: doing good or evil? Saving a life, or killing one? The intellectuals did not answer."
|
|-
|5
|And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it out: and his hand was restored whole as the other.
|Jesus looked at them, feeling anger and pity for the hardness of their hearts, and said to the injured man, "Open your hand." He then opened and held out his hand, and it was as good as new.
|
|-
|6
|And the Pharisees went forth, and straightway took counsel with the Herodians against him, how they might destroy him.
|The intellectuals then fled from the scene to plot with Herod's people against Jesus, and plan how they might destroy him.
|
|-
|7
|But Jesus withdrew himself with his disciples to the sea: and a great multitude from Galilee followed him, and from Judaea,
|Jesus then departed for the quiet of a lake, but crowds from Galilee and Judaea followed him,
|"lake" better than a "sea"
|-
|8
|And from Jerusalem, and from Idumaea, and from beyond Jordan; and they about Tyre and Sidon, a great multitude, when they had heard what great things he did, came unto him.
|And crowds went to Jesus from Jerusalem, Idumea, Tyre and Sidon, and from beyond the Jordan River, after hearing of his great deeds for the sick.
|modernize spelling: Idumaea -> Idumea
|-
|9
|And he spake to his disciples, that a small ship should wait on him because of the multitude, lest they should throng him.
|Jesus asked his disciples for a small boat that would enable him to keep a distance from pressing crowds
|
|-
|10
|For he had healed many; insomuch that they pressed upon him for to touch him, as many as had plagues.
|Jesus had healed many, causing the the diseased to nearly trample him as they sought his touch as a cure.
|a bit awkward, could be improved
|-
|11
|And unclean spirits, when they saw him, fell down before him, and cried, saying, Thou art the Son of God.
|Upon seeing Jesus, evil spirits fell down before him crying, "You are the Son of God!"
|need to add something to convey that these spirits possessed people
|-
|12
|And he straitly charged them that they should not make him known.
|But Jesus strictly commanded them not to tell others who he was.
|
|-
|13
|And he goeth up into a mountain, and calleth unto him whom he would: and they came unto him.
|He then walked up a mountain, calling his Apostles to follow him, and they did.
|
|-
|14
|And he ordained twelve, that they should be with him, and that he might send them forth to preach,
|He appointed twelve to be with him, so he could send them to preach to the world,
|
|-
|15
|And to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils:
|and to have power to heal the sick and cast out demons from the possessed:
|
|-
|16
|And Simon he surnamed Peter;
|Jesus gave the name of Peter to Simon
|
|-
|17
|And James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James; and he surnamed them Boanerges, which is, The sons of thunder:
|James and his brother John, the sons of Zebedee, Jesus named them "Boanerges," which means "The Sons of Thunder":
|
|-
|18
|And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the Canaanite,
|And also appointed were Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, and Simon the Canaanite,
|
|-
|19
|And Judas Iscariot, which also betrayed him: and they went into an house.
|And Judas Iscariot, who was to betray Jesus: and they all entered a house
|note how the [[KJV]] uses "which" for persons, rather than the more respectful "who"; the KJV also uses "an" rather than "a" before a word that begins with "h"
|-
|20
|And the multitude cometh together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread.
|But the crowd pressed upon them so much that they could not even eat.
|
|-
|21
|And when his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold on him: for they said, He is beside himself.
|When Jesus's own family heard of this, they went to rescue him, saying, "He is out of his mind."
|note how even Jesus's own family felt less of him
|-
|22
|And the scribes which came down from Jerusalem said, He hath Beelzebub, and by the prince of the devils casteth he out devils.
|Jerusalem intellectuals came also, smearing Jesus by saying "He has Beelzebub and casts out devils by the power of the devil!"
|translate Beelzebub better?
|-
|23
|And he called them unto him, and said unto them in parables, How can Satan cast out Satan?
|But Jesus called them together and taught in parables, and asked "How can Satan cast out Satan?"
|
|-
|24
|And if a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand.
|"A kingdom divided against itself cannot stand."
|
|-
|25
|And if a house be divided against itself, that house cannot stand.
|"Nor can a house divided against itself stand."
|
|-
|26
|And if Satan rise up against himself, and be divided, he cannot stand, but hath an end.
|"So if Satan were divided against himself, he could not stand, and would perish."
|
|-
|27
|No man can enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he will first bind the strong man; and then he will spoil his house.
|"No one can break into a well-armed man's house to destroy his property, unless he first tie the man down. Only then can he damage his home."
| "Strong" replaced with modern equivalent of defended
|-
|28
|Verily I say unto you, All sins shall be forgiven unto the sons of men, and blasphemies wherewith soever they shall blaspheme:
|I tell you, "All the sons of men will be forgiven their sins and their blasphemies,"
|
|-
|29
|But he that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness, but is in danger of eternal damnation:
|"But any man who blasphemes against the Divine Guide will never be forgiven, but risks eternal damnation."
|
|-
|30
|Because they said, He hath an unclean spirit.
|This Jesus told them because they lied, "He has an evil spirit."
|
|-
|31
|There came then his brethren and his mother, and, standing without, sent unto him, calling him.
|His mother and his brothers, who were standing outside, asked to see him.
|
|-
|32
|And the multitude sat about him, and they said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren without seek for thee.
|The crowd around Jesus said to him, "Your mother and brothers are outside, looking for you."
|
|-
|33
|And he answered them, saying, Who is my mother, or my brethren?
|To which he responded, "Who is my mother, or my brothers?"
|
|-
|34
|And he looked round about on them which sat about him, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren!
|Then, looking around at the gathered crowed, he said, "You are my mother and brothers!"
|
|-
|35
|For whosoever shall do the will of God, the same is my brother, and my sister, and mother.
|Whoever does the will of God qualifies as my brother, sister or mother.
|
|}

==Chapter 4==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he began again to teach by the sea side: and there was gathered unto him a great multitude, so that he entered into a ship, and sat in the sea; and the whole multitude was by the sea on the land.
|Jesus returned to teaching again on the seashore, but the crowd was so overwhelming that he turned a boat into a makeshift pulpit while the people pressed to the shoreline.
|
|-
|2
|And he taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine,
|He taught them many things, using parables, and told them,
|
|-
|3
|Hearken; Behold, there went out a sower to sow:
|"Listen. A farmer went out to sow a crop."
|
|-
|4
|And it came to pass, as he sowed, some fell by the way side, and the fowls of the air came and devoured it up.
|"As he sowed, some seed was scattered on the path, which was eaten by the bird."
|
|-
|5
|And some fell on stony ground, where it had not much earth; and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of earth:
|"Some fell on stony ground, which lacked deep soil, and grew quickly."
|
|-
|6
|But when the sun was up, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.
|"But once the sun was out, it was scorched and withered away, as its root was too shallow."
|
|-
|7
|And some fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
|"Some was scattered among weeds, which choked it, and it didn't produce fruit."
|
|-
|8
|And other fell on good ground, and did yield fruit that sprang up and increased; and brought forth, some thirty, and some sixty, and some an hundred.
|"But some seed fell upon good soil and produced a great deal of fruit, thirty, sixty, even one-hundred times the original investment."
|Clear language of "increase"
|-
|9
|And he said unto them, He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.
|Then Jesus said to them, "let any man who has ears hear."
|
|-
|10
|And when he was alone, they that were about him with the twelve asked of him the parable.
|Privately a few along with the twelve Apostles asked Jesus about the parable.
|
|-
|11
|And he said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables:
|He said to them, "You have been granted insight into the kingdom of God, but to others the parables contain the mysteries:
|
|-
|12
|That seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins should be forgiven them.
|that they may see but not perceive and hear but not understand; yet should they convert, then their sins shall be forgiven."
|translating this verse is a big challenge
|-
|13
|And he said unto them, Know ye not this parable? and how then will ye know all parables?
|Then he asked them, "Don't you understand this parable? If not, how can you understand all of the other parables?"
|
|-
|14
|The sower soweth the word.
|"The farmer plants the truth."
|
|-
|15
|And these are they by the way side, where the word is sown; but when they have heard, Satan cometh immediately, and taketh away the word that was sown in their hearts.
|"As for the people who are on the path, where the seeds are scattered, Satan comes as soon they have heard the truth, and takes it from their hearts."
|
|-
|16
|And these are they likewise which are sown on stony ground; who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with gladness;
|"Likewise with those planted on the stony ground. When they hear the truth, they receive it with joy,"
|
|-
|17
|And have no root in themselves, and so endure but for a time: afterward, when affliction or persecution ariseth for the word's sake, immediately they are offended.
|"But they have little self-mastery, so they endure in the truth only briefly. Afterward, when they must face persecution or harm for the sake of the truth, they abandon it.
|"root in themselves" made clearer for modern english readers
|-
|18
|And these are they which are sown among thorns; such as hear the word,
|"Then there are those planted among the thorns. They hear the word,"
|
|-
|19
|And the cares of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.
|"But because of worldly concerns, the deceit of wealth, and other desires, the truth is suffocated and cannot bear fruit."
|
|-
|20
|And these are they which are sown on good ground; such as hear the word, and receive it, and bring forth fruit, some thirtyfold, some sixty, and some an hundred.
|"Finally are those planted in good ground. They hear the truth, accept it, and produce good fruit in their turn. Sometimes thirty, sixty, or even one hundred times more."
|
|-
|21
|And he said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick?
|Then he asked them, "Do we light candles only to hide them under a box or a bed, rather than to place them on candlesticks?"
|Bushel has come to mean a measure, rather than an object containing that measure
|-
|22
|For there is nothing hid, which shall not be manifested; neither was any thing kept secret, but that it should come abroad.
|Nothing is hidden which will not be brought to light. Likewise any secret kept will soon become known."
|
|-
|23
|If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.
|"If a man is open-minded, let him hear the truth."
|
|-
|24
|And he said unto them, Take heed what ye hear: with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you: and unto you that hear shall more be given.
|Then he said to them, "Be careful of what you listen to. Whichever measure you apply, you shall be measured accordingly, and those of you who listen will be given more."
|
|-
|25
|For he that hath, to him shall be given: and he that hath not, from him shall be taken even that which he hath.
|"He who has will be given, while he doesn't will see that little which he has taken from him."
|
|-
|26
|And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground;
|"The kingdom of God is the same way. If someone sows seed on the ground,"
|
|-
|27
|And should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how.
|"And goes to sleep and waits several days, plants will spring from the seeds, though he doesn't know how."
|
|-
|28
|For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.
|"Because it is the earth that brings forth the fruit: first a blade, then an ear of corn, then the corn itself."
|
|-
|29
|But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come.
|"And when the fruit has been produced, he brings out the sickle and harvests his produce."
|
|-
|30
|And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it?
|Then he said, "What will we say God's kingdom is like? What comparison can we use?
|Modernizing language and word order
|-
|31
|It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:
|It's like a single mustard seed, which is smaller than all other seeds on earth when placed in the ground,
|
|-
|32
|But when it is sown, it groweth up, and becometh greater than all herbs, and shooteth out great branches; so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it.
|But once planted, it grows larger than all the other herbs and grows large branches, so the birds can shelter under its shadow."
|
|-
|33
|And with many such parables spake he the word unto them, as they were able to hear it.
|He used many parables like this one to preach God's word in a way that they could understand.
|Make clear that it's God's word, and that 'hear' means 'understand' in this context.
|-
|34
|But without a parable spake he not unto them: and when they were alone, he expounded all things to his disciples.
|He would only speak to the multitude in the form of parables; but when He was alone with His disciples, he explained the parables' true meaning to them.
|Some exposition to make meaning clearer.
|-
|35
|And the same day, when the even was come, he saith unto them, Let us pass over unto the other side.
|Later that day, around sunset, He said to His disciples: "Let's cross over to the opposite shore."
|Modernized word choices.
|-
|36
|And when they had sent away the multitude, they took him even as he was in the ship. And there were also with him other little ships.
|They dismissed the crowd, and then cast off in the boat where Jesus had been preaching, with Jesus still on board. Some other boats also went with them.
|'even as he was' needs some explanation for the modern reader.
|-
|37
|And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full.
|Suddenly a fierce storm came, with strong winds. Waves started to break over the boat, so that it began to fill with water.
|Boat can't have been literally full as we would think of it, as Jesus was asleep on a pillow (see next verse).
|-
|38
|And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou not that we perish?
|Jesus was sleeping on a cushion in the back of the boat. They woke him saying, "Master, don't you care that we'll capsize and drown?"
|Could say "stern" rather than "back of the boat," but nautical terminology is unfamiliar to many.
|-
|39
|And he arose, and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
|He got up and rebuked the wind, and commanded the sea, "Peace, be still." The wind then stopped, and there was complete calm.
|
|-
|40
|And he said unto them, Why are ye so fearful? how is it that ye have no faith?
|He asked them, "Why are you so afraid? What is the reason for your lack of faith?"
|
|-
|41
|And they feared exceedingly, and said one to another, What manner of man is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?
|Filled with trepidation, they asked each other: "What kind of man is he, such that even the wind and sea obey him?
|
|}

==Chapter 5==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And they came over unto the other side of the sea, into the country of the Gadarenes.
|They reached the other side of the lake, which was in the area where the Gadarenes lived.
|'area' clearer than 'country' to today's reader
|-
|2
|And when he was come out of the ship, immediately there met him out of the tombs a man with an unclean spirit,
|As Jesus disembarked the boat, he was immediately confronted by a possessed man,
|
|-
|3
|Who had his dwelling among the tombs; and no man could bind him, no, not with chains:
|who was homeless and slept in a cemetery; no man had the strength to restrain him, not even with chains:
|avoid feminist style of seeking gender neutrality by replacing "man" with "one"; the reference is obviously to men not being able to restrain him, not to women
|-
|4
|Because that he had been often bound with fetters and chains, and the chains had been plucked asunder by him, and the fetters broken in pieces: neither could any man tame him.
|Many times, he had been restrained by ropes and chains, but he had thrown off the chains and broken the ropes to pieces. No man could tame him.
|"Fetters" has become identical to chains, thus redundant. Original concept was anything restrictive, ie rope.
|-
|5
|And always, night and day, he was in the mountains, and in the tombs, crying, and cutting himself with stones.
|Day and night he roamed the mountains and tombs, crying out and cutting himself with stones.
|
|-
|6
|But when he saw Jesus afar off, he ran and worshipped him,
|But when he glimpsed Jesus at a distance, he ran up to him to worship him.
|
|-
|7
|And cried with a loud voice, and said, What have I to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of the most high God? I adjure thee by God, that thou torment me not.
|He cried out loudly, "What am I to you, Jesus, Son of the omnipotent God? I beg you in God's name not to torment me."
|Archaic language (adjure)
|-
|8
|For he said unto him, Come out of the man, thou unclean spirit.
|Because Jesus had proclaimed, "Leave that man, evil spirit."
|"evil" spirit seems preferable to "unclean" spirit; perhaps the "Devil" or "demon" would be better still
|-
|9
|And he asked him, What is thy name? And he answered, saying, My name is Legion: for we are many.
|Jesus asked him, "What is your name?" He answered, "My name is 'Legion', because we are many."
|
|-
|10
|And he besought him much that he would not send them away out of the country.
|He begged Jesus not to expel him from the area.
|"Area" better than the modern meaning of "country"; nationality was not an issue here.
|-
|11
|Now there was there nigh unto the mountains a great herd of swine feeding.
|Near the mountains where they were, a large herd of pigs was feeding.
|Pigs more modern than archaic swine
|-
|12
|And all the devils besought him, saying, Send us into the swine, that we may enter into them.
|The demons all begged Jesus, "Move us to the pigs, so that we may possess them."
|
|-
|13
|And forthwith Jesus gave them leave. And the unclean spirits went out, and entered into the swine: and the herd ran violently down a steep place into the sea, (they were about two thousand;) and were choked in the sea.
|Jesus then granted the demons' wish to enter the pigs. The demons left the man and to possess the herd of nearly two thousand pigs, which then committed suicide by running violently down a steep embankment to drown in the sea.
|could be improved further
|-
|14
|And they that fed the swine fled, and told it in the city, and in the country. And they went out to see what it was that was done.
|Those in charge of the pigs fled and told everyone in the town and countryside. People then went to see for themselves what had happened.
|
|-
|15
|And they come to Jesus, and see him that was possessed with the devil, and had the legion, sitting, and clothed, and in his right mind: and they were afraid.
|They saw Jesus and the man formerly possessed, who was in his right mind and sitting peacefully, fully dressed; the people became afraid upon seeing him.
|
|-
|16
|And they that saw it told them how it befell to him that was possessed with the devil, and also concerning the swine.
|Witnesses to the exorcism described for the people how the devil left the man and entered the pigs.
|
|-
|17
|And they began to pray him to depart out of their coasts.
|The terrified people began to pray that Jesus leave their area.
|
|-
|18
|And when he was come into the ship, he that had been possessed with the devil prayed him that he might be with him.
|The man who had been possessed came to Jesus' boat, and begged Jesus to let him join His disciples.
|Some explanation here to ensure clarity.
|-
|19
|Howbeit Jesus suffered him not, but saith unto him, Go home to thy friends, and tell them how great things the Lord hath done for thee, and hath had compassion on thee.
|Instead, Jesus told him, "Return home to your friends, and tell them how the Lord has done wonders for you with compassion."
|avoid dilution of the name "Lord"
|-
|20
|And he departed, and began to publish in Decapolis how great things Jesus had done for him: and all men did marvel.
|So the man left and told many in Decapolis about Jesus's great works for him, to the amazement of all men.
|"told many" is better than "publish"; also, avoid feminist change of "men" to "people"
|-
|21
|And when Jesus was passed over again by ship unto the other side, much people gathered unto him: and he was nigh unto the sea.
|As a result a huge crowd was awaiting Jesus on the opposite coast as he crossed by boat, keeping him on the seashore.
|might be a better word for "keeping", such as "pinning"
|-
|22
|And, behold, there cometh one of the rulers of the synagogue, Jairus by name; and when he saw him, he fell at his feet,
|Incredibly, Jairus, one of the leaders of the synagogue, joined the crowd. When he saw Jesus, he threw himself at His feet,
|Difficult to get the sense of 'Behold' - presume it means that everyone in the crowd turned to look. Another view: translate "behold" as "incredibly", because I think it is a word targeted at the reader rather than describing the crowd
|-
|23
|And besought him greatly, saying, My little daughter lieth at the point of death: I pray thee, come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed; and she shall live.
|and begged Him urgently, saying "My little daughter is about to die - please come and put your hands on her, so that she will be healed; and then she will live."
|minor modernizations to the language.
|-
|24
|And Jesus went with him; and much people followed him, and thronged him.
|Jesus accompanied him; many followed Jesus, hording around Him.
|"thronged him" = "hoarded around him"?
|-
|25
|And a certain woman, which had an issue of blood twelve years,
|One woman who had suffered from hemorrhages for twelve years,
|
|-
|26
|And had suffered many things of many physicians, and had spent all that she had, and was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse,
|and had suffered further from mistreatments by doctors, having spent all she had on them without any improvement; her condition even worsened.
|style could be improved here
|-
|27
|When she had heard of Jesus, came in the press behind, and touched his garment.
|When she heard of Jesus she crowded behind Him and touched his clothes,
|
|-
|28
|For she said, If I may touch but his clothes, I shall be whole.
|Because as she had said, "If I can just touch His clothes, I will be restored to good health."
|'whole' meaning 'restored to health'
|-
|29
|And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up; and she felt in her body that she was healed of that plague.
|Instantly the blood dried up, and she felt cured of her illness.
|
|-
|30
|And Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that virtue had gone out of him, turned him about in the press, and said, Who touched my clothes?
|Jesus immediately realized that power discharged from him, and turned to the pressing crowd to say, "Who touched my clothes?"
|"power discharged" - suggestions to improve?
|-
|31
|And his disciples said unto him, Thou seest the multitude thronging thee, and sayest thou, Who touched me?
|Astonished by the question, His disciples replied, "You see the huge crowd pressing against you, and yet you ask, 'Who touched me'"?
|probably a better way to convey the point than by adding the phrase "astonished by the question"
|-
|32
|And he looked round about to see her that had done this thing.
|Jesus turned and scanned the crowd to find her.
|
|-
|33
|But the woman fearing and trembling, knowing what was done in her, came and fell down before him, and told him all the truth.
|But the terrified, trembling woman, aware of the miracle, came and bowed at Jesus's feet, and told him the entire truth.
|
|-
|34
|And he said unto her, Daughter, thy faith hath made thee whole; go in peace, and be whole of thy plague.
|Jesus said to her: "Daughter, you have been healed because of your faith. Go with peace of mind, and live a life free from that terrible disease."
|Use a more current alternative to 'go in peace'? I put in "with peace of mind"; further improvements welcome.
|-
|35
|While he yet spake, there came from the ruler of the synagogue's house certain which said, Thy daughter is dead: why troublest thou the Master any further?
|As Jesus spoke, people told the synagogue leader, "Your daughter has died. Why bother this teacher about this?"
|
|-
|36
|As soon as Jesus heard the word that was spoken, he saith unto the ruler of the synagogue, Be not afraid, only believe.
|But as soon as Jesus heard about this, he said to the father, "Be not afraid, only believe."
|
|-
|37
|And he suffered no man to follow him, save Peter, and James, and John the brother of James.
|Jesus then allowed only Peter, James, and John the brother of James to follow him
|
|-
|38
|And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly.
|as he went to the synagogue leader's home, where Jesus saw the mourning, and all those who wept and cried enormously.
|
|-
|39
|And when he was come in, he saith unto them, Why make ye this ado, and weep? the damsel is not dead, but sleepeth.
|When Jesus entered the house, he said to all the people, "What is the reason for all this crying and distress? The girl is not dead - she's just asleep!"
|Exclamation mark to emphasise the surprising nature of Jesus' statement.
|-
|40
|And they laughed him to scorn. But when he had put them all out, he taketh the father and the mother of the damsel, and them that were with him, and entereth in where the damsel was lying.
|They laughed and ridiculed him. But after he drove them all out of the building, he took the girl's mother and father with him to where she was lying,
|
|-
|41
|And he took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her, Talitha cumi; which is, being interpreted, Damsel, I say unto thee, arise.
|and taking her by the hand, said, "''talitha cumi''", which means "girl, I tell you to rise."
|
|-
|42
|And straightway the damsel arose, and walked; for she was of the age of twelve years. And they were astonished with a great astonishment.
|Immediately the 12-year-old girl got up and walked. The onlookers were overwhelmed with wonder.
|amazed? dumbfounded?
|-
|43
|And he charged them straitly that no man should know it; and commanded that something should be given her to eat.
|Jesus gave strict orders not to tell any man what had happened, and then commanded that the girl should be given something to eat.
|'No man' rather than 'nobody' - significant here?
|}

==Chapter 6==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he went out from thence, and came into his own country; and his disciples follow him.
|Jesus then traveled home, followed by his disciples.
|traveled? Is "home" too narrow?
|-
|2
|And when the sabbath day was come, he began to teach in the synagogue: and many hearing him were astonished, saying, From whence hath this man these things? and what wisdom is this which is given unto him, that even such mighty works are wrought by his hands?
|On the next Sabbath, Jesus began teaching in the synagogue. Many found this marvelous and declared, "How does this man know so much? What kind of wisdom has been given to Him, enabling Him to perform such wonderful deeds?
|"wonderful" better than "great"; avoid "miracle" as a non-believer expression? Keep "man" to avoid emasculating Christianity.
|-
|3
|Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him.
|Isn't this a mere carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, Joses, Juda and Simon? Don't we also know his sisters here? The public was not open-minded about Jesus.
|trying the modern term "open-minded"
|-
|4
|But Jesus said unto them, A prophet is not without honour, but in his own country, and among his own kin, and in his own house.
|Jesus replied to their complaints, "A prophet lacks honor only in his own hometown, among his neighbors and in his own home."
|avoid compound negative
|-
|5
|And he could there do no mighty work, save that he laid his hands upon a few sick folk, and healed them.
|Because of the people's closed-mindedness, Jesus was unable to perform any marvelous works in that area, except for healing a few sick people by laying His hands on them.
|Link back to 'open-mindedness' concept introduced in verse 3
|-
|6
|And he marvelled because of their unbelief. And he went round about the villages, teaching.
|He was surprised at their lack of faith. He traveled around the villages in that area, teaching the people who lived there.
|Emphasize faith; superb use of [[faith]] here!
|-
|7
|And he called unto him the twelve, and began to send them forth by two and two; and gave them power over unclean spirits;
|He gathered the twelve, and began to send them out in pairs, giving them the power to cast out the devil.
|Use "devil" rather than avoiding it
|-
|8
|And commanded them that they should take nothing for their journey, save a staff only; no scrip, no bread, no money in their purse:
|He instructed them to take only a walking stick, and to bring nothing else: no bag, no bread, and no money in their belts.
|
|-
|9
|But be shod with sandals; and not put on two coats.
|To wear only sandals, and practical clothes.
|"simplest of clothes" is an interesting suggestion, but seems to go beyond the admonition against redundancy. A comfortable but nice garment would seem to be fine with the text.
|-
|10
|And he said unto them, In what place soever ye enter into an house, there abide till ye depart from that place.
|He told them, "Whichever house you stay in while in a town, stay there until you leave that town."
|
|-
|11
|And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear you, when ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet for a testimony against them. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.
|"And if anyone will not take you in or is closed-minded, when leaving them, shake the dust from under your feet as an indictment against their conduct. I tell you truly, the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah will fare better on the day of judgment than that city."
|
|-
|12
|And they went out, and preached that men should repent.
|Thus they went among the towns, preaching repentance.
|
|-
|13
|And they cast out many devils, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them.
|There they cast out Satan, anointed the ill with oil, and healed them of their afflictions.
|
|-
|14
|And king Herod heard of him; (for his name was spread abroad:) and he said, That John the Baptist was risen from the dead, and therefore mighty works do shew forth themselves in him.
|The tetrarch Herod heard news of this, as word of Jesus had spread fast and far. It was said that he was John the Baptist had risen from the dead, and miraculous powers were shown in his works.
|Difficult to convey meaning latter part in modern English. Could use less awkward translation.
|-
|15
|Others said, That it is Elias. And others said, That it is a prophet, or as one of the prophets.
|Others rumored that he was Elijah, while others still called him a prophet like those of the Old Testament.
|"The prophets" was known to the audience of the time as the OT prophets, but this should be made clear to the modern reader.
|-
|16
|But when Herod heard thereof, he said, It is John, whom I beheaded: he is risen from the dead.
|Herod succumbed to the rumors and opined, "He is John, who I had murdered, back from the dead."
|
|-
|17
|For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prison for Herodias' sake, his brother Philip's wife: for he had married her.
|For it had been Herod who had sent his men to capture and imprison John for his brother Philip's wife, Herodias, who he had married.
|
|-
|18
|For John had said unto Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have thy brother's wife.
|John had told Herod, "It is against the law for you to marry your brother's wife."
|
|-
|19
|Therefore Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him; but she could not:
|And thus Herodias had quarreled with John, and she would have killed him had she been able.
|
|-
|20
|For Herod feared John, knowing that he was a just man and an holy, and observed him; and when he heard him, he did many things, and heard him gladly.
|Herod actually feared John, realizing that he was a holy and just man, and took him seriously: Herod appreciated John's preaching and sometimes tried to follow it.
|Perhaps no single verse in the Gospels is translated in so many different ways as this one. For example, did Herod "observe" or "protect" John as modern translations claim?
|-
|21
|And when a convenient day was come, that Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high captains, and chief estates of Galilee;
|So Herodias waited for her opportunity, which came on Herod's birthday when he had a feast for his lords, high captains, and high-ranking officials in Galilee.
|Explaining context of 'convenient'. Are there better modern terms for the lords and high captains?
|-
|22
|And when the daughter of the said Herodias came in, and danced, and pleased Herod and them that sat with him, the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it thee.
|Herodias's daughter entered the room and danced, so pleasing Herod and his guests that the king exclaimed to the temptress, "Ask me whatever you like, and I will grant it!"
|κορασιω is typically translated simply as "girl" or "damsel",<ref>See talk page.</ref> but we use the term "temptress" to convey the context better.<ref>Other possible translations are "floozy" or "bimbo".</ref> The Greek language may have been inadequate to convey the immoral overtones.
|-
|23
|And he sware unto her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask of me, I will give it thee, unto the half of my kingdom.
|And he promised her, "I will give you whatever you want from me, up to half of my kingdom."
|
|-
|24
|And she went forth, and said unto her mother, What shall I ask? And she said, The head of John the Baptist.
|She went to confer with her mother, asking, "what should I ask for?" Her mother replied, "the head of John the Baptist."
|
|-
|25
|And she came in straightway with haste unto the king, and asked, saying, I will that thou give me by and by in a charger the head of John the Baptist.
|So she returned quickly to the tetrarch and responded, "I want John the Baptist's head on a platter."
|King or Tetrarch here? Confusion of the various Herods is common. "Charger" is an archaic word for a large platter
|-
|26
|And the king was exceeding sorry; yet for his oath's sake, and for their sakes which sat with him, he would not reject her.
|Herod did not want to grant the request, but because he took an oath and faced embarrassment in front of his guests if he declined, he complied.
|
|-
|27
|And immediately the king sent an executioner, and commanded his head to be brought: and he went and beheaded him in the prison,
|The king immediately sent an executioner, ordering him to bring John the Baptist's head. The executioner went to the prison and beheaded him.
|
|-
|28
|And brought his head in a charger, and gave it to the damsel: and the damsel gave it to her mother.
|The executioner brought the head on a platter and gave it to the temptress, who gave it to her mother.
|See notes to verse 22 above.
|-
|29
|And when his disciples heard of it, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.
|When the disciples heard what had happened, they took the body of John the Baptist and placed it in a tomb.
|
|-
|30
|And the apostles gathered themselves together unto Jesus, and told him all things, both what they had done, and what they had taught.
|The apostles gathered around Jesus and told him about all the things they had done and what they had taught.
|
|-
|31
|And he said unto them, Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place, and rest a while: for there were many coming and going, and they had no leisure so much as to eat.
|Jesus told them, "Come with me to a quiet place and rest". Because there were so many people coming and going, the apostles had not even had time to eat.
|I used "quiet place" for "desert place" based on what's written in some other translations. Does this seem right?
|-
|32
|And they departed into a desert place by ship privately.
|They sailed in a boat to a quiet place.
|
|-
|33
|And the people saw them departing, and many knew him, and ran afoot thither out of all cities, and outwent them, and came together unto him.
|When people saw them leaving, many of them recognized Jesus, so they hurried from their cities and got there before Jesus and the apostles did. The people crowded around Jesus when he arrived.
|
|-
|34
|And Jesus, when he came out, saw much people, and was moved with compassion toward them, because they were as sheep not having a shepherd: and he began to teach them many things.
|When Jesus got out of the boat He saw the large crowd of people, and felt sorry for them, because they reminded Him of a flock of sheep without a shepherd. So He started to teach them many things.
|
|-
|35
|And when the day was now far spent, his disciples came unto him, and said, This is a desert place, and now the time is far passed:
|But when the day was nearly over, the disciples approached Jesus and said, "We're in the middle of nowhere and it is going to get dark.
|quotation continues to next verse; it must have been "getting dark" yet so the phrasing is this way
|-
|36
|Send them away, that they may go into the country round about, and into the villages, and buy themselves bread: for they have nothing to eat.
|The crowd has nothing to eat, so tell them to disperse into the surrounding villages in order to buy themselves bread."
|
|-
|37
|He answered and said unto them, Give ye them to eat. And they say unto him, Shall we go and buy two hundred pennyworth of bread, and give them to eat?
|Jesus replied "You should give them something to eat," and the disciples asked him "Should we go buy some bread for them?"
|
|-
|38
|He saith unto them, How many loaves have ye? go and see. And when they knew, they say, Five, and two fishes.
|Jesus answered, "How many loaves do you have? Go check." After the disciples found out, they told him that they had five loaves of bread and two fish.
|
|-
|39
|And he commanded them to make all sit down by companies upon the green grass.
|Jesus told the disciples to have everyone sit in groups on the grass.
|
|-
|40
|And they sat down in ranks, by hundreds, and by fifties.
|After they did, everyone sat down in long lines, of fifty or a hundred people.
|
|-
|41
|And when he had taken the five loaves and the two fishes, he looked up to heaven, and blessed, and brake the loaves, and gave them to his disciples to set before them; and the two fishes divided he among them all.
|When Jesus had the five loaves and two fish, he looked to heaven, blessed the food, and broke the loaves. He gave them to his disciples to feed the people, and split the two fish among everyone.
|
|-
|42
|And they did all eat, and were filled.
|After everyone was finished eating, they were all full.
|
|-
|43
|And they took up twelve baskets full of the fragments, and of the fishes.
|The disciples picked up twelve baskets full of crumbs and the leftovers of fish.
|
|-
|44
|And they that did eat of the loaves were about five thousand men.
|Five thousand men had filled their stomachs on just two loaves of bread and five fish.
|
|-
|45
|And straightway he constrained his disciples to get into the ship, and to go to the other side before unto Bethsaida, while he sent away the people.
|Then Jesus had his disciples board the ship, to go to Bethsaida ahead of him, while he bid the people farewell.
|
|-
|46
|And when he had sent them away, he departed into a mountain to pray.
|After he sent the people away, he went to a mountain to pray.
|
|-
|47
|And when even was come, the ship was in the midst of the sea, and he alone on the land.
|In the evening, the disciples' boat was in the middle of the lake, and he remained on the land alone.
|
|-
|48
|And he saw them toiling in rowing; for the wind was contrary unto them: and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto them, walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them.
|He saw them rowing hard, since they were traveling into the wind: about the fourth watch of the night, he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the ship, nearly passing it.
|"Fourth watch of the night" means between 3 AM and 6 AM.<ref>http://chestofbooks.com/reference/Facts-For-Everybody/Roman-Division-Of-Time.html</ref>
|-
|49
|But when they saw him walking upon the sea, they supposed it had been a spirit, and cried out:
|But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been a ghost, and cried out
|
|-
|50
|For they all saw him, and were troubled. And immediately he talked with them, and saith unto them, Be of good cheer: it is I; be not afraid.
|in fear. He spoke to them right away, and said, "Don't worry! It's just me, don't be afraid."
|
|-
|51
|And he went up unto them into the ship; and the wind ceased: and they were sore amazed in themselves beyond measure, and wondered.
|He boarded the ship and the wind died down: they were amazed, and looked on in awe.
|
|-
|52
|For they considered not the miracle of the loaves: for their heart was hardened.
|They had not understood the miracle of the loaves, because they had not opened their minds.
|
|-
|53
|And when they had passed over, they came into the land of Gennesaret, and drew to the shore.
|After they crossed the lake, they came to the land of Gennesaret and pulled up to the shore.
|
|-
|54
|And when they were come out of the ship, straightway they knew him,
|When they had come off the ship, everyone immediately recognized Jesus.
|
|-
|55
|And ran through that whole region round about, and began to carry about in beds those that were sick, where they heard he was.
|They ran throughout the nearby area and carried all the sick people, in beds, to the place where Jesus was said to be.
|
|-
|56
|And whithersoever he entered, into villages, or cities, or country, they laid the sick in the streets, and besought him that they might touch if it were but the border of his garment: and as many as touched him were made whole.
|Wherever he went - villages, cities, or the countryside - people laid the sick in the streets, and begged Jesus to let them touch him, even just the edge of his coat. Everyone who touched him was healed.
|
|}

==Chapter 7==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.
|Jesus was approached by the Pharisees, and some of the scribes, who came from Jerusalem.
|"who" rather than "which"; a rare flaw in the style of the [[KJV]] is its use of "which" and "that" to refer to persons
|-
|2
|And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.
|They observed several disciples eating bread without first washing their hands, and used that to criticize Jesus.
|is "defiled" necessary here?
|-
|3
|For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.
|The reason for this was that the Pharisees, along with all the other Jews, had a tradition never to eat unless they had washed their hands.
|Move to past tense to fit the rest of the passage.
|-
|4
|And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.
|When the come from the market, they do not eat unless they have washed first. They retain many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, bots, kettles, and tables.
|
|-
|5
|Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?
|Then the Pharisees and the scribes asked Jesus, "Why don't your disciples follow the traditions of their elders, instead of eating bread with unwashed hands?"
|
|-
|6
|He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.
|He responded to them, "Isaiah prophesied about you hypocrites, according to scripture: 'These people speak respectful words to me, by their hearts are not with me.
|
|-
|7
|Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.
|They worship me in vain, and their teachings are nothing more than rules made by men.
|
|-
|8
|For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.
|After turning away from the law of God, you cling to the rules of mere men.'
|
|-
|9
|And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.
|Isaiah also told them, 'You turn your backs on the commandment of God, in order to cling to your own customs.'
|Clarify the reference to Isaiah, which is ambiguous in most translations.
|-
|10
|For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:
|For Moses said, 'Honor your father and mother; and whoever curses his father or mother should receive the death penalty';
|should outer quotations be added? Use the "death penalty"
|-
|11
|But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.
|But you insist that if a man says to his parent, 'Whatever help I might have given you was instead given to God as a temple offering,'
|difficult to translate; more improvement welcome; issue of outside quotations remains; Corban replaced by "temple offering"
|-
|12
|And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;
|and you excused him from helping his father or mother.
|excused, or prohibited?
|-
|13
|Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.
|"You have made God's word and law useless with your tradition of revision, and many other actions like it."
|
|-
|14
|And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:
|When Jesus had called the people together around him, he said, "Listen to me, each of you, and know the truth."
|
|-
|15
|There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.
|"Nothing outside a man can enter him and corrupt him. Instead, that which comes from within can corrupt him."
|Interesting as this is also a doctrine in Plato (see the apology). Was he inspired by God, or perhaps did Jesus know earlier doctrines?
|-
|16
|If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.
|"So if anyone wishes to know the truth, let him listen."
|"ears to hear" denotes the open minded listener
|-
|17
|And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.
|After, when he had left the people and entered the house, the disciples asked him about the parable.
|
|-
|18
|And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;
|To this he responded, "Are you also so ignorant? Don't you see that anything which enters a man from outside cannot corrupt him,"
|
|-
|19
|Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?
|"Because it enters his stomach, not his heart, and is then expelled from his body?"
|
|-
|20
|And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.
|To this he added, "Anything that comes out of a man, it is that which corrupts him."
|
|-
|21
|For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,
|"Because, from inside of the heart come evil thoughts, adultery, fornication, murder,"
|
|-
|22
|Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:
|"theft, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lustfulness, an evil eye, blasphemy, unwarranted pride, and foolishness."
|
|-
|23
|All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.
|"All of these come from inside a man and corrupt him."
|
|-
|24
|And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.
|
|
|-
|25
|For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:
|
|
|-
|26
|The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.
|
|
|-
|27
|But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.
|
|
|-
|28
|And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.
|
|
|-
|29
|And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.
|
|
|-
|30
|And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.
|
|
|-
|31
|And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.
|
|
|-
|32
|And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.
|
|
|-
|33
|And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;
|
|
|-
|34
|And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.
|
|
|-
|35
|And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.
|
|
|-
|36
|And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;
|
|
|-
|37
|And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|In those days the multitude being very great, and having nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples unto him, and saith unto them,
|
|
|-
|2
|I have compassion on the multitude, because they have now been with me three days, and have nothing to eat:
|
|
|-
|3
|And if I send them away fasting to their own houses, they will faint by the way: for divers of them came from far.
|
|
|-
|4
|And his disciples answered him, From whence can a man satisfy these men with bread here in the wilderness?
|
|
|-
|5
|And he asked them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven.
|
|
|-
|6
|And he commanded the people to sit down on the ground: and he took the seven loaves, and gave thanks, and brake, and gave to his disciples to set before them; and they did set them before the people.
|
|
|-
|7
|And they had a few small fishes: and he blessed, and commanded to set them also before them.
|
|
|-
|8
|So they did eat, and were filled: and they took up of the broken meat that was left seven baskets.
|
|
|-
|9
|And they that had eaten were about four thousand: and he sent them away.
|
|
|-
|10
|And straightway he entered into a ship with his disciples, and came into the parts of Dalmanutha.
|
|
|-
|11
|And the Pharisees came forth, and began to question with him, seeking of him a sign from heaven, tempting him.
|
|
|-
|12
|And he sighed deeply in his spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek after a sign? verily I say unto you, There shall no sign be given unto this generation.
|
|
|-
|13
|And he left them, and entering into the ship again departed to the other side.
|
|
|-
|14
|Now the disciples had forgotten to take bread, neither had they in the ship with them more than one loaf.
|
|
|-
|15
|And he charged them, saying, Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and of the leaven of Herod.
|
|
|-
|16
|And they reasoned among themselves, saying, It is because we have no bread.
|
|
|-
|17
|And when Jesus knew it, he saith unto them, Why reason ye, because ye have no bread? perceive ye not yet, neither understand? have ye your heart yet hardened?
|
|
|-
|18
|Having eyes, see ye not? and having ears, hear ye not? and do ye not remember?
|
|
|-
|19
|When I brake the five loaves among five thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up? They say unto him, Twelve.
|
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|-
|20
|And when the seven among four thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up? And they said, Seven.
|
|
|-
|21
|And he said unto them, How is it that ye do not understand?
|
|
|-
|22
|And he cometh to Bethsaida; and they bring a blind man unto him, and besought him to touch him.
|
|
|-
|23
|And he took the blind man by the hand, and led him out of the town; and when he had spit on his eyes, and put his hands upon him, he asked him if he saw ought.
|
|
|-
|24
|And he looked up, and said, I see men as trees, walking.
|
|
|-
|25
|After that he put his hands again upon his eyes, and made him look up: and he was restored, and saw every man clearly.
|
|
|-
|26
|And he sent him away to his house, saying, Neither go into the town, nor tell it to any in the town.
|
|
|-
|27
|And Jesus went out, and his disciples, into the towns of Caesarea Philippi: and by the way he asked his disciples, saying unto them, Whom do men say that I am?
|
|
|-
|28
|And they answered, John the Baptist: but some say, Elias; and others, One of the prophets.
|
|
|-
|29
|And he saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? And Peter answereth and saith unto him, Thou art the Christ.
|
|
|-
|30
|And he charged them that they should tell no man of him.
|
|
|-
|31
|And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.
|
|
|-
|32
|And he spake that saying openly. And Peter took him, and began to rebuke him.
|
|
|-
|33
|But when he had turned about and looked on his disciples, he rebuked Peter, saying, Get thee behind me, Satan: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but the things that be of men.
|
|
|-
|34
|And when he had called the people unto him with his disciples also, he said unto them, Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.
|
|
|-
|35
|For whosoever will save his life shall lose it; but whosoever shall lose his life for my sake and the gospel's, the same shall save it.
|
|
|-
|36
|For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?
|
|
|-
|37
|Or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?
|
|
|-
|38
|Whosoever therefore shall be ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation; of him also shall the Son of man be ashamed, when he cometh in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.
|
|
|}
[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

==Chapter 9==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That there be some of them that stand here, which shall not taste of death, till they have seen the kingdom of God come with power.
|
|
|-
|2
|And after six days Jesus taketh with him Peter, and James, and John, and leadeth them up into an high mountain apart by themselves: and he was transfigured before them.
|
|
|-
|3
|And his raiment became shining, exceeding white as snow; so as no fuller on earth can white them.
|
|
|-
|4
|And there appeared unto them Elias with Moses: and they were talking with Jesus.
|
|
|-
|5
|And Peter answered and said to Jesus, Master, it is good for us to be here: and let us make three tabernacles; one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias.
|
|
|-
|6
|For he wist not what to say; for they were sore afraid.
|
|
|-
|7
|And there was a cloud that overshadowed them: and a voice came out of the cloud, saying, This is my beloved Son: hear him.
|
|
|-
|8
|And suddenly, when they had looked round about, they saw no man any more, save Jesus only with themselves.
|
|
|-
|9
|And as they came down from the mountain, he charged them that they should tell no man what things they had seen, till the Son of man were risen from the dead.
|
|
|-
|10
|And they kept that saying with themselves, questioning one with another what the rising from the dead should mean.
|
|
|-
|11
|And they asked him, saying, Why say the scribes that Elias must first come?
|
|
|-
|12
|And he answered and told them, Elias verily cometh first, and restoreth all things; and how it is written of the Son of man, that he must suffer many things, and be set at nought.
|
|
|-
|13
|But I say unto you, That Elias is indeed come, and they have done unto him whatsoever they listed, as it is written of him.
|
|
|-
|14
|And when he came to his disciples, he saw a great multitude about them, and the scribes questioning with them.
|
|
|-
|15
|And straightway all the people, when they beheld him, were greatly amazed, and running to him saluted him.
|
|
|-
|16
|And he asked the scribes, What question ye with them?
|
|
|-
|17
|And one of the multitude answered and said, Master, I have brought unto thee my son, which hath a dumb spirit;
|
|
|-
|18
|And wheresoever he taketh him, he teareth him: and he foameth, and gnasheth with his teeth, and pineth away: and I spake to thy disciples that they should cast him out; and they could not.
|
|
|-
|19
|He answereth him, and saith, O faithless generation, how long shall I be with you? how long shall I suffer you? bring him unto me.
|
|
|-
|20
|And they brought him unto him: and when he saw him, straightway the spirit tare him; and he fell on the ground, and wallowed foaming.
|
|
|-
|21
|And he asked his father, How long is it ago since this came unto him? And he said, Of a child.
|
|
|-
|22
|And ofttimes it hath cast him into the fire, and into the waters, to destroy him: but if thou canst do any thing, have compassion on us, and help us.
|
|
|-
|23
|Jesus said unto him, If thou canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth.
|
|
|-
|24
|And straightway the father of the child cried out, and said with tears, Lord, I believe; help thou mine unbelief.
|
|
|-
|25
|When Jesus saw that the people came running together, he rebuked the foul spirit, saying unto him, Thou dumb and deaf spirit, I charge thee, come out of him, and enter no more into him.
|
|
|-
|26
|And the spirit cried, and rent him sore, and came out of him: and he was as one dead; insomuch that many said, He is dead.
|
|
|-
|27
|But Jesus took him by the hand, and lifted him up; and he arose.
|
|
|-
|28
|And when he was come into the house, his disciples asked him privately, Why could not we cast him out?
|
|
|-
|29
|And he said unto them, This kind can come forth by nothing, but by prayer and fasting.
|
|
|-
|30
|And they departed thence, and passed through Galilee; and he would not that any man should know it.
|
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|-
|31
|For he taught his disciples, and said unto them, The Son of man is delivered into the hands of men, and they shall kill him; and after that he is killed, he shall rise the third day.
|
|
|-
|32
|But they understood not that saying, and were afraid to ask him.
|
|
|-
|33
|And he came to Capernaum: and being in the house he asked them, What was it that ye disputed among yourselves by the way?
|
|
|-
|34
|But they held their peace: for by the way they had disputed among themselves, who should be the greatest.
|
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|-
|35
|And he sat down, and called the twelve, and saith unto them, If any man desire to be first, the same shall be last of all, and servant of all.
|
|
|-
|36
|And he took a child, and set him in the midst of them: and when he had taken him in his arms, he said unto them,
|
|
|-
|37
|Whosoever shall receive one of such children in my name, receiveth me: and whosoever shall receive me, receiveth not me, but him that sent me.
|
|
|-
|38
|And John answered him, saying, Master, we saw one casting out devils in thy name, and he followeth not us: and we forbad him, because he followeth not us.
|
|
|-
|39
|But Jesus said, Forbid him not: for there is no man which shall do a miracle in my name, that can lightly speak evil of me.
|
|
|-
|40
|For he that is not against us is on our part.
|
|
|-
|41
|For whosoever shall give you a cup of water to drink in my name, because ye belong to Christ, verily I say unto you, he shall not lose his reward.
|
|
|-
|42
|And whosoever shall offend one of these little ones that believe in me, it is better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and he were cast into the sea.
|
|
|-
|43
|And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off: it is better for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands to go into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched:
|
|
|-
|44
|Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.
|
|
|-
|45
|And if thy foot offend thee, cut it off: it is better for thee to enter halt into life, than having two feet to be cast into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched:
|
|
|-
|46
|Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.
|
|
|-
|47
|And if thine eye offend thee, pluck it out: it is better for thee to enter into the kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes to be cast into hell fire:
|
|
|-
|48
|Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.
|
|
|-
|49
|For every one shall be salted with fire, and every sacrifice shall be salted with salt.
|
|
|-
|50
|Salt is good: but if the salt have lost his saltness, wherewith will ye season it? Have salt in yourselves, and have peace one with another.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 10==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he arose from thence, and cometh into the coasts of Judaea by the farther side of Jordan: and the people resort unto him again; and, as he was wont, he taught them again.
|
|
|-
|2
|And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him.
|
|
|-
|3
|And he answered and said unto them, What did Moses command you?
|
|
|-
|4
|And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.
|
|
|-
|5
|And Jesus answered and said unto them, For the hardness of your heart he wrote you this precept.
|
|
|-
|6
|But from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female.
|
|
|-
|7
|For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and cleave to his wife;
|
|
|-
|8
|And they twain shall be one flesh: so then they are no more twain, but one flesh.
|
|
|-
|9
|What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.
|
|
|-
|10
|And in the house his disciples asked him again of the same matter.
|
|
|-
|11
|And he saith unto them, Whosoever shall put away his wife, and marry another, committeth adultery against her.
|
|
|-
|12
|And if a woman shall put away her husband, and be married to another, she committeth adultery.
|
|
|-
|13
|And they brought young children to him, that he should touch them: and his disciples rebuked those that brought them.
|
|
|-
|14
|But when Jesus saw it, he was much displeased, and said unto them, Suffer the little children to come unto me, and forbid them not: for of such is the kingdom of God.
|
|
|-
|15
|Verily I say unto you, Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child, he shall not enter therein.
|
|
|-
|16
|And he took them up in his arms, put his hands upon them, and blessed them.
|
|
|-
|17
|And when he was gone forth into the way, there came one running, and kneeled to him, and asked him, Good Master, what shall I do that I may inherit eternal life?
|
|
|-
|18
|And Jesus said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God.
|
|
|-
|19
|Thou knowest the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not kill, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Defraud not, Honour thy father and mother.
|
|
|-
|20
|And he answered and said unto him, Master, all these have I observed from my youth.
|
|
|-
|21
|Then Jesus beholding him loved him, and said unto him, One thing thou lackest: go thy way, sell whatsoever thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come, take up the cross, and follow me.
|
|
|-
|22
|And he was sad at that saying, and went away grieved: for he had great possessions.
|
|
|-
|23
|And Jesus looked round about, and saith unto his disciples, How hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God!
|
|
|-
|24
|And the disciples were astonished at his words. But Jesus answereth again, and saith unto them, Children, how hard is it for them that trust in riches to enter into the kingdom of God!
|
|
|-
|25
|It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.
|
|
|-
|26
|And they were astonished out of measure, saying among themselves, Who then can be saved?
|
|
|-
|27
|And Jesus looking upon them saith, With men it is impossible, but not with God: for with God all things are possible.
|
|
|-
|28
|Then Peter began to say unto him, Lo, we have left all, and have followed thee.
|
|
|-
|29
|And Jesus answered and said, Verily I say unto you, There is no man that hath left house, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my sake, and the gospel's,
|
|
|-
|30
|But he shall receive an hundredfold now in this time, houses, and brethren, and sisters, and mothers, and children, and lands, with persecutions; and in the world to come eternal life.
|
|
|-
|31
|But many that are first shall be last; and the last first.
|
|
|-
|32
|And they were in the way going up to Jerusalem; and Jesus went before them: and they were amazed; and as they followed, they were afraid. And he took again the twelve, and began to tell them what things should happen unto him,
|
|
|-
|33
|Saying, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem; and the Son of man shall be delivered unto the chief priests, and unto the scribes; and they shall condemn him to death, and shall deliver him to the Gentiles:
|
|
|-
|34
|And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
|
|
|-
|35
|And James and John, the sons of Zebedee, come unto him, saying, Master, we would that thou shouldest do for us whatsoever we shall desire.
|
|
|-
|36
|And he said unto them, What would ye that I should do for you?
|
|
|-
|37
|They said unto him, Grant unto us that we may sit, one on thy right hand, and the other on thy left hand, in thy glory.
|
|
|-
|38
|But Jesus said unto them, Ye know not what ye ask: can ye drink of the cup that I drink of? and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?
|
|
|-
|39
|And they said unto him, We can. And Jesus said unto them, Ye shall indeed drink of the cup that I drink of; and with the baptism that I am baptized withal shall ye be baptized:
|
|
|-
|40
|But to sit on my right hand and on my left hand is not mine to give; but it shall be given to them for whom it is prepared.
|
|
|-
|41
|And when the ten heard it, they began to be much displeased with James and John.
|
|
|-
|42
|But Jesus called them to him, and saith unto them, Ye know that they which are accounted to rule over the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and their great ones exercise authority upon them.
|
|
|-
|43
|But so shall it not be among you: but whosoever will be great among you, shall be your minister:
|
|
|-
|44
|And whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all.
|
|
|-
|45
|For even the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.
|
|
|-
|46
|And they came to Jericho: and as he went out of Jericho with his disciples and a great number of people, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the highway side begging.
|
|
|-
|47
|And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out, and say, Jesus, thou Son of David, have mercy on me.
|
|
|-
|48
|And many charged him that he should hold his peace: but he cried the more a great deal, Thou Son of David, have mercy on me.
|
|
|-
|49
|And Jesus stood still, and commanded him to be called. And they call the blind man, saying unto him, Be of good comfort, rise; he calleth thee.
|
|
|-
|50
|And he, casting away his garment, rose, and came to Jesus.
|
|
|-
|51
|And Jesus answered and said unto him, What wilt thou that I should do unto thee? The blind man said unto him, Lord, that I might receive my sight.
|
|
|-
|52
|And Jesus said unto him, Go thy way; thy faith hath made thee whole. And immediately he received his sight, and followed Jesus in the way.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 11==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And when they came nigh to Jerusalem, unto Bethphage and Bethany, at the mount of Olives, he sendeth forth two of his disciples,
|
|
|-
|2
|And saith unto them, Go your way into the village over against you: and as soon as ye be entered into it, ye shall find a colt tied, whereon never man sat; loose him, and bring him.
|
|
|-
|3
|And if any man say unto you, Why do ye this? say ye that the Lord hath need of him; and straightway he will send him hither.
|
|
|-
|4
|And they went their way, and found the colt tied by the door without in a place where two ways met; and they loose him.
|
|
|-
|5
|And certain of them that stood there said unto them, What do ye, loosing the colt?
|
|
|-
|6
|And they said unto them even as Jesus had commanded: and they let them go.
|
|
|-
|7
|And they brought the colt to Jesus, and cast their garments on him; and he sat upon him.
|
|
|-
|8
|And many spread their garments in the way: and others cut down branches off the trees, and strawed them in the way.
|
|
|-
|9
|And they that went before, and they that followed, cried, saying, Hosanna; Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord:
|
|
|-
|10
|Blessed be the kingdom of our father David, that cometh in the name of the Lord: Hosanna in the highest.
|
|-
|11
|And Jesus entered into Jerusalem, and into the temple: and when he had looked round about upon all things, and now the eventide was come, he went out unto Bethany with the twelve.
|
|
|-
|12
|And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry:
|
|
|-
|13
|And seeing a fig tree afar off having leaves, he came, if haply he might find any thing thereon: and when he came to it, he found nothing but leaves; for the time of figs was not yet.
|
|
|-
|14
|And Jesus answered and said unto it, No man eat fruit of thee hereafter for ever. And his disciples heard it.
|
|
|-
|15
|And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;
|
|
|-
|16
|And would not suffer that any man should carry any vessel through the temple.
|
|
|-
|17
|And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves.
|
|
|-
|18
|And the scribes and chief priests heard it, and sought how they might destroy him: for they feared him, because all the people was astonished at his doctrine.
|
|
|-
|19
|And when even was come, he went out of the city.
|
|
|-
|20
|And in the morning, as they passed by, they saw the fig tree dried up from the roots.
|
|
|-
|21
|And Peter calling to remembrance saith unto him, Master, behold, the fig tree which thou cursedst is withered away.
|
|
|-
|22
|And Jesus answering saith unto them, Have faith in God.
|
|
|-
|23
|For verily I say unto you, That whosoever shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that those things which he saith shall come to pass; he shall have whatsoever he saith.
|
|
|-
|24
|Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire, when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them.
|
|
|-
|25
|And when ye stand praying, forgive, if ye have ought against any: that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses.
|
|
|-
|26
|But if ye do not forgive, neither will your Father which is in heaven forgive your trespasses.
|
|
|-
|27
|And they come again to Jerusalem: and as he was walking in the temple, there come to him the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders,
|
|
|-
|28
|And say unto him, By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority to do these things?
|
|
|-
|29
|And Jesus answered and said unto them, I will also ask of you one question, and answer me, and I will tell you by what authority I do these things.
|
|
|-
|30
|The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men? answer me.
|
|
|-
|31
|And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then did ye not believe him?
|
|
|-
|32
|But if we shall say, Of men; they feared the people: for all men counted John, that he was a prophet indeed.
|
|
|-
|33
|And they answered and said unto Jesus, We cannot tell. And Jesus answering saith unto them, Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 12==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he began to speak unto them by parables. A certain man planted a vineyard, and set an hedge about it, and digged a place for the winefat, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country.
|
|
|-
|2
|And at the season he sent to the husbandmen a servant, that he might receive from the husbandmen of the fruit of the vineyard.
|
|
|-
|3
|And they caught him, and beat him, and sent him away empty.
|
|
|-
|4
|And again he sent unto them another servant; and at him they cast stones, and wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully handled.
|
|
|-
|5
|And again he sent another; and him they killed, and many others; beating some, and killing some.
|
|
|-
|6
|Having yet therefore one son, his wellbeloved, he sent him also last unto them, saying, They will reverence my son.
|
|
|-
|7
|But those husbandmen said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance shall be ours.
|
|
|-
|8
|And they took him, and killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard.
|
|
|-
|9
|What shall therefore the lord of the vineyard do? he will come and destroy the husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others.
|
|
|-
|10
|And have ye not read this scripture; The stone which the builders rejected is become the head of the corner:
|
|
|-
|11
|This was the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes?
|
|
|-
|12
|And they sought to lay hold on him, but feared the people: for they knew that he had spoken the parable against them: and they left him, and went their way.
|
|
|-
|13
|And they send unto him certain of the Pharisees and of the Herodians, to catch him in his words.
|
|
|-
|14
|And when they were come, they say unto him, Master, we know that thou art true, and carest for no man: for thou regardest not the person of men, but teachest the way of God in truth: Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?
|
|
|-
|15
|Shall we give, or shall we not give? But he, knowing their hypocrisy, said unto them, Why tempt ye me? bring me a penny, that I may see it.
|
|
|-
|16
|And they brought it. And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription? And they said unto him, Caesar's.
|
|
|-
|17
|And Jesus answering said unto them, Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's. And they marvelled at him.
|
|
|-
|18
|Then come unto him the Sadducees, which say there is no resurrection; and they asked him, saying,
|
|
|-
|19
|Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a man's brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
|
|
|-
|20
|Now there were seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and dying left no seed.
|
|
|-
|21
|And the second took her, and died, neither left he any seed: and the third likewise.
|
|
|-
|22
|And the seven had her, and left no seed: last of all the woman died also.
|
|
|-
|23
|In the resurrection therefore, when they shall rise, whose wife shall she be of them? for the seven had her to wife.
|
|
|-
|24
|And Jesus answering said unto them, Do ye not therefore err, because ye know not the scriptures, neither the power of God?
|
|
|-
|25
|For when they shall rise from the dead, they neither marry, nor are given in marriage; but are as the angels which are in heaven.
|
|
|-
|26
|And as touching the dead, that they rise: have ye not read in the book of Moses, how in the bush God spake unto him, saying, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?
|
|
|-
|27
|He is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living: ye therefore do greatly err.
|
|
|-
|28
|And one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, and perceiving that he had answered them well, asked him, Which is the first commandment of all?
|
|
|-
|29
|And Jesus answered him, The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord:
|
|
|-
|30
|And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength: this is the first commandment.
|
|
|-
|31
|And the second is like, namely this, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. There is none other commandment greater than these.
|
|
|-
|32
|And the scribe said unto him, Well, Master, thou hast said the truth: for there is one God; and there is none other but he:
|
|
|-
|33
|And to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love his neighbour as himself, is more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.
|
|
|-
|34
|And when Jesus saw that he answered discreetly, he said unto him, Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no man after that durst ask him any question.
|
|
|-
|35
|And Jesus answered and said, while he taught in the temple, How say the scribes that Christ is the Son of David?
|
|
|-
|36
|For David himself said by the Holy Ghost, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool.
|
|
|-
|37
|David therefore himself calleth him Lord; and whence is he then his son? And the common people heard him gladly.
|
|
|-
|38
|And he said unto them in his doctrine, Beware of the scribes, which love to go in long clothing, and love salutations in the marketplaces,
|
|
|-
|39
|And the chief seats in the synagogues, and the uppermost rooms at feasts:
|
|
|-
|40
|Which devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayers: these shall receive greater damnation.
|
|
|-
|41
|And Jesus sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people cast money into the treasury: and many that were rich cast in much.
|
|
|-
|42
|And there came a certain poor widow, and she threw in two mites, which make a farthing.
|
|
|-
|43
|And he called unto him his disciples, and saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That this poor widow hath cast more in, than all they which have cast into the treasury:
|
|
|-
|44
|For all they did cast in of their abundance; but she of her want did cast in all that she had, even all her living.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 13==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And as he went out of the temple, one of his disciples saith unto him, Master, see what manner of stones and what buildings are here!
|
|
|-
|2
|And Jesus answering said unto him, Seest thou these great buildings? there shall not be left one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
|
|
|-
|3
|And as he sat upon the mount of Olives over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew asked him privately,
|
|
|-
|4
|Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign when all these things shall be fulfilled?
|
|
|-
|5
|And Jesus answering them began to say, Take heed lest any man deceive you:
|
|
|-
|6
|For many shall come in my name, saying, I am Christ; and shall deceive many.
|
|
|-
|7
|And when ye shall hear of wars and rumours of wars, be ye not troubled: for such things must needs be; but the end shall not be yet.
|
|
|-
|8
|For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be earthquakes in divers places, and there shall be famines and troubles: these are the beginnings of sorrows.
|
|
|-
|9
|But take heed to yourselves: for they shall deliver you up to councils; and in the synagogues ye shall be beaten: and ye shall be brought before rulers and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them.
|
|
|-
|10
|And the gospel must first be published among all nations.
|
|
|-
|11
|But when they shall lead you, and deliver you up, take no thought beforehand what ye shall speak, neither do ye premeditate: but whatsoever shall be given you in that hour, that speak ye: for it is not ye that speak, but the Holy Ghost.
|
|
|-
|12
|Now the brother shall betray the brother to death, and the father the son; and children shall rise up against their parents, and shall cause them to be put to death.
|
|
|-
|13
|And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that shall endure unto the end, the same shall be saved.
|
|
|-
|14
|But when ye shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not, (let him that readeth understand,) then let them that be in Judaea flee to the mountains:
|
|
|-
|15
|And let him that is on the housetop not go down into the house, neither enter therein, to take any thing out of his house:
|
|
|-
|16
|And let him that is in the field not turn back again for to take up his garment.
|
|
|-
|17
|But woe to them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days!
|
|
|-
|18
|And pray ye that your flight be not in the winter.
|
|
|-
|19
|For in those days shall be affliction, such as was not from the beginning of the creation which God created unto this time, neither shall be.
|
|
|-
|20
|And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.
|
|
|-
|21
|And then if any man shall say to you, Lo, here is Christ; or, lo, he is there; believe him not:
|
|
|-
|22
|For false Christs and false prophets shall rise, and shall shew signs and wonders, to seduce, if it were possible, even the elect.
|
|
|-
|23
|But take ye heed: behold, I have foretold you all things.
|
|
|-
|24
|But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light,
|
|
|-
|25
|And the stars of heaven shall fall, and the powers that are in heaven shall be shaken.
|
|
|-
|26
|And then shall they see the Son of man coming in the clouds with great power and glory.
|
|
|-
|27
|And then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven.
|
|
|-
|28
|Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When her branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is near:
|
|
|-
|29
|So ye in like manner, when ye shall see these things come to pass, know that it is nigh, even at the doors.
|
|
|-
|30
|Verily I say unto you, that this generation shall not pass, till all these things be done.
|
|
|-
|31
|Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away.
|
|
|-
|32
|But of that day and that hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels which are in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father.
|
|
|-
|33
|Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.
|
|
|-
|34
|For the Son of man is as a man taking a far journey, who left his house, and gave authority to his servants, and to every man his work, and commanded the porter to watch.
|
|
|-
|35
|Watch ye therefore: for ye know not when the master of the house cometh, at even, or at midnight, or at the cockcrowing, or in the morning:
|
|
|-
|36
|Lest coming suddenly he find you sleeping.
|
|
|-
|37
|And what I say unto you I say unto all, Watch.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 14==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|After two days was the feast of the passover, and of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death.
|Two days later, it was time for the the passover holiday of unleavened bread, and the chief priests and scribes were trying to figure out how to catch him by deceit and kill him.
|
|-
|2
|But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar of the people.
|But they said, "Not on the holiday; the mob will get upset."
|
|-
|3
|And being in Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as he sat at meat, there came a woman having an alabaster box of ointment of spikenard very precious; and she brake the box, and poured it on his head.
|At that time, he was in Bethany at Simon the leper's house, having a meal. A woman came in with an expensive white crystal container of valerian oil, which she opened and poured over his head.
|
|-
|4
|And there were some that had indignation within themselves, and said, Why was this waste of the ointment made?
|Some of the onlookers were shocked, saying "Why did she waste that nice oil like that?
|
|-
|5
|For it might have been sold for more than three hundred pence, and have been given to the poor. And they murmured against her.
|We could have sold that for more than three dollars and charitably donated the money to the poor!" They kept whispering about what a bad thing she had done.
|
|-
|6
|And Jesus said, Let her alone; why trouble ye her? she hath wrought a good work on me.
|But Jesus said, "Leave her alone; why are you bothering her? She had done something good.
|
|-
|7
|For ye have the poor with you always, and whensoever ye will ye may do them good: but me ye have not always.
|There will always be poor people around, and whenever you feel like helping them you can, but I am not going to be around forever.
|
|-
|8
|She hath done what she could: she is come aforehand to anoint my body to the burying.
|She did what she could: She came in advance to get my body ready for burial.
|
|-
|9
|Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she hath done shall be spoken of for a memorial of her.
|I'm telling the truth: Anywhere in the world that people preach the good news about me, they are also going to remember what she did and talk about it."
|
|-
|10
|And Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve, went unto the chief priests, to betray him unto them.
|After that, Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles, went to betray Jesus to the chief priests,
|
|-
|11
|And when they heard it, they were glad, and promised to give him money. And he sought how he might conveniently betray him.
|who were happy to hear about it and offered to pay him off. So Judas thought about how it would be most convenient to do the deed.
|
|-
|12
|And the first day of unleavened bread, when they killed the passover, his disciples said unto him, Where wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the passover?
|So on the first day of the Passover holiday, after they killed the lamb, Jesus's disciples said to him, "Hey, where do you want us to go and get this lamb ready for you to eat?"
|
|-
|13
|And he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and saith unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water: follow him.
|He answered by sending two of the disciples to go to town. "Go into the city, and you'll find a man carrying a pitcher of water. Follow this guy.
|
|-
|14
|And wheresoever he shall go in, say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?
|If he goes into a house, tell the man in charge, 'Our master wants to know where the guestroom is, so we can eat our lamb.'
|
|-
|15
|And he will shew you a large upper room furnished and prepared: there make ready for us.
|He will show you a big room on the second floor. The room is already set for us, so you just get yourselves ready there."
|
|-
|16
|And his disciples went forth, and came into the city, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the passover.
|So the disciples went into town, and it happened exactly like he had told them, so they got the lamb ready to eat.
|
|-
|17
|And in the evening he cometh with the twelve.
|That evening, Jesus and the twelve all showed up there.
|
|-
|18
|And as they sat and did eat, Jesus said, Verily I say unto you, One of you which eateth with me shall betray me.
|While they were sitting and eating, Jesus said, "I'm serious: One of you guys is going to betray me."
|
|-
|19
|And they began to be sorrowful, and to say unto him one by one, Is it I? and another said, Is it I?
|They became very upset, and one after another said, "Are you talking to me?" "Is it me?"
|
|-
|20
|And he answered and said unto them, It is one of the twelve, that dippeth with me in the dish.
|Jesus told them, "It is one of you - the one who dips his bread in the bowl with me.
|
|-
|21
|The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that man if he had never been born.
|The Son of man really walks the earth, as the scriptures said, but as for the man who betrays the Son of man, he would have been better off if he'd never been born."
|
|-
|22
|And as they did eat, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take, eat: this is my body.
|And while they were eating, Jesus took the bread, blessed it, broke it, and distributed it, saying "Take this and eat it. It's my body."
|
|-
|23
|And he took the cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them: and they all drank of it.
|And he took the cup, said a prayer, and passed it around, and everybody drank some.
|
|-
|24
|And he said unto them, This is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many.
|Then he said to them, "This is my blood of the new testament, which I bled for the sake of many people.
|
|-
|25
|Verily I say unto you, I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God.
|I'm serious; I'm not drinking any more wine until the day I drink it new in the kingdom of God."
|
|-
|26
|And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.
|Then, after they had sung a hymn, they went out into the Mount of Olives,
|
|-
|27
|And Jesus saith unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered.
|where Jesus told them, "All of you guys are going to have big problems tonight because of me. You see, it's written that I'm going to whack the shepherd, and then the sheep will be scattered all over the place.
|
|-
|28
|But after that I am risen, I will go before you into Galilee.
|But after I rise, I'm going to go into Galilee ahead of you."
|
|-
|29
|But Peter said unto him, Although all shall be offended, yet will not I.
|But Peter said, "Even if there's trouble for everyone, I won't have a problem with anything."
|
|-
|30
|And Jesus saith unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this day, even in this night, before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice.
|And Jesus said to him, "Hear me now, and believe me later. Today-- No, tonight, before the rooster crows twice, you are going to disown me three times."
|
|-
|31
|But he spake the more vehemently, If I should die with thee, I will not deny thee in any wise. Likewise also said they all.
|But Peter protested, with agitation, "Even if I end up having to die with you, I'll never disown you." Everyone chimed in to say the same.
|
|-
|32
|And they came to a place which was named Gethsemane: and he saith to his disciples, Sit ye here, while I shall pray.
|By now, they were at a place called Gethsemane. Jesus told his disciples, "Take a seat here, everyone. I want to pray."
|
|-
|33
|And he taketh with him Peter and James and John, and began to be sore amazed, and to be very heavy;
|Then he went away from them, taking Peter, James, and John, and he became very upset and distressed.
|
|-
|34
|And saith unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful unto death: tarry ye here, and watch.
|He said to them, "My soul is dying of sadness. Stay here and keep your eyes open."
|
|-
|35
|And he went forward a little, and fell on the ground, and prayed that, if it were possible, the hour might pass from him.
|He wandered away a little, and fell to the ground. He prayed that if there were any possible way he wouldn't have to go through this time.
|
|-
|36
|And he said, Abba, Father, all things are possible unto thee; take away this cup from me: nevertheless not what I will, but what thou wilt.
|He said, "Oh Father, anything is possible for you. I don't want to have to drink this cup. Take it away. But anyway, let it be what you want, not what I want."
|
|-
|37
|And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest not thou watch one hour?
|When he came back and found his disciples sleeping, he said to Peter, "Simon are you sleeping? Couldn't you keep your eyes open for an hour?
|
|-
|38
|Watch ye and pray, lest ye enter into temptation. The spirit truly is ready, but the flesh is weak.
|Keep them open and pray, or else you might fall for temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak."
|
|-
|39
|And again he went away, and prayed, and spake the same words.
|Again, he went away and prayed, and he said the same thing again.
|
|-
|40
|And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,) neither wist they what to answer him.
|When he got back, he found them asleep again (they were really tired), and they had no idea how to answer him.
|
|-
|41
|And he cometh the third time, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: it is enough, the hour is come; behold, the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
|The third time he came back, he told them, "Just sleep now, it's enough. The time has come for the Son of man to be betrayed into the hands of sinners.
|
|-
|42
|Rise up, let us go; lo, he that betrayeth me is at hand.
|Get up, let's go. Look, the betrayer is here."
|
|-
|43
|And immediately, while he yet spake, cometh Judas, one of the twelve, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and the scribes and the elders.
|And just as he was saying that, Judas came in, along with a lot of armed people, from the chief priests, scribes, and elders.
|
|-
|44
|And he that betrayed him had given them a token, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he; take him, and lead him away safely.
|The betrayer had made an arrangement with them: "I'm going to kiss this guy; that's the one you want. Take him and get him out of there."
|
|-
|45
|And as soon as he was come, he goeth straightway to him, and saith, Master, master; and kissed him.
|And sure enough, as soon as he was there, he went directly to Jesus, saying "Hi Master!" and kissed him.
|
|-
|46
|And they laid their hands on him, and took him.
|And the armed people grabbed Jesus and took him away.
|
|-
|47
|And one of them that stood by drew a sword, and smote a servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear.
|But Peter, who was standing by, pulled his sword out and struck the high priest's servant, cutting off his ear.
|
|-
|48
|And Jesus answered and said unto them, Are ye come out, as against a thief, with swords and with staves to take me?
|As for Jesus, he said, "Are you coming to get me with your swords and sticks, like I'm some kind of thief?
|
|-
|49
|I was daily with you in the temple teaching, and ye took me not: but the scriptures must be fulfilled.
|I was right there with you teaching in the temple every single day, and you never came for me then. Oh well, the scriptures will have to be fulfilled."
|
|-
|50
|And they all forsook him, and fled.
|Then everybody gave up on him and took off.
|
|-
|51
|And there followed him a certain young man, having a linen cloth cast about his naked body; and the young men laid hold on him:
|But I was there following him, with a linen sheet wrapped around my naked body, when I was grabbed by the young men.
|
|-
|52
|And he left the linen cloth, and fled from them naked.
|I ran away naked, leaving the sheet with them.
|
|-
|53
|And they led Jesus away to the high priest: and with him were assembled all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes.
|Then the armed men took Jesus to the high priest, and all the chief priests, elders, and scribes were assembled there.
|
|-
|54
|And Peter followed him afar off, even into the palace of the high priest: and he sat with the servants, and warmed himself at the fire.
|Peter followed from a distance, all the way into the high priest's palace, and he sat down at the fire with the servants and made himself comfortable.
|
|-
|55
|And the chief priests and all the council sought for witness against Jesus to put him to death; and found none.
|The chief priests and the rest of the council asked for testimony against Jesus so they could put him to death, but there wasn't any such testimony to be found.
|
|-
|56
|For many bare false witness against him, but their witness agreed not together.
|That is to say, there was testimony against him, but it was false testimony, and the witnesses contradicted each other.
|
|-
|57
|And there arose certain, and bare false witness against him, saying,
|The deceitful witnesses said,
|
|-
|58
|We heard him say, I will destroy this temple that is made with hands, and within three days I will build another made without hands.
|"We heard him say, 'I will destroy this handmade temple, and within three days I will build another without using my hands."
|
|-
|59
|But neither so did their witness agree together.
|But anyway, those witnesses couldn't get their story straight.
|
|-
|60
|And the high priest stood up in the midst, and asked Jesus, saying, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?
|The high priest stood up and asked Jesus, "Don't you have anything to say? Just what are they saying about you?"
|
|-
|61
|But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?
|Jesus kept his mouth shut. The high priest started interrogating him again: "Are you the Christ, the son of the blessed?"
|
|-
|62
|And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
|Jesus answered this one, saying "Yes I am, and you all are going to see the son of man sitting at the right hand side of power and coming in the clouds of heaven."
|
|-
|63
|Then the high priest rent his clothes, and saith, What need we any further witnesses?
|The high priest ripped his shirt off, saying "Witnesses? We don't need any more witnesses!
|
|-
|64
|Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned him to be guilty of death.
|You all heard that blasphemy, now what do you think about that?" And they all condemned him to death.
|
|-
|65
|And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.
|Some of them spat on him. They put a bag over his head and punched him. They taunted him, "So tell us the future, prophet!", and the servants slapped him.
|
|-
|66
|And as Peter was beneath in the palace, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest:
|Meanwhile, Peter was down in the palace, when one of the high priest's maids came by.
|
|-
|67
|And when she saw Peter warming himself, she looked upon him, and said, And thou also wast with Jesus of Nazareth.
|And when she saw Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, "Hey, you were with that Jesus of Nazareth, weren't you?"
|
|-
|68
|But he denied, saying, I know not, neither understand I what thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; and the cock crew.
|He denied it, saying, "I don't have any idea what you're talking about." And as he went out to the porch, the rooster crowed.
|
|-
|69
|And a maid saw him again, and began to say to them that stood by, This is one of them.
|And another maid saw him, and said to the bystanders, "This is one of them."
|
|-
|70
|And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by said again to Peter, Surely thou art one of them: for thou art a Galilaean, and thy speech agreeth thereto.
|
|
|-
|71
|But he began to curse and to swear, saying, I know not this man of whom ye speak.
|
|
|-
|72
|And the second time the cock crew. And Peter called to mind the word that Jesus said unto him, Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice. And when he thought thereon, he wept.
|
|
|}

==Chapter 15==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And straightway in the morning the chief priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes and the whole council, and bound Jesus, and carried him away, and delivered him to Pilate.
|
|
|-
|2
|And Pilate asked him, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answering said unto him, Thou sayest it.
|
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|-
|3
|And the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing.
|
|
|-
|4
|And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they witness against thee.
|
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|-
|5
|But Jesus yet answered nothing; so that Pilate marvelled.
|
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|-
|6
|Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired.
|
|
|-
|7
|And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.
|
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|-
|8
|And the multitude crying aloud began to desire him to do as he had ever done unto them.
|
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|-
|9
|But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
|
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|-
|10
|For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.
|
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|-
|11
|But the chief priests moved the people, that he should rather release Barabbas unto them.
|
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|-
|12
|And Pilate answered and said again unto them, What will ye then that I shall do unto him whom ye call the King of the Jews?
|
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|-
|13
|And they cried out again, Crucify him.
|
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|-
|14
|Then Pilate said unto them, Why, what evil hath he done? And they cried out the more exceedingly, Crucify him. say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?
|
|
|-
|15
|And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified.
|
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|-
|16
|And the soldiers led him away into the hall, called Praetorium; and they call together the whole band.
|
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|-
|17
|And they clothed him with purple, and platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head,
|
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|-
|18
|And began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews!
|
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|-
|19
|And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him.
|
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|-
|20
|And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own clothes on him, and led him out to crucify him.
|
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|-
|21
|And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross.
|
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|-
|22
|And they bring him unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a skull.
|
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|-
|23
|And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
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|-
|24
|And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.
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|-
|25
|And it was the third hour, and they crucified him.
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|-
|26
|And the superscription of his accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE JEWS.
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|-
|27
|And with him they crucify two thieves; the one on his right hand, and the other on his left.
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|-
|28
|And the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, And he was numbered with the transgressors.
|
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|-
|29
|And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and saying, Ah, thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days,
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|-
|30
|Save thyself, and come down from the cross.
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|-
|31
|Likewise also the chief priests mocking said among themselves with the scribes, He saved others; himself he cannot save.
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|-
|32
|Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reviled him.
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|-
|33
|And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
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|-
|34
|And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
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|-
|35
|And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calleth Elias.
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|-
|36
|And one ran and filled a spunge full of vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink, saying, Let alone; let us see whether Elias will come to take him down.
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|-
|37
|And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.
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|-
|38
|And the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom.
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|-
|39
|And when the centurion, which stood over against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son of God.
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|-
|40
|There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;
|
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|-
|41
|(Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.
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|-
|42
|And now when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath,
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|-
|43
|Joseph of Arimathaea, and honourable counseller, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.
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|-
|44
|And Pilate marvelled if he were already dead: and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him whether he had been any while dead.
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|-
|45
|And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph.
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|-
|46
|And he bought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
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|-
|47
|And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where he was laid.
|
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|}

==Chapter 16==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And when the sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, had bought sweet spices, that they might come and anoint him.
|
|
|-
|2
|And very early in the morning the first day of the week, they came unto the sepulchre at the rising of the sun.
|
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|-
|3
|And they said among themselves, Who shall roll us away the stone from the door of the sepulchre?
|
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|-
|4
|And when they looked, they saw that the stone was rolled away: for it was very great.
|But when the women looked, they saw that the massive stone had been rolled to the side.
|why not use the pronoun "women" here?
|-
|5
|And entering into the sepulchre, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, clothed in a long white garment; and they were affrighted.
|
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|-
|6
|And he saith unto them, Be not affrighted: Ye seek Jesus of Nazareth, which was crucified: he is risen; he is not here: behold the place where they laid him.
|
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|-
|7
|But go your way, tell his disciples and Peter that he goeth before you into Galilee: there shall ye see him, as he said unto you.
|
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|-
|8
|And they went out quickly, and fled from the sepulchre; for they trembled and were amazed: neither said they any thing to any man; for they were afraid.
|
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|-
|9
|Now when Jesus was risen early the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had cast seven devils.
|
|The verses from here on are not in the oldest manuscripts, and are not likely to be authentic.<ref>http://www.bible-researcher.com/endmark.html</ref>
|-
|10
|And she went and told them that had been with him, as they mourned and wept.
|
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|-
|11
|And they, when they had heard that he was alive, and had been seen of her, believed not.
|
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|-
|12
|After that he appeared in another form unto two of them, as they walked, and went into the country.
|
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|-
|13
|And they went and told it unto the residue: neither believed they them.
|
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|-
|14
|Afterward he appeared unto the eleven as they sat at meat, and upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they believed not them which had seen him after he was risen.
|
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|-
|15
|And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.
|
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|-
|16
|He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned.
|
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|-
|17
|And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues;
|
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|-
|18
|They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover.
|
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|-
|19
|So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.
|
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|-
|20
|And they went forth, and preached everywhere, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following. Amen.
|
|
|}

== References ==

<references/>

Arrow's Theorem

2009-10-05T19:47:16Z

CSGuy:

'''Arrow's Theorem''', also known as '''Arrow's impossibility theorem''' or '''Arrow's paradox''', is a seemingly [[paradox]]ical [[result]] in the [[mathematics|mathematical]] [[science]] of [[voting theory]]. The theorem was invented by the economist [[Kenneth Arrow]] in 1951, and applied the following year in the [[1952 Presidential Election]].

The theorem states, quite simply, that no [[representative]] voting system can simultaneously be "[[fair]]" and satisfy the following five [[condition]]s:

# ''Unrestricted domain.'' This condition means that the entire set of leaders (or whatever is being voted upon) must be decided by the voting system. It would clearly be both fair and satisfactory if the election, instead of determining the next [[President]], were to determine a Cabinet of 350 million people, a system known technically as [[direct democracy]] or [[referendum]]. This is not the situation being considered when we talk about Arrow's Theorem.
# ''Non-imposition.'' Non-imposition means, quite simply, that nobody is ''imposed upon'' to vote (or, contrariwise, not to vote). In the [[United States]], this criterion is satisfied by the [[secret ballot]].
# ''Non-dictatorship.'' Clearly this condition is satisfied as well.
# ''Positive association,'' also known as the ''Peter principle.'' Now we come to one of the trickier principles. The criterion of positive association means that if one voter — call him Alice — prefers Bush to Obama, then the final ranking of candidates will reflect that preference in some way. This condition was intended by Arrow to reflect real-world concerns regarding the protection of minority rights.
# ''Independence of irrelevant alternatives'' (known jocularly as the ''Nader corollary''). This condition means that a third-party candidate (such as [[Ralph Nader]] in the 2000 primaries) should not be able to "swing" the election to one side or another. In particular, a third party should be unable to draw votes away from the primary candidates, as Nader did to [[Al Gore]] in 2000, or as [[Pat Buchanan]] did to [[George W. Bush|Bush]]. This condition is perhaps the most relevant to the state of elections in the [[United States]] today.

In 1951, Kenneth Arrow proved that no system of voting, however so fair, can possibly satisfy all five of these constraints. For example, the [[Electoral College]] system used in the United States satisfies all of them except the last two (and in fact even the first, unrestricted domain, is questionable, since [[federal judge]]s are not elected by the people, but rather ''appointed'' by the bench).

The 1952 Presidential election demonstrated beyond doubt the correctness of Arrow's vision; incumbent [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] beat his "egghead" Democratic challenger [[Adlai Stevenson]] in the largest landslide in human history. Nevertheless, the [[West Virginia]] Democratic primary was won by [[Averell Harriman]], who had never before held any elected office. This anomaly led to closer investigation of Arrow's results. For his work on modern voting methodology, Arrow was awarded the 1972 [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Economics]].

[[Category:Mathematics]]

Andrew Wiles

2009-10-05T19:41:34Z

CSGuy:

{{stub}}

[[Image:Wiles.png|thumb|right|Andrew Wiles]]
'''Andrew Wiles''' is the chair of the [[mathematics]] department at [[Princeton University]][http://www.math.princeton.edu/index.html]. He is famous for his non-[[elementary proof]] of [[Fermat's Last Theorem]].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wiles, Andrew}}
[[Category:Mathematicians]]

Fermat's Little Theorem

2009-10-05T19:39:56Z

CSGuy:

[[Fermat]]'s Little Theorem (so called to distinguish it from [[Fermat's Last Theorem]]) is this:

:if p is prime and b < p, then b(p-1) = 1(mod p).
[[category:mathematics]]

Pierre de Fermat

2009-10-05T19:39:06Z

CSGuy:

[[Image:Pierre de Fermat.jpg|thumb|right|Pierre de Fermat]]

Frenchman '''Pierre de Fermat''' (1601?–1665) was the greatest [[mathematician]] of the 17th century,<ref>[[E.T. Bell]], "Men of Mathematics" 56 (1937)</ref> and a contemporary of [[Rene Descartes]]. Fermat was a founder of the modern theory of numbers, discovered the fundamental principle of analytic geometry (independent of Descartes' work) and helped found the theory of probability (with [[Blaise Pascal]]). Fermat discovered proof by [[infinite descent]]. [[Isaac Newton]] credited his discovery of [[differential calculus]] to the insight of Fermat in drawing tangents.<ref>''Ibid. at 64''</ref> Fermat was [[homeschooled]] for his education.<ref>''Ibid.'' at 57.</ref>

By trade Fermat was a lawyer, and he pursued [[mathematics]] purely as a hobby. In that sense he is considered the greatest amateur [[mathematician]] ever.

Fermat's most famous conjecture is [[Fermat's Last Theorem]], which was not proven until mathematician Andrew Wiles relied on the controversial [[Axiom of Choice]] and [[hyperbolic geometry]] to publish an abstract proof, in conjunction with others, in 1995.

A Fermat number is a positive integer of the form

Fn = 22n + 1

where n is a nonnegative integer.

The first five Fermat numbers are

* F0 = 21 + 1 = 3
* F1= 22 + 1 = 5
* F2= 24 + 1 = 17
* F3 = 28 + 1 = 257
* F4 = 216 + 1 = 65537

As of 2007, only the first 12 Fermat numbers have been completely factored see: http://www.prothsearch.net/fermat.html. Fermat conjectured that all were prime; however, it is now believed that all but the first four are composite.

==See also==
*[[Fermat's Little Theorem]]
== References ==

<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT: Fermat, Pierre de}}

[[Category:Mathematicians]]
[[Category:People who were Educated at Home]]

Carl Friedrich Gauss

2009-10-05T19:31:40Z

CSGuy:

[[Image:Math.jpg|thumb|right]]

'''Carl Friedrich Gauss''' (1777–1855) was a German mathematician considered to be one of the greatest of all time, sometimes called the "the prince of mathematicians." He had an enormous impact on many areas of mathematics, including [[number theory]], [[analysis]], [[geometry]], [[electromagnetism]], [[astronomy]] and [[optics]]. Gauss was a devout Christian who supported monarchy and opposed Napoleon, whom he saw as an outgrowth of the revolution.

Gauss was a child prodigy. He could calculate complicated mathematical problems from an early age. He claimed that he knew how to count before he knew how to talk{{fact}}. According to legend before he was in elementary school he once corrected an error of calculation in his father's finances. He calculated a complicated mathematical problem his third grade teacher gave his class within a few seconds. The problem was to calculate the sum of the first 100 natural numbers. Gauss spotted immediately that by adding 1 + 100 (=101), then 2 + 99 (=101), then 3 + 98 (=101), he would end up with 50 lots of 101, which is 5050. The method that Gauss applied to this problem can be applied to all [[Arithmetic series]]. After this and other feats his teacher recognized Gauss's genius and sought to get him in high level academic math.

By age 12, Gauss was questioning the axioms of Euclid. By age 19 Gauss had proven that the regular n-gon was constructible if and only if n is the product of different odd prime Fermat numbers and a power of two. When he was 24, Gauss published ''Disquisitiones Arithmeticae'', considered perhaps the greatest book of pure mathematics ever.<ref>http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~jamesdow/Tech/mathmen.htm#Gauss</ref> He improved the understanding of complex numbers.

Gauss was the the first mathematician to prove the [[Fundamental Theorem of Algebra]] and the [[Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic]]. Gauss also collaborated with physicist [[Wilhelm Weber]] who helped discover magnetism and define it in terms of mass, length and time. Gauss influenced a Russian mathematician named [[Nikolai I. Lobachevsky]] (1792-1856). Lobachevsky invented non-Euclidean geometry and used some of Gauss's ideas to develop it.

The ''gauss,'' a unit of magnetic flux density, is named in his honor. It is not a formal part of the SI (metric system), although it is still widely used. The proper SI unit is the ''tesla.'' One tesla = 104 gauss.

After his death his brain was preserved and studied by a German physiologist and anatomist named Rudolf Wagner to see if a neurological explanation for Gauss's genius could be found. He found that Gauss's brain weighed 1,492 grams and that the cerebral area of Gauss's brain was 219,588 square centimeters. He also found that there were abnormal highly developed convolutions in his brain.{{fact}}

== References ==

<references/>

==External Links==
* [http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN235957348 Complete works of Carl Friedrich Gauss (in German)]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gauss, Carl Friedrich}}
[[Category: Mathematicians]]
[[Category: Physicists]]