Kharkiv

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Kharkiv
Kharkiv.jpg


Country Ukraine
Region Kharkiv Oblast
Population 1,421,125
Area (sq mi) 140 sq mi
Population density (/sq mi) 12,000/sq mi
Current mayor Ihor Terekhov
Demonym Kharkivite
Co-ordinates 49°59′33″N 36°13′52″E

Kharkiv is the second largest city of Ukraine. It has about 1,430,000 inhabitants.[1] Kharkiv was founded by Ukrainian Kazaks and peasants, who escaped from Polish landlords in the 17th century.[2] In was the site of a major battle in World War II commonly known as the Battle of Kharkov.

The monument in Kharkiv to Marshall Georgy Zhukov, who destroyed Nazi forces guarding Adolf Hitler's bunker in the closing days of World War II, was demolished after the American-backed fascist Maidan regime came to power in 2014.[3]

Under the NATO puppet regime

See also: Maidan regime
Statue of Marshall Zhukov, who defeated Adolf Hitler in the Battle of Berlin, being torn down by Ukrainian Nazis.

Beginning on March 20, 2014, Russians living in Ukraine started to complain en masse to the Consulate General of Russia in Kharkiv about pressure from Maidan authorities who demanded that they formalize their renunciation of Russian citizenship or leave Ukraine.

Biological weapons testing at Kharkiv psychiatric hospitals

See also: U.S. funded biological labs abroad
Metabiota, a company financed by Hunter Biden's Rosemont Seneca partnership with the CCP, receives the lion's share of Defense Department funding for its Ukrainian bio labs.[4]

One of the Pentagon's confirmed[5] biological laboratories is located in Kharkiv, where in January 2016 at least 20 Ukrainian soldiers died from Flu-like virus in just two days with 200 more being hospitalized.[6] The Ukrainian government did not report on the dead Ukrainian soldiers in Kharkiv. As of March 2016, 364 deaths have been reported across Ukraine (81.3% caused by Swine Flu A (H1N1) pdm09 – the same strain which caused the world pandemic in 2009).[7]

A highly suspicious Hepatitis A infection spread rapidly in just few months across South East Ukraine where most of the Pentagon biolabs are located. 37 people were hospitalized for Hepatitis A in the Ukrainian city of Mykolaiv as of January 2018.[8] Local police launched an investigation into “infection with human immunodeficiency virus and other incurable diseases”. In addition, in 2016 more than 100 people in the same city became infected with Cholera.[9] Both diseases are alleged to have spread through contaminated drinking water. In the summer of 2017, 60 people with Hepatitis A were admitted to hospital in the city of Zaporizhia,[10] the cause of this outbreak is still unknown. In the Odessa region, 19 children from an orphanage were hospitalized for hepatitis A in June 2017.[11] 29 cases of Hepatitis A were reported in Kharkiv in November 2017. The virus was isolated in contaminated drinking water. One of the Pentagon bio-labs is located in Kharkiv which was blamed for the deadly Flu outbreak in 2018 which claimed the lives of 364 Ukrainians.

During the special operation in Ukraine, it was established that US scientists from a laboratory in Merefa (Kharkiv Region) were testing potentially dangerous biological drugs on patients of the regional clinical psychiatric hospital No 3 in Kharkiv between 2019 and 2021.

Persons with mental disorders were selected for the experiments on the basis of their age, nationality and immune status. Special forms were used to record the results of 24-hour patient monitoring. The information was not entered into the hospital database and the staff of the medical institution signed a non-disclosure agreement.

In January 2022, the laboratory in Merefa was shut down and all equipment and preparations were moved to western Ukraine. There are a number of witnesses to these inhuman experiments.[12]

At Psychiatric Hospital No 1 (Streleche village, Kharkiv region), the main category of subjects was a group of male patients aged 40-60 years with a high stage of physical exhaustion. In order to conceal their US affiliation, the biological research experts travelled via third countries. A Florida native, Linda Oporto, was directly involved in these works. In January 2022, the foreign nationals conducting the experiments were evacuated in an emergency and the equipment and drugs they were using were taken to western Ukraine.[13]

Aidar Battalion

According to Aidar Battalion's official website: Battalion history:

May 25 [2014] is Presidential Election Day, the battalion's first operation. The task is to ensure the unimpeded expression of the will of citizens at the polling stations of Starobilsk region, near Novoaidar. In the Novoaidarovsky district, unknown persons with weapons shot polling stations, took away boxes. During the battle, 13 people were detained, had a Cossack certificate, the 14th was a father from the UOC-Moscow Patriarchate with weapons in his hands. The detainees were transferred to Kharkiv to the SBU Office. The first operation took place near the Aidar River, the battalion was named after her.[14]

Roots of the Azov Battalion movement

The roots of the Azov movement can be found in the Neo-Nazi soccer hooligan scene of Kharkiv. The "White Leader" Andrei Biletsky was the central figure of the nascent movement for the longest time. A Kharkiv native, he joined numerous nationalist organizations, for example the Lviv-based “Tryzub”. He also actively supported the Kharkiv cell of the Social-National Party of Ukraine, now renamed Svoboda. In 2006, Biletsky founded Patriot of Ukraine, a nationalist organization that engaged in street violence and terrorism. Biletsky's patron during this period was Arsen Avakov, an Armenian-Ukrainian entrepreneur and politician. In 2005–2010, Avakov was the governor of Kharkiv oblast. During this period, Patriot of Ukraine was unofficially deputized by Kharkiv police. Biletsky's gang helped the police patrol the streets for illegal immigrants, and also to combat illegal businesses. Aside from their political activities, they served as enforcers for Avakov's business ventures and reached a significant level of political protection.

In 2011, Biletsky and several of his comrades were arrested for organized robbery; in early 2014, Avakov became Minister of the Interior after the Euromaidan coup and had them released from prison. The relationship with the hooligans continued. Russian Neo-Nazi Sergei Korotkikh aka “Botsman” is a personal friend of Avakov's son. Botsman also leads a separate Azov unit, the “Botsman Boys”.

Avakov and Biletsky

Biletsky's Patriot of Ukraine group joined the Euromaidan protests and the notorious Pravy Sektor. Biletsky's men took part in the post-Euromaidan civil strife. Then known as “Little black men from Kharkiv”, they published threatening video messages to the Russian population; they rode around the country and engaged in political violence.

Biletsky's militants came to Odessa and participated in the May 2nd 2015 Trade Unions House massacre; they attacked Anti-Maidan protests in Kharkiv or straight up had pro-Russian activists “disappeared” with the help of the Ukrainian gestapo, the Security Service of Ukrainian (SBU).

The post-Maidan civil strife turned into civil war. The Euromaidan regime in Kyiv realized they could not rely on the Ukraine d army. Its elite military units were being humiliated by coal miner militias in Donbas. The "Volunteer Battalions," under the patronage of Arsen Avakov, were created. Azov, Aidar, Donbas, Tornado, Dnipro — these and many other Ministry of the Interior formations are infamous for their horrifying reign of terror in Eastern Ukraine.

The places where they were stationed, Shirokino, Zolotoye, Mariupol saw almost no fighting other than the battle for the Mariupol airport. This, however, didn't stop Azov from becoming famous. They ran the secret black site prison, "the Library" in Mariupol with the Kyiv regime gestapo, the SBU. In the city of Mariupol itself, hey started looting, raping, shooting random civilians, kidnapping, torturing and murdering pro-Russian activists, and other war crimes.

Azov transformed from a hooligan militia into a proper military unit with generous funding provided by Ukrainian oligarchs — not just Avakov, but also Kolomoisky and Rinat Akhmetov.[15] Patriot of Ukraine became the “National Corps”, Azov's political wing. Not a mere political party, Azov's “civilian” organizations engaged in paramilitary training for radicals, children's education, charity, literature & many other things. They built a whole business empire ranging from publishing houses and tattoo parlors to brothels and drug dealing. Azov was involved in high-profile expropriations and hostile takeovers. Biletsky became a member of the Ukrainian Parliament. There were rumors that they tried to buy an island in Latin America. With political protection, mob ties & US sponsors they became a “state within the state”.

After Biletsky's departure into politics, Denys Prokopenko was left in charge of the military unit. Prokopenko became recognizable to the general public only when he refused to salute Zelensky at an awarding ceremony.

Mariupol became Azov's headquarters — a Russian-speaking city given to them as a feudal fiefdom by the Maidan regime. The city housed the headquarters and one of the regiment's battalions. Other battalions, including the most numerous, were established in Kharkiv Dnepropetrovsk. The leaders and iconic figures of the movement are concentrated in Kyiv. After the defeat at Mariupol in May 2022, Azov has been replenished with numerous supporters from the civilian corps and their own mobilization reserve.

Azov franchise is exists in Kyiv; the Kharkiv branch (“Kraken” and “Freikorps”) was the one responsible for videos of Russian prisoners of war being executed. Azov's political arm, the National Corps, has established a military dictatorship in Kharkiv during the SMO.

Ethnic cleansing

See also: Ethnic cleansing in the Donbas

The NATO war in Ukraine is recognized by the Orthodox Christian Church as a struggle between the Western globalists' gay agenda and traditional family, moral, and religious values.[16] For this reason, the international media has ignored what otherwise would be considered a policy of ethnic cleansing of Russians from the Donbas by the NATO-backed fascist Kyiv regime.[17]

Prof. Olga Chetverikova reported in July 2014:

The heart of Burisma Holdings' Yuzov field in the Dniepr-Dontes Basin.[18]
The Dniepr-Donets Basin center of Burisma Holdings on the Kharkov front during the NATO war in Ukraine.
"In late January 2013 when former President Yanukovych still was in power, the Ukrainian government and Royal Dutch Shell inked the country's first major shale gas 50 year profit sharing agreement. Shell plans to develop the Yuzov field in the Donetsk and Kharkiv regions. In June 2014 the company confirmed its intention to go on with the agreement as soon as the conflict gets de-escalated and the situation stabilizes. The information about the deal is classified. The Ukrainian government allegedly cannot refuse the extension of its term. The territory to be explored is 7886 square kilometers, including Slavyansk (situated right in the heart of deposit), Izium, a major part of Kramatorsk and a large number of smaller populated areas like, for instance, Krasny Liman, Seversk, Yasnogorsk, Kamyshevka etc.

In accordance with article 37.2 of the agreement, the local residents have to sell their land and property. In case of refusal they are to be coerced to do it to serve the Shell’s interests. The company’s expenditure is to be compensated by Ukraine at the expense of produced gas.

The government takes on responsibility for finding a solution to all the problems with local authorities.

There are other actors involved in shale gas projects in Ukraine:

– Eurogas Ukraine, some of its shares are owned by British Macallan Oil & Gas (UK) Ltd, which belongs to US Euro Gas;

Burisma Holdings, with Hunter Biden, the son of US Vice President being a member of board of directors.

That is the main goal of those who launched the “anti-terrorist operation” or the Donbass slaughter. They want to establish total control over the Donetsk and Luhansk regions to clear the way for shale gas extraction (80-140 thousand wells). Arable lands would not be used for agricultural purposes, houses and churches will have to be destroyed to erect gas production infrastructure. Ukraine boasts 27% deposits of black earth. It’ll have to sell it abroad. It’s hard to do it in peacetime, but war time changes a lot of things. It’s important to reduce the population leaving only those who are needed to extract gas. ...the goal of establishing control over the Donetsk-Dneprovsk region deposits turned the war against the local people into an operation of extermination. Mass slaughter, spreading fear around turning local dwellers into refugees have become the main tools of implementing the policy of Kiev authorities who came to power after the coup. They serve the interests of transnational companies by being involved in ethnic cleansing of Russian population of Donbass. Human lives, the norms of international law and rules of waging contemporary wars don’t mean anything for those who are responsible for bloodshed. Some experts (E. Gilbo, for instance) say the estimations on how many people should remain in the regions have already been done."[19]

Hromadske TV[20] hosted Ukrainian Nazi journalist Bogdan Boutkevitch[21] during the Maidan coup, demanding genocide of ethnic Russians. Boutkevitch said that Donbas,

"is severely overpopulated with people nobody has any use for. Trust me I know what I am saying. If we take, for example, just Donetsk oblast, there are approximately 4 million inhabitants, at least 1.5 million of them are superfluous. We don't need to "understand" Donbass, we need to understand Ukrainian national interests. Donbass must be exploited as a resource, which it is. I don't claim to have a quick solution recipe, but the most important thing that must be done - no matter how cruel it may sound, there is a certain category of people that must be exterminated."[22]

NATO war in Ukraine

See also: Izium-Kharkiv front and Gonzalo Lira
While ramping up Russophobia CNN honored Russia's claim to Kharkiv as legitimate.[23]

In their drive to stoke hostilities between the West and Russia, corporate media ignored the fact that the U.S. and NATO forces have been supporting openly Neo-Nazi paramilitaries in Ukraine for many years. A MintPress study of the op-ed pages of The New York Times, The Washington Post and The Wall Street Journal found that only one of 91 articles published in January 2022 mentioned this connection at all, with far more asserting that Vladimir Putin himself is Hitler incarnate. Around 90% of opinion columns pushed a “get tough on Russia” message, with anti-war voices few and far between.[24] “People who take at face value the Western media coverage would have a very distorted perception of the Ukraine conflict and its origin,” Ivan Katchanovski, Professor of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa, told MintPress, adding:

"They omit or deny that there is a civil war in Donbas even though the majority of scholars who [have] published or presented concerning this conflict in Western academic venues classify it as a civil war with Russian military intervention. The Western media also omitted that recent ‘unity marches’ in Kharkiv and Kyiv and a staged training of civilians, including a grandmother, were organized and led by the far right, in particular, the Neo-Nazi Azov [Battalion].[25]
The Zelensky regime's genocidal war crimes against Russian-speaking Ukrainian citizens in the Kharkiv region, September 2022, unreported by the Western media propaganda apparatus.[26]

On February 28, 2022, Maria Avdeeva, a misinformation specialist and director at the European Expert Association, shared a tweet that appeared to show Russians indiscriminately shelling residential areas.[27] However, the building targeted in the video is a known base for the Azov Battalion. Hromadske previously reported that the group "occupied the building of the regional administration and acted as a local 'Self-Defense' known as 'Sect 82'. In 2014, on the basis of the 'Sect,' a 'Schidna Corps' was formed—a volunteer formation that was incorporated into the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and was supposed to protect Kharkiv in the event of a war on its territory. Kyiv regime Interior Minister Arsen Avakov called the corps 'his black hundred in Kharkiv.'"[28]

On March 24, 2022 Mayor Hennadiy Matsegora of Kupyansk in the Kharkiv region, who was accused by the Kyiv regime of treason for allowing Russian troops to enter the city, recorded a video message to Ukrainian dictator Volodymyr Zelensky about the abduction and hostage taking of his daughter by SBU gestapo officers and asked for her release.[29]

On March 27, 2022, very disturbing videos emerged of mistreatment of Russian POWs by Armed Forces of Ukraine. One video shows Russian soldiers with canvas bags over their heads and then beaten in the face with rifle butts. The prisoners are shot in the kneecaps and genitals, and they are left on the ground to bleed to death. Several vans then arrive at the Ukraine military compound in Kharkiv, and as each POW is removed from the van they are shot in the knees. A second video shows Russian POW's lying face down in a paved courtyard, or compound, and then being shot in the knees from the rear.[30]

On April 15, 2022 the Zelensky regime gestapo abducted YouTube reporter Gonzalo Lira.[31] Tweets from the account of the notorious Ukrainian Nazi Sergei “Botsman” Korotkikh, who is deeply implicated in the Bucha massacre, said Lira had been kidnapped, tortured and possibly beheaded.[32]

After the NATO-led assault on the Kharkov and Izium front in September 2022,[33] numerous assassinations, sabotage, nuclear blackmail, terrorism plots and continued shelling of the Donetsk and Lugansk Republics killing dozens of civilians - including children with U.S.-built HIMAR missile launcher systems,[34] the Russian State Duma began debating an upgrade of the Special Military Operation to a counterterrorism operation.[35] Between the Kharkov and Kherson counteroffensives, 12,000 Ukrainian and NATO forces were killed. Russian casualties were fewer than 400. Ukraine threw all its strategic reserves into the fight. Due to the magnitude of losses and the approaching seasonal change, Gen. Valerei Zaluzhnyi was reported to have advised Zelensky to cease the counteroffensive and revert to a defensive posture.

On January 15, 2023, the Russian Interdepartmental Coordination Headquarters for Humanitarian Response in Ukraine warned about another planned false flag provocation. The Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) mined a granary in the east of the country in an attempt to accuse Moscow of “provoking hunger” and “disrupting” the grain export deal from Ukrainian ports. The explosion should be staged in the city of Karaichnoye, Kharkiv region. A group of up to 30 SBU officers and mine-blasting specialists headed by Mr. Tkachuk arrived in Volchansk. The granary in question is owned by an employee of the SBU, Mr. Uvarov.

Kraken unit

Photo of football hooligans squad of the neo-Nazi Kraken regiment of the Ukraine regime forces: KCP (Kharkiv), Bratiya (Kryvbas), Brave Brigade (Dynamo) and Dnipro.[36]
See also: Pravy Sektor

The Kraken Regiment is a volunteer unit formed on February 24, 2022 by veterans of the Azov Battalion. The founder is Konstantin Nemichev, a member of the National Corps and combat veteran of the Azov Battalion. The Kraken unit are particularly well known for openly conducting safaris for Russian speaking civilians in the Kharkiv region. The Kraken unit has also been accused of mistreating Russian prisoners of war. Kraken is not officially part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

On June 16, 2022 Russian forces destroyed the headquarters of the neo-Nazi Kraken unit in the Kharkiv region[37]

On June 29, 2022 Russian artillery destroyed up to 100 militants of the Nazi Kraken formation and about 10 units of military in the Kharkiv region.

North of Kharkiv, the Russian MOD reported that the feared Ukrainian neo-Nazi Kraken forces, which function as political commissars on the front, executed 100 members of the Ukrainian 58th motorized infantry brigade who refused to fight.[38]

On May 25, 2023 Kraken units were reported to have been sent as reinforcements to NATO/Ukrainian incursion into the Belgorod oblast of Russia.[39]

History of Kharkov

Defeat in World War I and the revolutions of 1917 destroyed the Russian Empire. The Ukrainian elite declared statehood: the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed at Kiev on Nov. 20, 1917, becoming independent on Jan. 22, 1918. The West Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed at Lvov on Nov. 1, 1918. A rival Ukrainian Soviet Republic was established at Kharkov on Dec. 24, 1917. On Jan. 22, 1919, the two republics united. Vladimir Lenin gave Ukraine Kharkov, Donbass, and the coastal oblasts, making it an artificial state in the style of the EU.[40][41][42][43] By then, however, the military situation was desperate, as Polish and Bolshevik armies pressed the Ukrainian nationalists from west and east and the peasant anarchists led by Nestor Makhno took control of large areas. Because communist theory denies the existence of race as the adherents flip flop to favor one group over another, Lenin made the Soviet Union autonomous republics so not one ethnic group will have too much power.

The T-34 tank built in the Kharkov Steam-Engine Factory (KhPZ) during World War II, the German general von Runstedt called the T-34 the "best tank in the world" and von Kleist said it was the "finest in the world."

WWII: Battle of Kharkov

See also: Operation Barbarossa

As the Germans advanced on Moscow in the summer of 1941, and against the advice of the German High Command, Hitler suddenly detoured the center line of advance south, creating a huge traffic jam as the central column had to cross the southern advance. This slowed the advance on Moscow to which they did not arrive until October 16, 1941, as the snowy season set in.

The army group sent south engaged the ill-prepared, ill-equipped Red Army forces at Kharkov. 600,000 Red Army troops were quickly encircled and taken prisoner without much of a fight. Hitler declared it, "the greatest military victory of all time."

Most of the Russian POWs became slave labor in German POWs camps;[44] some Ukrainian POWs were recruited into German fighting units in both eastern Europe, where they committed atrocities against the civilian population, and the Western Front to guard the Atlantic Wall in advance of, and during, the Normandy Invasion.

Sister Cities

Twin cities of Kharkiv:[45]

References

  1. http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/ukraine-population/major-cities-in-ukraine/
  2. http://www.city.kharkov.ua/en/o-xarkove/istoriya/istoricheskij-ocherk.html
  3. https://www.unian.info/society/10572621-protesters-topple-statue-to-soviet-era-general-zhukov-in-kharkiv-video.html
  4. https://archive.fo/fVtcf
  5. https://youtu.be/Y39veTO7kF4
  6. https://dninews.com/article/deadly-virus-leaked-us-laboratory-donbass-dpr-army-and-intelligence
  7. http://old.moz.gov.ua/ua/portal/pre_20160311_0.html
  8. https://www.segodnya.ua/regions/others/vspyshkoy-gepatita-v-nikolaeve-zainteresovalas-policiya-1103357.html
  9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K47S1DarhTE
  10. https://www.segodnya.ua/regions/others/vspyshkoy-gepatita-v-nikolaeve-zainteresovalas-policiya-1103357.html
  11. https://archive.fo/wip/YOvCU
  12. https://telegra.ph/Briefing-on-the-results-of-the-analysis-of-documents-related-to-the-military-biological-activities-of-the-United-States-on-the-t-04-14
  13. https://telegra.ph/Briefing-on-the-results-of-the-analysis-of-documents-related-to-the-military-biological-activities-of-the-United-States-on-the-t-04-14
  14. [ https://archive.ph/v6Guw#selection-1641.0-1749.12 By Administrator Feb 13, 2015]
  15. In early July 2023, as NATO aggression was mounting, Akhmetov called for a negotiated peace settlement. [1]
  16. http://www.informationliberation.com/?id=62947
  17. https://www.rferl.org/a/death-toll-up-to-13-000-in-ukraine-conflict-says-un-rights-office/29791647.html
  18. BURISMA GROUP VIDEO 2018, BURISMA GROUP, Oct 4, 2018. YouTube.
  19. Donbass: Russians Subject to Unparalleled Ethnic Cleansing, Olga Chetverikova, July 6, 2014. Strategic Culture Foundation online journal www. strategic-culture.org.
  20. https://www.mintpressnews.com/ukraine-propaganda-war-international-pr-firms-dc-lobbyists-cia-cutouts/280012/
  21. https://beyondhighbrow.com/2014/08/03/us-supported-ukrainian-nazi-calls-for-killing-1-5-novorussians/
  22. https://youtu.be/S9SOVarOFJk
  23. https://twitter.com/runews/status/1486055820471197699
  24. https://www.mintpressnews.com/279612-2/279612/
  25. https://twitter.com/I_Katchanovski/status/1490034084600594436
  26. https://thedreizinreport.com/2022/10/09/war-crimes-2/
  27. https://twitter.com/maria_avdv/status/1498544825062375434
  28. https://hromadske.ua/posts/my-namahaiemosia-pryity-do-vlady-cherez-vybory-khocha-maiemo-vsiaki-mozhlyvosti-iak-azov-staie-partiieiu
  29. https://www.objectiv.tv/objectively/2022/03/24/mer-sdavshij-kupyansk-trebuet-chtoby-zelenskij-spas-ego-doch-video/
  30. https://theconservativetreehouse.com/blog/2022/03/27/zelenskyy-worried-about-western-financial-support-after-video-surfaces-showing-ukraine-military-torturing-russian-pows/
  31. https://twitter.com/Anabel_Villeroy/status/1516131041672638464
  32. https://twitter.com/dancohen3000/status/1516070868610387971
  33. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/us/politics/ukraine-military-intelligence.html
  34. https://southfront.org/us-himars-mlrs-killing-civilians-in-donetsk-and-luhansk-peoples-republics-videos-18/
  35. https://news.rambler.ru/sociology/49327852-ekspert-vlasti-gotovyat-izmenenie-statusa-spetsoperatsii-na-ukraine/
  36. Photo of Football Hooligans squad of neoNazi Kraken regiment of Ukraine regime forces: KCP (Kharkiv), Bratiya (Kryvbas), Brave Brigade (Dynamo) and Dnipro, October 2022. reddit.
  37. https://youtu.be/261CQakgvus
  38. https://ria.ru/20220819/spetsoperatsiya-1810717127.html
  39. https://youtu.be/qXr3x9sOMQs
  40. https://russophile.org/is-ukraine-an-artificial-state-popular-youtuber-says-yes/
  41. https://orientalreview.org/2017/08/21/ukraines-misunderstanding-lenin-helps-explain-americas-fight-re-invented-historical-statues/
  42. https://russian-faith.com/persecution/struggle-russian-christian-faith-europe-carpatho-russians-n1122
  43. https://www.sott.net/article/391652-The-history-of-Ukraine-as-an-artificial-state
  44. The USSR did not become a party to the Geneva Convention until 1960. So, although Germany was a signatory, Nazi Germany felt to compunction to honor the terms of the convention given German POWs and civilians were also subjected to human rights abuses by their Soviet counterparts.
  45. http://www.city.kharkov.ua/en/o-xarkove/goroda-partneryi.html